Interview that president barack obama did with Jeff Goldberg in the atlantic just before he left office, there are really a lot of echoes of what you hear with President Trump. He talked about a being there was this sort of anger and frustration sounding through about the lies and what they do. This has been coming for some time, probably a little bit of exhaustion with the wars and terrorism and vigilance. But the fact is, the American People have, two impulses simultaneously. One is, we are tired of those burdens of leadership, cant somebody else do . It you hear that in echoed by President Trump and earlier by president obama, but they also dont want to see syrian babies choking on nerve gas. They dont want to see people beheaded on tv like isis was doing and Vladimir Putin laying waste to their neighbors or venezuelan stalk because they have a bad government so what the president to do is to activate the part of america that wants to continue to lead, and sometimes i think you get that from this administration. Brennan is there an identity that defines republican Foreign Policy now . I dont know if there is an identity that defines Foreign Policy in either party. The United States is going through a transformative period in which we are leaping one era, leaving one era, the era in which the United States emerged really as the stole superpower after the end of the cold war. Then there was a period of having to deal with terrorism and the attacks that we at the anniversary on september 11th. Now, we are facing all of these new chance, what do you do about Cyber Security . What do you do about ungoverned spaces where terrorists train but where you cant go in directly . What do you do about the rise of great powers like china . What do you do about the efforts of a declining power like russia to disrupt the International System . The problems are different and i think we are going to have to come to a new consensus about at really the principles are going to divide american Foreign Policy. I hope that there will be some echoes of the old principles, that america is going to be involved, that without the United States the world is a more chaotic place. I hope those principles will involve patience. Brennan in the book, to build a better world, you say, you wrote it because you think the world is drifting towards another systemic crisis. Is this a warning . I hope it is a bit of awake whereupon call. When we see the rise of what we will call the four horsemen of the apocalypse populism that says dont believe this those institutions. Those institutions, you go around them droll the people. Well there are some dangers to that. When you see the rise of what i will call nativism, i think saying it is nationalism, for americans, nationalism is hot a bad thing, it is not bad to be proud of patriotic towards your country. Nativism, though, pits you against them. When you see isolationism, when you see protectionism growing, the whole idea that the International Economy is better if countries trade freely, when you see that under attack, i do think we are drifting toward a systemic crisis. Brennan but the four things you just outlined sound a lot like what defines trumpism. But it is not just what definds some of the president s policies, merp america first, for instance, it defins a lot of what you are hearing across the world, it defines what you are hearing in Great Britain with brexit, it defines what you hear from the fivestar in italy. It defines what you hear in brazil with so the question is, why are we getting this response . And if we cant sit back and say oh you are just wrong. There has to be some self evaluation of how late stage capitalism is dealing with some of the new challenges. Brennan do you think republicans are doing enough to push back against those four horsemen. Well, i do think that you see people pushing back on very specific circumstances. Now lets be fair. When it comes to some Foreign Policy issues that i was dealing with a decade ago. You have to give the Administration Credit for having taken on north korea, nobody has been able to solve the north korean problem. I dont have a, i dont have a problem with how they are going about that. I would say on iran they are pushing back correctly on an Iranian Regime which is the most dangerous and disruptive regime in the middle east. Brennan should President Trump meet with president rouhani. I have no problem negotiating with the iranians but you have to do it when the conditions are right. When you have a negotiation that looks like the taliban is not going to even recognize the legitimate democratically elected government of afghanistan, not going to recognize the constitution, now you have to step back and say is this time really to negotiate . When you negotiate there a position of strength, as i think we would be with the iranians or with the north koreans, because of because the sanctions have weakened those economies, that is fine. When your partner or your adversary thinks that they have the upper hand which i think the taliban think, because they think we want to get out so badly we will take anything, then i think yo you have to stop and say this is not the time to negotiate. Brennan do you think the president needs to be taking more care on those issues when he discusses race and when he discusses immigrants . I do. And i said i think that particularly from the white house you need language that recognizes how raw race is as a factor in america. I grew up in a segregated birmingham, alabama, i mean, i understand race and racism and the like. But i am going to tell you, i think that we can all be better in the way that we deal with this very raw nerve which is race. I think it is time to stop labeling each other and using explosive terms like she is a racist, he is a racist. That stops the conversation. When you say that, that is meant to stop the conversation. And we need have a conversation. We also need to and i say this very often to my students, you know, identity is a wonderful and marvelous thing. I am tremendously proud of my ancestors who survived the horrors of slavery, came out of it and by the time of my grandfather, being College Educated i am tremendously proud of that legacy. But i also know that identity has to be something that you dont use against others. And a so to the degree that we are breaking ourselves into ever smaller groups with ever larger census of grievance and ever different narratives, i dont think anybody is doing very well at helping us to navigate this extraordinarily difficult minefield of race. Brennan our full conversation with secretary rice is on our website. Facethenation. Com. We will be right back with another former diplomat, president obamas United Nations ambassador sam the next american chinese original is here. New sichuan hot chicken. For a heart breaking limited time only at panda express. Brennan we are back now with former u. S. Ambassador to the United Nations samantha power, she n h a memoir out, it is called the education of an idealist a memoir. Thank you or being here. Great to be here. Nnan does n idealist survivor working in the white house . Definitely but you have to learn thousand prosecute your ideals so my story is not one of one of going in how naive it would be to promote human rights from washington but knowing it would be hard and learning how to build coalitions, learn how to work with other countries to fight the epidemic or get Political Prisoners out of jail but you do have to keep learning and be self critical and you go and thats the story i tell. Brennan secretary rice, you heard her just there lay out a number of things. She said we are very similar between President Trump and president obama in terms of responding to this strong reaction against military intervention. This idea that, you know, the system needs to be completely changed. And allies arent shouldering more of the burden. Do you see those same similarities . We could not be more different. In fact, it is true that in the wake of the disastrous innovation 0, invasion of iraq and militarization of our Foreign Policy after 9 11, there is a fatigue in the country, that part i agree with but there is a major difference between the current approach of attacking our Democratic Institutions at home, undermining our ability to lead internationally, attacking our allies, cozying up to rejames and alienating everybody so if you need them in the face of a crisis it is going to be very hard to pick up the phone and get people to come into your coalitions. A big difference between that, which is the president and what, and which we did with which was strengthen our alliances yes call on allies to do more. The United States cant shoulder the burden alone, absolutely that is the case. But you can do so in a manner that is still preserves the relationships, deepens the relationships and ensures when you go and try to end Irans Nuclear program you get not only the european allies at the table with you but also the russia and china for all of the difficulties there, when you go and try to broker an agreement to curb Climate Change you go first to china or actually are able to forge that agreement and then you take it global the, and get other countries on board and able to build a 78 Nation Coalition to defeat isis, which is something that President Trump has carried through but he couldnt build that coalition today, no way he could after the reckless Foreign Policy that has been pursued. Brennan you built your career, you won a Pulitizer Prize over talking around human rights law in particular and genocide and you are clear in your book that you morally had some problems with president and strategically. Brennan and strategically with president obamas decision not to strike syria in the wake of those devastating chemical weapons attacks. General mattis called that the shot not heard around the world. Uhhuh. Brennan why didnt you resign . Well, first of all, in the book, what i tried to do is bring readers into the situation room so they see just the complexity of decisions like that one. And when you are in the situation room and you are looking at the deaths of 1,400 people and you are seeing refugee flows out of syria that have the capacity as they would go on to do to destabilize countries, not just syria itself, you see 500,000 lives ultimately taken in syria. There are a whole set of imperatives that grow out of that. At the same time u. S. Congress would not support president obama when he said lets do this together and make sure assad cant wait us out and just start gassing again and then we are in a position where we are divided domestically. So our Foreign Policy is going to be stronger if we can heal some of these divisions at home and without that kind of base for acting internationally, especially when it comes to these, the use of emil triforce i think president obama i happen to take a different position but ultimately it is very hard to be a leader when the rug is being pulled out from you, particularly by the opposition party. Brennan so assad has now essentially won that war. He absolutely consolidated control over territory but it is not the case th the necessarily when you asked i didnt resign and i go into that at length in the book because a lot of people asked me that at the time. Brennan people ask that now, President Trump on the matter of principle why continue to serve if you object. I will draw distinctions between locking children up in cages and so forth and making i think a reasonable decision that u. S. Military force alone would not have brought the war to an end. I thought perhaps in the wake of the gas attack we could catalyze diplomacy, a limited strike of the kind i thought would not lead to entanglement, president obama agreed, he was pursuing military force and again congress did not support him in that regard, reflecting i think the larger skepticism among the American People. But what i say in the book is how much good you can do from these jobs and i was really fortunate to be a member of the president s cabinet to be able to launch a campaign to get female Political Prisoners out of jail and actually succeed in getting them out of jail, to be able to build a coalition with president obama and secretary kerry to end the ebola epidemic in west africa when people predicted more than 1 Million People would die. So we are divided as secretary rice indicated, the reason i chose to tell a very personal story was to open up just how meaningful this work can be and to show again the complexity of situations, to show that not receiving as binary and this sort of gotcha politics we have today that there are good flesh and blood people inside government, inside republican constitutions better that make the world better and do in fact succeed. Brennan you helped accepted through the paris accord which every democratic president said we are going to rejoin you also say that is not sufficient to meet the level of threat right now. So what else needs to happen . Well, first and foremost we have to meet the commitments we made in the Paris Agreement. I mean one of the things president obama had is bring us bring the Paris Agreement into law, International Law quicker than any International Climate or environmental agreement ever, in case the november 2016 election went a different way then the agreement itself would collapse and the agreement still exists globally but the commitments we made were a floor and everybody was very clear on that. So we have got to get into it, meet our commitments and then be much more ambitious in terms of what we do do necessarically and critically this is what, domestically, there is why it is so important we level the commitments we make sacrifice wes make to get other countries to do more. Thats how the global system works when it does. Brennan ambassador, it is a, it is a personal memoir and talk a lot about being a working woman and the challenges of being pregnant and jug fling all of that at the same time. Time. To which you can relate. Brennan it was a food read. Thank you for joining us. We will be back in a moment with a look at how aricans view Climate Change. When the engines failed on the plane i was flying, i knew what to do to save my passengers. But when my father sank into depression, i didnt know how to help him. When he ultimately shot himself, he left our family devastated. Dont let this happen to you. If you or a loved one is suicidal, call the National Suicide prevention lifeline. No matter how hopeless or helpless you feel, with the right help, you can get well. Cbs cares. The amazon rain forest is considered to be the lungs of the earth and provides 20 of the planets oxygen. Current wildfires are destroying a football field of rainforest every minute. Learn how you can help at amazonwatch. Org. Cbs cares. It helped me with my ptsd. I choose va because they made me whole again. I choose the va because they provide seamless care through all stages of life. I choose va because im a veteran and i enjoy serving veterans. I choose va because theres no better place to work. I choose the va because of the excellent care that ive received here for forty years. Choose va today. For more information, visit va. Gov. Far too many young women around the globe lack crucial medical care, access to education, and a safe place to call home. Brennan in color, face nation, spontaneous and unrehearsed news interview. Senator nelson, congressman mcclusky next wednesday is earth day. What are people going to do about when they find out that this cleaning up of the environment might involve less use of automobiles by them . Within 25 years, most major metropolitan areas in america, if we dont stop, we will not be able to stay out doors more than two or three hours without a Serious Health hazard. You have to go out, your kids will go outdoor and play in gas masks. Brennan that was the very first time we had an extended conversation about the environment on face the nation. And that dire prediction of children having to wear gas masks while play outside did not come true. But almost 50 years later more than six in 10 americans see Climate Change as a crisis or serious problem and more than half say we need to act now. Our cbs news poll out today also shows that just one in 10 americans say human activity does not contribute at all to Climate Change. This week, cbs news along with more than 250 news outlets worldwide is participating in covering the climate now project. We will be looking at the challenges and the political discord on what causes Climate Change and how we can fix it. Our poll also shows that two in three Americans Trust their meteorologist for information about Climate Change, so who better to kitchen off a this special series that cbss own climate and weather contributor, jeff berardelli. Jeff, good to have you here. Good to be here. Brennan so part of the political argument around Climate Change is whether or not man plays a role in it. What does the science tell us . Yes, so unequivocally the science believes it is caused by human beings, by our burning of fossil fuels and our release of these v trapping Greenhouse Gases. 97 plus percent of scientist there is is a consensus agree it is caused by humans, these are the scientists that study it day in and day out, it is probably closer to 99 percent or so. The last five years have been the hottest on earth, it is the warmest it has been this modern human history, maybe even going back tens of thousands if not hundreds of thousands of years. And i mean we are a force of nature. There are 7. 6 billion people on this earth right now and obviously things are changing very quickly because of that. Brennan and the argument you have heard even members of the Trump Administration say the climate is not definitive. What you are laying a out is a very different description. And in our polling we are seeing that americans are willing to do things that they think will help the environment, recycle, use Energy Efficient light bulbs, plastic bags at stores, do those things make a dent in the problem you are describing . So each individual thing we do doesnt, but if we have a conversations and society starts to become more sustainable, kind of a grass roots thing where, you know, the low hanging fruit you only have to do the Little Things and those lead to better habits and kind of rub off on the people around you. Your family, your friends. Have the conversations. And that starts a Grass Roots Movement from the bottom. At the same time, we need it to come from the top as well. So, yes, it does make a difference, not the individual, but say plastic bottle we are not using, but not using a plastic bottle hopefully leads to better habits in your lives and the lives of people around you, we need to be more sustainable with this earth. Brennan we have seen some really powerful storms and hurricanes. Are those driven by what you are describing with the Climate Changes . Yes. So absolutely. Thats part of it. So first of all, ocean heat content has been rising and sets records every single year, about 93 percent of the excess heat that is trapped by Greenhouse Gases gets stored in our ocean, thankfully otherwise we would be burning up right now, the problem is is all of that builds up in the ocean and comes back as extreme weather. So first of all, we have hurricane cycles that are natural and right now we think we are in a natural up tick. These sometimes last around 20, 30 years in the atlantic basin, however on top of that we have warmed the earth by around one degree celsius, about two degrees fahrenheit, and there is research out there that shows that for every one degree of Global Warming we see a disproportionate number of cat 4s and cat 5s it increases by 25 to 30 percent the number of cat 4s and cat fives, we see it with storms like irma and dorian, which just demolished the bahamas and here is the craziest part of this. Compare a storm with winds of 185 Miles Per Hour to a storm with winds of 75 Miles Per Hour. You might think to yourself, okay twice as much damage, three types as much damage, four times as much damage. No. It is 1,300 times the damage potential for a storm with winds of 185 like dorian or a low end hurricane. Thats why just an increase in 20 or 30 Miles Per Hour because of Climate Change makes a world of difference in terms of damage. Brennan so when we talk about solutions to this, the paris Climate Change accord that the Obama Administration joined, the Trump Administration says it is pulling out of, it locked in or tried to lock in temperature rises at just two degrees celsius. Yes. Brennan that you heard from paris that is not enough but it is something. Right. Brennan so why does two degrees make that much of a difference . Okay. So two degrees celsius is close to four degrees fahrenheit, actually about three and a half degrees fahrenheit so think about this. You know, it doesnt sound like a lot, a couple of degrees doesnt sound like a lot, but lets say that your body temperature goes up by three or fourdegrees. The earths 0 system is just as sensitive as your body. If your body goes up from 99 to 103 degrees, your bodily functions begin to break down. The same thing, same thing in europe, everything is very sensitive and very interconnected and things begin to break down. Thats what we are concerned about. Brennan what is the impact on the economy . It is a huge impact, especially as we head decades forward right now we are seeing a lot more billiondollar disasters so already impacts us. If the seas rise, two, three, four, feet look at the trillions of dollars of real estate that . The that is in the way of that. Also, it is going to desert fy, large areas of productive agriculture, so people wont be able to make a living anymore. They will migrate. It forces international migration. Picture at the time when instead of 10,000 people kind of knocking at your door we have 100,000 people knocking at our door. It causes international instability. What i would say is there are things we can do, Renewable Energy is something everybody freeze on, republicans and democrats and so we should move forward fast. Brennan thank you for connecting all of those dots for us. Us. Youre welcome, my pleasure. Brennan next week we will speak with former secretary of state john kerry, he negotiated that Paris Climate Accord in the Obama Administration. Thats next sunday on face the nation. We will be back in a moment. Narrator when girls face their challenges, theyre stronger. Girl omaha omaha when girls work together, they realize their value. When girls get to play, they learn to win. All girl power the amazon rain Forest Supplies 20 of the planets oxygen and is currently being devastated by wildfires. Learn how you can help at amazonwatch. Org. Brennan thats it for us today. Thank you for watching. But before we go, we want to thank the Jones Day Law Firm and everyone behind the scenes at face the nation. They have been working nonstop getting us moved in up here. Until next week, for face the nation, i am margaret brennan. Captioning sponsored by cbs captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org danger in the middle east. Iran denies a u. S. 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