Transcripts For KQED PBS NewsHour 20240622

Education. Why one college provides aid only to the students who are most in need. Franklin and marshall was a Terrible College when it came to economic diversity, they recognized it, and were shamed. Decided that they were going to do better. Ifill all that and more on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. Supported by the john d. And catherine t. Macarthur foundation. Committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. More information at macfound. Org and with the ongoing support of these institutions this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff wall street got the shakes today as developments in the u. S. And abroad sowed doubts. The Federal Reserve gave out mixed signals on raising Interest Rates next month, Chinese Markets were hit by wild swings and oil prices plunged again, hurting energy stocks. In the end, the Dow Jones Industrial average lost 162 points to close below 17,390. The nasdaq fell 40 points and the s p 500 slid 17. Ifill in thailand, Police Expanded their manhunt in mondays bangkok bombing and offered a reward worth nearly 30,000. Jonathan miller of independent Television News reports from bangkok. Reporter a police efit sketch of the suspected bomber who declared war on bangkok and who set the whole city on edge. A thai courts now issued a warrant for the arrest of the man in the yellow tshirt, who placed his black backpack on a bench on the erawan shrine two nights ago. The warrant describes him as an unidentified foreigner, wanted for premeditated murder. With few solid leads, and no clear motive to go on, the National Police chief offered one million baht for information that could lead to his capture. He didnt do it alone, he said, thats for sure. Its a network. Watch what happens when yellow tshirt arrives. A man in red vacates his seat for him, and stands with another man wearing white right in front of him. Then, once the backpacks been placed, both leave the shrine, seconds before the prime suspect. Red and white are now wanted, too. The open air shrine on the busy Street Corner where 22 people died reopened for business at 8 00 this morning. Some thais, though, preferred to pray from afar. There are ghosts here. In the past ten years, thailand has had more than its fair share of trouble. But the country has always proved resilient. And so have the tourists. This time though, it just feels different. Down here in the khao san road, bangkoks backpacker central, its much more subdued than usual and people are genuinely scared. The man in the yellow tshirt is what everybodys talking about. And Everybody Knows that hes still out there. Thailand is a country in need of reassurance right now. But tonight, there is none. Amid talk of intelligence failures, it seems no one has any idea yet why what happened here happened. Threat level high, anxiety level even higher. Woodruff in turkey, two more attacks today added to a growing wave of violence. At least eight soldiers were killed when kurdish rebels set off a roadside bomb in the southeast. Earlier, gunmen threw a grenade and fired shots outside an ottomanera palace in istanbul. One officer was slightly wounded. Two people were arrested. Ifill a vote in germanys parliament has cleared the way for a third bailout for greece. Lawmakers overwhelmingly approved a package of 95 billion in loans today. The german finance minister said its in the best interests of europe. translated in fact, the greek government has made positive and fundamental changes in the last weeks and it therefore would be irresponsible to not use this opportunity for a new beginning in greece. The chance has been given to the greeks and they alone decide if they use it. Ifill under the bailout deal, greece must undertake a series of economic reforms, including spending cuts and tax increases. Woodruff back in the u. S. , the former spokesman for the subway chain, jared fogle, will plead guilty to having sex with minors and receiving child porn. The agreement was announced today in federal court in indianapolis. Fogles actual plea will come at a later date. Under the deal, he pays 100,000 to each of 14 victims, and serves up to 12 and a half years in prison. Ifill and former ohio congressman louis stokes has died in cleveland, of lung and brain cancer. He was the first black member of congress from ohio, and served 15 terms from 1969 to 1999. Stokes gained National Attention chairing the select committee on assassinations in the late 70s. It investigated the murders of president kennedy and Martin Luther king, jr. Louis stokes was 90 years old. Woodruff still to come on the newshour Islamic State militants wage war against syrias ancient culture, unpacking the wave of criticism over an Iran Nuclear Deal and much more. Ifill the world learned of another brutal Islamic State killing in syria. This time, the victim an archaeologist who reportedly refused to give up his countrys famed artifacts. Alex thomson of independent Television News has this report. A warning some of the images may be disturbing. Reporter you cannot speak of palmyra, they say, without speaking of khaled asaad, the father of this place who for 50 years researched and welcomed the people of the world of every creed and color to what was for them a World Heritage site. For khaled asaad, it was his home, his life. His trademark spectacles still peering into and unearthing palmyras mysteries in his 82nd year. He was very passionate about palmyra as a city and as a Archeological Site and i urged him to leave actually towards when isil took control of the city and he refused. Reporter and that is the world renowned scholar, the 82 yearold man whose beheaded body was left hanging from a lamp post. The placard accuses him of supporting idolatry and the syrian government. Isis fighters came for him a month ago along with his son. He was tortured. They wanted to know where the artifacts from the site had been hidden. Isis sells them on to fund its war. Khaled asaad apparently told them nothing. In a statement, given to channel 4 news, isis said isis took palmyra in may. Locals remained and looked on as they took over, but the u. N. Says about 70,000 others have fled. By june, isis had vowed not to destroy the vast roman ruins. Instead they set to detonating preroman sites. A month later, in july, they were using the roman amphitheater, not wrecking it, using it for mass public executions. Ifill joining me now to talk about khalid alassad and his work is his former colleague, amral azm, a professor middle eastern history and anthropology at Shawnee State University in ohio. He joins us tonight from prague via skype. Thank you for joining us. Tell us what you can about khalid alabout cal khalid alassad. He was primary in terms of history and archeology in the site of palmyra itself. Right from the very beginning, he was involved, going back to the 50s and 60s, involved in the excavations and restoration and later on became the director of the department of antiquities in palmyra, oversaw the management and administration of the site for many years until his retirement in 2003. Its this very rich source of information, i believe, that we have lost with his death. Death. Ifill how did the rise of i. S. I. S. Affect his ability to do his work . He was retired but certainly well respected. How did that change . When i. S. I. S. Takes over any territory, palmyra or otherwise, essentially, they are in charge, and they make it certain that everybody understands in no Uncertain Terms that theyre absolutely in charge. For someone like khalid alassad, he would not have been able to have any sort of information or contact or involvement with the site of the Cultural Heritage. In fact, he was arrested shortly after. I. S. I. S. , soon after they took over the city, they rounded up hundreds of people they considered to be their enemies. They had lists of names ready and available for them, and khalid alassad was on that list and we know was taken away then, and this is back a few months ago. Ifill when did art and archeology become political . Archeological sites, Cultural Heritage have been a victim of war, at least in syria, from quite early on, when the conflict in early 2012 changed from one of Civil Society against the regime to an armed confrontation between regime and opposition. Once that happens, we immediately note a very steep rise in basically acts of violence against Archeological Sites and monuments ranging from very marked increase in looting to actually where the Archeological Sites themselves become casualties of war because theyre on the front lines and, as the areas of conflict expanded in syria, more and more sites are increasingly vulnerable and became sort of destroyed or damaged as a result of that conflict. And palmyra is no different in that. What do we know tonight of the state of the 2000yearold unesco history protected site, the roman ruins, do we know theyre still in tact . In case of palmyra, theyve decided theres no need to destroy it. Weve had news from contacts saying theyre not going to do anything to palmyra because they see it as a prospective safe have from the Coalition Air strikes. No coalition is going to strike a unesco world designated heritage site. Theyve done it in several places. So theyre very clever to how they use it. They loot what they can loot. They destroy what they cannot sell or need to make a propaganda statement, and they will hide against what will give them safe sanctuary. Theyre very versatile and clever in how they use that. Ifill amr alazm, thank you so much for telling us about your friend. Thank you. Woodruff the Associated Press reports today that under an agreement with the International Atomic energy agency, iran will be allowed to use its own inspectors to investigate one location it has been accused of using to develop nuclear arms. This comes about halfway through the 60 day period that congress has to scrutinize the iran deal with the u. S. And five other countries. A period in which were seeing a multimillion dollar lobbying campaign. Both houses of Congress Plan to vote next month on a measure to disapprove, or block, the deal. But opponents face a few hurdles. They first need 60 votes in the senate. And then, if they get a disapproval bill to the president , hes expected to veto it, meaning they would then need a twothird vote to override him. Joining me now for a midway check up on all this are chief Foreign Affairs correspondent Margaret Warner and our political director lisa desjardins. Woodruff welcome to you both. Margaret, ill start with you. Where do things stand now . Judy, the white house that is given up hope this deal may be considered on the merits with no partisan and may get a deal with republicans so they focused on making sure they have a lock hard 34 votes to override a veto and the president is working overtime both from his Vacation Home in Marthas Vineyard and before that in lots of meetings to try to get at least 34 to come out publicly. That said, they only have 23 to 24 publicly declaredtsupporters, but did get a boost today when a conservative democrat from indiana, joe donnelly, who had been on the fence, came out late today and said he would support the deal. Woodruff this is a house member . No, senator. Woodruff senator, im sorry. And this is quite a surprise. Woodruff now, lisa, youre watching the hill very closely. What do you see . I think things look good for the president , to be honest because the president has two chances to win here. First of all, can opponents get 60 votes to say we want to block this deal . Its not clear that they can. If they do get the 60 votes, then going down the line following all of that together therntion theyd need to override a president ial veto and virtually no one i talk to on the hill thinks the 67 votes are there right now. Why is there stress and concern from democrats . Its because they are still the group of undecided democrats to about a dozen, and thats about as many votes as you need to override the president. So the concern is if theres breaking news or a story that shifts opinion in the next few weeks. Woodruff margaret, we know the israelis, we mentioned the millions of dollars spent lobbying on this, we know the israelis have been very heavily involved, the American Jewish community is involved and is split on this. Could have been looking at that and how the rest of the world views everything thats happening in washington. Judy, as you said, the ambassador from israel has been working hard and the white house is pretty furious about that, trying to undermine this deal. But interestingly, the ambassadors of the five countries that negotiated the deal with the u. S. The british, french, german, chinese and russians got together and met with 25 Senate Democrats two or three weeks ago. As one european diplomat said, i think this is unprecedented. Our interests never converge, and their message was, dont fool yourself, if the u. S. Congress blocks this deal, there is no better deal out there. That said, they are overseeing this watch with dismay. No other country other than perhaps iran is taking it to the parliament and the deputy general ambassador said this project of rejection of a deal makes us very nervous. In germany, everyone supports the deal, so they will feel better if the white house has not 24 but 34 announced supporters. Woodruff and lisa, you were saying earlier today, with so much of the focus on these democrats, a lot of this depends on the president s relationship with the democrats. Margaret mentioned senator donnelly, but there are others they have to work on. Senator ed marky came out from massachusetts, and thats what the white house is doing is they want to roll out a number of yes votes. But i think the interesting thing is at a tough vote like this, which this is, a president can often be a wildcard. If its a strong relationship, that wild card swings votes this way. This president does not have that capital with the democrats in congress to win his trust. They dont quite trust him enough to say yes without evaluating this deal extra carefully. At this point, its down to substantive and penetrating questions and what happens after year ten. Just to follow up from what lisa said, theres been dismay in democrat quarters over the president s tone, for instance his speech at a university where one person said he appeared to be lecturing and equated the opponents with winning hardliners which offended some democrats. And then im told by a leader of the Major Jewish Organization who supports the deal but was in the private meeting the president held with heads of jewish organizations, he said the president s frustration really showed through. He said there is, like, a professor who said i have been teaching this class five years and they still dont get it. That said, the white house believes that, one way or another, either by frustrating the 60 votes that the opponents need to even get to a vote, if you understand, or by actually overriding a veto, they can make this deal go through. Woodruff so, finally, lisa, who are they watching the most . Who is this coming down to in the senate. Harry reid, democratic leaders, but it will be a surprise in favor to have the iran still booker and bennett, bennett is up for reelections. The time to watch will be the week of september 7 when the senate is expected to start debate. Woodruff labor day week. There is a belief senator ben cardin is the ranking democrat on Foreign Relations and it is believed he will be tough given his home in baltimore. Woodruff interesting to watch the back and forth and argument on this. Lisa desjardins, Margaret Warner, thank you. Pleasure. Ifill stay with us. Coming up on the newshour our interview with president ial candidate john kasich, a new pill for women to increase libido and ending Financial Aid for wealthy College Applicants so that needy students can attend. But first wildfires in the northwest. New evacuation orders went out today, affecting hundreds of homes. William brangham reports on a fire season thats pushed the system to the breaking point. Reporter since last week, smoke has poured into the skies outside chelan, washington, as more than a thousand firefighters and volunteers struggle to gain control. The complex of fires has grown to more than 170 square miles, destroying more than 50 homes and leaving charred debris. We had a really big living room. I didnt take any family pictures or anything like that. I did not think anything was gonna happen. Reporter in all, well over 100 fires are burning in the states across the pacific northwest. More than 50 of those from Northern Washington down to oregon and idaho are larger than 100 acres. California also faces new outbreaks just days after containing the massive rocky fire north of San Francisco. All told, roughly a million acres of land has burned. The flames are being fueled by drought, low humidity and high temperatures that turn vegetation into dry tinder for lightning strikes. And the sheer number of fires has stretched budgets and personnel to the limit. Its past ten hours, were up here. Its hot. I got new boots yesterday, were breaking them in. Im getting blisters on my heels. Reporter yesterday, National Guard units arrived at chelan with heavy equipment, including helicopters. And for the First Time Since 2006 200 active duty army troops are being called out. Theyll deploy to a separate fire in Northern Washington. For now, theres no end in sight, with immediate forecasts calling for more heat. For more on how fire officials are coping with these many fires, we turn to ron dunton. Hes with the bureau of Land Management and he is helping coordinate fire response at the National Interagency fire center in boise, idaho. Ron dunton, thanks for being here. The math is staggering. There are so many fires burning out west. How do you compare this to prior fire seasons . This is a big year, as mentioned. We havent deployed military since 2008, and thats a good sign that our internal system is being overwhelmed. Were essentially out of federal firefighting resources and are having to tap in with troops from the United States army. Were also bringing in Canadian Resources and now reaching out to australia and new zealand to bring in fire personnel from those two countries. So its a very big year. Were at what we referred to as preparedness level 5, which is the highest level of national preparedness. Brangham is that a function of you have so many fires burning you dont have enough bodies to put on the fires . Thats pretty much it. We have to prioritize working at protecting communities and the public, so letting some fires i wont say just letting them do go, but less priority on fires that arent threatening anything in terms of firefightinger and public safety. Brangham how much of this because we have more and more People Living in more remote areas. Is that a concern for people managing this vast wilderness . Absolutely. A lot of the fires would be much simpler to deal with other than the fact people have moved in into what we refer to as the wagon and urban interface. It causes significant difficulties. Again, you know, our First Priority is the firefighter and public safety, so we have to expend resources helping to evacuate people when we should be fightin fighting the fire, on some case, fires that could be left to burn naturally cant be left because to have the communities. Brangham you mentioned fires could be left to burn, is that because you dont have enough personnel or some argued its good to let the underbrush burn out to clear out some of the tinder for fires for the future. Theres no question fires are beneficial in some ecosystems and, where possible, allow a fire to run its natural course, but if you have communities or houses in the way that have built up, then that becomes impossible. We can also deal with, under certain conditions, well light a fire and carefully manager it. But in terms of utilizing natural fire, we have to be very careful because of the spread of Communities Bank this drought has caused enormous problems for firefighters. It obviously makes everything very dry out there. Does it cause a problem for you as far as access to water . Do you have enough water you need to fight the fires with . I wouldnt say water is the issue. Drought is certainly a big issue. Weve had lots of engines that carry their own water and water sources we can access. So i probably wouldnt go to water as being a limiting factor to us, but outstretched fuel is causing extreme fire behavior. Extreme fire behavior is becoming the norm. Brangham i understand the forecast doesnt look good in the next one of days. Is there any relief in sight as far as you can see . No. Thats kind of the bad news. We have a wind event coming across the northwest friday, we have a lot of fire in the northwest. So the wind will continue to push those fires. We see nothing in the way of an event in terms of largescale moisture moving into the western United States. More dry wet around then the possibility of lightning mid week next week. Brangham ron, thank you and good luck. Thank you. Ifill john kasich, the governor of the politically important state of ohio is trying to convince republicans he can return them to the white house. Before becoming governor, kasich served 18 years in congress and has been a businessman, author and talk show host. Yesterday, at the home plate diner in des moines, iowa, we talked about why he is running. Governor kasich, thank you for joining us. You ran before in 1999 for president. I tried. Ifill whats different now . Well, as governor of ohio, its a big job and a lot of responsibility and im a little older and i dropped out really back then because i couldnt raise the money. I mean, ultimately, it gets in some ways to be a money game. Not totally, but in some ways. But, you know, i got in late and i got in late because i wanted to make sure i had a chance to win. Im not doing this on a lark just to have fun. Although i am having fun. Im really enjoying myself all over the country. So im ready. I mean, im ready intellectually, im ready emotionally to be able to do this and to help fix the country. Ifill lets talk about some of the issues which you would be facing if you were president , among them immigration. There is been a lot of discussion this week about scott walker we have to focus on the Biggest Issue which is we have to finish the wall and then make it clear, if anybody comes over that wall, theyve got to go back. There should be no debate about that. That was one of the things i think we made a mistake on, gwen, in 86 when we did the reagan reform on immigration. I also think we need to expand the Guest Worker Program so people can come in and go back, and then i think with the 12 million, theyre here, if they have been lawabiding, then i believe they should have a path to legalization. Theyre going to have to pay a fine and wait, but they have become a very important part of our society. Ifill path to legalization ribs the republicans the wrong way. What do you think well do, chase them down, put the lights on top to have cars and go into neighborhoods and hunt them down . Thats not what america is. Look, nobody likes that they broke the law, they ditched the line. I told my kids, as much as you love taylor swift, you dont ditch the line to get into a concert. But many are here and theyre hardworking people. Theyre lawabiding, godfearing, familyoriented. You know, what we have to do is get the wall fixed so we can end this, so we can control our borders, and then we have to make it clear, if you do that again, if you jump it again, youre going back. Ifill youve also defended common Core Education reforms and Medicaid Expansion. Lets talk about them one at a time. First of all, this common core is a label, okay. In my state, we did not have high standards for our kids. We lowered the bar or we had a low bar so they could jump over it and everybody would feel good. 40 of our graduates go into colleges and have to take remedial programs, things they should have learned when they were younger, in high school. The deal is we have high standards and the curriculum is set by local skewed boards by parental advisory. I dont know how else you would do this. I dont run the program and we certainly dont let washington run it. But i want high standards in ohio. If some states want to choose to do it another way, thats up to them. I believe, if i were president , i would want to spend a lot of time going to the legislatures and telling them about best practices, whatever it is, whether fighting poverty, whether its about educating kids. The states are the laboratories where we can see what works, and i think president s can have a much better relationship with legislatures. Ifill what about Medicaid Expansion . Well, weve controlled the growth of medicaid. In my second budget, the growth was at 2. 5 . We take the money and we rehab the drug addicted in our prisons and hand them off to our local community and the recidivism rate is 10 , maybe the lowest in the country. So we save money from the standpoint of not locking them up and, secondly, isnt it great to let people pursue their godgiven purpose in life . Thats what this is about. We cant turn our back on people who need some help. But, gwen, in ohio, our philosophy i got from my mother is its a sin to not help people who need help but its a sin to help people who do need to help themselves. Ifill helping people who need help, does that extend to putting boots on the ground to fight i. S. I. S. . Look, i. S. I. S. Represents another threat, in my opinion, to the principles that we respect in western civilization. Let me say a couple of things. First of all, i. S. I. S. , theyre liars, murders, rapists. We saw the articles recently about what they do. Then they argue to people, if you come here you will be with friends, a part of our family and find a way to paradise. Its all a lie, its all contrived. We have to kill i. S. I. S. On the battlefield, and have to win the battle of ideas going forward. People in western civilization have to recognize value matters. Ifill do you think the issue extends to boots on the ground . Yes, wipe them out, degrade them, kill them. Ive said that for months. I would like to go in a coalition. I wouldnt want to go alone. We have had, gwen, a deteriorating relationship with our allies. You know, look, i served on Armed Services for 18 years and stayed in touch with many people in national security, and you think about ill give you one good example, they kill these people over there in paris in that magazine, they have a Million People at a ceremony mourning the loss of those people, and we dont send a highlevel official . Hows that even possible . Ifill i want to end this by asking you to take stock of this campaign as it stands today. How do you explain the excitement in august its august, early for the Donald Trumps of the world, for outsiders, for the people who seem like theyre not i totally understand that because i think people are frustrated with dysfunction, not just dysfunction in government, but a lot overdysfunction that surrounds them. I get the frustration with drugs in the neighborhood or my kids with big College Loans cant find a gorks but people dont want to stay ton pessimist side. They want you to recognize there is a problem and then fix it. For me, the time i have been in government, i produced results. Think about it when i left washington of the chief architect to have the budget agreement we had a trillion surplus. I was involved in defense reform. Weve gone from in the hole to a surplus, grown in jobs, cut tax more than any sitting governor in the country and people whove lived in the shadows are getting attention. You have to have solutions and you have to show people you have a record of achievement. People dont want any more promises, they want to know its going to happen. They want to know that you can deliver the mail. Ifill governor john kasich, thank you very much. Good to see you again. Thank you, gwen. Woodruff the u. S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the firstever Prescription Drug to treat women suffering from a lack of sexual desire. The overnight announcement came on the heels of a long and contentious debate on whether to bring the drug to market. Reporter the small pink pill known as addyi aims to treat a low or absent desire for sex medically termed hypoactive sexual desire disorder or h. S. D. D. Its the most common sexual dysfunction in women. We looked to the evidence, and we listened to patients. And what we know is that one in ten women suffer from h. S. D. D. Reporter maker, sprout pharmaceuticals, welcomed fda approval last night at Company Offices in raleigh, north carolina. And we have always believed that, provided the f. D. A. Finds a treatment to be safe and effective, Women Deserve to make that choice with their health care provider. Reporter for years, viagra, cialis and other drugs for men have dominated the market. They increase blood flow and are designed to be taken shortly before sex. By contrast, addyi works by gradually adjusting levels of serotonin and dopamine in the brain, chemicals that affect sexual desire. It must be taken daily for weeks to see any benefit. And, even then, women may see only modest improvement. The newly approved medication will also come with the most serious warning allowed. All drugs have risks and we want to appropriately inform consumers of risks. So we do have a black box warning. Its related to low Blood Pressure and or fainting with alcohol use. Reporter the fda twice rejected addyi in the past, pointing to side effects and marginal effectiveness. But now the female libido pill will hit the market in mid october. Woodruff for a closer look at the new libido pill and at some of the back and forth behind its approval we turn to two physicians who focus on Womens Health issues dr. Adriane fughberman, associate professor of pharmacology and physiology at Georgetown University medical center. She is also director of pharmedout, group that tracks pharmaceutical industry marketing practices. And dr. Mary jane minkin a practicing obstetrician gynecologist at yale medical group, and clinical professor at the Yale University school of medicine. We welcome you both. Dr. Minkin, who are the women this drug is designed for . This drug is designed for women who have the fancy term is hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Women who really dont have an interest in having sex is basically the simple way of thinking about it, and this drug is aimed for women who are premenopausal, not postmenopausal women, younger women. Woodruff what exactly does it do . How is it different . We just mentioned this, but how is it different from the drugs designed for men like viagra . First of all, i wish we knew exactly how it works because the chemistry is tricky. Basically, this drug works at central effect in the brain affecting serotonin and dop dope activity. Its different than va vie ago viagra. Those are performance drugs, not so much a desire drug. Reporter you tell us you plan to prescribe the drug for some of your patients . I do plan on pri scribing it under proprietary circumstances with proprietary counseling and ruling out other things going on saying right, this is the right thing to try and well try it. Woodruff dr. Fughberman, in an interview, you said this is a drug thats useless and even dangerous. What did you mean . This drug can cause sudden unconsciousness and also a very dangerously low Blood Pressure, nausea, sedation, but the sudden unconsciousness that requires medical intervention is very worrisome. People in Clinical Trials are healthier than people in the general population. Once the drug gets out there and is starting to be used by women with medical problems or women on multiple medications, i think well see an epidemic of adverse effects. Its a big interacter. It interacts with alcohol, the Birth Control pill and many common medications. Woodruff youre saying even though doctors will look at who should be taking it, youre saying you should expect there to be problems. Yes, and doctors have been quoted in the media saying they are going to use it in postmenopausal women and will give it to women who are casual drinkers, and you are absolutely not supposed to use alcohol with this pill, which sacksly i ws actually unreasonable. Youre taking this pill every day and women really are never going to have a drink again if they take this . Woodruff just thinking about the population of women you said you might be prescribing it to who are premenopausal, what about the issue of alcohol . How do you think about that . Adriane is correct, its a concern and, obviously, certainly women who are significant alcohol consumers should not even think about taking this medication. As far as its not supposed to be used in the presence of alcohol and somebody has to be ready to say im not going to drink, and thats a big commitment, understandably. The drug, also, is supposed to be taken at night. If there are insomnia issues, it should be taken at night because it would be less of an issue. These are concerns we discuss with the patients. Woodruff what about the concern it causes unconsciousness . Its certainly not a common effect i have been aware of. Woodruff how widespread, dr. Fughberman, you said youve already seen some doctors will prescribe it outside the parameters of whats supposed to be, how widespread do you think thous may end up being . Great question. Im not sure there is ever been a drug thats come on the market that has such name recognition, already, that there is such hype around this drug, that was really manufactured by the company, that this is a drug thats been approved by a Public Relations campaign. Woodruff and in that connection sounds like you were saying its a mistake for the fda to have approved it. It is. This drug is very effective if its effective at all because its effect may be due to the sedative effect. Its as sedating as four drinks. Woodruff dr. Minkin, how much does that give you pause as somewhown may be as someone who may be prescribing it . It makes you think about doing significant counseling with the patient as far as use and calling if she has any side effects. The most important thing to me in prescribing to patients is i dont want women thinking this is a cureall. Oh, i dont want to have sex, this is going to make me want to have sex. This is not a cure for a lousy relationship. If you have a lousy relationship, fix the relationship or get out of it, but this is not the answer or it. This is a selective use for people who are selected for this particular indication and its not a cureall by any means. Thats a really great point. What we were talking about is an imbalance in libido between two partners and i think we need to question why there is something necessarily wrong with a woman who has a lower libido than her partner. This is not there is not a scientific norm for libido. Woodruff are you getting at the question of why its taken so much longer to come up with a drug like this for women than men . It hasnt been for want of trying. Viagra didnt work for women and neither have other drugs. Women are more complicated than men, which isnt news. Woodruff i guess none of us could argue with that, but in a good way. Of course woodruff for sure. Dr. Fughberman, thank you very much. Interest mary jane minkin, we thank you both. Thank you. Ifill next rethinking college and how to close the graduation gap. Higher education advocates say many colleges are increasing Financial Aid to affluent families while aid to needy students remains stagnant. Tonight, Hari Sreenivasan features one college that has decided to buck that trend. Congratulations. applause sreenivasan mike is the face of a new college bidding war. He was offered thousands of dollars in merit scholarships at several universities even though his family was wealthy enough to pay tuition. Michael dean deann deandoini. Sreenivasan he decided to go to pa, offered no scholarship at all, 60,000 for four years, and his family paid the entire amount room and board. He graduated and despite the high costs, he and the family say the education was worth the investment. I can likely excel and push myself as hard as i could and come out with an amazing education. Sreenivasan education experts say a growing number of college ace cross the country are offering precious scholarship money for families who can already afford it. The concept of using Financial Aid as bait has been increasing, bait for upper income families. According to michael dane danenburg with the education trust, more affluent students means a better bottom line for schools. College is kind of in a competitive market, competitive game to get highpaying students, so they use Financial Aid as a tool. Basically a college thats got 20,000 to gev out in Financial Aid, they can get four students who pay 15,000 out of pocket as opposed to one needy student who can pay nothing. Sreenivasan what could have cost the college 20,000 for one student instead earns the college 60,000. Thats the path franklin and Marshall College in lancaster, pennsylvania, was on until five years ago when the school took a hard look at the lowincome students they were excluding. President dan porterfield. There were an enormous number of highlyqualified students that we were not able to admit because we didnt have enough Financial Aid. Sreenivasan so franklin and marshall decided to scrap giving money to nonneedy families and began instead to offer only needbased aid and recruit talented lowincome students like sophomore sheldon. This houses our Foreign Language and English Department on campus. Sreenivasan valedictorian of the high school class, he attended a school in every, pennsylvania, where only 20 of the 120 seniors went on to college. I always knew college was really, really expensive and, so, it was something that my parents and i, like, we never really talked about. Im the first person over to go to college. My grandparents didnt actually get to finish high school, none of them finished the sixth grade. Thats one of the best things sreenivasan the tuition is covered by college and federal grants. He works as a campus tour guide and has taken out 3,000 in loans. Dont feel constrained by what youve done in the past. Its a new world on campus. Sreenivasan with a student population of only 2300, franklin and marshall offers the intimate atmosphere provided by small liberal arts colleges. Helping him to adjust to the idea that a poor kid from a lowperforming high school can succeed. I really want to go to law school. Anytime i mention my goal to my proffers, its not a because, its an okay, this is what we can do to make it happen. No one ever looks at me as if i cant get to where i can be. They automatically assume i can do it. Sreenivasan in making the switch to needbased aid away from merit clips scholarships. Franklin and marshalls policies are similar to elite schools. They cut spending on facilities and academic programs and increased fundraising. The challenge that the country is facing is Higher Education institutions are concerned about their revenue to such an extent that theyve become less and less focused on their Academic Mission and more and more focused on the business reality of having to make payroll. Weve done some really interesting things with all of the sound pieces of metal sreenivasan virginia, who taught art and writing for 20 years says franklin and marshalls new recruits are more engaged. I think were Getting Better students. Who can write better and reason better and think better. Sreenivasan in turn, she says, fullpaying students like mike also benefit. There is a greater pool of students, not just the ones who can afford. Ive met students from all of the backgrounds, from all different kinds of wealth and culture ive never met before. Sreenivasan he plans to pursue a job in Higher Education and plants to work here. To recruit students online and in person, helps students to learn about college or figure out what they want in college and help them with the process. Sreenivasan danenburg says more colleges needs to follow franken and marshalls need. Franken and marshall was a Terrible College when it came to economic diversity. They recognized that, with aframed and decided to do better. In three years they tripled their lowincome and working class Student Access and thats important for america for students live and work in diverse environments, need tore experiences with people from different backgrounds. Sreenivasan from lancaster, pennsylvania, for the newshour, im Hari Sreenivasan. Woodruff finally tonight, our newshour shares of the day. Something that caught our eye which might be of interest to you, too. It comes from San Francisco public tv station kqed. A young dancer shows us how persistence and talent landed her a position on one of the worlds most prestigious stages. I miss the area so much because ive grown up here and have come to love it here. I am leaving home to join the birmingham royal ballet. My dream is to become a principal dancer one day, the principal dancer dances all the main roles. I still have so much more to discover about my body to really know where i can take it. I see myself as being with others because i wasnt born with a really good ballet body. A lot of dancers are born with amazing feet or the longest, most flexible legs. I wasnt really born with too much bodywise. A lot of people think there should be white dancers on the stage, white dancers look the best, and ballet should start in europe. Recently, its been getting so much better with Misty Copeland becoming principal and asian dancers from everywhere who are amazing to come and be with the company. Being half japanese and half european, i had to work really hard, and ive had to just realize how to work with it and also how to show off what is good for me better than the people who have the most amazing bodies. Im pretty good at turn and where you turn consecutively without coming down. I want to really stay humble because i think thats so important as a dancer. I love how bal ballerinas are oe stage. I want to make sure im inspiring myself. Woodruff i would say she has a future. On the newshour online, why demanding tougher questions will actually help you in a job interview. In our ask a headhunter series, how and why to answer an employers most challenging questions on our home page. Thats on our home page. And in the latest in our race today series an organizer for black lives matter on why she may not vote in 2016. Arielle newton, the founder of black millennials, writes of racism in the light of political participation. All that and more is on our web site pbs. Org newshour. Ifill and thats the newshour for tonight. On thursday dont buy this jacket. Making sense of one companys counter intuitive strategy. Im gwen ifill. Woodruff and im judy woodruff. Join us online and again here tomorrow evening. For all of us at the pbs newshour, thank you and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the worlds most pressing problems skollfoundation. Org. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and individuals. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org this is bbc world news america. Funding of this presentation is made possible by the freeman foundation, newmans own Foundation Giving all profits from newmans own to charity and pursuing the common good, Kovler Foundation pursuing solutions for americas neglected needs, and mufg. It is a global truth. We can do more when we work together. At mufg, our banking relationships span cultures and support almost every institute across the globe, because