Can all find their escape on the island with warm, sunny days, cooling trade winds, and the crystal blue caribbean sea. Nonstop flights are available from most major airports. More information for your vacation planning is available at aruba. Com. And now, bbc world news. This is bbc world news america. Reporting from washington, im jane obrien. Guilty of genocide and crimes against humanity, the former bosnian serb commander is sentenced to life in prison. The men set to be the next president of zimbabwe is back in the country and will be sworn in on friday. Today we are witnessing the beginning of a new and unfolding democracy. Jane and a fresh take on the battle of gettysburg. How a massive heart installation can help us bank think differently about americas civil war legacy. Jane welcome to world news america. Mladic terrorized the people of sarajevo for all most four years during the bosnian war of the 1990s. Today he was found guilty of genocide and other crimes and jailed for life. As the commander of the Bosnian Serb Armed forces, it was his order that led to the murder of 8000 muslim men and boys in the in 1995. The worst atrocity in europe since world war ii. Alan little reports from the hague. Reporter it has been the most emotionally charged of all the trials this court has heard. Mladic demanded a halt to the hearing because of his high blood pressure. When the judge refused, he was led out, yelling obscenities. Curtains down, mr. Mladic will be removed from the courtroom. Reporter in his absence, the judge carried on. The crimes committed rank among the most heinous known to humankind, and include genocide and extermination as a crime against humanity. Reporter he committed genocide in 1995. There, his men rounded up or hunted down 8000 men and boys, some as young as 12, and murdered them. The sniping and bombardment of the capital sarajevo was designed to terrorize the civilian population. They shot a bosnian woman walking on the street with her children. Hes talking about the woman in the white coat. The bullet passed through her abdomen and hit her sevenyearold son in the head, killing him. Last year i went to see her. She told me why she had gone to the hague to give evidence. It meant a lot to me. I went for the sake of my child. I know that nothing will bring him back, but i would go again tomorrow if they asked me. I cannot tell you how important it was for me to testify. Across bosnia, his forces drove hundreds of thousands of nonserbs from their homes. Thousands of men were held in detention camps, where hundreds died. For this, he was convicted of murder, extermination, and forced deportation. Today this man welcomed the verdict. This should send a signal across the world that in the future, or war criminals will be punished. There will be justice. Mladic was not the architect of ethnic cleansing, but he was the ruthless enforcer. He did not just fight a war, he carried out a huge and violent criminal enterprise. Alan little, bbc news, the hague. Jane zimbabwe could have any president in power by the end of the week. The man who was Vice President until two weeks ago arrived back in the country today to take over for Robert Mugabe. To speedy transition by any standard, but especially considering that mr. Mugabe has been in power for 37 years. Our africa editor reports. This was a man who owned the moment. In front of a crowd that greeted him as a conquering hero, and with a message of contempt for those he vanquished. Down with the traitors, he shouted. He tempered politicking with an affirmation of this extraordinary moment in zimbabwes history. Today we are witnessing the beginning of a new and unfolding democracy. Reporter the crowd had gathered since early. The crocodile is coming, they chanted. All day they waited for emmerson, reinvented now as an apostle of liberty. They were the happy and hopeful. This mp was cast out by Robert Mugabe. Now his faction is triumphant. The people are happy. Im happy. Reporter but there were reminders of his more sinister legacy. He led the notorious fifth brigade during massacres soon after independence. How do you feel today . Do you have anything to say . Are you happy . Reporter he is a close ally of the new president. Very much hardcore supporters. They celebrate together, but the ruling party is no longer anomalous. There are factions within factions. Loyalty to the new leader will be dependent on him delivering change. Let me ask you, if this president doesnt meet your needs, will you challenge him . If he doesnt do what we want, we will take him down again. Reporter what will happen to the deposed Robert Mugabe and his wife, grace . The military is not saying. Lead new leader bring a new government . One leading activist told me the International Community now have to engage with zimbabwe. We expect the International Community to be our underwriter and guarantor. Legitimatee there is free and fair elections. , tonights speech was an appeal to a divided party. Not a wounded nation. Zimbabweans are waiting for him to outline a vision that breaks with the oppressive politics of his past. Jane it has been revealed that the personal information of about 57 million uber customers and drivers was part of a massive security breach. Uber has admitted paying hackers 100,000 to delete the data and and keep quiet. Its also understood that the firms former ceo new about the breach over a year ago. For more on this i spoke to our American Technology correspondent in san francisco. Dave, other companies have had bigger data breaches. What makes this one so uber attempted to cover up the breach. They have known about it for over year. The previous ceo knew about it in november 2016 and its only now they are making this public. Not only to users but to regulators and the various markets around the world where it operates. Thats the problem the fact that , they kept that a secret at a time when peoples data had been exposed by the hackers. Theres no evidence that use the data for anything, but that is not the point. The fact that they couldve done it for over year is extremely troubling to people who use uber and the regulators are now , asking serious questions about why uber decided to keep it quiet. Jane how damaging is this for uber, because it wants to go public soon. Reporter every time there are scandals, whether Sexual Harassment or lawsuits with google or other regulatory issues it has had, the date of going public seems to get pushed further and further back. They are just about to announce a new funding round that keeps them going for quite some time, so there is no rush to do it. Googlers investors, if they are keen to have it happen sooner or later, doing it while many of these things are still ongoing would mean the ipo is lower than it potentially could be if they wait a while. So it is in their plan to go public, but it will be later than many people predicted that this time last year. Jane uber has been trying to clean up its act for some time. Is it succeeding in that . This breach was revealed during an investigation of the board. Reporter the board has been in complete turmoil. We have reported a lot on travis leaving, he was pushed out for various scandals under his watch. The new chief executive is being seen as someone trying to steer the ship in the right direction. I think it is too early to know whether that is working, but it certainly does seem to be the intent, at least from him, to solve the problem. Jane dave lee, thank you for joining me. Dramatic video has been released of a north korean soldier defecting on foot across the dmz last week. Shows north korean soldiers firing across the military demarcation line that separates north from south korea. The man was shot several times and survived. He is still recovering in hospital. Paul adams reports from seoul. One mans bid for freedom captured in a series of dramatic, soundless snapshots. From the north korean side, a soldier races toward the heart of the demilitarized zone. It is a short drive. As he passes, someone tries to stop him. But the real risks are up ahead. Where north meets south, a place of rules, rituals, and for wouldbe defectors, incredible danger. By now, north korean soldiers realize what is happening. This is only the third time one of their own has tried to defect through this part of the dmz in more than 60 years. They are determined to stop it. The defector abandons his vehicle and runs for the line. You cannot see it, but its just the other side of the big tree. The guards fire repeatedly, some from pointblank range. Investigators,. This is the key moment. Shots have been fired across the line, and now, briefly, one of the guards crosses, too. He seems to realize his mistake. Unsure what to do next, north korean soldiers gather on their side and watch, perhaps realizing they have lost their man. But the defector is gravely wounded, hit five times, in danger of bleeding to death. The view switches. These are thermal images. Look through the trees, south korean soldiers are crawling towards him. They are careful, for when they reach him, they cannot afford to be gentle. The whole episode has taken just 45 minutes. No one has died. In a place full of guns, at a time for angry rhetoric, this could have been so much worse. Paul adams, bbc news, seoul. Jane eight people have been rescued after u. S. Military aircraft like the one shown here crash near the japanese island of okinawa. It was on its way to the Aircraft Carrier uss ronald reagan. The Argentine Navy says the search for submarine missing in the south atlantic has reached what it calls a critical phase. The 44 crewncerns on board could be running low on oxygen. Advantage nearly a week ago after reporting and electrical breakdown. The secretary of state Rex Tillerson has called myanmars military operation ethnic cleansing. Its the strongest u. S. Condemnation yet of a crackdown against them, which triggered a major refugee crisis. It comes after mr. Tillersons recent trip to the country. What is it that drives a person to risk their life to save a stranger . Or carry out an act so cruel that they have no regard for anothers suffering. Psychologist abigail marsh says the answer lies in how our brain responds to peoples fear. In her new book called the beer fear factor, its based on her research into part of the brain called the amygdala. How does our response to other peoples fear produce such wildly different behavior . Fearful expressions are really interesting, because it signals that the person experiencing the fear is in acute distress. What is interesting is that people vary a lot in how they are able to recognize and empathize with that year. With that fear. It turns out that the amygdala varies in both structure and function and people have strong amygdala responses are motivated to help people feeling that way. People have smaller, less act less active amygdalas are not. Jane some of the accounts are disturbing, children who have undeveloped amygdala. Is this genetic . Children who have these callous and uncaring traits, it does seem to be at least partly genetic. It results in them having amygdalas are too small and dont seem to respond to someone who is in distress are experiencing here. Or experiencing fear. As a result, they dont seem to be upset at the idea of causing some to feel that way. Jane so can you predict a psychopath . Not based on a brain scan yet. We can in clinical interviews. Jane can you change, or once a psychopath, are you always a psychopath . Canon all truest suddenly become an abuser . It is not that likely that someone would go from one end of the carrying continue on to another. There is always room for change. Anybody has the capacity to become more caring and altra altruistic. For people who are at the low end of the spectrum, the odds are best that they will change if we can identify them early in life and intervene when they are young. Jane should knowing all this actually change the way we judge people . It sometimes seems that the more we learn about the brain, the more neuroscience is replacing morality. I can say that especially for people who are very antisocial, knowing about the neural causes of why some people dont seem to have strong empathy and compassion has made me think about them differently. Children, especially, its not like they choose to be the way that they are. Either their early life for experiences or whatever their genetic traits are. Its not like having a neural explanation for aggression is an excuse, but i think it really adds a lot of important nuance. Jane what do you say to parents who suddenly witnessed this appalling behavior in their children . I tell him first of all not to judge themselves not too harshly. Jane themselves, not the children. Parents tend to judge than cells for everything that happens to their children. Its not that some particular bad parenting behavior causes children to have these traits. I also tell them to focus as much as they can on reward when they are parenting. This is good advice for any parent. Children and all of us respond best to praise and rewards for good behavior. Jane so there is hope. Abigail marsh, thanks very much for joining me. Coming into focus, the new nasa timeouts video that crams 20 years of life on earth into just a few minutes. The actor, singer, and 70s teen pop idol David Cassidy has died at the age of 67. He was best known or his role in the Comedy Series the partridge family, after which he enjoyed a hugely successful career in music. His family said he passed away surrounded by those he loved with joy in his heart. In 1970, a young actor called David Cassidy became the start of a new tv program, the partridge family. For the next four years, he made 96 tv episodes, recorded 15 albums, and toured the world. When 20, 30, 40, is due 50,000 people screaming at the top of their lungs, i love you, it is so overwhelming. Its like, wow. At one concert in london, a girl died. And another 800 were injured. In 1974, exhausted, overwhelmed, he retired from show business. He was 24. By the time he returned to the pop charts in the 1980s, there had been many ups and downs, struggles with money, drinking, the aftermath of fame. But there were also great successes. A broadway production of blood brothers, a show in las vegas, and he continued to tour. And then, age 66, he made an appearance on television to talk about his health. You have been diagnosed with dementia. I have. Hi there. David cassidy, actor, singer, but above all, even 40 years on, for a certain generation, he will always be there teen idol. Jane for 20 years, nasa satellites have been recording life on earth. That data has been compiled into a stunning time lapse that Scientists Say provides a new perspective on Climate Change and the hunt for alien life. The bbcs paul blake has the story from nasas space flight center. This is what scientists are calling the most complete global picture of life on earth. For 20 years, nasa satellites have been recording changes in vegetation, both on land and at sea. What we are really trying to learn here is not just the availability and distribution of the patterns of life on earth, but how the whole ecosystem is connected. It is not just looking at the ocean or the atmosphere. Its looking at all of these things together. A quick glance at the 2. 5 minute video shows a mesmerizing change in seasons, with snowpacks growing and receding as the years tick by. But digging deeper, Scientists Say it also contains the telltale signs of a changing climate. Its not just decreases in snow or the Early Arrival of spring. Climate change can be seen in the oceans as well. The changes in ocean color seen here are not reflecting the temperature, but the presence of tiny marine plants called phytoplankton. Their reaction to a changing climate has caught scientists. Caught their eye. One of the interesting things we are seeing, if you look at the deserts out here the area of , this purple is getting bigger and bigger with time. That is consistent with our understanding of a warmer planet. While scientists have been recording life on our planet, they say the data is important in the search for life on other planets as well. We are the only place where we can see the connection between our life plant life, and , animal life in the surrounding system. What were doing is building intuition for how these connections are made that will be far more effective in searching for life on other planets. 321, and liftoff. With 20 years of data already going into the project, scientists here at nasa say the work is just beginning. Just this past week and they launched a new satellite that will keep a watchful eye on our ecosystems for years to come. Paul blake, bbc news, in greenbelt, maryland. Jane there has been a lot of debate recently over the role and meaning of civil war monuments here in the u. S. , some sparking violent protest. The Hirshhorn Museum in washington is taking a fresh look at the artistic legacy of the civil war with a massive abstract installation by american artist mark bradford. I went to have a look. It spans an entire floor, a monumental work inspired by one of the most violent episode in americas civil war history. The battle of gettysburg. It is based on a 19 century panorama of picketts charge, the last, desperate assault by confederate troops which ended in victory for the union. Mark bradfords abstraction of the famous scene urges us to reexamine what history means today. I think marks projects as questions about how we filter history, the filters through which we view history, questions about who gets to write history, and questions about how we might contest history overtime and how it changes. There is no one single narrative that tells the history, whether it be a battle or a grand era of grand narrative about an entire country. Theres a series of eight panels consisting of layers of paper, weighing about 800 pounds each. A reproduction of the original picketts charge is embedded in the layers. 8 is an, who at 6 equally outsized artist, likens his process to archaeology. What i love the most, i think it is my own archaeology. Rope underneath and i pulled the rope out. The layers are scored, ripped, rubbed, and generally torn apart. You pump it up, just pull it. Like your hair, when your hair needs poofing. Like that. Although seemingly random, the final work looks well planned and organized. I think mark is one of the most important artists working today. His very practice, his idea of using different kinds of untraditional Art Materials to infuse abstraction with political and social and personal meaning is transforming the way we think about what painting and abstraction is. The complexity of the piece reminds us that history cannot be neatly packaged. And the glimpses underneath of an old and revered civil war painting suggests that unresolved issues are never far from the surface. Jane and clearly as you have seen there, he could not have done it without me. Im jane obrien. Thank you very much for watching bbc world news america. With the bbc news app, our vertical videos are designed to work around your lifestyle, so you can swipe your way through the news of the day and stay up to date with the latest headlines you can trust. Download now from selected app stores. Funding of this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation, and kovler foundation, pursuing solutions for americas neglected needs. Planning a vacation escape that is relaxing, inviting, and exciting is a lot easier than you think. You can find it here in aruba. Families, couples, and friends can all find their escape on the island with warm, sunny days, cooling trade winds, and the crystal blue caribbean sea. Nonstop flights are available from most major airports. More information for your vacation planning is available at aruba. Com. Bbc world news was presented by kcet, los angeles. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc woodruff good evening. Im judy woodruff. On the newshour tonight picking up the pieces in syria. As russias president putin gathers Major Players behind that brutal civil war, we explore the realities on the ground and political challenges that remain. Then, a ray of sunshine in kenya. How Startup Companies are harnessing solar energy and mobile technology to empower remote villagers. And, on this holiday eve, a closer look at one of historys most infamous trades how the demand for nutmeg factored into the rise of new york city. Nutmeg was worth more than its weight in gold. It was extremely expensive because it only came from such a tiny place. Woodruff all that and more, on tonights pbs newshour