Transcripts For KQED PBS NewsHour 20180210

Feel like appalshop has proven that other things can happen here. Wngdruff all that, includi mark shields and david brooks, on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsfthe engine that connects us. Consumer cellular understands that not Everyone Needs an uslimited wireless plan. Our u. S. Based cmer service reps can help you choose a plan based on how much you ur phone, nothing more, nothing less. To learn more, go to consumercellular. Tv babbel. A language app that teaches reallife conversations in a new language. The ford foundation. Working with visionaries on the frontlines of social change worldwide. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and friends of the newshour. This program was madess le by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff wall streets worst week in two years is finally over. Stocks endured another day of sharp swings, but ralld in the end. The Dow Jones Industrial average gained 330oints to close at 24,190. The nasdaq rose e points, and p 500 was up 38. All three indexes wen 5 , for the week, thats the most since early 2016. The federal government opened for businessoday after a budget deal ended a brief overnight shutdown, the second in three weeks. It happened when republican senator rand paul stalled a vote on a 400 billion spending bill, to protest speing hikes. The senate and house finally approved the deal early this morning, even as supporters and opponents argued over the effects. This twoyear budget agreement begins to repair our military, and frees our Armed Services from the harmful c spendis and the devastating practice of funding our troops in stopgap spending bills. This body is descending down a fiscally irresponsible path. A th to trilliondollar deficits, a path to mortgaging the future, for my children and yours. To woodruff President Trump signed the bill aw this morning, but he put the blame for ballooning deficits on the opposition. In a tweet, the president said, this bill is a big victory for our military, but much wdete in to get democratic votes. We will examine thondeals effecthe deficit, right after the news summary. The president today pr icrmer aide rob porter, who resigned over domebuse allegations. His two exwives say he ysically and verbally assaulted them. Today, at a meeting with campaign sporters, the president called it very sad and said he hopes porter has a great career. Well, we wish him well. He worked very hard. I found out about it recently. Wa and surprised by it. He says hes innocent, and i think you have to remember that. He said very strongly yesterday he is innocent, so youll have a to talk to hut that. But we absolutely wish him well. He did a great job while he was at the white house. Woodruff meanwhile, Top White House staffers faced more questions about their handling of the porter case. The Washington Post and others reported that white House Counsel Donald Mcgahn was told some of the accusations, in january of last year. Other reports say chief of staff john kelly learned last fall that the allegations were delaying porters security clearances. Several news organizations this evening say kelly has told officials hes willing to resign from his post. There is worthat the justice partments numberthree official, rachel brand, is resigning, after nine months on b. It is widely reported that she is leaving for the prite sector brand is next in line behind deputy attornesegeneral rod tein. She would have ended up overseeing the special counsels russia probe, if President Trump should fire rosenstein. The Winter Olympics have officially begun, wi opening ceremonies in pyeongchang, south korea. Pomp and pageantry was on full display this evening, with more than 2,900 athletes from 92 countries taking part. Hours earlier, the court of arbitration for sport rejected a lastditch appeal for 45 russian athletes to take part. They have been banned fo doping. Two people have been killed in a winter storm that moved across the american upper midwest today. Total snowfall is expected to measure a foot in some areas by tonight. Treacherous conditions hit roadr minnesota to indiana overnight. By this morning, seven inches of snow covered parts of chicago, closing schools and canceling a thousand flights. Mayor rahm emanuel said the city is bracing for more. We have always done this as a city. I want us to continue today, tomorrow, sunday throughout responding, taking care of not only yourself, but taking care of yourself and your family members, but checking on your neighbors. Woodruff the storm is expected to weaken as it moves eastrd over the weekend. Back in this country, public defenders in new york are irotesting against immigration ppents arresting clients at routine court arances. Dozens of the attorneys protested outside a bron courthouse yesterday. They were joined by civil rights and immigration advotes. And still to come on the newshour what the budget deal to fund the government means for the d mounting federicit. Tense diplomacy against the backdrop of the Olympic Games in south korea. Whats behind the worst fl season in nearly a decade. And, much more. Woodruff now, back to the president s words of pise today for a top aide who resigned over accusations ofme ic abuse. Seven million women are raped or physically assaulted by a current or former intimate partner each year, according to the u. S. Department of justice. With me now is beth meeks who is a director at the National Network to end Domestic Violence, a Nonprofit Group that works with survivors and their advocates. , beth meeank you very money for being here we were just listening again to what the president said. Among other things hes complimented rob porter, said that hes done a fantastic job, that he wishes him well, and reminded everyone that rob porter says hes innocen how are those words likely to be received do youh tink . Well, i think that its very difficult to bring yourself to believe that someone that you like and respect is capable of very bad things. So thats not necessarily uncommon that people end abusers. It does have a Chilling Effect on victims. Its very difficult for a person to come forward and talk abo domestic abuse, and in this case, you have women, multipleho women,orroborate each others stories, who have court orders and photographs and are hearing from very powerful ople, thats not enh, thats still not enough to make your voice as valuable or more valuable than what he has say. Woodruff whats coming through from what the president said is that there are two sides to this stoo exwives and there are also reports of a rmer girlfriend alleging that rob porter was abusive. Reand then you have the psident saying that he says hes innocent. There are often t two sides. Is that right . So in the community which you work in, how do women, how do victims deal with that . Well, again, it can be very difficult, especially if there arent, you know, if there arent pieces o evidence. So its very unusual to find a case where there are multipl victims who can share similar stories who have photographic evidence, who have court orders. That takes it beyond he said she said. There i some volume of information thats not typically available in a domestic vionce case. Woodruff how often do women make up stories of bei assaulted . The f. B. I. Estimat that about 4 of all crime reports are falsified, andrate is no different in Domestic Violence cases than it is in any other type of crime. So in the vast majority of cases when women are telling us these things have happened to them, theyre tellg us the truth woodruff so as we were saying, you work with these women all the time. How do they. How do they go about being believed . You were saysning it it always the case you have the physical evidence, that somebody has take an photograph right after something happened. So how how hard is it to make the case . Its prtty difficult. Many of the women arent believed. We talk a lot about people encourage victims to come forward, but theres a lot of risk in doing that. The offender is further angeredu yoyourself at more risk for physical violence. You put your children at risk. When a victim tells her story and someone says, theres not enoughvidence to do anythin or, you know, well charge him and take him to court later. Or maybe hes convicted and gets Community Service but notta suial intervention, the risk that the woman took didnt pay off for te safety that se needed. Woodruff one of the other aspects of this story about rob porter is that he was carrying on in a highprof ie jobthe white house and had significant jobs in washington before this at the same time this alleged activity was happening at home. Hw common is it for men or y hers who are gui this to be carrying on that way with an intimate partner at the same time they seem normal at work . Absolely, totally nomal. Its more common than not. Most domestic violen t offenders knat their behavior is not approved of in society, by th spouse, by their employer, and so theyre very invested in showing a different side of themselves, at work, with their friends, with other people in their family. In face even whtheyre courting new wives and girlfriends, theyre very careful to present a different image because they know thatf some o the things in their history about how they treat women arent welcome. Woodruff its such an important perspective to have. Beth meeks with the nationalk netwd Domestic Violence, thank you very much. Woodruff last nights brief Government Shutdown may not have had much of an impact, but the wideranging budget deal signed today by the president is expected to add around 300 billion to the deficit over a decade. With the additional money for the military, for domestic programs and daster relief, the Congressional Budget Office forecasts next years deficit notothe total National Debt climb to 1. 2 trillion. This, of course, comes after the tax cuts signed into law in december. With me now, Maya Macguineas of the committee for a responsible federal budget. And jared bernstein, a former to vice advis president biden. Hes now at the center for budget and policy priorities. We welcome both of you back to the news hour. So maya, people are running all over town today pulling their hair out, at least a lot of peopleisre, saying thi a lot of money. Should they be concerned . Oh, absolutely. This is a fiscal freeforall, where what is happening no longer are there any const in the budget process where lawmakers are basically saying,e we want thiswant this, we want, this and well trade it to you for whatever you want, as long as nobody pays r anything. And we are doing bad fiscal policy, we are increasing our National Debt that is already at near historical levels, and its going to be bad Economic Policy in the long run. I think it reflects a broken political processell. So theres a lot that this reflects poorly on. Woodruff jared bernstein, you think deficits do matter, but you also believe there e some reasons for some of this spending in this bill. T absolutely. I agree with a f what maya just said. But i want to make a distinction between the long run and the short run. In the short term, there is a lot thats good in this bill by constituents that have been exchanged for a long time, expanding the Childrens Health insurance program, community healther in, iner from, v. A. Hospitals, college affordability. Ll thatsn there. Also, in the near term, i think some of this fiscal stimulus cod help people who are sl left behind in this economy. Its very unusual to do this when the Unemployment Rate is already low, but there is a chance that it could go lower and help some folks. Now, in the long term, though, email pretty much where maya is. There is a disjunction between what we collect and what we spend, and eventually that willl be patic. Woodruff so some of this spending, there is a rationale behindpehis. There arle in need. I think some of the proregrams mentioned have a serious constituency behind them. Theres no judgment on whether these spending parts are good. In budgeting ando gverning, when something is worth doing, its also worth paying for. Whats hppened, and itstarted with these huge unpaid for tax cuts, weve hrown off the fiscal constraints. The argument is we dont have the pay for anything. When icame to tax cuts, there was an argument that wasnt true, that the tax cuts would pay for themselves, and they wont. This time no one even made the argument. Its just that paying for things th hard. I think e seems to be political agreement between both parties that nobody talks about budgetary tradeoffs or how the y for things anymore. And jared said this might be good for the economy, but it might be bad for the economy. There is some real risk in the short term this will not pay off well. Erwould argue its certainly not going to andtainly in the long term its going to have negative effects. Drew jared, what about Holding People accountable for what theyve said in the past . We know not just republicans, but some fiscally conscious democrats have been saying for years, th country has gt to slow down the spending . First of all, a lot of those supposedly fiscally responsible people say that, andhen they vote for policies that increase the deficit and the debatt rely. Bob corker is the most recent example. So i think the political incentives are all wrong here. Theres really no consequence to voting for increasing deficits andebt, and, in fact, it probably goes the other way. If people did vote mor responsibly to raise the revenues they need to, raise tax, because eentually thats what well have to do if we square theseifference, they would probably be punished. One quick point, what maya is suggesting is that this extra spending is going to make the economoverheat this year. Thats definitely a possibility, but if you look at the indicators of overheating, like inflation, theyre very tame right now. And i suspect that this stimulus will be helpful if that regard . Woodruff what about that, maya, and i want to ask youth aboue republicans who have been saying for years there has to be a cutback, that the spending increases cant continue. Ag anin, this is on top of what 1. 5 trillion almost in tax cuts that were enacted by the esidents, that the pr signed just two months ago. Absolutely. The loss of any real fical responsibility is very negative in a lot of ways. So weve ddded to thet at the time when the debt is the highest relative to tno eco since its been since we came out of world war ii. Were about to have trillion dollar deficits. Last time that happen, we were in a huge recession and it was understandable. This is selfimposed and very damaging during a time when the economy is expanding and we wont be as ready for the next downturn. And its made a lot ofc hypocrisiee to the surface. That means its harder for when people are talking about thingss that are nry. We do have to deal with more revenue, and we do have a the al with of coursing ou entitlement program, but everybody has lost the creablty to make that case, which means well continue to kick the can heres where i would come in on that. The world that maa is describing is the world where we should be in wmure people are more fiscally responsible, both voters and the people they vote for, but thats not theld real w thats not the world we live in. So we can decide to wait until we arrive at that world and disinvest in Childrens Healthcare and infrastructure and helping folks w still have been left behind in this economy. Thats an unacceptable tradeoff to me. I think we have to walk and chew gum at the same time. I think we have toake the investments that are so critical to this country, especially in an era of inequality, and at the same time, really work hard to put revenues back on the table. Thats the key to solving this problem. And controlling the spendin side. I think the key is on both side i think walking and chewing gum at the same time doesnt mean putting everything on the National Credit card. We need a set of rules and constraints that both parties and we go back to what budgeting. Is if something is worth doing, you have to figure out how the pay for it, and there are tradeoffs. Republicans and democrats will continue toight about the size of government, but if we just artisan with a bip agreement that were not going to pay for anything, that bodes hvery, very poorly fore longterm sustainable situation in the economy. Woodruff in any event, yes not there yet. We are where we are. Welare not atce where were not in that world. Woodruff at the bottom line. Jared bernstein, Maya Macguineas, thank you both. Appreciate it. Thank u. Thank yu. Woodruff the Opening Ceremony is over, and the pyeongchang winter games are about to begin in earnest. But as john yang reports tsong the most closely watched early olympic even is global diplomacy. Yang fireworks opened the Olympic Games in pyegchang, but a diplomatic spectacle competed for attention a historic handshake, between south korean president moonin jand north koreas nominal head of state, kim yong nam, at a welcoming reception. The greeting served to unrscore the apparent divisions between washington and seoul. Vice president pence made a brief appearance, too, alongside moon and japanese prime minist shinzo abe, but he avoided the north korean delegation, and left early. The wall street journals andrew jeong is covering the games. The conservative media here are interpreting this as a snub. Other outlets are being careful because it still isnt really clear what message the Vice President is trying to put out there. Ang during the Opening Ceremony, mr. Pence sat just feet away from kim yojong, the powerful sister of north Korean Leader kim jongun. Pence again kept his distance, but south koreas moon greeted her, as the two countries athletes marched side by side under a single flag, and a north korean hockey player was among the olympic torch bear it was a striking show of unity after a year of rising tensions over pyongyangs missile and nuclear programs. The olympics are often an escape from world affairs. This year, the geopobttical suext is hard to avoid. South korean president moon sees the games as a chance to thaw relations with the north. translated i would liket to make efby using this opportunity as much as i can, to bring north korea back to the salogue table for the nor hialways emphasize that the most important thing inprocess is the airtight cooperation between south korea and the United States. Yang mr. Pence has emphasized the Trump Administrations harder line, warning against what he calls the norths charm offensive. He used his own symbolism today, meeting with defectors from the north,long with Fred Warmbier, whose son, otto, died last year after imprisonment in north korea. The Vice President reinforced w of north korea, in an interview with nbcs lester holt. Were going to make it Crystal Clear that our military, the japanese selfdefensees foour allies here in south korea, all of our allies across the region, are fully prepared to defend our nations and to take what action is necessary to defend our homeland. Yang andrew jeong of the wall street joual says japan is also taking a tougher stance than the South Koreans are. Resident moon is saying, yeah, its kind of the time for talks, because otherwise denucleazation is not going to happen. But japan is saying more pressure. S that ire aligned with what the Trump Administration is. Thinki yang the split will be in evidence again tomorrow wh president moon hosts the north korean delegations for lunch, and mr. Pence will be in seoul, preparing to return to washington. We now get two views on this olympic diplomacy. Anthony ruggiero worked in the state departme and treasury departments, where his focus was s ghting the financing of terrorism and weap mass destruction. And Frank Jannuzi is also a state department veteran, whou. Was part on th delegation for talks with north korea during the clinton administration. Gentlemen, w come to you both. Thanks for being here. Mr. Jannuzi, let me start with you. Did Vice President pence miss an opportunity by not engaging with the north korean, even just pleasantdes . He d. His behavior was boorish and politically bone deaf. If president moon c shake hands, surely the Vice President can do the simple courtesy o not essentially showing up to the party and then sulki. Yang mr. Ruggier boorish and tone deaf in. Im not sure i would go that far. I think we have to keep the focus here on north korea and its Nuclear Weapons and mi program. They have no interest in talking to the United States, so whether the Vice President really shakes his hand is really immaterial. The issue here is that north korea is the one that reas lly wa take over or hijack these games to legitimize its regime. But i think its precisely because we want to keep the cus on north korea, its human rights record, its poor record in response to u. N. Sanctions for their missile and nuclear program, that theice president made such a grievous mistake. Hes made himself the story. Hes made himself and his treatment of ourr south kean ally the story. The South Koreans held theseym cs. Theyre holding these olympics with an aspiration of peace really beginning a process of reconciliation and dialogue with the noh, and for the united tructs to in any way obs that effort i think is really doing a disservice to our alliance. Yang mr. Ruggiero, you say the North Koreans are trying to hijack these olympics. Hshould the south koreae said when kim jongun said he was going to send his siter, thanks but no thanks . Definitely. Shes a sanctioned person. Shes involved in nort koreas propaganda to its own citizens. I mean, she is comicit in this regimes horrible human rights record. And frankly, the North Koreans should not be participating in the olympics. During apartheid, south africa was noet invited to olympics. North korea should not be givent the same coy, but it should be subjected to a ban, as well. Its not clear to me why we would want to invite a country like this to the olympics. I strongly disagree. Again, anthony, sanctions are a means to an end. Theyre not an end in a of themselves. The only reason we have sanctions on north korea, its notjust to punish them,s to change their behavior. So when you have an opportunity to enge, when you have opportunity to use the leverage created by sanctions to possibly explore openings to address the hard Security Issues and the northsouth issues, we should seize it. I agree we should change their bevior, but lets not forget they did a military parade only two days ago. That hasnt changed their behavior. En hough theyre not doing Nuclear Missile test, their programs continue even as we speak today. Irey have not changed the behavior at all. Things like prohibiting south africa from the olympics aree what eually got the change in behavior we were looking for. I think whait got south aca to the table were severe economic sanctions, and ior certainly suthose efforts to impose tough economic sanctions on north korea, but a military parade in p is not a threat to inpy gyang is not a threat to us. Yang mr. Pence also too Fred Warmbier to a meeting with north korean defectors. Do you think tt was too aggressive . At Amnesty International i let efforts in washington toin a spotlight on north koreas horrendous humarights effort. I celebrate President Trumps effort to put the humian rghts issue on the table, but there is a time and place for everything. If were going to nurse grievances at the olympict rather tha to seize this opportunity to create a mood for reconciliation, i think thats a mistake. The timing of it is wrong. The sentiment is think very well intentioned, and laudable. Yang mr. Ruggiero, bad timing . No, absolutely not. We should be focused on north koreas human rights record and bringing Fred Warmbier i thinkht is the ripproach by the administration. We need to continue to shine the spotlight. Its dappointing that south koreas own president , who is a foer human rights lawyer, is not as focused on this as President Trump is. I think itabs adm that Vice President pence did that. Yang mr. Ruggiero, youay you feel the North Koreans are trying to drive a wedge between south korea and the United States. How real do you think that wedgr is and wha the consequences . Well, the conversation were having here. This is wt kim john kim jongun wants. They want a wedge between the United States and south korea. The other thing they want is to sabotage the sanctions program. Its finally showing some succes i think kim jongun has felt that pressure. And he knows that if he is talking to south korea, that it will be harder for the United States to go to countries and ask them to do thingsbove the letter of the law, which is really what we need on the sanctions parameter, what weve seen so far. I agree, anthony, but the sanctions are beginning to show some trarks and thats precisely why we should be pursuing the opportunity that may exist to pivot from the sanctions, explore whats possible, see if the North Koreans have changed their attitude. If not, thats fine, keep the pressure on. Yang Frank Jannuzi,an ony ruggiero, thanks so much for joining us. Thank you. Thank you. Woodruff flu season is not easing its grip on much of thete united s and the outbreak is reaching levels not seen in nearly a decade. Ehospitalizations for it higher than normal, and the centers for Disease Control and prevention reported today that roughly one in 13 visits to the doctor last week were for flulike symptoms. It has also claimed the lives of at least ten more children this week, putting that number at 63 for the season. Tens of thousands of deaths are often associated with the flu annually. Dr. Anne schuchat is the acting director of the c. D. C. , and she joinme now. Dr. Schuchat, welcome back to the program. Luso how widespread is the right now in this country . This is a very difficult flu season. This past week we got more bad news. He doctor have its for flu are as high this weas weve seen during the peak of the 2009 pandemic. Were not having a pandemic right now, but we have a very, very difficult flu season. Woodruff why is it so bad this year . No well, there are a couple reasons that we of, and there are probably some more reasons that we need to learn abou one thing is its an h3n2. Influenza seas thats the strain thats dominating. There are a couple other strns circulating. H3n2 seasons tend to be more severe. The other thing is that the influenza vaccine doesntor as well against h3n2 strains some thats probably a secd factor. Bad the third factor is that the vaccine is proy working even less well than usual against the h3n2. We had an early start to the season, and its continuing full force right now. Woodruff are the particular parts of ourti popu that are more vulnerable than others . Anyone can get the fl and it can be serious, but the people who have a harder time wi flu are the very ole, the very young, pregnant women, and people with heart diase, lung disease, and other medical conditions that camake it harder for them to take on a lung infection. We recommend that those groups in particular, if they present with flu symptomming they can benefit from viral medicines that may convert a relatively mild that may prevent a milder illness from becoming a hospitalization or worse. Woodruff is though, dr. Schuchat, is there enough vaccine available this year to revente the fl or at least prevent it from being more severe . Is there enough of the drug tamiflu, which i know is prescribedor many people . More than 152 million doses of influenza vaccine have been distributed. The coverage is overall about what we saw last year in terms of how manpeople have gotten vaccinated by this time in the year. Its not too late to be vaccinated for those who havent already gotten vaccinated. Oere are maybeme benefit to still getting the vaccine. Were seeing requests for tamiflu or the other antiviral against influenza than weve seen in past years. Lot of demand for that because of the intense season. It may be hard to find cally, so we expect that people need to call around to tiee pharm but the past couple weeks weve been working closely with the manufacturers, the pharmacy chains, the insurers, the distributors to smooth out that suly to, take care ofhose spot shortages. We do think that prompt eatment with Antiviral Medicines can be very important in people who present with severe symptoms or people who are at risk for complications. Uf woo so i have to ask you, what is your advice for people who have not had the flu and for people who have it . Well, if you are feeling well, keep washing your hands, cover your cough or sneeze, and if you do get sick, please stay home from work or school so that you dont spread the flu. Whats a mildness for you could be something severe for one of your coworkers or you classmates. If you have the flu and you are pregnant or elderly or have heart or lung disease, we hope that youre seeng medal care because prompt treatment with antivirals can be lifesaving. Woodruff dr. Anne huchat, acting director of the c. D. C. , we thank you. Thank you, judy. Woodruff now, weegin a new ries, taking us to all corners of the country, to see artists at work. Ta we with a look at a group that has been serving rural ckmmunities in eastern ken for nearly half a century. Woiginally dubbed the appalachian filshop, now just appalshop, the group has dedicated itself t spotlighting the rich cultural story of appalachia. Now, its giving residents many who have loe looked to lee area new reasons to stay. Jeffrey brown brings us t first of an occasional series, american creators. O brown a cold winter day in the tiny coal tof hemphill, in Letcher County, kentucky, hard hit by the closing of nearby mines. But on this friday, resints have gathered in the basement of a shuttered school turned Community Center, for ood, music, and a celebration, of a tiny but empowering catering business run by gwen johnson, whose mining family has lived here for generations. I was raised in a coal mine family, where the pride was in the job, but you didnt really own what you made. But with hemphill catering company, we own what we make. The community will. Brown the business was madet possible throu support of appalshop, based in nearby whitesburg, an arts and culturet instn that, from its very beginnings, has made Economic Development part of its mission. We have been so inundated with, this is the way your lif isthese are the options, this is what youre going to do if you stay here. Brown ada smith is a program gdirector at appalshop, aw up in whitesburg. We can tell you, da hin and day ou many Young Artists have been told, if you really want to be an artist, veuve got to l i mean, you name it if you want to be an engineer, you have to leave. , you know, on that level, i feel like appalshop has proven that other things can happen here. Brown appalshop dates back almost 50 years, created with the help of federal funds during the socalled war on poverty of the 1960s. It was a time when appalachia was thrust into the national spotlight. Beside these roads, the shacks of tar paper and pine e the homes of a million permanently poor. Brown appalshop had two big goals to foster new skills and jobs, and to give local people a way to tell their own stories. Brown herb e. Smith, adas father, was a Founding Member of appalshop. His father, grandfather and brothers all worked in the coal mines. He began here in 1952, about en i was born, and he workedil here u73. Brown but coal jobs were going away, along with local residents. F i graduatm Whitesburg High School in 1970. There were 170 of us graduated. Er the end of the summer, less than 50 of us were with no hopes of ever returning. Generations of people, thousands and millions of people, leave mining areas, and the people who remain miss them. Miss them bad. Ppalshop trained at and armed with cameras, smith and others took on a n kind of work. It was a way to be a part of the solution, and to kind understand the place that we were a part of. Brown they produced scores of fil, documenting in frank detail the region they called home. One of the ways i like to sat is, we make films about the things we like here, and we make films about the things that are challenging. The same system that brought prosperity to some impoverished others. Some filmmakers wanted to show at contrast to help brng about social change. Others mine the images the way the companys have mined theal and then, we want to makes filmat hold out people like ralph stanley, people who have drawn from the wealth of the culture of the region and made a living from it. Brown and appalshop expanded well beyond filmmaking. Its roadside theater, captured in this 1991 newshour rept, continues to present about life in the region. Its radio station, wmmt, offers a range of musicnd news, with the help of some 50 volunteer d. J. s. Local musicians offer after School Lessons for kids learning to play bluegrass. Uawnstairs, appalshops film vaults hold virty every minute of film and video from the last 50 years, and now houses historic photography collections. The filmmaking connues with a new generation. 24yearold Oakley Fugate grew up in a nearby town with a population of just0. Without appalshop, he says, his options were limited. When it comes to artistic ofeams and stuff like mine, theyre just kinike, no, you need to do something serious, like, they dont, they dont even consider the possibility of you aually doing it. Brown but after a training program, hes produced several documentaries, including am recent fotlighting a transgender student in. Whitesbu im not scared to the trans anymore. Im in the scared or ashamed of it. Brown most important, says ada smith, theres a renewed ccus on how art and cultu stimulate a local economy. If people want to come downtown for things, if theres music, if theres events, if theres things to do, all of a sudden, theres more businesses. If people have an opportunity to try some Different Things say, whoa, i can open a record store, i could start a tattoo parlor, i can open a bar. Your mind just opens up fr an initial nugget of trying something different. Brown appalshop relies on federal funds, including the n. E. A. , along with private philanthropy, which only go so far. I just really believe that theres been a long history of only seeg Rural Communities and economies as places to take from, and not places to invest in. Brown and appalshop says otherwise. Yeah. We feel like theres a l of wealth and talent and ideas that need to be given a chance. Brown like those of gwen johnson at the Community Center in hemphill. Her work is now part of an expanded support network appalshop has helped build with more than a dozen businesses and organizations in the area. Her site faced closure when funds om coal taxes dried up, but with encouragement and support from appalshop, o cluding 5,000 in seed money, johnson was able tart aom catering cny to help pay the bills. Theyre friends w kind of stepped up to the plate and began to think outside the box, and sometimes they think bigger than some of us have ever been allowed to think. Brown she now employs locale dents, including recovering addicts from the Letcher County drug court. And our applications, when o they s background, goes right to the bottom. And gwen overlooks that and gives us a chance to prove ourselves. And, i really appreciate the opportunity. Brown and now, with another 15,000 from appalshop, johnson plans to build a brick oven and open a bakery to serveealthier breads to the community. Shes calling it black sheep bakery. For the pbs newshour, im Jeffrey Brown in Letcher County, kentucky. Woodruff and to the analysis of shields and brooks. Thats syndicated columnist mark shields, and New York Times columnist david brooks. Gentlemen, welcome. So im sorry, mark to, go from that great music in appalachia to talking about the budget. But that was the big thing that passed in the wee hours of this morning. The president signed it today. Th parties somehow came together. What does it say about their priorities well, first of all, judy, step back and edmund burke, who was a frend of mine, he said all government is compromisand barter, and this was. This was a compromise and barter. Each side got some things they wanted and other things they didnt so that is sort of it evokes echoesf an earlier era in this city. At the same time. Woodruff you mean because they agreed . E because they agreed. The parties welit. It was not unanimous on onside or anything of the sort. Th bu said, i think its fair to say that the deficit itself is now dead as an issue. All of us have gone to Republican Conventions where it was solemnly sworn that there would be a constitutional amendment to balance theudge thats over. Maya macgu show earlier today. She has been very conscientious, very effective, but there is no move now. The debt is out of contr. We went from were rowing 436 billion more this year than we did last year, and thats even so republicans bill clinton did balance the budget. Nothing since has ben remotely approaching that. Woodruff so david, red ink as far as the eye can see forever and ever . Sreenivasan it was compros the kind of compromise we always see. Ever since our segment started, maybe as burke and payne in the 18th century, they have beenom able to come when it comes to expanding the deficit. Thats been nsistently true over the past many years. If every side gets to spend on wh s they want end, thats the way they can compromise. Theyve never been able to w compromien both partys have to take some pain. Thats the kind of compromise theyant do. At strikes me as stressful about this is everyone is a hypocriticon the def. Theyre all for cutting red ink when theyre in the minority and theyre all against it when heyre in the majority. But there is a shi tone in the Republican Party that seems interesting to me. It used to be a party that talked the language of economics first. Its native ge was economics, an economic language, so the budget did matter, and r the budgally mattered and tax cuts mattered. Now ecomics is a secondary language for the Republican Party. Immigration is the first language. Its an Identity Party right now, not an economic party. Theyre willing to compromise on a lot of spending if they can win onm imigration. Woodruff because immigration wasnt part of this deal, mark, thats how the republicans were able to sign on. It wasnt, it was not a part woodruff twhat i said. No, no, and i think its fair nk say, judy, if the senate were determinant, i theres at least 60 votes in the senate and maybe en a solid vetoproofor majoritymmigration reform that provides relief for these w young peopo are brought here as children and who have been contributing members of ous society evnce. But its the Republican House and s in particular the antiimmigration caucus that paralyzes paul ryan. But i do want to point out one thing on the deficit itselfen wethrough two world wars, the civil war, the louisiana purchase, and the greprat sion and ran up a total endebtness of 1 trillion. And the democrats were acced of being the taxandspend party. Then we got theax cuts and spend. The debt quadrupled, quadrupled unde areagan and busd that really set the pattern. But it was successful politically. Bill clinton for all his failings and all his fs oib eight years went from the biggest deficits in our country to the biggest surpluses. Now weve had 17 years of war financed by three tax cuts. I mean, i think that is reflective of what david was talking about. Woodruff so is one party or another more responsible for this, david, or is the blame to go around . I do think there is blame to go around. Deficits come down when we have ernment. Gov when one party has control, deficits go up because they can spen on their priorities. The democrats like spending. The republicans love tax cuts. Im in the a beaver inthird party, but if there is a third party movement. , i suspect debt will be it. Remember how powerful that was for ross perot . T deficits areing away as a reality, and as Interest Rates go up, t beurden of paying just down the debt begins to swallow more and more of e budget. It cuts out defense spending. It cuts out domestic discretionary spending, and youre a government that just pays bankers. And that could be a gigantic issue,specially as Interest Rates rise. I would point out to those who think about deficits at all, the borrowing on the Interest Rate a the payment and the debt to bond hold verse a transfer from pple of ordinary income to the wealthiest americans. Its an absolute antidecency traner of wealth to people who have to pay their taxes in order to pay off bondholders. Woodruff now lets talk about the debt for ourntire conversation. Its in the deficit. But i do want to ,ing up david, the saga that unfolded in the white house thik, a very highranking person and the staff sec, retab porter. He was accused by two of his exwives, both exwives of physically and verbally an emotional abuse. He stayed at the white house over a year without a permanent security clearance. The president today is still defendingim, saying he did a great jbwe wish him well, he says hes innocent. What do we make of this . Io think whatst people do, they see the evidence, which is pretty strong against him, and they hava moral abhorns, and they react to an instinctive abhorrents. O this is man punched his wife in the face. Normally you just recoil, and yet with kelly or trump, you dont see recoil. We just see theres an honorable man. And what it reeks of is sort of an archaic 1940s idea that were the world of men, and whatever you do at the world ofo outside the workplace, thats not our business. That was i think an ethos thatde existeades ago, but it shouldnt exist now, and i dont think it exists in most workplaces now. If you behave morally or abrrently in your ivate life, it should reflect poorly on you in your professional life and trump and kelly dont seem to have felt that just as an instinctual moradisgust. Oodruff what is it saying, mark, about the values at the white house, the judgmenf he white house . I mean, how are we to look at this white house after . Well, every ite house and every presidency is eventually aninevitably a mirror reflection of the president. I dont care who it is. Thats how its always been. And it is now. Th an is a man donald trump who defended rog ailes, the late president of fox news, who was accused, believay, of having sexually harsed 24 different women, of being a very good person. He defended bill oreilly of news of the same charges, i mean, more serious charges of being a very decent man. And not having any need to apologize. D most recently, judge roy moore in alabama, a repubfcan candidatr the senate, who was accused and it was alleged that he as a grown man attorney had actually sexually was involved and not abused but certainly taken advantage of teenage girls. So i think theres pattern here of defense, of rationalization or whatever. D it is absolutely unacceptable, judy. It truly is. Woodruff and theres a lotis ofssion right now, david, about the role of the chief of staff, and evenhi the house attorney, the white House Counsel, don mcgahn, there was one report that jon kelly told the president hes willing to resign. Should heads roll over Something Like this . Do we just figure this is another week at the white house or what . Well, i think when we learned weve learned a couple things about kelly. He had the earlier comment that some of the daca people were lazy. But the guy who allegedly beats fe is honorable. Thats a contrast. Weve learned that a guy that signs up to work with donald trump that closely shares a lot of the vieldws of dorump. I guess it shouldnt surprise us, but he also has had a bit of a stabilizing influence. So i think. Woodruff kelly . Kelly has. Both those facts are true about kelly. Whether he should go or not, i would m ke to see hisue a statement that hes morally disgusted by this behavior. There is a continual drama, a continual chaos, the chief of staff threatening to resign, rachel brand today, the numberthree official in the justice department, all my republican friends went wide when she got up, because she was the lone voice of credibility around. Ere but theres just always a thing of perpetual unraveling and the cycling through of staff at this white house. Woodruff we have to hold the president accountable, mark, but would it make a difference, let me ask it this way, if te president were to put different people in some of these positions . Judy, increasingly from my reporting and everything i learned, this white house is resembling east berlin in that ere are more people trying to get out than get in. They have not been able to either based on their false sense of loyalty that one had to be a total trumpeat from the begin, whatever. They have not been able to entedct and hold a tal administrative staff. The one saving argument for john kelly is that rob porter was the exception. He was thec de fato deputy chief of sthat kelly does not have. I think its fair to say that kellyjerusalem has been kellys judgment has been seriously called intoion. Its about being a gentleman. Th mme tooement. , its our men, do they know i whs like to behave decently like a gentleman . Thok at teddy roosevelt, barack obama, mitt romneyy were gentlemen, its not hard, and yet those once you loe the social standards of how man is supposed to behave, you have a lot of bad stuff. Woodruff we have to leave on that. I was going to speak out against gentlemen. Im tired ofthem. Woodruff cant imagine. Mark shield, david brooks. And that is the newshour for tonight. Im judy woodruff. Have a great weekend. Thank you, and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by babbel. A language app that teaches reallife conversationin a new language. Bnsf railway. Consumer cellular. Supporting social entr reneurs and their solutions to the worlds most pressing problems skollfoundation. Org. The william and flora hewlett foundation. For more than 50 years, g ideas and supporting institutions to promote a better world. At www. Hewlett. Org. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and friends of the newshour. This program was ma possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org youre watchinpbs. The f heftyes some defendants pay even when theyre no longer in jail. And what one city is doing about it. A forensic pathologist ben it omalu on theth dangers Contact Sports pose to a childs brain. The cofounder of next doo talks about helping neighbors tear down walls online. And the first africanamerican woman to be inducted in the Advertising Hall of fame reveals how created campaigns. Hello an welcome. Im thuy vu. We begin with sports and concussions. Ac pr will smithlayed him in a film oncussion, it chronicled the fight to get the nfl to to traumatic brain