Malaria kills hundreds of thousands of people every year, and these are mostly children, and mostly in africa, according to the who, the new vaccine showed an effectiveness of 75 . Here is what general secretary voos said about it. When i was researching malaria, i dreamed of the day when we would have a safe and effective vaccine against it, and lo. Now we have two. Since 2000, the death rate from malaria has fallen by more than half, and we have succeeded in eradicating it in many parts of the world. Oxford University Researchers have developed a new vaccine. In a few minutes lets hear the opinion of one of the heads of the center for infectious diseases, first a few facts about malaria. This disease is caused by the socalled plasmodium a malaria parasite that. Is spread by the bite of infected insects , according to the latest data from voos, in 2021 , more than 6,000 people died of malaria in the world, and there were almost a quarter of a billion cases of this disease, we are talking about that 2021 year. 95 of all malaria cases occur in african countries and in children under 5 years of age, this is the most Vulnerable Group at risk of dying from malaria. In the 21st year, this group fell almost 80 of all deaths in africa. The new vaccine will be available in some countries by the middle of next year and will cost between two and four cents. Bbc correspondent nsoi followed Clinical Trials of a new vaccine in tanzania. A lifesaving blow to one of the most dangerous african killers. Children, malaria. The search for this vaccine has been decades in the making, and for the past three years Clinical Trials have been ongoing in volunteers like this threeyearold girl, hajira. Malaria is very common in this part of the world, so almost everyone understands how important it is. Families this woman had already had to deal with malaria, but this breakthrough changed the situation dramatically. The girls mother, 39yearold manzi, had good reasons for involving the youngest of her six children in the study. I lost my nephew, he was only four years old when he died of malaria, so when i heard there was a vaccine trial going on, i said i wanted to take part because it would help us. Here in the bahamas, tanzania, 600 children participated in the study, and each parent has a story about this disease. Every year all over the world malaria kills about 6,000 people. These are mostly african children under the age of five. And even after the invention of the vaccine, doctors urge to use proven means of protection against infection. This disease is spread through mosquito bites. They transfer it from infected people to healthy people, launching the parasite that causes malaria into the body. The p21 vaccine kills the parasite just before it infects the liver, thereby preventing severe illness or death. Results of the last stage of the study exceeded expectations. We found that at least one year after three doses of the vaccine, its effectiveness is about 75 , which is significantly higher than what was found in ziel, which is really impressive. But there is still a lot of work to do. Now the vaccine needs to be delivered to villages and towns across africa. But many families have already felt relief, because the lives of their children are now safe. Professor adrian hill is a key figure behind the development of the vaccine. He is the founder of the Jenner Institute at the university of oxford, and this institute is one of the the largest academic Vaccine Centers in the world. He says vaccine production should be started as soon as possible. We have vaccines against viruses, we have vaccines against bacteria, but for malaria, we havent had a vaccine against any parasitic diseases, and malaria parasites are 500 times larger than a normal virus, say the covid virus, they have 500 genes, in we didnt have the opportunity to test them all in Clinical Trials, but we did a lot of experiments, and technically, it was very difficult. In general, the search for a vaccine against malaria started back around 1908, and now the sooner we get a new vaccine in place, the sooner we can reduce malaria deaths. About 620,000 deaths, it was a few years ago, and a year and seven years ago. Overall, we have not made progress in the fight against malaria. And this, despite the fact that 4. 5 billion dollars a year are spent on drugs, spraying and other traditional means of combating it. We needed something new, and now we have it. So, this can really be a fantastic breakthrough because Clinical Trial results show approximately 75 efficacy. So, if you calculate, it is possible. Will save hundreds of thousands of lives if this vaccine is available where it is most needed. Indeed, the good news is that children in poor areas of africa today have already received up to 10 vaccines, it is most important that they receive it, and it is getting there. The challenges are that it is necessary to finance its production, to send teams for vaccination, and also to take into account the agedependent timing of vaccination children these vaccinations are given at the age of 567 months, and not immediately after birth, or at nine months. So that means additional vaccinations, but when you analyze it, its absolutely clear that its costeffective. In what. The uniqueness of the new malaria vaccine professor hills colleague, lisa stockdale, a senior immunologist at the Jenner Institute, where the vaccine was developed, talks about its similarities and differences to the covid vaccine. This vaccine actually works on a completely different platform, although it is very similar to the covid vaccine. We enter in the body part of the pathogen, which does not cause the disease. So, for example, we used adhesion protein from covid. And in this vaccine we use something different, that is , a part of the malaria parasite, to accustom the body to this pathogen, even before a person can become infected. And another difference of the new vaccine is the possibility of its mass production, due to the fact that it requires a smaller dose and uses a simpler adjuvant, that is, a chemical substance contained in the vaccine and. The immune system to action, and professor laurensonline says mass immunization programs will need hundreds of millions of doses of the new vaccine to succeed, which he says is possible. This is the new r21 vaccine, it has many similarities with rtsss. The last one, which you remember, was the approval of voz two years ago, and we can be quite sure that it is. Is as safe as the previous one, and thats really encouraging because, as we said, a million doses of rtsss have already been distributed, so its great to know that we have a safe vaccine. Test data means that the new the vaccine is more effective than rts, which is also great news for everyone. But i think the difference between the two is critical because gac sir smith kline was only able to release an average of 10 million doses of vaccine. In the following years, and it is not even close to the required amount. More than 29 countries have applied for this drug and would like to include it in the malaria vaccination program. So. The real need is hundreds of millions of doses, and we have seen during the covid pandemic that providing people with hundreds of millions of new vaccines is possible. Institute sera of india, as far as i know, was able to produce 200300 million doses of anticovid vaccines per month for one year, so i mean we are working on a completely different scale, the galaxy smith cline rts vaccine was not enough because it was available only minor children in specific african countries. The same new vaccine can quite realistically be brought to the entire territory of africa, and then you need to think about countries outside africa, for example, the countries of south asia, there is still malaria there, and People Living in asia or south america, would also like to get vaccinated. I think the Serum Institute in india is working on it now and could produce 100 million doses next year. So there is real hope that everyone who wants to get. Vaccinations, will be able to be vaccinated, and the distribution of Malaria Vaccines will begin shortly. Artificial intelligence is already being used to identify parts of human dna that can be responsible for the development of thousands of diseases. The development, led by google deepmind, is expected to accelerate efforts to diagnose and treatment of many diseases, including various types of cancer. Like people Artificial Intelligence helps, further in the plot. Dna is a part of human life, it contains information about the structure of the human body, however, if the genes have errors, it can cause disease. Scientists at this laboratory in cambridge are looking for genetic errors with the help of modern machines, but Artificial Intelligence can speed up these searches. I expect it to become an important part of ours. Of research in molecular biology and natural sciences. I dont know which one it will give results, but these studies can change a lot in our work. Experts at google deep mind have developed an Artificial Intelligence tool that can make it much easier to find genes with defects or mutations. The knowledge we have gained is limited. We know an insignificant part, we know that 1 10 of the mutation. Misenses are either benign or diseasecausing. According to our model, this proportion reaches 89 , the body reads dna to create long chains of chemicals called proteins, they are the Building Blocks from which tissues are formed, precisely from our bodies, muscles, skin and nerve cells are built from them. The new system can determine whether pieces of dna. Produce healthy protein, the system has been tested by an organization that conducts research for the National Health service. This new tool will help scientists do the really important work of understanding genetic data and using it to benefit patients and their clinical teams. Artificial intelligence is a powerful new tool for science. It allows researchers to see things they couldnt to see earlier and ultimately accelerate development. New methods of treatment. So, lets summarize a new vaccine developed by oxford scientists was called a breakthrough in the fight against malaria. The World Health Organization has approved the oxford vaccine, which will be massproduced by the indian Serum Institute. Scientists say the new vaccine could save hundreds of thousands of lives, mostly in africa. In total , there are more than 200 m new cases of malaria and more than 6,000 deaths in the world every year. Testing carried out in tanzania vaccines showed effectiveness at the level of 75 . And thats all for today, look for more stories on our website bbc. Ua and on our social media pages. Keep yourselves. Pain can become an obstacle, walking with steps, not with my knees, from pain in the knees, try cream dolgit. Kremgit relieves pain, reduces swelling and improves joint mobility, with dolgit cream. You can also walk. 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Nine presenters, journalists, experts, a leader. Thoughts in real time are more relevant events through the prism of war in authors projects on espresso. There is a war going on, and not only for territories, it is also a war for minds. Russia is throwing millions of petrodollars into turning ukrainians into little russians. Ukraine will become analysis and analysis of information about ukraine by russian propagandists, specific facts and methods by which. Hostile propaganda turns people into obedient zombies. Residents of the ldnr plan to vote for the historic reunification. We are countering russian information attacks in the chronicles of information war project with olga laziness tuesday, thursday, friday at 17 10 on the espresso tv channel. Hello, this is svoboda ranok, an informational project of radio svoboda. Top guests every day. This is the shipping district, kherson. Turn on live. We are somewhere in the vicinity of bakhmut. We tell the main thing. On weekdays at 9 00. My greetings. You are watching svoboda live, my name is. Kudimov and further about the main thing as of the evening of tuesday, october 3. Zais was actually defeated by the fleet of the Russian Federation in the black sea say the British Ministry of defense and compare this success of the armed forces with the kharkiv breakthrough as a model of success. How it can affect the front of the russianukrainian war and what opportunities remain for the occupiers in crimea. Testing or already. The New York Times writes that russia may have tested a nuclearpowered Cruise Missile at the end of september. What is known about this missile, what makes it dangerous and what are the risks that it may soon be in service with the russian army . 50 billion euros for ukraine. The European Union allocated additional funding to kyiv for the next four years. What will these funds be used for and why hungary agreed to unblock such a decision, as well as how actions in the states affect the mood in europe regarding further military support for ukraine. On the night of october 3, russia conducted another air attack on ukraine. The Defense Forces recorded the activity of Russian Aviation and several groups of kamikaze drones. In total, the air force reports 30 downed drones out of 32 launched by the Russian Federation. Thus, Ukrainian Air defense destroyed 16 shaheds. Over mykolayiv oblast and one over odesa oblast. In addition, antiaircraft defense also worked in the dnipropetrovsk region. 13 drones and one Cruise Missile were shot down there. The commander of the air force of the armed forces of ukraine shared in a telegram a video of the work of the Fighter Aircraft of the air force and the work of mobile groups, fire groups, Defense Forces, from there to the mountain , anu, come on, come on, there is, russia is preparing for tests or has already tested missiles with a Nuclear Engine, about it it is said in the material of the New York Times. Journalists refer to satellite images that show new ground on the launch pad at the northern test site during the week at the end of september special equipment appeared, in particular a tractor with a trailer, which corresponds to the parameters of a Cruise Missile with a Nuclear Engine burevisnyk. They also draw attention to the fact that two russian ros planes. Which collect data on missile launches, were parked at the rogachev air base, about 160 km south of the launch site, and draw parallels that the same aircraft were near the base in 2018, when russia had already tested the borevisnik. In addition, the journalists learned that in the last two weeks , Us Intelligence planes were also tracking planes in the area, and air traffic warned pilots to avoid the adjacent airspace. So, the media summarize, all this may indicate preparation for tests of the burovysnyk nuclear missile, or testing of its rocket engine or a component of the missile itself. I will add that russia has already conducted 13 tests between 2017 and 2019, all of which were failures, according to a report by the nonprofit Arms Control Group the nuclear trid initiative. Well, the tests in 2009 generally ended with an accident and the death of seven people. Ivan karychevskyi, analyst of the defense express military portal, joins our broadcast. Ivan, good evening, my greetings. Good evening. Lets talk about this petrel first, we dont translate it into ukrainian, because it is a russian petrel. What is known about this missile, what makes it dangerous, apart from the actual Nuclear Warhead. You know, i have a starting question to begin with, and who said that there is already a Nuclear Warhead there, well, thats me and that this missile is in principle capable of flying, you know, there is one here in principle, well, kudos to you, lets say , cheers, finally, there is a topic about Russian Missiles , which is nice to discuss, because you know, you wont come across any russian stuff here, there you can discuss for a long time how it is dangerous for us, even, for example, the story of converting spent missiles from s400 into ballistic ones, which our portal also wrote about, but. Well, in the case of this Russian Missile 9730 fighter, well, in fact, the question is whether it can fly, now i will explain how there is such a dissonance, that here we see on the footage that something flies, and im asking the question here, whether she can fly, lets first clarify the principle of the declared operation of this engine, it is not just some minireactor that should fit into a 12m long rocket, it is a mini reactor, attention, which, according to the russians plan, should heat the air so much that it has to create jet thrust and on this jet thrust the rocket must fly, obviously this jet thrust according to the plan of the creators of this rocket should not be enough to take off by itself, because what we see, it flies on a solid fuel, starting accelerator, well that is what it looks like that it flies like a classic rocket with such a jet trail, it is a solid fuel accelerator, the main problem, which, even if it were not allowed, would not allow to practice the launch of this rocket physically, well, that is, since it is with. A thoughtout power plant during 20172018 , well, what the journalists of the New York Times somehow mentioned so casually, and why it all somehow turned around in 2019, is just to work out this Nuclear Power plant, which i will repeat again, it should not just be a mini reactor that can be pushed in into a rocket 12 m in size, it should be a minireactor that still has to heat the air to such a High Temperature that it creates jet thrust, here the question is, in principle , is it possible to create such a. Lets say, an innovative engine that it can fly, well because here it still flies clearly on, well, they just showed us there in a sharp way, there it clearly flew on a solidfuel accelerator , accordingly, even the russians themselves, who you know there love buki, look at how they made money there, i apologize, what analog network we made there and it so it flies, they even they themselves wonder if there is a special unit , a socalled special unit there, a special unit, that is, a nuclear combat unit for this missile. Well, because to begin with, you have to make it fly, understand what its layout will be, and then decide which warhead can be inserted there, so, well, let me repeat again, this is just this rare pleasant case, when you can discuss the shortcomings of the Russian Missile and not to wonder why it is dangerous, because in the literal sense it must fly at the given parameter and the given range. Ivan, i want to immediately to clarify, do you question the conclusions drawn by the New York Times journalists, the fact that they analyzed the data there, saw the geolocation data, or the fact that the russians are still working on this missile of theirs in principle, and generally about the third, that this missile is not , i am now. That the tsaceta is not dangerous, i do not deny the data that they say there, the New York Times journalists stated, here we must give them their due, that they were the first to finally Pay Attention to those data that were literally lying around in Public Access , french journalists just lazily wrote about it there, then this, well here they are, finally, at least someone in authority in the world paid attention to this and wrote , so we are discussing all this, i do not deny the fact that the russians are working on this missile, if they have returned to this, then they have their own. Reasoning, a rational argument, why to do this, why did they do it in 2018, well, this was their strategy, how to play for nuclear escalation, well, for a reason, why threaten a nuclear war, if you can, you know, just have such weapons , which will not allow to clearly identify when a nuclear war started, or when it didnt, but im talking now about the third aspect, that the russians , even if they can declare to themselves that they launched the borevesnik there or not, well , its still, to put it mildly, an untested weapon, even we are the same ha, from other missiles there that were recently discussed, the khbd, the threat there is quite real, well, because the existing x101 missile is there, it will be enlarged in size, accordingly, it is there, such sophisticated russians may well put it into series, but thats a storm cloud, it doesnt even have to be there yet talk about how powerful a nuclear bomb can be screwed in there, well, because to begin with, the russians have not solved the basic problem with the power plant, well, that is, what is the basic one, that the nuclear reactor, which must not heat the air to such a temperature that there will be jet thrust, huh , and then already there to practice its combat application somehow, plus once again it went to that, after all, if you refer to the text, New York Times journalists and more precisely, who they quoted there, well, maybe even american analysts for some reason underestimated the concept that the russians were building, because the russians are exactly this type of combatant, to have a firststrike weapon first, because they were supposed to have such, you know, extensive infrastructure, which could also be from. As a result of a Hypothetical Nuclear attack, and accordingly there there would be no need to wait for a second strike, there would have to be an Immediate Release of this missile, but i will repeat it again, the question is, you know, if they decided to make a Hypersonic Missile there, it would be a problem, because the russians have a history with hypersonics there well, if they did, if they decided to make a new subsonic Cruise Missile, it would be very dangerous, well, they decided to play with their weapons based on new physical principles and to the detriment of the entire civilized world, but they have these physical principles, thank god, do not work as intended, well, actually , why are we talking about danger, because, why am i asking about danger, and because the material says that this burivnik is one of the six types of strategic weapons on level with daggers which you also mentioned the avangard with this planning block, but if we have already mentioned the previous unsuccessful tests , is there any chance at all to track that the tests were successful, or at least there they advanced in order to. Soon use this missile, is it possible is it tracking, in general . Well, if the missile flies as planned, that is, it doesnt just fall there, but , roughly speaking, it flies, and there it was even quoted that the russians played along with the telemetry equipment of two planes, drove them there, well, that is, there if and telemetric in russia the equipment and the american scouts did not just fly for two weeks, including telemetry equipment, in order to understand whether something was flying, if something was flying, they already. Understood, well, because there, they would even have already discussed some specific parameters of the flight, but yes, you see, here too, by the way, if you are already talking about some kind of critical analysis, well, forgive me , the russians have this system in the vanguards, the dagger is already in principle, you know, they are even rethinking its use in the war against us, and the chinese are even rethinking the use of the dagger against us, that is, it is a working system that has been tested, there is already a new carrier, and to compare this development with those dangerous systems, thank god, it did not go beyond the conceptual framework, forgive me, in my opinion, it was a deviation, actually, in the nato classification, these missiles are called skyfall, there are also letters, numbers and skyfall, but if these tests tracked the aircraft of the united states, which you mentioned, this surely means that any tests, including weapons with nuclear potential is very difficult to hide, they are unlikely to go unnoticed, but what does it change for those connected