The gran ghetto near italys Southern City of foggia is home to some 1500 people during harvest time. Although home is hardly the right word. The migrant labourers from africa live here in appalling conditions. They earn up to a maximum of 20 euros a day. Not enough to afford a proper place to live. Three of us sleep here. This is the kitchen where we make food. We have rice. And oil, thats it. Recently the water supply was cut off here. But the migrants stayed anyway. Partly because they arent the only ones who depend on their meagre wages. If i dont work here, whos going to feed my children in africa . Sometimes i send 200 euros home, sometimes 150. If i earn two hundred, i keep hundred and send a hundred back home. In many of southern italys plantations, its day labourers from africa who do much of the work. They come here in their thousands. Modernday slaves, exploited by unscrupulous farmers. In the town of nardo in apulia, a Police Video Shows the ramshackle accommodation given to foreign workers. Many of those who were forced to sleep here, never saw any wages, even though they worked for months. State prosecutors called it enslavement, a crime that italy has only introduced in recent years. The slave holders in this case were the foremen. The foremen decided when and what they could eat. Whether and what they could drink. And he sold everything for an exorbitant price. A small bottle of mineral water cost three euros. A bread roll three euros fifty. And even though 25 people were taken to work on one truck, each one had to pay five euros for the journey. A police raid resulted in the arrest of twenty people. Eleven of them received prison sentences, ranging up to eleven years each. They included a farmer and a number of foremen. This man, known as guiseppe the tunisian, was especially brutal. Their victims have yet to receive compensation. Cudjoe still lives in nardo but hes never seen any money for his work. After he testified in court, its been difficult for him to find work and hes even received threats. They only told me i should be far away from them. They only tell me secretly, please. In other words, keep well away from us. So if you have resistance, you have to understand what is going on. You get what im talking . Yeah, thats how it is. Away from the public eye, illegal slums have mushroomed. This ghetto in southern italy is the largest in the country. Its not possible to film here openly, the nigerian mafia control everything here. The ghetto is right next to the village of borgo mezzanone. Local people feel the government has let them down. They live side by side with thousands of african slavelike laborers. The black people dont buy anything. Maybe they spend thirty or fifty cents, ok. But they just taur money, they dont bring any. Theyve taken work away from all those who used to work in the fields or in the factories. Now its only black people working everywhere. Every day, the ghetto grows, moving a little closer to borgo mezzanone. The italian authorities are unable to cope. The farmers are happy for the cheap labour, leaving local residents frustrated and angry. Everythings changed. They used to come and empty the rubbish and sweep the streets, now no one comes anymore. Were just left to our own devices. Theres nothing we can do. I cant move away even i wanted to, no one would buy my house, or at least not for a reasonable market price. Why doesnt the state just buy my house, and the houses of all the people who want to move away . Then the state can do what it wants, it does anyway. They could offer the village to the migrants. Why dont we create a village for the migrants . The problem extends right across southern italy. In calabria, its time for the orange harvest. Parts of italian agriculture are firmly in the hands of the ndrangheta, the mafia. African refugees are exploited here as a matter of course. One reason why journalists are not welcome out in the fields. But one worker agrees to talk to us. He explains how the farmers manage to bypass italian labour laws. So one of these boxes full of mandarins earns you one euro. If you have ten boxes, you get ten euros. On saturday and sunday, we work near the road. The regulators dont work on those days. So then we pick everything along the road. Then on monday we move further back. Why . Because thats when they do checks. The people here do have contracts, but of course not proper ones. Another problem because many of the migrant labourers dont have proper documentation, they dont have health insurance. So doctors from the Aid Organization emergency treat them for free. The most common problem diagnosed in this clinic is malnourishment. They say things here are almost as bad as in parts of africa. They often sleep right alongside seven or eight other people in one room or tent. If one of them gets an infection an intestinal or respiratory infection, its very likely that all the others will get it too. Any yet people keep coming from africas poorest countries and crisishit regions. Part of the reason for that is a surprising one, and especially tragic. Everyone wants to live here because we only send photos of the nice things venice, milan, turin, rome. And when you go back to africa and take nice clothes with you, all your friends think its a good place to earn a living. But the reality is different. This year alone, over a hundred thousand migrants have arrived in italy. How many of them have returned home is not known. This and the recent reports on libyas slave trade are a reminder of the continuing challenges faced by refugees. Michelle the influx of refugees remains one of the Biggest Challenges facing europe. Yet the continent is already struggling with many of its own self imposed problems. Take brexit for instance. As the deadline for britain to quit the eu approaches, irelands border has been one of the trickiest sticking points of the negotiations. As it stands now, there are no border and customs controls between eu member state ireland and northern ireland, which is part of the uk. But this could all change with brexit, and irish businesses across all industries could suffer. Like tourism. Tour guide brent hearne is already feeling left out in the cold. Dublins usually a popular Tourist Destination in october. But today, hardly anyone is aboard brent hearnes sightseeing bus. British visitors to ireland have become rare. The looming brexit has had negative consequences for british buying power abroad. The currency is the main thing. Theres no benefit. Before, they were getting 25 benefits so they give 300 sterling for 500 euros. Naturally, hearnes sightseeing bus passes by dublins famous guinness brewery. He says brexit will also impact how the beer is produced. It goes up to the north. The canning and the bottling. The cans you get in germany. Thats done in the north of ireland. And it has to go though a different country. Different jurisdiction. Because its part of the uk. Brexit will complicate irish imports and exports almost all trade is done via dublins harbour, from where its transported over british soil into the eu. After brexit, this british soil will become noneu territory. James quinn runs a freight business with 9 drivers. After brexit, trucking to and from europe will take much longer. And cost him more money. I think we have huge disadvantages. We already i often say its like a horse race. We in ireland have like a 2,5 mile or 4 km race to get to somewhere like brussels, or antwerp or cologne. But if youre in mainland olland or belgium or germany, youre much closer to the centre than we are. And constantly were fighting this battle to arrive at the finish post at the same time as everybody else. It takes an hour to get from dublin to the border with northern ireland. Quinn takes us off the highway to show us the border its barely noticable. So now once again were in northern ireland. And as you can see weve crossed its a pretty seamless road the whole way here to donegal. It weaves in and out the south of ireland, north of ireland, south of ireland all the time. And the only way you can tell is by the difference in the roadmarkings and the road signs. And pretty much this is how it is once you leave the highway all whole way to the border of donegal. Over 350 km. Here, the borders actually visible. It looks like a memorial site. Its supposedly the only place where old border facilities still exist. Theyre gonna have to come to live in some form or other. Theres gonna be controls, whether people like it or not. The notion that you can leave this whole highway open with no controls at all as the backdoor to the eu is just a nonrunner. No matter what the british think. Theres gonna be customs presence here. And if theres customs presence here were gonna have paperwork. I had trucks in switzerland late on paperwork and expenses was a nightmare. And the swiss have been our neighbours since the inception of the eu so you would think they would down there have it down to a fine art. But it was anything but a fine art. It was difficult and timeconsuming and it was troublesome and border closed at lunchtime on saturday. Hundreds of Midsized Companies will have to contend with the consequences of brexit. Cootehill engineering is one of them. The companys 10 employees produce steel and metal machine parts. Gerry mcintyre founded the company 25 years ago. Hes worried that brexit could mean that his company wont survive. This particular job here is a Cast Aluminium flange. Its cast in england. The company buys it, its imported here, i machine it for them. They fix it to a hose, a handbuilt rubber hose. Thats exported all over the world. And as regards materials, 95 of our materials even i use come in through england and from england. Todays workday is over. But nobody knows if the company will have to fold after brexit. Many irish are frustrated. Theres madness and sadness. Theres sadness for us, yeah. You know my whole lifes tied up in this. The madness is because somebody else decided to leave europe were being heavily penalized. And we feel like, you know, once again, the british are the british. The government is holding us to ransom. Nobody consulted the irish before voting for brexit. Even though they might pay the highest price economically and politically. Michelle its been more than twenty years since homosexuality was decriminialised in russia, yet it is believed to be one of the hardest countries in europe for gay people to live in. Surveys reveal that much of the russian public endorse criminal prosecution of lesbians and gays, and that many people consider homosexuality to be a disease. If they demonstrate for their rights, as here in st petersburg, it usually doesnt take long before the Security Services crack down on them swiftly and severely. Our correspondent Yuri Rescheto met a young woman in saint petersburg, who shared her very personal story of what it was like to come out as a lesbian to her parents. They ran around shouting, stupid lesbian and told me to drop dead. They attacked me out of sheer hate. While dancing i met people with whom i felt comfortable. Most of them are either bisexual or lesbian. That gives me a feeling of freedom. When i told my mother, she cried a lot. It was a shock. Honestly. I even felt a certain physical aversion. My god. My daughters a freak a monster . At any rate, something unpleasant. And what should i tell other people . A few who must never find out not under any circumstances. I can see she wants to understand me, but cant. Her generation was raised in the soviet era. Once we were on holiday in greece. There were some pilgrims by a monastery. Suddenly one woman fell to her knees and crawled to the monastery. Perhaps it was a ritual, so god would help heal a sick family member. Then i thought if someone told me crawling on my knees would make my daughter healthy again, id do it. The russian reaction is brutal. Some parents want to disown their children and throw them out of the house. An acquaintance was almost killed by her father. He beat her violently. My classmates found out when i was fourteen. They spit at me, hit me, whacked me on the head with a full backpack, humilitated and insulted me. I was in utter despair. All i did was cry. I thought my life was over. Homosexuality is viewed as something dishonorable here. Society takes an aggressive stance against it. When i know that i cant handle it anymore ill probably leave the country. Michelle they keep their children out of school and beat them more than twenty times a day. Yet they are allowed to live peacefully, unchallenged in the czech republic. The controversial religious sect, the twelve tribes, left neighboring bavaria after charges of child abuse saw police place seven of their children with foster families. They have now quietly resettled just over the border in the sleepy czech town of skalna. Just behind the czechgerman border lies the czech town of skalna. Its a sanctuary for the christian fundamentalist twelve tribes sect. Skalnas major finds nothing wrong with that. It would be problematic if they tried to tell or convince others to live like them. But to my knowledge, thats not the case. This twelve tribes propaganda video advertises the sects principles of parenting it openly supports physically punishing and beating children. Wise fathers use a thin piece of reed to keep their offspring on the right path. The twelve tribes sect was taken to court for child abuse in germany, where it was previously based. Robert pleyer used to be a member of the sect for 20 years. Then, he left. Because he didnt want to use Corporal Punishment on his kids. I couldnt keep living like that. I had to get me and my kids out of there. Life inside the sect was cruel, as this undercover footage from a tv journalist from several years ago documents. Back then, the twelve tribes were still based in southern germany. Corporal punishment . Sure, a child might get slapped now and then. But for children to be regularly beaten 20 or 25 times a day . Nobody has ever admitted that. Robert pleyer could take it no more. And then a Police Investigation began, leading to one of the sects teachers receiving a twoyear sentence for child abuse. After which the twelve tribes opted to leave germany. We wanted to meet the sect in skalna to find out if theyd changed their ways. Our interview request was ignored. So we travelled there anyway, and did manage to speak to one its members. He expresses surprise at our request. When we insist that we spoke to a colleague of his the day before he only offers that we send him a list with our questions. He refuses to answer any of our questions on the spot. The twelve tribes dont want to give a Public Statement at all. Skalnas residents have heard rumours about the sect. But they remain tolerant. I dont mind them. Theyve done nothing to offend me. They go to work, and they have every right to live their life like anybody else. I met some of them at the playground. And we started chatting about their faith and so on. Ive got a problem with them. Theyre kind of strange. They dont come outside. I dont know what to make of we talked to skalnas priest piotr libner to see what he thinks of the controversial sect. He said he was shocked when he first heard about them. Then regensburgs bishop reassured him the twelve tribes cause no trouble. And then piotr libner told us theyre doing everything to fit into the local community. One time, i didnt know why, they walked around skalna with plastic bags in their hands. Someone from the town, i think it was the mayor, told me they wanted to do something for their local town they live in. So theyd decided to clean rubbish off the streets every friday. Thats what the sects founder, elbert spriggs, always said. He said, head out, collect rubbish. Then people will hold you in high esteem. Propaganda methods like these distract people from whats really happening inside. And its working. In skalna, nobodys asking questions about whats going on inside the sect. And that, says robert pleyer, was a problem in germany as well for far too long. Michelle the twelve tribes sect are active worldwide. From the field to the plate, vegetables should be grown and sold locally. Say environmentalists. And if possible without gaining too many food miles. Experts add this is not only good for the environment but preserves vitamins. But is this even possible in the middle of a large, bustling city like london . Agricultural pioneers who grow vegetables and herbs there say yes. And in a place that had a completely different purpose some 70 years ago, 33 meters below the ground. Fresh greens are not the first thing that come to mind while walking through londons concrete jungle. But, in the district of clapham, 33 meters underground its a sea of green. Overhead the tube rumbles past, underneath herbs sprout. Fennel, coriander and broccoli are grown in this old world war ii bomb shelter. Now its found a new purpose thanks to Stephen Dring and his partners at growing underground. Using their green thumbs and infrared lamps, they create a feast for the tastebuds. Where possible, they employ energysaving led lights. The plants grow on coco coir bricks watered with a nutrient solution. No, you need to control the environment. And thats exactly what we do down here. We have control over the heat, over the light, over the watering regime, over the humidity, so we can provide the plants exactly what they want, 24 7, 365 days a year. And they can be delivered to local restaurants or markets within 4 hours of being harvested. So they taste fresh, yet cost no more than conventionally grown veggies. After three years they expect to be in the black soon. With more and more People Living in cities, its a Global Concept that works locally. Were looking at additional sites within the uk, to roll out in the next 18 months. And were already identifying sites across, sort of globally us, europe and asia as well. So, once youre through that breakeven point, and youve proved the model. But what do folks above ground think of the stuff grown below . Underground, wow, thats amazing in clapham . In clapham, yeah i love the coriander. It tastes like happiness. I dont know whether people would favor the idea of things being grown in a more natural environment. The underground gardeners aim to convince with the quality of their greens. Theyve already overcome bigger problems, like the weekend partiers who once got into the tunnel and trampled all over their produce. Michelle if its a way to bring more fresh vegetables to more people, then i say go for it thank you for watching. Good bye. This is jotunheim, home of the giants. Its a high plateau that feels like its the top of the world. These are northern europes highest peaks, and theyre steeped in norse legends and folklore. This is the land of thor and odin, whose spirits still inhabit the misty peaks. For centuries, villagers trekked across this pass to reach the coast. It was an arduous journey, but today, crossing it is a pleasure. At 4,600 feet, the sognefjell road is norways highest pass. At this latitude, even these modest altitudes take us high above the tree line, with snow through the summer. Norways lunarlike mountainscapes and deep fjords were shaped by glaciers that covered most of the continent 10,000 years ago. Europes largest surviving glacier, jostedal, is still hard at work. It covers 180 square miles, and, though shrinking, is still mighty. Of the many tongues of the glacier, this one, called nigardsbreen, offers the best visit. The valley comes with a quintessential glacier view. The approach includes a cruise across the glacial lake. The scale is enormous, and blue cliffs of ancient ice dwarf awestruck visitors. Park guides lash on crampons and rope up adventurous travelers in preparation for an icy hike. While there are more demanding nigardsbreen routes, im joining a family hike just an hour, but offering an unforgettable experience and bringing you face to face with the power and majesty of nature. While tentative at first, hikers soon gain confidence with their crampons as they climb high onto the glacier. 75 years ago, this glacier filled most of this valley. Guides teach a respect for nature, and any visit heightens ones awareness of the impact of climate change. Yys center in old saybrook, connecticut, its the kate. Theres two ana gasteyers. Im with tv people and i, someone goes, what are you doing, this weekend and im, ive got a concert. Oh, i didnt know you sang. Yeah, i sort of have this other life. I was a very disciplined and rigorous musician as a child, played violin, then i went to interlocken which is an internationally known Music Program as a violinist, god help me, and that was what i sort of thought i was going to be when i grew up. playing violin but i went off to college and i found comedy and i loved comedy and i found sort of my tribe. I was encouraged to go to los angeles and i joined the groundlings. The groundlings, thank god, is a really big launching pad for saturday night live. They scout there and they saw me next thing i knew i was on National Television on a huge well known platform