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Outnumbered and literally outgunned. Everything that everyone did was an act of bravery. When you are in the line, youre one person. They were about protecting mankind based on those values. That to me has always been the mainstay of how you actually win over evil. It was the most monumental military operation in modern history. Dday, june 6th, 1944. Now 75 years later, we look back in remembrance on those beaches, the triumphs, the tragedy and the brilliant plans that ultimately liberated a continent. Tonight, you will hear the stories of some of our heroes and you will join them as they journey back to normandy. Im martha maccallum. Thank you for joining us for remembering dday, a 75th anniversary special. There was nothing like the german machinery. The capability and leadership of the German Military which was absolutely first rate. They militarized the rhineland, sending troops in there, and they were under orders from hitler that if they encountered any opposition whatsoever, they were to stop. They encountered no opposition. Led by a maniacal and determined adolf hitler, nazi forces laid a systematic plan to seize europe. They got away with it and they then staged the takeovers of austria and czechoslovakia. They then took poland. Amassed for the invasion of poland. The beginning of the blitzkrieg. Just two days after poland fell, france and britain declared war on germany. Poland has been guaranteed by Great Britain and france and this compels them to declare war. They took took denmark, norway, belgium, the netherlands. Every leader in europe who was listening to germany being nazified, so to speak, with this fundamentally corrupt and barbaric ideology, didnt want to believe that this would dominate europe. German forces were able to trap the british and french armies on the coast at dunkirk. The french began to negotiate at that point. In june of 1940, british troops were surrounded and forced to evacuate france at dunkirk, leaving the french at the mercy of nazi forces. They really didnt have the ability to deal with this modern german army. The cancer was too deep. On june 14th, paris fell. With france occupied, hitler turned his attention to britain. In july of 1940. In the battle of britain, england stood alone and was ravaged by hitlers bombers. The nazi air force or luftwaffa began to bomb the city of london, terrified residents with a relentless bombardment. They didnt have precision bombing. They were basically carpet bombing the city of london. The british Prime Minister Winston Churchill rallied the british people to stay strong. Hes the voice of british determination to stick it out, fight nazi germany to the bitter end. By the fall of 1940, london was devastated. France had been divided into two parts. In the south, the free zone or v vichy france. In the north, occupied france, where the gestapo reigned. It was a military dictatorship. They started rounding up the Jewish Population of paris in waves and holding them and then ultimately most of those people were sent to the concentration camps, auschwitz and elsewhere. Many of them to die. The allies were dangerously close to the point of no return. They didnt react quickly enough, in my judgment, to what was happening, and push back and try to contain germany, in a sense incentivized hitler. Across the atlantic, the United States was waiting and watching. We shall send you in everincreasing numbers, ships, planes, tanks, guns. That is our purpose and our pledge. While not directly declaring war, the u. S. Government sent supplies and artillery to britain. Roosevelt called for an unprecedented peacetime draft under the selective training and service act. The military was very concerned. They needed to deal with germany and we would be forced to get into that war. In early august of 1941, president roosevelt and british Prime Minister churchill drafted the atlantic charter. It said that the democratic powers of the world should oppose all expansion by force, should not seek accretion of territory on their own and should espouse and encourage and try to defend freedom for all people. The democracy the west had known for two centuries hung in the balance. The world needed a saving grace. 1941, a date which will live in infamy. Japan attacked pearl harbor, roosevelt went to congress and asked for a declaration of war. He got his declaration of war. In support of japan, germany declared war on the United States on december 11th, 1941. The United States was then officially an allied power. Workmen are now breaking records manufacturing weapons for war. Roosevelt called for production of 50,000 aircraft in a year. Everybody thought he was crazy. They did it twice. It began right away to shift from a peacetime economy to a wartime economy, rationing of all strategic materials, food and everything else. As the home front ramped up for war, so did the soldiers that were to storm the beaches of normandy on dday. I was supporting my mother and father and i was chosen from a regular infantry division. I was a platoon sergeant. I volunteered to go with the first airborne, not knowing what was what but i think it was one of the wisest choices i ever made. They were unaware of the Critical Role they would play in one of historys most pivotal battles for world peace. You draw the strength to fight against Something Like that from the values and will of the people themselves. And that is how you can stand up against Something Like that, because you know its evil. And it has to be stopped. We call it the mother standard of care. Its how we care for our Cancer Patients like job. When he was diagnosed with cancer, his team at ctca created a Personalized Care plan to treat his cancer and side effects. So job could continue to work and stay strong for his family. This is how we inspire hope. This is how we heal. We love you, daddy. Good night. I love you guys. Cancer Treatment Centers of america. Appointments available now. Outgunned, outnumbered, outmatched. They radioed for help. Between 1941 and 1943, fighting in the pacific was raging. We had reached the turning point in the pacific after midway in 42, things had now turned around and the allies were on the advance in the pacific. Then the United States did turn its focus to defeating hitler. Churchill believed the only hope england had to prevail in the war was to get the United States into the war on their side, and so what we see is a series of 13 summit conferences. In may of 1943, the trident conference was held in washington, d. C. Roosevelt, churchill and other top american and British Military leaders were in attendance. They said we want to invade europe as soon as we can. George marshall believed the only way to defeat the germans or defeated them quickly was to force them into decisive battle. They began to conceptualize a large scale Amphibious Assault into france. Operation overlord, the clandestine plan to invade normandy and begin to reclaim europe was born. Over the next year and a half, allied leaders developed an intricate plan of legendary proportion. They designate a chief of staff and ultimately, make Lieutenant General to fill that role, the initial general who did the planning for Operation Overlord. The plan was to land with forces of the other allies, destroy the German Military and cause the germans to realize they have to surrender. Eisenhower was in charge of the operation. He was the overall commander in chief, and field Marshall Montgomery was in charge of the invasion force once it got into france. Breaking through german defenses into occupied europe would be a monumental task. In massive quantities, tanks roll from the nazi production line. Despite an obvious nazi advantage, the concept of an allied invasion still haunted hitler. Hitler issued fear directive order number 51, saying the greatest risk to the germans was british and american landing that he anticipated in the west. That was when he appointed rommel to command that and he began shifting troops from the east to the west at that time. The germans were building obstacles for three years prior to the invasion and they were formidable and they put the obstacles in the water that would deny ships the ability to land, there were mines in the water as well. The beaches themselves were just littered with obstacles. Almost a solid wall of steel and iron and guns. This feat of engineering was hitlers atlantic wall. It stretched across northern france and continued up the coast through norway. What the allies wanted is to have to keep those germans dispersed along the coastline so they would not be able to focus their effort in one place. The key to ensuring the invasion force would face a vulnerable german army was choosing a strategic landing point. They picked normandy because the germans expected the landing to come, the invasion to come at calais. The french region was closer to england and therefore more probable invasion point than the beaches of normandy. The five beaches were utah, omaha, gold, juno and sword. They were spread out among 60 miles of coastline. A shrewd point of infiltration was only part of the comprehensive mission. The masterminds of the invasion were also tasked with organizing an extraordinary number of troops on the ground to storm those five beaches. We were going to try to liberate a continent. We have to put millions of men through this beachhead. 11,000 airplanes, 50,000 vehicles and 6,000 ships to include Landing Craft. Never before in the history of military operations has there been anything like that and never has there been anything since. There are three British Empire beaches, gold is a british beach, juno is the canadian beach, sword is the other british beach. The two american beaches, omaha and utah. During 1943 and 1944, the nazis had most of their efforts focused on the soviet union in the east, increasing the allies chances of victory at normandy. Meanwhile, allied leaders co choreographed the invasion, keeping the details classified even from those who would fight on the front lines. We knew that we were going to have an invasion. How, where, what, why, we had no conception. In addition to keeping it all a secret, extraordinary steps were taken to mislead hitlers army in an effort to keep them dispersed. The deception plan for Operation Overlord is about imagination and brilliance. The allies knew they were outnumbered and literally outgunned, yet they were the invasion force. It was operation fortitude north and fort nude souitude so. North tried to convince the troops they were coming through norway and the other, through calais on the french coast. They were two parts of a larger deception plan called operation bodyguard designed to make sure the germans didnt know when and where the allies would land. Both british and american ghost armies were assembled. They designed an American Army group, headed up by a very famous general, George Patton, who actually was in charge of this paper organization. They used extensive radio deception, they broadcast traffic as though there was a real army there. They were representing something called the first u. S. Army group, totally fictitious. They had spies who were Double Agents convincing the germans that these organizations existed. Rooms full of people who just had radios and each one represented a Major Military formation and they would send out signals saying, you know, we need more wheaties, we need more bullets. The allies covered all bases. Not only telecommunication. They used physical deception, they built inflatable tanks and they put them in the area of eastern england. The germans believed they would come from if they would land there. They actually put in place on the ground literally hundreds of airplanes made out of plywood. They put up tents, they kept fires burning so that it looked like they were actively occupied. Reconnaissance aircraft came across into scotland, where the British Army Group was in theory in place. Thats what they saw, so the germans were convinced it was going to be an attack in the northern part of europe, in norway and sweden and those divisions did not move, and they were also convinced that George Patton was going to lead an invasion offset from normandy and that is why those forces never moved either. So that deception was very successful. As hitler prepared for what he perceived to be an impending attack through Northern Europe and calais, american, british and canadian troops continued to rehearse for the real battle that would take place at normandy. [ sigh ] not gonna happen. Thats it. Im calling kohler about their walkin bath. My name is ken. How may i help you . Hi, im calling about kohlers walkin bath. Excellent happy to help. Huh . Hold one moment please. [ finger snaps ] hmm. Its soft. The kohler walkin bath features an extrawide opening and a low stepin at three inches, which is 25 to 60 lower than some leading competitors. 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Once again, thats. And financing is available for qualified purchasers. All along the coast of Great Britain, the training went on. Navy and coast guard landing barges practiced landing operations day and night. We were suddenly training on cliffs on the west coast of england. We started hey, more cliffs, we must have some cliff climbing in our future. The training would soon prove invaluable as a blueprint for dday utilized diverse forms of military might with methodical coordination. The pathfinders, an elite group of paratroopers, would be the first of the invasion force to deploy, set to land behind the beaches. Their mission is to set up navigation zones for the armada of aircraft that are coming. Aircraft that followed would bring more paratroopers prepared to land behind enemy lines and fortify the western edge of the invasion zone. Bombers were then set to swoop in and pummel german artillery hubs along the coast, and continue the assault throughout the morning. Gliders would then follow the bombers, landing behind the bluff to fulfill the same objectives as the paratroopers while also bringing with them weapons and medical supplies and navigation tools. Finally, the operation would culminate in an onslaught of amphibious vehicles and higgins boats. On board, tens of thousands of allied troops equipped to forge path the bluffs and rescue france. The tanks were to go in first, in the first wave. And the second wave to come in about 20 minutes later, more Landing Craft. Each one of those Landing Craft was completely scripted. They held 30 men and each one had so many rifle men, so many bazooka men, so many mortar men, so many flame throwers, so many engineers that could deal with barbed wire, that sort of thing. As a member of the 110st airborne division, vincents training focused on parachuting. I was aide to the general. He said were jumping this afternoon. What do you say to the general . Yes, sir. We went down to the field. The colonel said the red light goes on, you shuffle up to the door, as soon as the green light goes on, he wanted the flame and the jump. I got a call from the general, second in command, the 76th division, asking me how would i like to be a First Sergeant of a ranger company. Leonard trained to storm the beach by sea as part of the second ranger battalion. We had already been trained in the states as far as Amphibious Training was concerned. It was always called the frog men, s. E. A. L. S today. There was a foregone conclusion we were going to be successful. That was about a year for many of the soldiers. We were fortunate to have that time to prepare. The day drew closer, and the true process of the mission was revealed. Little by little, they were feeding us information. Oh, normandy, they simply told us you open your mouth, youre out of here. Commission was that when we landed, we had to take the ground and we had to try and establish a foothold on the france proper. They wanted to do it, the initial date was to be on the 5th of june. It was finally time for the troops to embark on their journey to the coast of france. We ended up going down to one of the airfields a few days ahead of time. We knew what was coming. A meteorologist told them the weather was relatively clear on the 4th, was going to be awful on the 5th and ike decided he had to postpone it. Terrible, stormy, rainy, windy. There was a break in the horrible weather. Why general eisenhower changed it from the 5th to the 6th but that was his only opportunity. They had to have at least about 30 hours lead time for the ships to leave all over the united kingdom. We loaded on to the transports that were going to take us over. We left nightfall. Fooled by operation bodyguard and the impending weather, field Marshal Erwin rommel left his post. He was visiting his wife on her birthday. He was going to see hitler. Their leaders knew they were sending many of these young men to certain death. General eisenhower prepared the troops for battle. You are about to embark upon the great crusade toward which we have striven these many months. The eyes of the world are upon you. Just walked into the plane and that was it. No one knew the pilot and copilot. Never saw them before. Thousands of troops made the voyage across the English Channel towards the shores of normandy. Many became seasick in the stormy waters, but the storm in the skies would be nothing compared to the storm that the allied soldiers would encounter in just a matter of hours. Carvana is six years old this year and is the Fastest Growing place to buy a car in the nation. Its because we have thousands of people working hard to make our customers experiences the best. Its because we have tens of thousands of cars ready to be delivered to your doorstep. And its why hundreds of thousands of happy customers have ditched the dealership and bought their car online, earning us an average 4. 7 stars in the process. So if you didnt know about us before, you do now. Were carvana, and we want to give you the car buying experience you deserve. Is it to carry cargo or to carry on a legacy . . Its show of strength or its sign of intelligence . In crossing harsh terrain or breaking new ground . This is the time to get an exceptional offer on the mercedes of your midsummer dreams at the mercedesbenz summer event, going on now. Lease the gla 250 suv for just 329 a month at the mercedesbenz summer event. Mercedesbenz. The best or nothing. As the sun went down on the 5th of june, the thunderous roar of engines and the buffeting of the wind filled the soldiers ears. As they made their initial descent toward normandy. We were in transport ships. We went across in the darkness on the night of the 5th to the 6th. The night started crawling over us li us. We didnt have much moonlight then. Shortly after midnight and without moonlight, gliders of the British Sixth Airborne Division began landing east of sword beach. Pilots relying heavily on their instruments. I became aware of aircraft early in the morning of dday. I heard the motors of 13,000 american aircraft, british, too, coming over in waves. One of the allies initial objectives was to seize two bridges over the river in order to keep german tanks from mounting a counter attack along the coastline. While many soldiers landed in expected territory, others missed their landing zone. British gliders which were monstrosities, they took a terrific beating. However, 20 minutes past midnight after a number of casualties, three gliders landed in sight of their objective, and the swing bridge code named peg pegasus was captured by the british. The first glider landed having cruised for ten minutes. They succeeded in capturing it within three minutes. As the british sent out the coded success signal, ham and jam, to their allies, Operation Overlord was under way. The order of invasion planned by the mastermind, launched. Initially, specially trained paratroopers went in called pathfinders. They carried lights and radio beacons, set off the beacons and that was to be used by the pilots following them with the main paratroopers that would come in. They were then followed by the main body of paratroopers from the 82nd and 101st airborne. They too were widely scattered, which made it hard for them to do their job. These american paratroopers had obscured landing zones due to lowhanging clouds that blocked moonlight. Paratroopers fell in the sea, drowned in flooded areas, were blown up in the air by the germans. Some dropped so low that their parachutes didnt even have a chance to open. You see these tracer bullets coming up and as you get closer to the ground, you could hear the ground fire. You jumped into the towns, you went into the woods. All i know, i landed, laid there a second, then ran my hand down my leg to make sure no bone was sticking out, put my shoe on and just ran around trying to make contact with people. Wherever they landed, they had to figure out where they were located and their commanders told them go to the nearest objective, to that location, and that was a brilliant tactic. American paratroopers dropped in adjacent to the main road in cherborgue and Ground Fighting with the german troops ignited. Then as planned at approximately 2 00 a. M. , an allied assault from the skies ensued, with bombers targeting german points of defense along the beach in an effort to minimize the supply of weaponry aimed at the invading allies. Now, this area of bombardment also is very focused, because theres no secret now to where were going. Carrying supplies and artillery to support the paratroopers, more gliders then swooped in, also struggling to make their landing points. Jim pratt, the assistant division commander, his glider landed and he got killed. The gliders were just scattered all over the place. Meanwhile, after a few hours of fighting, the town became the first in france to be liberated. It was then time for the largest part of the invasion, the Amphibious Assault. It came over the intercom or loud speaker, said man your boats, were going ashore. The invasions going to be started. At 6 30 a. M. , also known as hhour, the first of the sea borne troops landed on omaha beach, giving troops of the initial bombardment hope to turn the wreckage around. The landing at utah beach was a mile and a half east of where it was supposed to, because the tide coming in created a current that moved the Landing Craft eastward and it was not as heavily defended as the intended beachhead was. We had a threepronged mission here. Find those guns and destroy them so they cant kill thousands of men. That was number one. Number two, get out to the coast road and establish a roadblock so that the germans cant get from utah beach to omaha beach, and the third part of the mission was to destroy all German Communications so the germans could not talk to each other. Companies or groups of Landing Craft were deployed consecutively, each with a separate mission. Leonard came ashore as the commander of company d, in conquest of an important german artillery hub high on the cliff. We pushed the buttons, throw these rockets up over the cliff. That cliffs a hundred feet high. The guys pull ropes to get traction so they can climb the rope. I was the first one shot, through the right side, and i didnt know who shot me. Landing at utah beach went very smoothly. They had just about 200 fatalities on dday, far fewer than they expected. On omaha beach, the death toll was much higher. Army intelligence underestimated the number of highly effective german soldiers in the area and preliminary air and naval bombardment were unsuccessful in knocking out Strong Defense targets. As soon as the germans saw the boats and realized they were landing, they opened fire. Germans had two machine guns, the mg34 and md42. The md42 was probably the best machine gun made in the world. On omaha, it was a matter of getting out of the water was a problem. Getting on the beach was a problem. Getting inland was a problem. All of this took hours to do. The counter attacking forces in france right away, they start to mobilize those forces. Theyre standing up there shooting. They were dropping mortars. They were doing everything to keep us from landing. As the death toll continued to climb on the beaches, it seemed as though the allies were no match for the nazi defenses. E which brought people together to invest in all the things that move us forward. Every day, invesco combines ideas with technology, data with inspiration, investors with solutions. Because the possibilities of life and investing are greater when we come together. By 7 30 a. M. , field Marshal Erwin rommel who was at home in germany celebrating his wifes birthday, started to make his journey back to headquarters. After his chief of staff informed him that the invasion was under way. The German News Agency trans ocean said today in a broadcast that the allied invasion had begun. Invasion operations began with the landing of Airborne Troops in the area at the mouth of the seine river. In normandy, the assaults continued. Allied soldiers on the other beaches fared better compared to troops on omaha who were leaderless and terrified. Survivors who made it past the bluff huddled at the top together, witnessing dead and dying comrades as they attempted to push further inland. You can imagine the intimidation thats taking place there with the soldiers, when you step out off that Landing Craft, and youre watching people being mowed down around you, and actually what is graphically happening to their bodies right in front of your eyes. Youre seeing something that youve never, ever seen before in your life. And youre seeing it not just occasionally, youre seeing it all around you, when the water is actually running with blood, and yet you are still trying to move forward. And thats where the courage comes in. Thats where the training comes in. Thats where the tenacity comes in. Despite his wounds, leonard and the second rangers made it, but the german guns were nowhere to be found. The germans stuck telephone poles to make it look in aerial photographs that they were still there. They had to go on a hunt for them. But the cost in the lives of his rangers had already been so high. I landed with 22 guys, when i started up the cliffs. I lost half of them. Finally, around 11 30 a. M. , conditions started to improve. Ships closed in on the beaches and blasted the german positions at pointblank range. Troops reached the cliffs and allies along the coast poured inland. We quickly stuffed a lot of grenades in our jackets the guys gave us and ran back, and used the rest of them on the remaining guns, and it didnt make any noise, it didnt draw any attention from the germans. The sheer thrust and force of what was taking place overwhelmed that counter attacking force. One of the problems that they suffered from, and it goes back to the deception plan itself, is that we held them dispersed over 2,000 miles of coastline. By early afternoon on dday, the forces that had come across utah beach and the airborne began to link up inland. German strong points were seized, including strategic fortification wn72, opening the route to the main road. The natives there, they were very, very helpful. They would tell you where german installations or where german soldiers were at on the peninsula. The people were tremendous, even though a lot of them may have been in jeopardy. By being able to move in and get some depth in terms of terrain ownership, now you have enlargement. Once you are able to do that, now you can bring in tanks, now you are building a major, major capacity. By Late Afternoon with rommel back at headquarters, hitler finally issued an order. It stated the entire normandy beachhead must be cleaned up by no later than that night. It was already too late by the time rommel returned, they were already firmly established ashore. He believed the war was over. He advised that hitler should negotiate a deal with the allies, because they werent going to win in the west. At the end of the day, the allies forged behind enemy lines and field Marshal Montgomery took control of the troops on the ground, as the invasion phase of european liberation ended. The groups started to get together. We felt we had accomplished what we were sent there to do. Just two months later on august 25th, the allies took back paris, establishing a foothold in france from which the liberation of the rest of western europe would originate. After the liberation of paris, the operation moved into belgium and north of france. What the americans did in landing in normandy was preserve western europe for democracy but had this not happened, its possible the germans would have dominated europe into the 21st century. I think throughout the whole invasion of europe, the ingenuity of the american soldier was what won the war. In total, casualties on dday reached approximately 10,000. They were all fathers, sons, brothers, husbands. They all had families. As the word began to get back, there was enormous grief over the losses. I was asked one time do you ever think of getting killed or being a hero and my answer was no one ever wanted to get killed. I think what we need to take away from that is the lesson that freedom isnt free, it has a very high cost, and that people in a democracy have to be willing to pay that price if we want to preserve the liberty that we enjoy today. Coming up next, dday veterans return to normandy to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the invasion. Truecar is great for finding new cars. Youre smart, you already knew that. But its also great for finding the perfect used car. Youll see what a fair price is and you can connect with a truecar certified dealer. Now youre even smarter. This is truecar. Veterans who stormed those beaches on june 6 back in 1944 ventured back to those hallowed grounds as part of the excursion group called the greatest Generation Foundation normandy experience. They never forgot the triumphs or the horrors of that day. I came back it was ten years after the invasion. It was very hard for me the first time. You know, too many memories. I broke down and i cried. For 70 years, i never talked about it. The french people, especially in this part of the country, they absolutely love us because we liberated them. This is called higgins boat. Churchill said the higgins boat helped win the war. So i used this for the invasion of normandy and then the invasion of southern france. He made numerous trips to and from omaha beach in this type of higgins boat, bringing troops to the shore. When i drop the ramp, i had 32 men on the boat. Three men got off and they were killed immediately right here. The rest of the kids were on the boat, 27 of them laid wounded or dead and they were crying mama, mama, mama. So sad. So sad. The two machine guns, they took away from us because they were afraid of friendly fire. There was no friendly fire. The only fire was from the germans. What the germans fired that day claimed the lives of thousands. Members of an Eternal Brotherhood to which frank and fellow veteran steven still belong. They visited some of their lost brothers at the war cemetery. The way i look at it, some took a hit for me. Thats why i go back with deep respect for these guys. 400,000 people lost their lives, all over the world, and all the worlds seas and oceans. Most who died were 18, 19, 20 years old. We hit the beach with two british divisions, they were right there with us, and they took the fight just as badly as we did. I think my generation was better prepared, because we were tougher. Both veterans vowed to ensure that the memory, dday and those who died there will never be forgotten. Its not easy. Many people were killed, traumatized, and millions of people suffered. I was very fortunate to have good health, able to give a message a message and i like to make sure they realize that our freedoms not cheap. I have two people watching over me. People died all around me but god was good to me. My generation was a generation that went to europe and the pacific, and we saved the world from the tyranny of the japanese and the germans. That was my purpose. These are my heroes. They think were heroes. Were not heroes. Were survivors. These are the heroes. These are the heroes. At the Pivotal Moment the allies established that first beachhead in normandy, 75 years have passed. Today, we honor our brave. In general eisenhowers words, to these we owe the high resolve that the cause for which they died shall live on. Thank you for watching. Harvey levin the objects People Choose to keep in their home define who they are. This is. These are the dice from high rollers on which you were a contestant. I was. Who did not do particularly well. Harvey im harvey levin. This is the story of a man whos been welcomed into millions of homes across the globe for more than three decades. Welcome to jeopardy as we begin another week. Alex was a young hellraiser in canada, something that enraged his mom. She would whack me pretty hard sometimes. If i did something that she considered. Stupid. But after his parents divorced, alex was shipped off to boarding school,

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