He wanted to clarify about donald trump, if we are talking about the transformation. Of this personality is political for some kind of cult , you mean a purely internal political story we want, of course, to tie all the possibilities of donald trump to the future development of events regarding ukraine, but still after all, donald trump and his popularity are an internal story, this is an internal story in the republican party, yes , those who are currently most actively participating or potentially can participate in the elections in these primaries are exactly those who adore trump and look at him not as a politician or as a political leader, but as the leader of their cult, similar to this, and this is a very negative phenomenon for republicans, very negative , this is where there is politics, it is already Something Else p gritskaya i you know about what she wanted what to ask you united the states of america have experience from previous president ial campaigns when russia interfered in the election process and this has been proven by american Law Enforcement agencies because the relevant report. Interfere with the legitimate conduct of this campaign do you know how they interfered in previous years, they did not interfere with the legitimate conduct of the elections the elections were conducted negatively, there was no such influence, their main influence will be the Information Space where they distort the appearance of reality , and they are doing it very strongly now, especially on the right wing in the United States, and there are many, namely, those who adore trump, there are many who now to his team they take russian sources like me as legitimate sources and it twists their their uh their thoughts and their approach regarding ukraine and this is and this is a big problem and there is a complete uh information war and against the whole west but especially here the united in the states, there are very, very popular conservative commentators who are very antiukrainian and this is and this is a problem. And they quote russian sources, so this has already started , another topic that we want to discuss with you is the guarantee of security from the United States, you know that the negotiations have already begun on what these security guarantees will look like, i. E. The process from the declaration we heard in vilnius to a concrete document, what do you think how quickly can this happen and will it become such a trigger for others countries that should also quickly join and draw up these guarantees for ukraine, and specific security guarantees must be provided by a legitimate agreement. For example , israel has a specific Security Agreement with the United States, where the United States undertakes to help israel as needed and israel is obliged to australia also has such a specific treaty and, uh, what uh , security guarantees are not guaranteed by a specific treaty that is approved by the senate and which is adopted by the ukrainian parliament, then guarantees without er and even without that contract, such a security guarantee is at the same level as the test, which memorandum is simple and there are no words on paper, behind it there will be a dog and a memorandum where there were no legal aa a and the levers to implement it even without a specific concrete agreement that is approved by the senate and approved by the verkhovna rada, for the sake of security, the socalled guarantees remain paper and this is the most important thing , mr. Grits, saudi arabia is the place where the negotiations will take place, they concern of the future of ukraine, peace talks without russia, but a special representative from china will join this meeting here. It should be noted that previously official beijing did not participate in such events, but now they have shown such an initiative, what does this say about how it will affect the relationship between china and the United States of america . And of course to ukraine, this shows that china is beginning to have a lack of trust in putin and in russia and in the russian victory. How do you look at the Chinese Culture and especially their political culture . They do everything, everything. Carefully and this step that they are taking that they are taking part in this in these in that peace conference and this is a very important step and it shows that the International Support is not even from the western world isnt the democratic world starting to rush for putin, and especially this conference, and the arabs, and there are many countries participating from asia, from the middle east, from africa, and it was russia that was counting on those countries support and now we are beginning to see that it is faltering and chinas participation in this is a big step hell, you said that china no longer trusts russia, and what undermined this trust at what stage . They began to doubt that russia is a reliable partner. I think that this is all that happened with the group of realar and the prigozhina riot showed what political instability exists in russia itself, russia is almost in the same situation as it was in the 17th year , maybe in 16 or 1916, this is such a prerevolutionary stage, there are very serious contradictions in the Russian Federation itself and the chinese, they are very it is monitored there is also a certain ambition, and the chinese have that the far east of the Russian Federation was once chinese territory, and they do not forget it, and they intend that this territory will again be chinese territory, this must also be taken into account. And what do you think was the last straw . That china in particular joined this conference, advisers in National Security aa in saudi arabia , is it possible to say that this is precisely russias exit from the grain corridor, preventing the shipment of grain is possible, and in general, what interest does china have in the ukrainian peace formula which is exactly what is being discussed in this format is very important for the chinese and the indigenous people, and for them especially as it relates to taiwan, because taiwan, and they consider taiwan to be the original territory of china, and for them, it is also a sovereign territory for them, sovereignty, the idea of a sovereign territory, violation of borders like this is very important, and from the very beginning, from the very beginning of the invasion , they made such declarations that they support the sovereignty of the state and, therefore, it is for them president , china and taiwan are very, very sensitive uh, the topic is for kytice and they want to be consistent in this. And regarding uh, russia , uh, well, they see different contexts, and we see that one of the consumers of uh, it is precisely the grain of ukrainian grain that is china and they see that this agreement is falling apart and they see that it is mine , they may suffer because of this, mr. Hrytskovin. And please tell me the peace plan that ukraine is currently proposing. In fact, we did not retreat from it. During this at the time of the fullscale invasion of russia on the territory of ukraine. This is the only plan for us the achievement of victory peace on our territory and other countries. Will they agree to this plan, putting aside their interests on the geopolitical map, or will they bargain for something for themselves, and some surprises may await us during this meeting in saudi arabia . And i note that the first stage of negotiations has begun already on the eve of august 5, today, tomorrow , it will continue. Well , you know, i have psychics. Some of the initiators, and the ukrainians very frankly said that this is the peace theater, and i think that the fact is that ukraine initiated everything through saudi arabia. And it was very good diplomacy on the part of the ukrainians, because the ukrainians are creating the program or the agent peace negotiations and how they can lay down those 10 points as the core of peace negotiations and this will be a big win for the diplomatic field in ukraine exactly and europe , the United States, the anglosaxon world , the Atlantic World has adopted this formula it is given, namely, how the global south will accept this formula, it will be very good for ukraine, mr. Mykola, thank you very much for your comments for your time mykola hrytskovyan , director of the center for the usa ukraine in the city of washington was in direct contact with us, i i suggest at this early hour to change the diplomatic topic to an economic one. Moreover, there is much to talk about, because the economy of ukraine will grow to 3. 5 next year. Gdp growth will reach almost three percent. The National Bank updated its macroeconomic forecast, previously the indicators were at the level of 4. 3 and 2 , respectively, inflation in its turn will be eight and a half percent. In the future, the economy of our country will accelerate, they assure the regulator, and this will contribute to the return of migrants and the recovery of exports. Institute of strategic studies candidates of Economic Sciences mr. Ivan good morning good morning good morning studio good morning columnists mr. Ivan well, we understand that the National Bank of ukraine adjusts its forecasts following the improvement of the forecasts of the International Monetary fund, which took place literally 10 days ago. That is, this is such a technical thing. May, june, and several leading world structures, for example , the European Bank for reconstruction and development, and later the world bank, they gave a forecast for ukraine, and if they said that already in in the current year 2023, the growth will be 1 of gdp , then the World Bank Even lowered this figure to 2 . That is, we see that, in principle, the leading world institutions say about growth, and that is why the National Bank of ukraine is studying all these forecasts and it also agrees with them that this should be expected even for the current year of growth of the economy of ukraine. Growth will be well, according to economic theory, the limit of three percent this is actually what we can say this growth is very loud and yes, but you know, many people were worried about the opposite, ukraine will have a steady decline so that in 2022 it is clear that almost 30 , there was a 29. 7 drop in gdp and that this trend continues because the war continues and, unfortunately, i am being shelled and this night and the previous ones, we all see that russia is destroying, among other things, important economic objects for us that affect the development of our economy, nevertheless, even in spite of this , we have a for it is very good actually that in this situation hai emphasize a little, but still a proverb, mr. Everything, if you look at the forecasts of the National Bank as a whole, they look quite optimistic, they explain it with several factors, one of them is the return of migrants, the recovery of exports and the reconstruction of ukraine in percentage terms, in your opinion, the fate of which will be greater and is it possible to talk about the reconstruction of ukraine now, because the destruction continues. As you have already said , the terror from russia continues. The genocide of the destruction of the ukrainian people continues, and will they dare those immigrants who were forced to leave our country last year should return now, of course, while the war is still going on, it is not appropriate to talk about the fullscale restoration of ukraine. Maybe because it is possible to patch things up , lets say, but it is a very good comparison. In style, and lets say they are being cleaned there like this, you are shooting with a horse and that s it. Unfortunately, in ukraine, certain objects are happening. There are attacks by the Russian Federation, and nevertheless, we see that people are returning , and about two months ago i had a conversation with deputies, for example, of the kyiv council. March 2022, because 1 million 200,000 , at the time when we talked with them, they told me the figure of three and a half million night population of kyiv, and then i already heard 3 million 600. That is, we see that despite this situation, lets say so at least in in kyiv, the population is returning almost to prewar times, we understand that it is so many people who left earlier, and so many people who came to kyiv, as they say to wait out the occupation of their territories, and nevertheless, there are so many people in kyiv and in other cities , at least for in the west of ukraine this contributes to the fact that the economy is more or less developing and when , lets say, full control over this territory of ukraine is restored and the restoration begins , investments will definitely come and this will stimulate people to return to that, first of all, the process recovery, it will lie in, lets say, the future growth of ukraines economy, because when it starts, it will stimulate people to return to ukraine, because on the one hand , payments will be stopped in the countries of the European Union, where they are , and on the other, there will be needs for these people. The main thing is that there will be investments and therefore, the opportunity for people to earn, so if you ask what, first of all , is exactly when the reconstruction will begin and ukraines prospects for investments will be created, you just took it off my tongue i wanted to ask about this before the war, investors in ukraine were attracted to several areas. Yes, this is the agricultural sector, this is green energy , it companies developed here, and in the postwar period, after the war period, which industries will become attractive, and is it possible that now the number of companies that want to invest in some kind of defense will increase enterprises , if it allows, of course, the state is definitely there, the truth is baronial, the sector because it already demonstrates the result, we see all these drones that, uh, previous several things attacked, well, in fact, the territory of the Russian Federation novorossiysk and we understand that our partner does not give us permission to use their weapons. That is, we do not use our own drone, and this is a demonstration of the real capabilities of ukraine in this area, which will be of interest to our partners. Actually, we know that with one of the leading manufacturers of weapons in in the world, the German Company rain metal has already announced that it will submit an enterprise in ukraine. That is, as they say , in practice, it is a demonstration that ukraine has demonstrated the ability to produce good weapons, and therefore, the weapons manufacturers will be interested in producing it in ukraine, because here , after all, what i think is very significant experience ukraine has in this regard , and it is definitely the fathers interest in the fact that companies or branches of companies specifically for the production of weapons will be created here, because they will have some people work. As they say, they have just passed the front and they will have an understanding of what weapons should be and how to make them as effective as possible. As for other sectors of the economy, we will look at them right away. But in principle, the production of weapons is the same machine construction, that is, it is at least related to the industry, so i do not rule out that there will be success here too. By the way, we somehow overlook the fact that, for example, this pot, we have been talking about it for the last 1. 5 years as a country that constantly creates sticks in wheels, but if you look at the structure of goods, the structure of exports to this country before the fullscale war, then 61 of exports were goods, Construction Machinery, thats the same with regard to the statements that ukraine is purely Agricultural Production or of main metals, no, it was just Construction Machinery and i think thats it a good reason for the development of this industry in the future due to the economic potential that will be distributed in the future after our victory. Now you mentioned rain metal, the director of this concert , mr. Papingar. He said that he is interested in building an ee production plant in the west of ukraine now, last week , president Volodymyr Zelenskyi visited zakarpattia and said that gratitude to zakarpattia for the fact that today this region is turning into such a kind of economic hub relocation of Production Companies are moving, opening their offices in transcarpathia, and here, well, a simple, logical question, ivan , is there not going to be such a distortion in the good sense of the word that here in our country, the west of the country will turn into a Business Center and accumulate major investments, and centraleastern southern ukraine in what way it is then equalized and this is a really good question because in general many people say that we have all moved, we are unlikely to return and here a lot will depend primarily on the opportunities in lets say original if this is how you can express yourself as a regionalist, where people came from, that is, you know, many people always repeat the phrase that they were born there , it was necessary because it is quite possible that when normal life is restored in their regions, lets say, they will simply want to return there because they are there we have already seen examples, for example, mykolaiv, when the russians were standing near kherson, and actually in kherson, people from this city left because there was a risk that nearby russian troops, as soon as the russians were expelled from the city of kherson, then to the city people began to return to mykolaiv because they understood that they were being processed here, where russia would not enter, and that is why, even though they moved from their favorite city on the moon, now they are going there, and by the way , the reconstruction that is already taking place is already partially , and the head of the Mykolaiv Military Administration punkim and the mayor of the city, mykolaiv senkevich. They said that there is now very close cooperation in denmark, and in fact Certain Energy facilities are being created there, and such cooperation will, among other things , motivate people to return to those the places where they lived before the fullscale war, and therefore the economy and Employment Opportunities for these people will be affected by this, first of all, they will be created in those places when they want to live and where they will always be logical. In this way, the companys enterprises will be far from russia, we chose for the european vector is the further away from the russian border, the closer to the european one, if there are no planes flying there yet and some logistical problems are complicated , road and rail connections are established, and i am sure that there will be more to develop, therefore, in principle, there are definitely bonuses here, but i return to the thesis that many people think that where i was born there, we needed it, but this does not mean that they will return to the east, that they will be separated from europe. By the way , the survey was very interesting for about three months there therefore, regarding the relation that gives integration in the regions of ukraine, a largescale war was added and after , and it is interesting that there was a map of ukraine, and depending on the percentage , the regions had different colors, and ukraine had several colors , now it is practically one color, that is, approximately the same percentage of support for the European Union. What well, in the western regions, what in the eastern regions, which are under the control of ukraine. That is, it is to the point that the perception of the integration empire is positive both there and there, it is the same, that is, even if people will lets say this, turn back closer to russia, this does not mean that they they were mentally with russia, because here it is just the opposite, people who live in the same kharkiv and who saw with their own eyes what russia is like, they have a very significant internal motivation to go west simply because they understand what it is. What a captured heart, another one the topic is precisely related to the fact that we are discussing with reference to the probably magnificent one, now i will ask a question to our chairman of the National Bank, he noted in one of his speeches that in a few months, ukraine will have to compete for 6. 5 million ukrainian ukrainians, in fact , ukrainian workers who are now in the territory of the European Union precisely in order to bring them back and interest them to work here and here you understand on the one hand a very simple thesis economically justified so the potential of people who can work and pay taxes here to open their own affairs and on the other hand, we all understand that this is inseparably connected with the issues of family composition, yes, children who have been abroad for a year and a half, they are already assimilated there , they go to kindergartens, someone issued a ticket to school and already went there and is unlikely to have a child again means plunging into stress and changing her life again and again how to be with all this its about the same human factor its not only an Economic Economic object a person so definitely you know a lot discussions are conducted with the reason for this is that i am returning people, because they have been in the eu for a year and a half, they have demonstrated it in practice. By the way, ukraines eurasian aspirations have shown how well ukrainians are adapting to life in the eu, which emphasizes once again that ukraine will be an absolutely logical and organic member of the European Union. No less than to return these people, but you know here we should not forget that to a large extent our people now feel normal in the eu countries because while the war is going on local governments they they help our citizens, that is, there are certain subsidies, or rather support, as much as subsidies, as much as support from the governments of these countries, when the war is over , there will be no such support, and the question is whether people will want to stay in the European Union, despite the fact that they owe the support they have there are now on the part of the governments of these countries and it will not be there because it may already arise another question, you know how there was once a very interesting phrase that the poles are so worried about the fact that ukrainians are in them during the war how much because they occupy a place in the queue to see a doctor, where only poles used to be, and now we have to share it with ukrainians. That is, there will be a certain internal pressure from these countries that it would be desirable to return to the people who came from ukraine. Although, on the other hand, here in why the complexity of the question that these people really integrated into the economy, first of all , poland, but there are already many of our citizens there and they contributed their popes, that is, the economy of poland generated positive to a large extent due to the fact that people came who, lets say, contributed contribution to and development, but on the other hand, they created competition in the domestic market , and that political measures will put pressure on poland and other countries to earn everything from themselves as soon as the war ends. It is possible that these people did not