Sophie long. As fires rage in the amazon, International Pressure is building on brazils president to save the forests before it is too late. Huge losses on the New York Stock Exchange after china retaliates against the u. S. And slaps tariffs on 75 billion worth of goods. And we travel to the northernmost tip of norway to see how reindeer herre being inpacted by Climate Change. Ie sofor those watching on pbs and around the globe, welcome to world news america. Tonight there is increasing pressure on brazils president ac to take greateon to fight the fires ravaging the amazon. The leaders of france and ireland say th will not support a majoru trade deal with south america unless more is done. Environmental leaders are warning about the widespread impact these blazes will have, but president bolsonaro remains defiant, criticizing foreign governments for interfering. Reporter the flames in the amazon continue to rage. Thousands of fires, almost impossible to control. This is the worlds biggest inforest and carbon store, home to 20 million people. We traveled to one area on the fringe of the rain forest, where the flames have devoured huge areas. Firefighters in one of the states mt affected by the amazon fires have been working here for the last two weeksyi ng to put out the flames, but resources are an issue here, as it is a vast area with few people on the ground, and low humidity and strong winds add to the challenge, and somimes the fires spread as fast as 30 to 40 the fires threateny homes. One matold us his wife fled while he tries to proteceir land. Ge it is a dus situation. We have lots of crops here, and everything is burning. Rnhad to move thanimals so they dont o. Reporter farmers and loggers are blamed for starting the fires, as the amazon is relentlessly cleared for cultivation. Brazils controversial rightwing president jairar bolshas championed the exploitation of the rain foresto now,h, brazil is facing International Pressure. European leaders are calling it a global emergency. Brazils president has accused them of a colonialindset, andwo charitrking to save the rain forest of interference. Pres. Bolsonaro those countries that send money nore, they are doing it for charity. I hope everyone can understand beat. They are doing iuse they have a vesd interest. T they wo interfere with our sovereignty. They are looking for riches under the soil. Reporter it is the amazons Indigenous People wherare suffg the most. En some have bettacked and killed, as loggers and farmers try to push them off the land. With each passing day we see the destruction of the lands destruction advance deforestation, invasion, locking. We are sad because the forest is dyin at every moment. We feel the climate changing, and the worlneeds the forest. We need it and our children need it. Reporter as the amazoburns, the world is now paying attention. Brazils president says he may send in the army to help tackle the flames. Sophie for more on the impactie of these fires, i spoke to a wildlife biologist and asked for his assessment of the current situation. Well, basically, the most importantcosystems, the biologically richest ecosystem on the planet, is going up in flames right before our eyes. Largely this is the result of homestding, slashandburn agriculture, industrial ning. All of this has come togetr to twist up into this perfect s extinctirm, which is biome of life for containsg this 70 of all life on our planet. On what you need to think about, sophie, rainforests as a whole take up 5 of the planets surface, conin 75 of all life. Brazil is one of the last strongholds for rain forest, but on their present course they are pushing themselves to the point that within a decade, probably 70 of tir forests will be gone. Sophie people have described seeing animals dashing out of the forest a trying to escape. It what is the refor them . How many of them will be able to avoid the flames . Jeff a lot of them will be varized and cremated in this molten hot example of profound human negligence. I have been there on the ground many times. Career began in rainforests. 16. Irst went to a rainforest at it was my first work as a college student, philanthropic stuff. I did graduate work there. The pilots of my two Television Series were in rainforests. Have were it not for thiser i remarkable ecosystem. Sophie the european cscmission has bed the amazon as our lungs, our lifesupport system. What is going to be the impact of this globally . Jeff it is going to have a profound and devastating impact that will be felt by generations to come, because it is true, rain forests produce 20plus percent of the oxygen that we needo survive. The process of just being a carbon bank. Tural they sequester billions and billions of tons of carbon not only are you taking natures way of mitigating Climate Change, you make them a culprit in the disaster because you are cutting this bank and instantly burning these trees and sending those fumes into the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas. You are taking the solution and making it a manifest of the prlem. Ats just one layer of it. When you take, sophie, the impact of the loss of this ecosystem and then you mix it tewith the elements of cli change, the failure of the United States to rightfully take its position as an environmental global leader, we have been we haveone horrible things as of late, all of this comes crtogether tte this perfect extinction storm. We know that Climate Change doesnt happen ia vacuum, that the deforestation of this ecosystem does not happen in a vacuum. These elements conspire together to contribute to one of the greatest environmental times. Rophes in modern human sophie iafraid we must leave it there. Thank you very much indeed for your time. Back here in the United States, between watching markets and twitter today, it has been quite a wild ride. First came chinas announcement that they would be slappingri s on 75 bilon of u. S. Goods retaliation to similar moves out of america. Then the Federal Reserve chairman spoke of increasingin economic turbulence witht any sign of future rate cuts. That drew the ire of President Trump, who tweeted, my onlyon queswho is our bigger enemy, jay powell or chairman xi . If that werent enough, he said he was hereby ordering American Companies to seek alternatives to china. I discussed it all with mark zandi, chief economis for moodyalytics. Lets starwith the tariffs themselves. Since we came on air, President Trump has tweeted to say he will increase further the tariffs he has already announced. How much damage is this having on the economy . Mark it is grievous. It is very serious. I think this is the fodder for a Global Economic recession. Thglobal economy already is on the precipice. Struggling to keep its head above water. Asian Central Banks are cutting Interest Rates the Federal Reserve has been cutting rates as well. This is getting to a pnt where it is going to push the global economy, u. S. Economy, into the ditch, into an economic downturn. Seere is no other way to p this. It is going to be very, very tough. Sophie if we look at the course said, we dont need china,t we would be better off without them, and he ordered u. S. Ls multinatioo ditch business with beijing. Our great amecan companies are hereby ordered to immediately look for an alternative to china. The impact of that was instantaneous on the markets. yeah, for good reason. Ct make any sense out of it. It makes no sense. We are tethered at the hip with the chinese economy and the globalisconomy. Thero getting around that. There is no way of disengaging without very serious disruption, which means a lot of lost jobs and lost income ant lost well. Lt wealth. We saw that instantaneously in the stock market, the global stock market. This is just not the right way of approaching this. And to what end . Im really perplexed. Does the president think the chine are going to do the things we want them to do beeruse we are hitting them the head with tariffs . Is is an increasingly serious, this is an increasingly serious, dangerous path we are on. T sophie ms of what he said about jerome powell, he has taken aim at the Federal Reserve tbefore, bu questioning whether the chair is a greater enemy than the chinese president , that is taking things to a whole new level. Mark i cant even i cant fathom i i just dont understand. Look, chair powell is in a very difficult spot. He is trying to respond to what is very bad economic policy, this trade policy. The trade policy is gog every which way, up, down, all around, and he is trying to keep up with it. None of the blame falls on the chair of the Federal Reserve or the Federal Reserve. They are doing their job exactly to script. The president is hoping that the fed will bail them oth, but e kinds of actions, i dont think anything will bail us out. The damage will be very serious. Sophie mark zandi, we must leave itkshere. Thery much indeed for joining us. Mark thank you. Sophie it has been revealed that Supreme CourtJustice Ruth Bader ginsburg has been treated for a cancerous pancreas. Her the 86yearold is believed to have responded well to trement for the she joined americas highest court in 1993 after being aointed by bill clinton. For the past week, thousands of syrian famils have been fleeing a government offensive in the last opposition stronghold of idlib. Hundreds of civilians have been killed after a ceasefire in the area crumbled months ago. With more on the situation and the people still trapped, hereis artin patience. Martin for this young boy, it bu probably an adventure, for his parents, it is a nightmare. After eight years of fighting, syrians are stl running for their lives. This t latest exodus in a brutal conflict that has forced half the country from their homes. Theres no humanity, says this man. It is our doomsday. This is what they are eeing. Syrian and russian jets in the last opposition stronghold of idlib. For months, the syrian army, backed by russia and iran, have been fighting rebels, many of them hardline islamists, like video. E shown in this propaganda the rebels have been pushed outn of a sg of towns and villages. Once full of life, they are now deserted. Buit is the million childr who are caught in the middle. This family are packing whatever they can fit in a trunk bed mattresses, a washing machine from a home they may never return to. Ahmed and his familyre setting in in an olive grove. He has nine kidsuding a twoyearold daughter. Twomonthold daughter. I dont know what will happen in syria. Why are all the other countrs eping silent . All of them are happy with the killing of the syrian people. We seek help from god only. Martin for ahmed and his own family, this might not be the last stop. With the Syrian Government advancing, there are fears of a bloodbath. Martin patience, bbc news, beirut. Sophie w you aching bbc world news america. Still to come on tonights program, when family is more than you imagine the incredible story of a one young woman, two mums, and a spe donor. France is marking 75 years in celebration of paris. Three quarters of th population fled when theccazis took andy the city. Many of the citys Jewish Population were rounded up and deported. Ceremonies will be held to mark the moment when the free french capital after four years ofhe brutal occupation. A new museum will tell the dramatic story of what happened. Reporter a dark symbol of the past, a reminder of paris occupation. Around 7000 items are on display gas masks, pistols, flags. Ontheir leof the war still relevant today. Democracy is something you have to discuss, protect, and take care of. This meum is absolutely necessary for the knowledge. As aled troops leave onwards to paris,ce an annoment from the capital liberated. At news comparison is paris is liberated. Reporter millions took to the streetsth wes all went into the city in august 1944. Museum is built out of a bsiker used by ance leaders during the war. In some ways this is almost like hallowed ground. In fact, there emotional aspect because we tried to tell the story of how deep underground the liberation. Little by little, undercover, the days before this great historic event. Reporter to museum will officially open on sunday and that the date rman soldiers finally surrendered, the day when occupationti became libe. Sophie a young woman from ohio named julia always knew her mum used a sperm donor. But she only recently discovered she has at least 19 siblingstind is counting. Julia has embarked on a journ to meet them all, a process that has led hereto completely fine the idea of family. The bbcs hannah longhiggins story in a newng bbc documentary, my very extended family. My mom is about to meet my dad for the first time. I grew up with two moms, kathleen and betsy. I really dont miss hing a dad, because they completed a dierent area of me. This is the family. [laughter] i always knew i was donorconceived. We were imagining you 18 years from now meeting thi wguy. Ted you to like him. I dont think i ever imagined the could be so many sibli i thought if im lucky i will find one or o. I think we are still trying tod feel arod figure out how we are family. Its completely uncharted teitory. Sophie as i mentioned, hannah longhiggins filmed and edited the story, and i spoke with her a little while ago. Thanks for joining us. Put us in the picture as to what the rules are for pele like julia when they want to track down the donor and their siblings. Hannah it depends on the situation, but in julias case, she grew up knowing th mothers had used a sperm donor, and her mothers intentionally used a known donor program. That means when the child turns 18, they have the option to have the spe bank release their information to other donor offspring and the option to learn the donors identity. When s did turn 18, she chose to find out if there were otherh oue. Sophie she did find out and she went to meet some of them. What happened . Hannah this was a fascinating journey to film and follow along. Julia at one point in the documentary goes to meet up with three of her diblings, a term used to describe a donor sibling, a ty met in a park in upstate new york. They all live in different states, and they flew into this park. Julia had previously met one of the diblings before, his name is george. Thmeother two she had never t. It was really endearing to watch as they connected and hugged and instantly started comparing hand sizes. They have similar shared expenses from growing up as donorconceived children. There was onprofound moment for me to watch as samantha, one of her diblings, a doubleei donorcod person, which means her mother used a donatedc egg and sperm ceive her. This is the first time in her life she ever met a blood relative. Lets take a look. Its like, i dont know, a strange sort of homecoming. It was like someone i shouldg have been huggroughout my childhood but never did. I wish i couldve told younger me about this day. Sophie amazing. What about the sperm dor . How does he fit into this story . Ha his Identification Number is 1317. His name you learn his name in the documentary he had met several of the donor siblings. He did me in the filmulias mother betsy for the first time. Time her biological mom and dad were in the same room at the same time. It wasascinating to see the interaction and watch as betsy, julias mom, and her dad exchange parenting ts, and to watch julia take it all in. It was for her, i think, a pretty surreal experie to hear what he has to say about ite you want to watch the film. Sophie i look forward to doing so thanks so much for coming to. Ll us about hannah thanks for having me. Sophie you can watch the remarkable documtary, my very extended family, on bbc news this weekend. It will be shown on saturday and sunday at times on your screen. S now, few plave experienced the effects of Climate Change quite as intensely as the arctic. In the north tip of norway, warmer temperatures pose a one solution, to mpper forders. New thnologies, may make things worse. Our correspondent james cook jame a chief at the top of the s report world. He herds reindeer like his ancestors before him. But now the chief and his daughter are worried about the future, a copper mine which they say will disrupt their animals and damage the environment. This is lifechanging. Ifbe thimes reality, that makes the chance of survival impossible, economically and mentally. At my age we can managhow, but the young, they are in a dark, dark time. James exploration is already underway. The norwegian government has approv the mine, and the minister in charge says the need for copper outweighs the disruption it will bring. It is true that ttic is beautiful, but for us, for norwegians, it is a place we actually le. If the world doesnt have more copper we wont be able to build more windmills and have the huge shift to electrical cars we need. James the government says mane life here will be protected by strict environmental standards. This is only lfsize james but for the fishermen in the fjord where the debris wille be dum those assurances do not hold water. If they start mining, we cannot eat the crab, if we catch it. I think all the crab will die in this area. James there was a mine here once before, but that was years ago, and it, too, divided opinion. Bthis time, ts argues that his company will revitalize an area that has been struggling economically we estimate that mining itself with people working every day the site, contractor an us, will be 15employees. And then there will bedi onal employees teachers, kindergarten, etc. James but for the reindeer herders, that does not sound like a future full of promise. It is like they are just taking its mining, it is power lines, it is wind power. We are so attached to lands and nature, and when you cut that contact, what is left . Jame the fight for this landhe and this fjord may be a case foh is to come for all of us, as the world realizes that shifng to new technology to tackle Climate Change does come with a cost. James ok, bbc news, norway. Sophie i am sophie long. Thanks for watching world news america. Announcer funding for this presentation is made possible by. The freeman foundation; by judy and peter blumkovler foundation, pursuing sns for americas neglected needs; and by contributions to this pbs station viewers like you. Thank you. Announcer now you can access more of your favorite pbs shows than ever before. Ths the future with pbs passport, a member benefit that ls you binge many of the latest shows and catch up on your favorites. We really are living in the modern world. Any time you want. Man wow how about that . Anywhere yre. Nothing like this in the world. Announcer support your pbs station and get passport, your tto the best of pbs. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc woodruff good evening. Im judy woodruff. On the newshour tonigh tariffs, tweets and turmoil. President trumps threats to ngchina sends markets tumb as the embattled chair of the Federal Reserve warns that trade tensions could weaken the economy. Then, black skies over bzil. Accusations, international outrage, and calls for actn, as the amazon burns. And, from anecdote to analysis. Getting to the bottom of how u. S. Foreign aid actually works, to help lift people out of extreme poverty. I was really struck by how little they knew about whether they were generating an impact. And there really was just nothing resembling evidence and data that was being used to inform these kinds of decisions. W