Need a precise plan when it comes to handling, storing and distributing the vaccine. So joining us to talk about it is ucsf Infectious Disease specialist, good to see you again. Thank you for having me on. Cdc Robert Redfield was incorrect when he said a vaccine wouldnt be available until next summer. Which timeline to be trusted or all just a guessing game . The name of the game here is uncertainty. One, kind of the dogmatic about a timeline when you have to wait for the data to be thoroughly analyzed and right, not based on political. You heard dr. Redfield saying to congress saying this kind of mask protects him more than a vaccine. Why . I think its stopgap measure. Ideally, we want to have a vaccine but dont know how many people will take it. Up to 50 are of getting a vaccine. We have seen those numbers going up. Which i want to address in a little bit and ask you why you think that is but i do want to ask, a vaccine, would it have an immune response in everyone, right . Typically, when it comes to vaccines, what percentage can be expect to have or not have when they get protected factors on age, older individuals responded less robustly than younger individuals and on other aspects whether or not you have a compromised immune system. These modulate the effect of the vaccine, so its important to study, not just on healthy adults but make sure they get included in vaccine trials. That does make sense. I want to go back to the rollout framework we showed people on the graphic screen on this you might need two doses. Theyll get them first. As usual, the devil is in the details. I have questions about free vaccines is great, im psyched about it but whether or not you can have access to the place or just like testing, we have to go to communities where there are, rather than saying, hey guys when they get the vaccine, your idea of either time off from work to get the vaccine, it has to be we have to think more about that. The other aspect, worrisome or questionable to me is the whole, were going to keep track of everyone in the United States and people at walgreens in california, for the magically, that data, all appearance on centralized database. Even for california with our data dumps. Data tracking types of loading, cant get one of this and that. I want to ask you if people do need a couple of vaccines, how long might it take to accomplish that . So if you need a couple of vaccines, i think that adds a layer of complexity that people arent thinking about. I think when you think about a million of vaccines that are available, you have to divide it about two. It will take time to rule out this vaccine and its not going to be overnight. Theyll miss the second dose too. It does happen with regular la ty with hpv. Is it going to be mandatory . Theres the question of, do you expect it to be mandatory, and then also, do you think it should be mandatory . What do you think . I think conceptually speaking, if its a safe and effective vaccine, that for the Public Health crisis, it should in essence be mandatory with some exceptions. If it werent a Public Health crisis, id probably have a different view on this. But again, it depends on what kind of data we have. If theres a safety issue, then i would change my mind. That makes sense. When it comes to the distribution of vaccine and this much vaccine, theres so many challenges and one that dr. Anthony fauci just addressed is keeping it cold. Can you explain . Three of the vaccines in operation warp speed require freezing and not just regular freezing like negative 20 but super duper freezing, like negative 70. Moving that to a small clinic in a cvs and walgreens requires a lot of planning. Do you know how far along we are right now with that planning . Im a little bit posseessimi because its tough to find a negative 70 freezer in our own Research Labs much less your neighborhood pharmacy. Rebecca is commenting that its a no for me. I assume she meantims getting t vaccine and you talked about the polls. Ive seen one that shows twothirds may not get one as soon as its possible and then a quarter say they dont ever want to get it, according to a usa today poll. Why so little confidence . Have there been acts that eroded trust in confidence . Apart from the uncertainty, thats one theme, the other, not just vaccines but throughout all of covid is mistrust. And mixed messaging. You started talking about the fact that political leaders are contradicting the head of the cdc so when you have have that level of discord, its not surprisi surprising. What do you see to be confident . I think data speaks region and not just about efficacy. Efficacy is is a given. Most worrisome for people is the safety signal. Thats true about all vaccines. I think that people will be looking at that very closely and i think wed have to rely on not top scientists to help the data but the political leaders. I dont want to say were managing it well but what do you think . I think were at a good spot right now. A few things im worried about im waiting the so see. One is the impact on labor day in two weeks and still, the communities that are disproportionately affected. We havent been raging epidemic, the rural areas and i think disproportionately affecting agricultural workers. Im always on end because is coming, as game of thrones says. Feels like its been winter all year, 2020. One last quick thing, what the advice you have for all of us as we head into fall and winter. I would say wear your mask, wash your hands and watch your distance and dont forget, dont be lulled. We could all be safe and if each of our activities. Dr. Peter chin hong. And now i even know what your favorite tv shows are. Thank you. Thank you, kristen. Up next, well talk about masks and not necessarily for covid19 as you know. Smoke is expected to move back into the bay area this weekend. Well talk about how you can breathe the cleanest air possible. Also, the coronavirus pandemic has drastically changed our lives in a short time. Tomorrow will be six months since the bay area began to shelter in place. Join us tomorrow as we look back at whats happened since for spending a perfectly reasonable amount of time on the couch with tacos from grubhub . Grubhubs gonna reward you for that with a 5 off perk. doorbell rings [crowd] grubhub fireworks exploding welcome back. The wildfire smoke moved out, youre looking livealcatraz. A little hazy. It is going to get worse again and a long fire season. So how can you improve the air you breathe . That is a question a lot of you have been asking us, so joining us today is university of San FranciscoData Scientist and mask for all founder, jeremy howard. Good to see you jeremy. People asking what we can do to clean up the air. Whats the Data Scientist talking about air filtration . Im studying air filtration for covid19 droplets that transmit disease and turns out the same basic science, so kind of the same thing. Got it. Robert has a question on facebook. Wants to know why did it identify so late that Wearing Masks is an effective protection. I wrote about it back in march. It was identified early, and in fact, in east asia, a lot earlier than that. Just took a long time for the parties to catch up with the science, very sadly. No, that is very true. We dont blame you. You were on with us, i think, pretty early on, if its not march, its april. I think it was march. In which you said everybody should wear masks all the time, so ive certainly been following your advice. Are there practical, realistic and easy things we can do to improve the air around us and in our home . Yeah, there is. So heres the basic thing to know about, the way you filter air is passing it through some kind of dense fabric filter. Theres really three places to do that. The central heating or airconditioning system if you have one and the third is by constantly turning the air in your house with fans and filters in front of them. A commercial air filtration system or purifier, one we could even jerry rig ourselves. Were ready for the three concepts and youve got some diy demo to show us now, right . Lets start with wearing a mask. So these kn95 masks as weve talked about on the show are readily available now, pretty much everywhere. So these are probably your best choice. Theyve got the nose tip at the top and so you want to make sure as you breathe in, you should see the sides of the mask come inwards, as you kind of breathe in. And out. You see that, that tells you that the air is not escaping. And that tells you the air is coming in through the filter. You can put a filty filter inside a cloth mask. Its annoying to wear a mask inside but if youre not keeping your house smokefree. The filter, show it to us again. How often does it need to be replaced . So lets say i go outside, can i almost never. For the purpose of smoke filtration, and for covid, it could become unsanitary and get disease, a virus on it. Were talking about inorganic parols. Not a high priority for this purpose. Demo two, filtering your home central conditioner or heater. People have the misconception, they have to leave it off. The most home airconditioning sucks the air in from inside. And somewhere like this. The airconditioning, actually a central heating unit. And so you can see here, weve got a filter in front of it. Ad so if youve never looked at yours, generally find you can just unscrew it, and then just pulls out and you can buy one po pop back in. You do need to make sure when you do, measure it carefully. The air goes straight around the outside. If you dont have a vent like this, often, inside your actual unit itself, a space to put it in. Generally replace it, and get you through the fire season. Well take a short break on the air. Check in with more of your viewers questions over on Facebook Live and when we come back, well ask jeremy to show we are back with the university of San FranciscoData Scientist and mask for all founder jeremy howard. Been enjoying our conversation on Facebook Live during the break answering your questions. By the way, we did ascertain it was march 30th when you were here with us talking about making a mask. I meant virtually of course and you can find it on our web site and did show us the multiple ways to create your own mask that fits well and will keep you safe and look at that. So thank you for being early proponent and giving our viewers useful information. I want to get back to talking about filter out the smokey air. One idea you have is to take your fan, and put a filter on it. Talk about that. You can get it to do much in this wildfire situation. Its like an air purifier. Buy yourself a box fan, a 20 inch by 20 inch cost fan. Talks about 20 bucks on amazon. And 20 by 21 inch filter. The filter you buy, both for here and for your, its important to look merv filters out. Dont go big as you can because the reason the higher numbers like what i have here, 12 or 13 filter. Its perfect. Its a good air flow. Pretty thin. How do you ensure theres no gaps in the duct tape . What i did in the side some ticky tack or poster tack to minimize the gaps and then the high quality packing tape. Try to feel if theres any air flowing out. Some attack or try to fill out the gaps. You want the air, going as many times as possible. Thats the idea. Especially if you dont have central air, underneath them all the time. Kind of noisy but its a lot better. They can somehow prevent it too. It was originally developed by engineering experts. University professors and help people in shops and so forth to keep the air cleaner. Covid19 is heavily transmitted through small aerosol particles. Maximizing the number of passes through a filtered system like this is going to minimize the number of particles hanging around. Ray wants to know, is it dangerous to work in a warehouse with no ventilation with just a mask . Well, really depends on the mask. You can buy a p100 respirator, if that, the answer is definitely no. People work in toxic environments. Most you can buy are going to have some gaps and let some particles through. I would talk to experts about your specific situation. How about alexs question how long are masks typically good for and how long should they be changed, i suppose he means within his shift. For the purpose of wildfire filtrati filtration. We dont know how they work. For the purpose of covid, we dont have great data on that. Err on the safe side. When you feel like its getting overly humid and feeling, you might want to change it. Usf Data Scientist. Great to share ideas with you. One way all right. Thank you so much for joining us today on this interactive getting answers. We talked with Peter Chin Hong of ucsf about the u. S. Government. Just take a quick look there. Among the highlights, the vaccine will be free. Most people will need two shots, about three or four weeks apart. And every weekday at 3 00 on air and on live stream answering your questions. So check us out every weekday. Worl tonight, several developing stories as we come on the air. The hurricane slamming into the u. S. At 105 miles per hour. And President Trump moments ago contradicting the cdc director on vaccines and timing here in the u. S. The president saying the director was confused today. First, Hurricane Sally slamming ashore as a category 2 hurricane. Tonight, they are now warning of lifethreatening flooding. Highways washed away. A huge section falling from the pensacola bay bridge. Powerful gusts spilling a tractor trailer on its side. Hundreds of rescues tonight and now alerts from florida all the way up to virginia. Ginger zee and rob marciano in the storm zone. The coronavirus here in the u. S. And President Trump just before we came on the air saying the director of the cdc made a mistake today when dr. Robert