Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by babbel. A language app that teaches reallife conversations in a new language, german, italian, and more. Babbels 1015 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. More information on babbel. Com. And by the alfred p. Sloan foundation. Supporting science, technology, and improved Economic Performance and Financial Literacy in the 21st century. Carnegie corporation of new york. Supporting innovations in education, democratic engageme of International Peace and security. At carnegie. Org. Su and with the ongoinort of these institutions and individuals. This program was madeth possible bcorporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff the School Shooting in florida, and its aftermath, have dominated this day. The Broward CountySheriffs Office now says the teenaged suspect confessed to the attack. That word came as a city grieved for its losses. Po er steve mort with feature story news begins our coverage. Reporter for parkland, florida, its a date never to be rgotten when a routine school day turned into terror. I think, i thank god for watching over me yesterday to make sure i was on the opposite side of the building that my friends were okay, but i st find out this morning that two of my other friends passed away and immedte heartbroken eporter some held a prayer vigil today to mourn the 17 killed at Marjory Stoneman douglas high school. The suspect, 19yearold nikolas cruz, appeared in court in fort d uderdale. He was ordered hthout bond on 17 counts of premeditated murder, as investigators kept working the case. Wwill do everything we ca to make sure hes convicted of all charges, justice served. Reporter police say cruz assault began at 2 30 in thern aften, almost the end of the school day. Gunfire echoed through the building, as students huddled in their classrooms, an agonizing wait before armed police burst in to rescue them. They streamed out of the school, hands in the air, whilewo emergencers rushed to treat the wounded. Luckier students had tearful reunions with rents and friends. I feel like im in a dream, like i dont believe this is real. Theres no way to describe what happened. Mo reporter the dead douglas high football coach aaron feis. Sheriff scott israel says feis responded immediately to the shooter and may have prevented an even worse tragedy. I dont know how many adults was a phenomenal man. Died protecting others, thats who aaron feis was. Repter investigators descended today on the home of the suspect, a picture already emerging oa deeply troubled young man. A former student a school, cruz was expelled for disciplinary reasons. The sheriff reported very disturbing posts by cruz on social media, including one lass fall in which posedly said im going to be a professional school shooter. But none of this helps restore rkland. Y to instead, it now finds itself another shaken community making its best attempt to recover. And, as people absorb the latest in an unending string of shootings, many are asking where the carnage will e. David hogg was barricaded in a classroom while the shooter opened fire. We can say all these great things about, condolences and yosaying were so sorry fo loss is obviously important. But what we need at this point is not to say that any moreh because there ouldnt be any more children that die. We need to take action. Reporter in wash, President Trump said he will go to parkland to visit with victims and tackle the difficult issue of mental health. To every parent, teacher and wild who is hurting so badly, we are here for yotever you need, whatever we can do to ea your pain. Eporter the president made no mention of gun control. But democrats unded new calls for action on guns. Congressman ke thompson, chair of the House Gun Violence Prevention Task force. Theres been 80chool shootings since this president was inaugurated. This is a crisis. Theres not a parent or grandparent in the United States of america who doesnt feel oconcerned about the safe their children or their grandchildren. Reporter but majority republicans, including florida senator marco rubio, say stricter laws would not deter someone determined to murder. If someones deded, im going to commit this crime, theyll find a way to get the gun to do it. That doesnt mean you shldnt have a law that makes it harder. It just means understand to be honest it isnt going to stop this from happening. Reporter police say cruz used a semiautomatic a. R. 15. Its the same model used in last years las vegas massacre, and in the 2016 pulse nightclub shooting. Woodruff i spoke to steve mort a short time ago, as we get new information fromth ities. Repter more details coming out from Law Enforcement officials here at a press conference just a short time ago here inarkland, florida. We understand that the suspect nikolas cruz did confess to carrying out this shooting rampage at the high school here and he gave Law Enforcement officials inme details dur his questioning. One of the things he said that he did was he brought extra ammunition with him to theu school so he cld carry on the shooting with his ar15 rifle once he was out of ammunition, he brought more. He stored in a backpack at the school so he would have access to it. So information there on exactly how he planned to carry out the attack, he said he started shooting people on the ground and inside the school itself. We got a timeline on how things pafolded. Ntly he took an uber to the school at about off6 minutes past 2 00 p. M. , finally arriving the school at 2 19 p. M. , which is when he entered the stairwell of the school and began shootingnd arou 2 21 p. M. So the time line pretty much around what Law Enforcement officials have been telling us since the be winning, buthave been getting more details on what he did after the shoapotin. Rently he went to a nearby walmart where he ordered food. He went to a subway and ordered a mcdonalds meal. D so chillintails that give a picture of the person who carr d outis premeditated attack. Woodruff and, steve, youve also been talking to parents and stud yes, ive spent the day talking to several students and their parents here. As you can imgine, its been a very traumatic time for them. I spoke to one mother whose daughter had been in a classroom where her geography teacher h been shot. She saw the geography teacher oh the floot and killed. She thought she heard somebody saying help me, help me. The teacher went to the door to close it and thats when she saw the teacher shot. The mother was sending text t messagher daughter at the time to keep her calm. I spoke to another stueydent, kealso in that classroom, who said she was sheltering in a cupboard with her friends. The shooter didnt enter the classroom to her friends were okay in the end. She said the s. W. A. T. Team atgo the school them out very quickly. They toweled them to leave the exit the school, not to look around them, not to look at anything that was going on, just keep theirands above their head and leave the school as quickly as they could. Woodruff so many disturb degree tails emerging fromis terrible tragedy. Steve mort joining us from lakeland, florida, tevnk you, in the days other news, the u. S. Senate tried and failed to move on immigration. Four bills fell short 60 votes needed to advance, but a bipartisan compromise came closest. It offered eventual nship to 1. 8 million young people heod been protected under daca program, but it slowed the pace of funding for a border wall. President trump threatened a veto, and democrats, including minority leader chucamschumer, him for the stalemate. Wh there is only one reaso the senate will be unable to reach a bipartisan solution to daca, President Trump. President trump creais problem terminating daca last august. Since then, President Trump has stood in the way of every single proposal that could have been law. Woodruff the bill backed by mr. Trump garnered the least support. It, too, offered possible citizenship for da recipients, plus more immediate funding for a border wall and limits on legal immigration. Majority leader Mitch Mcconnell blamed democrats. Woodruff todays failure puts the immigration issue on ice for the moment. Both the house and senate areee out all next the republican chair of the Senate Judiciary committee has onde a rare rebuke of attorney general jeff sesover criminal justice reform. Sessions had slammed a bipartisan bill to reduce jail terms for nonviolent offenders. Iowa senator Chuck Grassley c rejected tticism, accused sessions and the white house of meddling in the legislativean processaid sessions should have resigned from his job. In south africa, a new president took office today after the Ruling African National congress ousted jacob zuma over longstanding corruption scandals. Lindsey hilsum, of independent television news, reports from cape town. Cyril ramaphosa swear that i will be faithful to the republic of south africa. Reporter south africas new president was sworn in after 24 hours of high political drama. Ladies and gentlemen reporter last night, former president jacob zuma seemed jovial as he addressed the nation. Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. Why do you look serious . You cant even say good evening eporter there was no reason for him to resign, he said. But then he did anway. I have, therefore, come to t the decisi resign as president of the republic with immediate effect. Reporter in the South African Parliament this morning they sang is a ma ge as they prepared to elect cyril ramaphosa. So can we have order . Reporter the rad Freedom Fighters staged a walkout because they want general elections nothe coronation of a new anc chief. But among otr opposition parties, there was tremendous good will to mr. Ramaphosa. We wholeheartedly support the nomination, mr. President. Reporter he acknowledged the problem the country faces. Issues of corruption, issues of how to straighten out ou Stateowned Enterprises and we dealreith state capture issues on our rad scre singing rorter outside parliament, anc supporters were jubilant, after nearly a decade oforruption and mismanagement, president ramy hosa, thehope, will restore their partys pride and the countrys economic portunes. Woodruff that t from l woodruff that report from Lindsey Hilsum of independent n televisis. The president of turkey and thes u. S. Op diplomat met today, amid tensions over the syria conflict. Ta secretary ofte Rex Tillerson arrived in ankara for talks with president recep tayyip erdogan. Turkey has demanded the u. S. Stop supportinkurdish fighters in syria. Last month, the turks launched an air and ground offensive against kurds in northwest syria. The ited states and britain publicly accused russia today of carrying o a crippling cyber attack last summer. It initially foced on ukraine, but spread worldwide. The white house says idid billions of dollars of damage. Moscow denied the accusation today, and said it was part of a russophobic campaign by western nations. On wall street, stocks rallied for the fifth day in a row, led by tech stocks. The Dow Jones Industrial average gained nearly 307 points to close at 25,200. The nasdaq rose 112 points, and the s p 500 added 32. And, finally, highlights from day six the Winter Olympics in south korea. 22yearold american Skier Mikaela Shiffrin won gold in the giant slalom. Shes going for as many as four gold medals at the games. And, norwegian aksel lund llindal won the mens down at 35, hes the oldest Gold Medalist in alpine skiing, ever. Still to come on the newshour k what hast the United States from making meaningful change after Mass Shootings . How some people of col systematically refused home loans. Making sense of a quirky Art Collective in sante fe, and much more. Woodruff the tragic shooting in florida has set into motion e familiar p shock and grief give way to calls for somi reions on the supply or sale of high powered weapons used in nearly all these mass killings. As William Brangham reports, that pattern has been playing out for years and, at least in congress, usually has the same result. This was clearly the most devastating and trautic scene ive been associated with. I hope never to see it again. Brangham the collective National Response to Mass Shootings began before 1999, but it was on clear display after the shooting at columbine high school, where two students used semiautomatic weapons to kill 13 and wound 24 others. First, in the shock and grief, leaders express sorrow to the people of the community of littleton, i can only say tonight that the prayers of the American People are with you. Brangham and then the next month, congress debated sweeping gun control legislation in reonse, including a bill requiring background checks be performed at gun shows, like those where the columbine kills got their guns. That legislation stalled in the house of representatives. Laura and i have come to tsblacksburg today with he full of sorrow. This is a day of mourning for the Virginia Tech community. Brangham in 2007, a student with a history of mentalllness used semiautomatic handguns to tkill 32 people at virginh. This time, some things did change afterwards, president george w. Bush signed a sixyear old bill into law strengthening background checks, making it harder for dangeusly mentally ill people to buy guns. But according to many, determining who belongs in that database, and getting all agencies to mply has severely mpered its effectiveness all of us continue to grieve and mourn the tragic attack. Brangham in 2011, after congresswoman Gabby Giffords was , ot, and six others were killed in tucson, arizoere were widespread calls for reform, especially to curtail the sale of highcapacity magazines like those used by the shooter. Bu none of the legislation introduced after tucson ever came up for a full vote. The same thing occurred a year later, when 12 people were killed and 70 more wounded in a Movie Theater in aurora colorado, renewed calls for gunt control and Health Screening went unanswered. Brangham when 20 first graders and six teachet were killedndy Hook Elementary School in connecticut in 2012, gun control advocates felt the nations horror and outrage would be enough for some bipartisan consensus. A perfectly reasonable place that stands out for both sides a ee is to make it harder tr criminals and dangerously mentally ill peop observe take weapons. Brangham against stiff opposition from the n. R. A. , legislation was introduced to limit certain assault rifles and high capacity magazines, like those used by the sandy hook killer, as well as requiringgr band checks for all gun purchases. All in all, this was a pretth eful today in washington. Brangham the senate defeatel or blocked the similarly, there was no federal action after 14 people were killed and 21 injured in san bernardino, californian 2015, nor the next year later when 49 people were murdered at the pulse nightclub in orldo, florida. Were calling on the leadship of the house to bri common sense gun control legislation to the house floor. Give us a vote brangham and then last october, the nations worst modernday mass shooti at a Country Music festival in las vegas. 58 people were killed and hundreds more wounded by a single gunman. The killer used whats known as a bumpstock to makeemi automatic rifles shoot faster, rd initially there was bipartisan talk ulating them. Prohibition, this ban on bump stocks should be codified. Brangham ten months later, no legislation regarump stocks has passed congress. Brangham now, in the wake of yet another mass shooting, this pattern has begun again. Our entire nation, with one heavy heart, is praying for the victims and their families. Brangham for the p newshour, im William Brangham. Woodruff given this tragic pattern, one could throw up their hands and think there is nothing to do. But we have to believe for the sake of our children trore is a way gh this. How do we think about it . Mi to e that question, we turn now to Daniel Webster, director of the Johns Hopkins centeror gun policy and thsearch. Katherine newman, of the book rampage the social roots of School Shootings, and a professor of sociology at the university of massachusetts. Robert draper, writeratlarge for the n york times magazine. He has studied the history of the n. R. A. And kristina anderson. S 19 years old when she was wounded in the Virginia Tech shooting rampage in 2007 and has since founded an organization caored the Koshka Foundation safe schools. And we welcome all of you to the ogram. I think we all agree we dont accept the idea that we can just give up we have to keep trying to solve this to ke it leskely that these terrible shootings i want to ask each one of you starting with you, katherine onwman. What iway we should be thinking about this right now that could possibly move us forward . Eng we have to understand i think we have to understand these sho potings areanned often long inned a vans and that eae shooters usually leave a trail of thr or suggestions about what theyre going to do. We need to make it easier fo people who hear those threats to come forward to people who can make a difference, to adults in their environment, to police in their envi rronment. It warkable to me in the research i did how much information was actually available, so much s some instances, kids did not come to school on the day when those cootingsurred, but no adult was ever informed. Understanding what retards kids from coming through with information and getting it to the right sour is an important task, and i do think there is t. Mething we can do about tha woodruff so if that is one way to think about this, danteil we what would you say . Well, i would sayhat the United States is unique not with toect to troubled youth, its unique with respecour inability to address easy accesm to fir it can seem as though thats impossible ia country witho many firearms, but there are reasonable measures. You focus on appropriate l standards fogal gun ownership, and ihink what was particularly relevant in this case is and in many other cases that lead to mass e ootings, and that includes domestic viole there are warning signs as dr. Newman suggested, and there are new legal tools, new laws called extreme Risk Protection orders that work very similar to the way a court does with domestic violen restraining rers where evidence is examined and judgesnd Law Enforcement can act swiftly to protect individuals lives, when someone ismassing firrms and planning something very didrolical. Wf so taking preventative action in the moment. Kristina anderson, as someone who is a victiyourself of the shooting at Virginia Tech, you spend a lot of time working on this on a regular basis. What would you suggest we think about now. I would eo the feelings of the importance of prevention and look at how we holistically embody the values of security and safety and culture throughout the entire com adding on to katherines point, how do we educate and prepare and train the sta ofhese institutions from the janitors, the bus drivers to the teachers . We have the campaigns of see something, say something, but more acceptance that its okay to speak upnd make sure they understand what their options are for reporting, what thep cess looks like, if theres a formal Threat Assessment Team in place to monitor and kind of look at that individual of concern, and then long term looking at recovery and howcao we tak of our communities because, in this case, inar particwere going to have the students that were injured but also those in the buildingh that heard gunfire, you dont have to be physically injured to be impacted by this event. Woodruff no question about it. Robert draper, youve spent a lot of tie thinking about another aspect of this that gets raised and often shoved aside because people sa its not time to talk about it, but its the availability of guns. Dael webster just mentione it. Why has it been so hard to do anything about th extraordinary access to guns . It can be summarized in one word, the n. R. A. , the National Rifle association is the most powerful lobbying association in america,ot powerful just because to have the money and the membership, but the quality of the membership which is to say they make their opinions heard and count. More quantifiablely, i think, than any other organization in america, attested to by the fact that the last time we saw any major legislative effort mounted to control guns, any kind of gun safety law was almost exactly five years ago this time in the wake of the newtownot shog. There have been numerous such shootings since then and no political will whatsoever to seek a legislative remedy, and that is clearly because to hav efforts by the because of tho s by the n. R. A. That made it clear to reublicans they would pay a high price if they sign on to such legislation. Woodruff i asked you if youould be very specific on when you move on someone who man be thng about doing something terrible . Yes, and the restrictions with respect to firearms do not need to be life long. Sometimes these risks are reall, acnd its been more acceptable and we have Research Evidence to show in the case of restraining rders Domestic Violence that remove fireas and have firearms restrictions, it leads to fewer homicides. Weve demonstrated that in several studies. So i think this policy is simply an extension of that same concept of recognizing at a point in time thes danger, ready access to lethal weapons makes that something you have to act on. Woodruff and katherine hewman, what youre telling us is that a lot ofs is going to depend on others speaking up whhave some rean to believe theres a reason to be really concerned about somebody. Thats exactly right because we need the information in advance. And there are ways we can encourage that to happen. In high hoolsere kids may feel theyre going to pay a social price for being identified as teachers pets or tattle tales, having trusted adultsike School Resource officers in the area, in the cafeteria, people wh to know the kids, so they can come forward to someone who doesnt appear to be coected to the schools Disciplinary Authority system. We found students in High School Re very able to do that and felt more comfortable with that because they thought that the School Resource officers would take this seriously, would investigate quietly and wou take action where it was warranted because, we must remember, ne times out of ten the threats they hear will not mean anything, they will idle. But the one time out of ten it matters, theneyed someone to come forward to they feel comfortable doing so with. Woodruff kristina anderson, how do you get the word to the young people . Every child wants their parent to believe theyre going to be safe. Of how do you get someone to speak up and to go to an adult . I think you begin by havingn really candid rsations that can begin at the dinner table in your own home to relay to the teacher in the classroom to have sometimes uncfortable discussions and meeting them in a way ty feel comfortable. A lot of schools use tip lines, web based tools. Some use paper surveys that say who do you think in the school needs attention or is being bullied and slide it under someones desk. There are ways someone can feel empowered if they feel their identity is protected and they dont feel they have to come forward initially and if they feel they will be heard and taken seriously and given feedback to what the threat may be. The one thing, when you have the gut fee. Ling, speak my experience with Law Enforcement, they would raher respond to a thousand red nirrings that are nothing to one event like a virtech. So often its partnerships, knowing there is multiple people one can go to before the police officer, and a resource officer is a great candidate as well. Woodruff robert draper, the gun question that is being a raised, alread the folks who have been advocating for gun control measures been going about it the right way . Is it the approach thats been a problem . How doou look at it . Well, lets be clear, its not the main problem, but it is a problem, th real problem, frankly, lesides with the republicans who have shown nothing in the way of political will to address this problem,he evenit happens in their idn state, and we have in the white house a pret who understands his Political Base all too well that consists of evangelicals and gun owners and he is loathe to cross them. Ut its true what youre suggesting, judat i think proponents of gun safety legislation need to be careful and not fall into a trap thats arguably laid for them by the gun lobby by overstepping and proposing relationship that would not be a remedy for this particular instance. In this particular case the alleged Florida Shooter purchased an ar15 legally. Closing background checks wouldnt have done anything to remediate that. N soe wake of this, if people are to propose legislation that reall nothing to do with the particular crisis at hand, it will lead gun groups to say, see, they are obviously using this as an excuse to take away our Second Amendment rights. Woodruff which is the argument we hear. Daniel webster, we go back to what hppened in las vegas, bump restocks, the device to ie the capacity of a gun, and yet nothing was done there. Well, it is very frustrating and i thi its exactly forthe reasons just expressed of why we have been spinning our wheels. I think there is some action at some statlevels, and i do think that part of this is putting together something that makes sense and has evidence t. Hind i think one thing not being discussed in this particular case is you have a 19yearold or actually ie beli purchased the ar15 as an 18yearold dont allow 20yearolds to buy a beer, but we allow 18yearolds to buy as many semiautomatic weapons and as much ammo as they would like. I think something is wrong with the picture and that should be part o the diussion. Woodruff im going ask each one of you, just so we can begin to think in way that could possibly be productive here, what is one thing that you think could be done in the short term to begin to address this . And m going to comback to you, katherine newman. Would eable more School Resource officers. Often sadly the first thing to be cu in audget slash. I would enable those School Resource officers to remain on the job because they are the people jung folks will feel comfortable turning to to deliver the information we need to prevent these shootings. Woodruff kristina anderson. I would ask that school boards, school prithcipals take time to create written all hazards emergency sponse type plans for all threats whether a firearm, truck, knife, whatever it might be, and make sure they are practiced diligently and th local law enforcemen throughout the year. Woodruff Daniel Webster off . I would say extreme risk otection orders to allow court action to remove firearms when someone clearly has a lot of signals they are plasonning thing very dangerous. That is a type of policy that extends well beyond the schoo. Cause if this young man didnt shoot up a school, what else would he have shot up . So the issue really is you have somebody with reay malintent and youre aowing them to amass firearms. Unless politicians are persuaded there a cost by not supporting gun safety legislation they wont do anything, so ithink its going to require outside groups shaming politicians, particularly those communities afcted by such tragedies. The newtown parents got involved. Its the chalosest w seen to legislative remedies, and i would expect that thats probably going to be the best way for poltotician understand the emotional power of sucve legislaemedies. Woodruff and i heard a mother in florida today looki at a camera and saying to washington, youve got to stop these guns from getting into thd of these children. Thank you the four of you, robert draper, Daniel Webster, therine newman and kristina anderson. Thank you. Woodruff its been ten yearh sinceconomic recession, and credit has slowly returned for most americans. By 2016, the number of conventional mortgages rose 95 since the housing bust. Yet some americans are being left behind. The gap between white and black homeownership is wider now than it was in 1960. Tonight, the first of a twopart series, results of a yearlong investigation from the center for investigative reporting. As reveals aaron glantz reports, black and lato home buyers in some cities seem to have a harder time getting a Home Mortgage. D reporter brooklyn native Rachelle Faroul mo philadelphia in 2015 hoping to buy a home here. She made a gooincome as a Computer Programmer and had enough for a down payment. Te her ial lender, philadelphia Mortgage Advisors,g was encog at first. But the lender worried, her income could be unstable since she was a contractor. So faroul suggested her moer cosign. Because she is a retired school teacher, specifically she worked in new york city for 35 years, her pension is great reporter but faroul was told, that wasnt enough to offset her mothers phd student loan debt. I got shot down left and right. Reporter lenders look for applicants with debt payments roughly 36 or less of their income. L so fart a new job with the university of pennsylvania withn a salary allher to afford the twostory row house she found a short walk from the university. Dl i wanted this really reporter but that still wasnt enough. Ed when she appor a loan again, this time with santander bank, they also rejected her. Her cred score had plunged 50 points because of a single delinquent electric bill. Ite paid the bill as soon as santander flagged but the bank still said no. Ta faroul sed to suspect this had to do with her race. You know, black peorye in this couave to be twice as good to get half as much. And i couldnt even get half, you know. They wouldnt give me anything. Reporter turning faroul down because of her race would be illegal. Its been illegal for 50 years. T fair housing for all s country is now a part of theay americanf life. Reporter the 1968 Fair Housing Act was a response to redlining, a racist lending practice where the federal govement colored minority neighborhoods red on maps, labeling them hazardous to lend in. In 1977, president carter went further with the Community Reinvestment act requiring banks to lend to qualified borrowers in lowincome communities inci es where they had branches. But these laws have not solved the problem. Th afte2008 recession, banks tightened their lending standards. Te ten years while lending ows returned for many americans, reveals analysis what looks like modernday redlining is showing up across the country. We have places like washington, d. C. , places like lsa oklahoma, santa fe n mexico. These are the places where theye are ikely to be denied because of who they are. Reporter nearly 50 years after the Fair Housing Act, data reporter Emmanuel Martinez found some significant racial disparities. Ne we looked aly 31 million mortgage records, so it was nearly every ln application filed with the 6. Vernment in 2015 and 201 in 61 metros across the country, applicants of color are more likely to be denied a conventional mortgage. Reporter banks dont share Credit Scores they riy that is prary. But by using other information the government requires be disclosed, reveal found statistically significant differences by race. My analysis includes nine different factors among themre the applicants income, the size of the loan, and specific information about the neighborhood that they are looking to buy in. Here we have the likelihood of denial, so black applicants ph adelphia are almost three times as likely to be denied a conventional mortgage. Or rr reveal found this pattern in dozens of cities. Philadelphia was one of the la test. That meat a black applicant and a white one with similar financial profiles will likely have very different outcomes. This wasnt true for just for one bank, but r lending industry as a whole. The Mortgage Bankers association wouldnt go on camera for this story, but in a statement, it said thathe Data Available under the Home Mortgage disclosure act is not sufficiena to ma determination regarding fair lenthng. Anamerican Bankers Association that without access to a browers Credit History the data cannot paint a complete picture. Unfortunately, credit score and an applicants total debt to income rio arent part of this publicly available data set, but its those same financial edstitutions that have lob from keeping it away from researchers, froacademics, from journalists like me, who want to study those disparities. I believe that we are better off having more information released in aggregaton credit scoring and those folks who get loans to make surehat there is no discrimination. Reporter republican senator tim scott of South Carolina says releasing that data would make the industry more transparent. Ou but itnt solve a different problem he says Credit Scores penalize people of color. Hes introduced bill to fix at. So what were trying to do is bring to light all those folks who are paying those bn time and yet its not showing up on their Credit Scores. Your electric bill, unless youre doing something bad y doesnt show ur cell phone bill unless you do something bad doesnt show up. People of color are typically the folks that will be disproportionately impacted. Reporter in almost every city in amera, african amricans and latinos were denied home loans at higher rates than whites. Ld not statistically prove a relationship between race and denial in many, but in 61, including philadelphia, our analysis found racdid play a role. Neighborhoods with verthfew loans hahighest proportion of black and latino residents. You see there are Beautiful Homes up here and people work very hard to maintain their properties. Reporter Angela Mciver heads the Fair Housing Association of southeastern pennsylvania. In the era of redlining, the government shaded this neighborhood, germantown, blue and green, marking it as a desirable area to lend in. Over the decades, e demographics shifted from white to black. Today, banks deny more loans here than they approve. Mean you come out here, right, you see beautiful stone facades. You see garden patios, you see all of the trappings of middle class life. Banks are just mia. Itlike a Glass Ceiling but okay, well allow you to go this far but then you hit the top of you know the ceiling youre not going to go any further. And thats upsetting to me. Reporter after Rachelle Faroul began to wonder if race factored into her loan denial, she decided to use a new strategy. In order to be a be considered a good applicant, i needed to have a white person or someone whos whiteadjacent vouch for me. Reporter this ti, she asked her girlfriend, hanako franz, who is halfwhite and lfjapanese, to apply with her. Franz was working parttime at a grocery store. M one of hert recent biweekly paychecks was 162. And at the time, your finaial situation was unstable. Oh, yeah, it was terrible. Oh it was terrible. I was borrowing money from my sister, rachelle paid my Health Insurance at point because i t. Didnt have money to pay reporter but for santander bank, the final lender faroul tried, none of that seo matter. Franz had a good credit score. And once she came on board, it all went smoothly, even though franz couldnt provide proof of a stable work hiory. They were like, we need two years ,and i was just like, i cant give that th you. And ey were like, all right, well move forward. Reporter we reached out to the two places that faroul proached for loans. Santander says that while they sympathize with faroul, her loan application was managed fairly. Philadelphia Mortgage Advisors declined to comment specifically on farouls loan application. Both comnies say they are committed to fair lending and adhering to existing laws. The treasury departments comptroller of the currency is charged with ensuring Major National banks follow the Community Reinvestment act. Tom curry held that job for five years under president obama and conducted more than 1,600 Community Lending reviews on nks. Nearly every one, 99 , got a satisfactory or outstanding rang how can eryone be getting this satisfactory rating . I think you have to look at each individual bank air individual record to see how well theyre serving the communities. Reporter but curry wouldnt discuss any individual banks or their records with us. Since stepping down as comptroller, hes been working at a law firm advie ng some of thme banks he regulated. He sayrehe still wants make banks are lending responsibly. You have an obligation to lend in low to moderate income communities, but you have to do it in a safe in sound manner. Reporter mobile alabama ocala, florida greenville North Carolina vallejo, california columbia, South Carolina all of these cities where our Statistical Analysis shows the reason youd be denied for a loan is the color of your skin. I think that the results from your studies are unacceptable from the standpoint of what we want as a nation and to make sure that everyone shares in economic prosperity. Reporter we also shared reveals analysis with sen or weve made a lot of progress in lending, but theres still a long way. Reporter faroul and franz closed on their house within a few weeks of applying. Last winter, they both started moving into their new home. E t with the good news, th a reminder of the barriers faroul faced. I have a hard time telling people that we bought a hous because their response is always congratulations. This is noy. T a feel good st and the whole point about this is that there is hidden privilege and hidden discrimination, you know, that still exists and makes peoples lives harder every single day. Reporter faroul says that her biggest fear is ears from now, shell look around and be the only black person left on the block. Hofor pbs ne, this is aaron glantz in philadelphia. Woodruff tomorrow, our series with reveal continues with a report on how the gentrification of neighborhoods is making it difficult for some kengtime residents to ut home equity loans. Last month, economics correspondent paul solman took uo,s to new mexhere state and local officials are betting on entrepreneurship to fashionmi an ecocomeback. Tonight, a short followup fromh the land of tment, for a venture unlike anything paul has seen before. Its part of his weeklies, making sense. Icosporter new m economy tumbled head over heels during the crash of 08, and has pretty much frozen for the decade since it hit bottom. O, this is the house of eternal return. Reporter return on investment . Well, maybe. Hello, welcome to our house reporter and may even a small step towards the return of the new mexico economy, sa vince kadloobek so, it melted or something. Yes. Reporter if, that is, this mystery funhouse filled with portals to other time space dimensions should realize its sibition of becoming the next big thing in immer entertainment, following the lead of the rain room at new yorks museum of modern art, say, torontos lost and found escape room, or the crystal universe in singapore. It perfectly expresses the type of artwork that is becoming wildly popular around the country. Instead of walking up to a painting, you actually let audiences walk inside of the painting. Reporter but here in santa fe, its immersion, with a plot. Opened in march of 2016, the house of eternal return is already a business sensation. It needed 125,000 paying customers at up to 20 a pop to break even on operating expenses in year one. Instead, it drew 400,000, taking in nearly 7 million, its profits alone covering most of the original investment. Were in the closet. Reporter the paying visitors are the sleuths, scanning notes and diaries scattered midst the maze. Her right through the fireplace. Reporter were going through the fireplac thank god i play tennis all the time. Reporter which leads to the skeleton of a musical mastodon. But can this technonetherwod really do anything to revive a state like new mexico, whose economy keeps losing its best and brightest to the coasts . Well, here are jobs robots cant compete with a hippie artist collective called meow wolf that became a business, convinced game of thrones creator george r. R. Martin to buy a defunct Bowling Alley and lease it to them, and converted it into well something hard to describe or sometimes, even to see. This is the laser harp. And this is the sort oethereal zone that is between life and death. Reporter theres no map, no g. P. S. , just room after room of you figure it out fantasy. Heres that aquarium you saw when you were inside the house. D now youre inside of it. Reporter this is like Virtual Reality except its actual reality. Ig r. Its virtually actual reality. Reporter this is artworkft designed and c by more than 150 artists, many of them millennials like the 35year old c. E. O. , who started off as an artist himself, switched toke deal i learned some basic business aspects, and i figured out what debt meant. T reporter dt come as a shock . It was amazing to me. Like, i grew up thinking that debt was this big, evil thing. Our whole generation does. Itsike, you fall into debt, and you spend the rest of your life trying to get out of it, and stay away from debt. Eband when i realized what actually was, that somebody was willing to ld me money to build something incredible, that would end up paying them back plus a little bit of a return, and i crunched the numbers, i was like, oh, yeah, this makes total sense. Te me to the galactic center, whoo reporter so they borrowed 1. 5 million dollars, have created about 200 jobs so far, and promised to more than doub that in the next three years. So what does an artist make here . We have an entry level, just graduated from high school, 19 yearold artist whos making 50,000 with full healthcare benefits. And then we have fabricators and designers making upwards to 0 or 80,000 salary, wit full benefits. Hi reporter is double that if it were in a major urban area, right . I mean, because of costs here . I would say t 7t these wages, 000 80,000 in santa fe are some of the sweetest that youll find, yeah. Reporter plus stock in the company meow wolf has become. With more jobs opening up, in a newlyquired former caterpillar assembly plant, for example to create future exhibits finally, theres the gift shop, featuring predtable items, and notsopredictable, like the experience tube. John feins, meow wolfs marketing director. It is a chance for people too actually talach other, the original social media, no distractions, no cell phones, just t people. Reporter add up all the revenues, says the c. E. O. , and. Weve discovered a Business Model that is 5060 net profit. Reporter if you take in 10 million, youre earning. Five to six, on top of it. After all expenses. Reporter so whos the lucky investor who get the payoff . We arwithholding our profits, we are reinvesting em, so that we can build Something Like this three or four times the size in major cities around the country. Reporter so i put the question to a pair of visiting outoftowners. Would it work in san diego . I think it would. Reporter and athens . I think it would work in athens. Yes, or atlanta, yes, i think. Reporter and while meow wolf nt exactly amazon, looking to locate a second headquarters, kadloobek says hereceived some sweet offers. We had other cities around the country knocking on the door and saying, not only build one of these in our city, but we want your entire company to move. R reporhe house of Eternal Returns dark story ends in the infinity spa, where the c. E. O. Summed up the mission. Break dn some paradigms, you know, bust through some new dimensions, and into a whole different way of thinking about what the state can be and what economy can be in the state. Reporter immersive art as economic engine, breaking down some paradigms to create jobs. Okay, a few hundred are a drop in the bucket. But, hey, think cirque de soleil or disney. They too started out small and weird. Which is what provoked me to sign off this story from inside my favorite item in the gift store. For the pbs newshour, this is economics correspondent paul solman reporting from meow wolfs experience tube in santa fe, new mexico. Woodruff we close tonight with some voices from parkland, florida. In the immediate aftermath of yesterdays tragedy, high scol theres no way this is really happening. An its par its douglas. This doesnt happen here, and then maybe a couple minuteso later, i startalize, wow, this is actually happening, like this is really real life. This is happening right no right here. It would never be something. That i expected in my li douglas is one of the safest schools and they make sure that you safe on campus. I would have never expected it to happen. Boom, boom, boom, boots i heard guns i thought it was firecrackers. But after i heard the lake shot i was h, no, im out i was just like what the heck was that . That cant be anything other than a gunarot. So, i std running. I am not about to be shot. Grabbed the fire extinguisher and two pieces to by four and a chair and if he did come in the room we were sting to try to him with everything that we had. Corner and we decided to push all the desks against every door in the classroom. My classroom sadly had thrha doors so we to move all the desks around. Eir phones, a lot on theirds on phones, just trying to snapchat iterything because they thought it was a joke anasnt. Theres kids freaking out students freaking out, teachers, it sucked. In a group chat i heard people saying this guy and this girl they got shot, i was justg talk them and now theyre in the hospital, maybe dead. Its crazy that this happened. We leave you with live video of a candlelight vigil underway now in parkland. And thats the newshour for tonight. Im judy woodruff. Erjoin us online and again tomorrow evening. For all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and see you soon. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by babbel. A language app that teaches reallife conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. Babbels 1015 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. Ma more infon on babbel. Com. And with the ongoing support of these institutions this program was made porible by the Corporation Public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org eduardo tonight on history detectives in plain sight. Laying fi that soldiers family so we can give the diary to them. Py would you be h or sad that you had a bootlegger in your family . Oh, my god. Woof spectacular indian productions coming. What were they being paid for and were they treated fairly . Elvis costello watchin the detectives i get so angry when the teardrops start but he cant be wounded ause hes got no heart watchin e detectives its just like watch the detectives tukufu nding for tonights presentationentation of history detectives was provided by. And by contribpbions to your station