Essar's overall decarbonisation strategy aims to reduce refinery emissions with 2 state-of-the-art projects - industrial carbon capture announced at Stanlow in November 2022 and planned to be operational by 2028 (the project will result in an annual reduction of 1 million tons of CO2), and hydrogen fuel switching involves switching from natural gas and other refinery fuel sources to hydrogen as a fuel, resulting in an annual reduction of about 1 million tons of CO2.