The freeman foon. By judy and Peter Blum Kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for americas neglected needs. And by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. Thanu. Im ros atkins. Welcome to outside source. China has adopted a law giving it new powers over hong kong. Countries that have pointed their fingers at china have their own legislation in place. We could think of no valid reason why china alone should be in a better from acting legislatio ros we will look at how well the u. K. Has done in handling the coronavirus. Also, we will take look at the u. K. s response in terms of a lockdown andnd testi in terms of the outbreak within englands care homes. And should the u. K. Have learned from other countries . Will look at that, too. We will look at that, too. China has released its controversial offer hong kong. The details of the legislation were published after it came into effect. We now knowor terrorism and cessation will be punished forn up to lifeison. Companies groups that violate the norm could face suspension of operations. Gechina is setting up any in hong kong. While beijing has called it a sword hanging over the heads of those who threaten national security, critics at it would erodeg hong s way of life, including many freedoms. Joshua described it as the end of hong kong, the beginning of the reign of terror. Hong kongchief executive carrie lam sees it differtly. The question of how long we can tolerate a gaping hole in asked and answered. As but those foreign governments raising objections to legislation, one can only lament the double standards they are opting. Ros this is all happening in the context of 1997 when hon kong was handed back to china from british control and ban life under an agreement widely known as one country, two wsystemch protects certain freedoms in hong kong that dont exist in mainland china. And the chinese capital, behindstlosed doorsding Committee Delegates have rubberstamped through thisr new lossenting voices. Chinas leader, xi jinping with these western notions of free speech and liberty have essentially poisoned hong kont he doesn care that this new law will be seen by some as changing that place forever because that is at he wants. To drag that rebelous city back into the arms of another land with the residents whether residents liket or ros we have more details about thlegislation. In many ways, almost every aspect ohong kong life will change from the norm, even as nonviolent at can be considered breach national security, as well as foreign media and the behavior foreign med Organization Ros hong kong activists have been deleting social media profiles and closing down campaign groups. Jimmy is one of the most vocal antigovernment critics. It is the death nail of hong kong. The most attractive thing is for the i have 72. I dont have much time left to law, but those young peoplele of have to face a future wtihout the prot othe rule of law. Ros this is the other sidef the argument. These are probeijing supporters who gathered in front of government headquarters to celebrate the no law. les hear from one of those in support, a former district counselor. What happens in hong kong since last year is uncontrollable ways of terrorism going on, and socalled democracy movements. It does not affect anything that related to that you cannot have freedom of assembly. You can still apply through the Hong Kong Police and they ca approve it. It does not stop you fro having order. Ros this has prompted an international outcry. Nato, the u. K. , and japan has condemned the law and so has e. U. New legislation does not conform with hong kongs basic law, nor was chinas International Commitments in terms of adoption procedure and we a very clear on that topic. For us, that is very critical and we are seriously concerned about it. Ros the u. S. S condemned the law, and just as it warned it would, it started to revoke hong kongs special trade status. The white house said in a statemt that beijing treats hong kong as one system, so must the united states. Now, it is 100 days since Boris Johnson annouoded he was ining a lockdown, and and those 100 days, the u. K. Has been affected by covid19 for more than most by we want to take a look at the decisions that were takend arockdown come around testing, and around care homes of the elderly, where the virus has taken a porto donate terrible toll. The next 10 minutes, we will do just that. Lets start wh a comparison, the u. Against three other european nations of roughly the same size. Aly, t first that was badly hit, france,nd germany, whichig has seen loweres. As the pandemicd, unfolhe u. K. Was around two weeks behind italy, but it has caught up in the recorded death toll and the u. Is over 43,000. That figure is higher than the recorded deaths and any other country in europe. The u. K. Government has these comparisons. Here was the foreign secretary on the fifth of may, the day the u. K. s death toll passed italy to get a real verdict we wont get a real verdictn o how the pandemic has done until we have got data on the mortality. S the pandemic is not over yet, but we can nowomre recorded deaths from all causes, and this hel u to see the true scale of each countrys coronavirus outbreak. Ts get the u. K. First. This dotted line shows the number of deaths that would usually occur. Actual death i2020 are in gray. The u. K. Was below expectations until covid arrived. The red area shows excess deaths with the person was reported as having covid19. In blue shs the other excess deaths. Some may involve covid, but could also involve people dying from a stricts acc to health care because of the pandemic. Put red and blue together and you will get a clearer pictureb. D on these calculations and with adjustments for p. Kulation, thehas seen more excess death than any other country in the g7 group of industrialized nations, including italy, france, and germany. The head of statistics here are caveats to any statistics. The thing about looking at the patterns in the total number of deathsno i subject to the same differences of countries as th have recorded coronavirus it is a big improvement when you look at that. When you look at the data now, a lot of countries like the u. K. , italy, and many others are through that first wave of the epidemic. Death pete in the middle of spring and they had been coming down ever since, and the total number of deaths in those countries is in and around what we would expect. The picture of the total number likely to change unless not something really radical happens. Yonce got those two things, you can start to look back at the first wave and hee who has bedest hitd that is the starting point for looking at the differences between those countries andhohy differences occur. Ros how do we understanwhat happened . Why has the u. K. Has had years worst outbreak . There are a lot of factors. The u. K. Higher death toll may be connected to higher levels of obesity, or being , or london being an International Travel hu e u. K. s first death was recorded on the fifth of march. The governmen lockdown gradually. It was to flatten the curve rather than stopping the virus. The chief Scientific Advisory put it like this not to suppss it completely. Ilso, because most people get a mild illness to somewhat of herd immunity so more people are immune to this disease, and be reduce the transmission at the same time and protectsthose who are ulnerable from it. Ros while some countries are locking down, Public Events continue. The horse racing festival opened its doors to spectators on march 10. A few ys later, a band tweeted this picture of a concert in cardf. And 35 people had died from covid in spain when around 3000 athletic madrid fans were able to travel to liverpool to watch lgue game ben johnson attended and later developed covid symptoms. 60,000 people, im one of them and probably wasnt the only one who was asymptomatic and went to that match. Thk it was negligent. It is nothe fault of the clubs. I ju think it was a poor decision. Would be amazed if some point there were 60,000 people. Like sardines squeezed into a 1 can. I would be amazed if i have not tested on two peoe tested onto people. Ros hehreat of the virus is in plain sight elsewhere. E u. K. Was taking actions by midmarch. Some soctal ding measures were introdced and more measures were promised and the governmentnt mned it was being guided by the science, but controversial subject. Herd immunity is an approach that allows the percentage of the population to get a virus, imni across theommunity is achieved. We heard t patrickkingbout that. He then explained that he did not mean that herd immunity was government policy, but the celebrated Science Writer had written, the u. K. s coronavirus herd immunity debacle may not of been theua policy would the a process was being badly explained that hes, arg you would be forgiven for thinking so. The u. K. Was not moving asme quickly as ther countries. But then a report from Imperial College appear to to change the calculation and argued to not actt more drastically, st in the u. K. , but elsewhere, was to us thousands of lives. Report or other advice, the u. K. It escalate its respoloe. Thdown arrivedn the 23rd of march. Gatherings of more than two people were banned strict limits on exercise were brought in. This was the Prime Minister making the announcement. I must give the british people act simple instn. You must stayathome. Because the critical must to stop the disease spreading betweenouseholds. Ro many governments were facing this unprecedented situation, all of them or having to me calcutions and situations they had never been in, but the date chosen by boris son for the anouncement because so much changed so quickly and mark pryor go back to the fifth of march, less than 300 people in the uve. Tested posi by the end of the month, that figure was over 32,000, and because of limited testing capacity, the real figure would have been higher. By how much, we dont know. Scientist advising thethe government now say the lockdowme should have ooner. It was 24 days before lockdown extensions were introduced. Had we introduced lockdn measures earlier, we wou reduce the death toll by half. Should have ge to lockdown earlier. I think it would have been hard to do i i think the data we were dealing wi in early parts of march and the situation awareness, where it was quite helpful. I wish we had, to lockdown earlier. I think that has caused a lot of lives. Ros he decision to not rush into lockdown was taken while other countries were taking more drastic action. None of those live of insight outlined a moment ago been allowed in france, where public gatherings of more than 1000 people had been banned from march 8. In ireland, st. Patricks days parades were canceled march 1 other countries are going further. Italy went intoionwide lockdownn the ninth of march. Here is spains Prime Minister making a National Address on the 16th of march as Boris Johnson was telling britas to avoid unnecessary trouble from home, spain passed Prime Minister ordered people by law to stayathome. France followed suit one day later. We should emphasize though, this is a straight correlation from one decision and one outcome. Angela merkel in germany continued toait. She only ordered the lockdown on the 22nd of march, one day before the u. K. , and the number of cases a quite different Political Correspondent quite different. Lets bring iour Political Correspondent. Lets start by being guided by the sciences po the governmet does make decision, right . Yes, it does, and ministers thcept that, and i think o one hand, the good news for the sgovernment the good news for the government is there doesnt seem to be a smoki gun were one side said if you dont do this right away, all hell is going to break loose. There isnt a smoking gun in that sense, but what you have as a sort of growing sense of ateurish about how the British Government handle this. The government overpromise and under delivered, and i thought i would pick this out because i thought it was quite revealing, somethg mr. Johnson said on march the second. That is, he set this country is very, very well prepared. We got fantastic testing, amazing surveillance of thef spread disease. That sense all along that the government w overpromising, suggesting it was completely in control while evidence suggests it was not quite that way. Ros stay there, rob. Pi we wil up that issue of testing is countries around the world were grappling with the pandemic, the World Health Organization was saying this march 16. We have a simple message for all countries. Test, test, test. Ros the who says you should test those people whare suspected to have it and who they came into contact with. While th u. K. Took a different approach. This was march 26. It comes a point in the pandemic where it is note an appropritervention, and that is the point where we moved intoay, and alough we still do some Contact Tracing and testing, for example, in highrisk areas, like prisons or care homes, that is not an appropriate mechanism go forward. Ros the u. K. Has acknowledged it abandon track and trace in the early stages of the pandemic because it simply did not have the capacity to test at scale. Some European Countries did, and germany had 4000 tests per week, just whetheirus was spreading quickly. Unlike in britain, you did not have to haveon cirus symptoms to get a test. Lets be clear, the u. K. Was far from the only country struggling with thessue of testing pacity. It is one of president macrons key advisor saying france failed on testing in february because it did not have enough of them, spent the first date of thence pandemic trying to buy testing market, and try toibute itonal to a centralized health service. In the u. K. , there was a huge effort underway to grow that test tg capacity. End of april, the government was saying this wcan announce that we have met our goal. The mber of tests yesterday, on the last day of april, was 122,347. This unprecedentedxpansion in british testing capability is an incredible achievement. Ros the. K did have significant testing capacity, even if those figures were increased by county tips sent out. You may remember hearing the deputy chief medical officer tracing wt contact not an approprte mechanism for the pandemic at that stage. Since there has been a shift that. I the end of may, the Health Secretary matt hancock said ts , nhs testing trace will be vital for preventing of the disease. He is how that effort has been going. Boris johnson promised a world beating tray system, but of the reality is that few experts wouldescribe it as such as it stands now. Lets take the government out. Ntthe government said it to develop its own app by nhs england. At the time, Many Technology experts question that inset they should be flowing the lead of other countries, and talking to the tech giants. Ministers were bullish about their own app, and it was launched with great fanfe as a trial on the south coast. Im asticked on, miniatures and esthut seem to talk at less and less, and in early june, it was described as just the cherry on the cake. Then in an embarrassing new term, the nhs app was stitched and ministers announced it would embrace the framework provided by google and apple, but we have already been warned this app wont be appearing until the autumn at least. Ros letcontinue the look on how the u. K. Has handled the pandemic. When the lockdown was introduced was crucial. Th u. Ks tax test and traceas give ability wrucial and so were the care homes. One is 15,0 people have died from covid19 in u. K. Care homes from officiaatstatistics. S almost the third of fatalities. E buyers claimed the lives of 5 that the virus claimed the lives of 5 fromare homes. The virus claimed the lives of 5 from care homes. In eland, from the month beginning omarch 17, 25,000 people were discharged to care homes without a coronavirus test. Ose were official figures. By the end of that period, alst thousand mes reported feinctions. The care home industry looks at it like this. Th astart of this pandemic the most Vulnerable People were in care homes. Some of our problems around transmission are related to ppe, and very sadly, some deaths, too. This has been a help pandemic and in the care sector, we have not had a health response. Ros it was mindful of the situation in the care sector. Ireone ministers speaking in may. Sure we dont accept theacter character that we took an approach that was wrong. Early on in this epidemic, win had protocollace forare homes. There was guidance on how shades there w guidance on how they should approach things. As the situation developed, more ringent ros policies were developed. Many factors have contributed to the u. K. Having the worse outbreak iany country in the g20 ane outbreak is going on. This shows the number of new deaths per day and the latest stages of each countrys outbreak. Tthe ch starts at day 60. France and italy had pushed their curve way down, just have the u. K. , but continue to record over 100 deathper day far longer then those two countries. Rob watson, s look at the politics of this because it is currently on a folks in the u. K. Are being sympathetic with the situation the government found itself in, which was unprecedented, very difficult and impossible to t everything right in those conditions. Rob ig that is. All that changed, but there was no doubt at the start, indeed as it happens in coun around the world, whenever there is a tremendous crisis with the people do, they look t those in authority, and mr. Johnson and the government had skyhigh ratings. That has fallen by 20 or ang to a polling firm. Some can tie some of that to the incidents involving mr. Sons most Senior Advisor the lockdown regulations, and a sense that the government was sending mixed messages as to how it emerge from the lockdown, and of c u. K. Has the highest number of deaths in europe. Ros i want to ask you about a couple of development today. The city of luster is experiencing the first local lockdown of this crisis. I guess thais a sign we are shifting into a new stage now . Rob yes i suppose on the one hand, it is mang its point of people in thu. K. To thinkou can somehow dropour guard. This is evidence of how people still need to be very, very mindful of t health risks. On the bad side for the government, ayis was the d Boris Johnson was trying to relaunch his government with the promise of a big, bold approach to postcovid, economic solution to build, build, build, and deceits to that message, and make people more nervous about going back to work and doing the things a government would like them to do. Ros idoes eat into that message, but nonetheless, would you agree the enough and today by the Prime Minister were enough to raise the eyebrows there is a reasonable amount of money heading to infrastructure projects. Rob well, it raises eyebrows. I suppose one of the things it does, i guess it raises the question about a certain amoun c of ideologicfusion for conservatives. Many will be asking, what is mr. Johnn . Fdr, mr. Roosevelt . Believing in big interventionist government . Or does heat believe the whole point of li bin the e. U. Is for more regulated or does he believe the whole point of leaving this. U is for more regulation . Ros if you would like more details both on Boris Johnsons big except speech, on the situation and leister, or the u. K. s expense of handling the can find through the bbc news website. Narrator funding for this presentation of this program is provided language specialists teaching spanish, french and more. Raymond james. The freeman foundation. By judy d peteron blum kovler founda pursuing solutions for americas glected needs. And by contributions to this pbs ation from viewers like you. Thank you. Nat the hght of the conflict. D into vietnam he became a single parent of two young children. 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