Intro This is my opinionated list of four approaches to building websites and web applications. Publicly hosted on the internet, serving HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, etc over HTTP. #1: Hugo Static Sites + Progressive Web Apps Static websites are boring. Vendors rarely talk about them because the margins are miniscule compared to flashy, compute-heavy services. It is seen as a table stakes offering. Though they have received more attention during the “JAM Stack” trend, my position is that they are still underappreciated and underutilized.