Between the germans and france fortresses fortresses fields view cemeteries how many millions of people died in order to change the border and the europeans, that is the french, came to the conclusion that instead of fighting for that border it is better to integrate so that it does not matter where the border is. I think that we poles and ukrainians also came to the same conclusion and this is a great value that needs to be protected and not allowed to be manipulated or the affairs of the past where it was from both sides, nor any putin intrigues, we will not allow that, it laughs of course, there are still families who suffered during the volyn tragedy, and i should have hoped that the cases of exhumation and commemoration would be resolved, because they must be resolved, and of course, the fact that poland currently has over a million refugees from ukraine sometimes causes irritation. There is quality there. Zadorozhs name is er, but tovshchynsky, but the task of politicians is to explain, and the task of our ukrainian guests is to minimize the reasons for irritation so that ukraine receives as much support as possible, which is good for both of our countries with a poster where it was written that bandera is a criminal about the upa, they also wrote such things about the upa that i cannot repeat on the air, uh, and yours , do it, moms, because for ukrainians, to do for ukrainians, bandera is a symbol of the struggle against russia, the struggle for ukraine, but not at all to those who did something to the poles, he did the same thing to the poles, in fact, here we have a difference in perspectives, but also a difference in education. At that time, but one of his deputies, i cant remember his name now, gave the order to kill a hundred thousand poles, and these are 100 thousand poles, innocent people in 1943, who have their historical roots, what the polish way did in the 17th and 18th centuries, and what before the war, polands policy towards ukrainians in volyn was a policy of forced assimilation, it was a wrong policy, but 100 thousand people were abandoned , and i know that the hero of one nation can be the oppressor of another type, but great nations are capable of admitting their mistakes, we are trying to explain that no one was without fault and with on your part, we also need to do the same, we are asking for yes, uh, our military made such a statement to the germans in the 60s, when the communist government turned the poles against the germans, which also turns the poles against the germans. But it seems to me that this is ineffective because the majority of poles and by the majority of germans, they cooperate well and did not call for more than they should we should not allow populists to win on historical misunderstandings, because it will not bring back life, no victims, none, but it may cause new victims in the future, or may growth where is preparing for the elections again use the prices of simple pages of our common history with poland against ukraine and poland as they have done before as in the same myself i remember 2011 when during the polish presidency in the eu with great efforts also my personal we completed the text Association Agreement between ukraine and the eu, and suddenly a draft resolution appears in the polish diet that changes the attitude towards volyn to the volyn tragedy. Literally a couple of years before that, the polish diet passed a resolution that it was a war a crime with signs of genocide should be simply genocide or an aggravation of the description in the end nothing has changed if we talk about the opinions of historians is the number of victims but someone really wanted to inflame new enmity between ukrainians and poles this is necessary only for the enemies of both our countries when you plan to come to ukraine next time i i will come to the eu conference, that is, the yalta european strategy in kyiv in a month and thank you very much for participating in our program thank you thank you heroes glory thank you very much to our audience i want to say it was radoslav sikorsky and a political figure and public figure of poland, as well as at one time the minister of defense, the minister of Foreign Affairs of poland. 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M. On espresso every week, the saturday Political Club helps to understand the processes taking place in ukraine and the world, Vitaly Portnikov, host of espresso and invitation experts based on facts give their assessment and forecast of the development of events want to understand how our today will affect our tomorrow watch the saturday Political Club that saturdays are not espresso hello this is freedom in the morning informational project of radio svoboda then guests every day this is the ship district of kherson inclusion live we are mining somewhere in the vicinity of bakhmut we tell the main thing on weekdays at 9 00 a. M. The live broadcast of the espresso channel continues. Thank you for being with us and now we will talk about the consequences of the military aggression of the Russian Federation for ukrainians for their health for their souls and bodies, tens of thousands of people have lost their limbs since the beginning of the war, which is an unprecedented number of victims in recent Armed Conflicts in the west, this is written by a sharp journal, the publication reports that during the 17 months of fullscale war, about 50,000 ukrainians lost their arms or legs, citing this figure the publication refers to the estimate of the Worlds Largest producer of prostheses , the German Company otobox, and its medical partners, at the same time as the lower estimate of the number of serious injuries by the kyiv Charity Organization houfu foundation caused by the war is 200,000, according to the foundation, about 10 of severe wounds usually require amputation of the left arm. Well, lets also remind you that the state finances the prosthetics of our defenders, at least it should be like that, but many still turn to volunteer meetings for some Grant Programs in order to provide for itself is the best prosthetics and this is understandable because the quality of the prosthesis is the quality of life and not only we will talk with gnat gerych , head of the department of surgery of the national of the Rehabilitation Center nezlamni anbroken congratulates gnate glory to ukraine glory to ukraine the only thing we understand is that it is absolutely indescribable that a large number of people need prosthetics now and will need it in the future. Calculate the number of ukrainians who need amputation now 50,000 is it a lot or a little considering the military is it only civilians and so on thanks for the question well actually control the total loss of limbs in general, it is very difficult for ukrainians, because it is necessary to introduce general state statistics, and these statistics probably come from all medical institutions of ukraine, and also a large number of amputations occur both in civilians and in the military already abroad in cases when they are evacuated for further treatment, so i think i think that at the moment we cannot contact the exact figure regarding the amputation of limbs, but taking into account the statistics that you actually mentioned, which are provided to us by the Companies Engaged in prosthetics, we can understand the lions share of those patients who have already lost their limbs if we talk about the cost of prosthetics, we understand that it depends on the severity of the injury and the degree of amputation if we can say so well, accordingly , the costs can be different please tell us , please , this is really important for our viewers does the state help or is this enough for a highquality average prosthesis , in fact the situation is as follows, even before the military operations, the state fully took over the prosthetics of all ukrainians who lost their limbs as a result of domestic trauma even now, even due to military trauma, there is a special state program that provides funding for the actual prosthetics in certain medical or prosthetic institutions that deal with this, so in fact , the state covers any lost limb for its prosthetics, but it is about the fact that, of course, the state covers a certain standard amount that can be used at a certain level of the prosthesis, but probably as everyone knows at the moment, there are Different Levels and complexity of the prosthesis in the world which provide better functionality, we are talking about the socalled biomechanics of these mechanical prostheses, this is actually a limb, which , by reading muscle contraction and nerve impulses, can reproduce the movements of the upper limb. Such prostheses are extremely expensive, and of course the state does not however , the ukrainian state covers general functional prostheses, but if the patient expresses a desire or actually has a desire for more hightech prosthetics , then of course it is most likely to be involved volunteers or charitable organizations that help with the financing of such prosthetics in ukraine or abroad, is this production of prostheses, is there any percentage ratio, how many prostheses can be produced in ukraine, in particular, hmm, by the forces of private companies, how do partners help , and which manufacturers of prostheses we now have such , you know, basic ones, this is what you can comment on. Now it is that with the help and great participation of the partners of ukraine, there is a Program Operating throughout the country, when it has more famous prosthetic companies, in particular, we are talking about otobok, which you have already mentioned, this world leader in prosthetics. They already provide prosthetics to ukrainians in ukraine, because the main principle is to treat and provide prosthetics to ukrainians in ukraine. There is such an opportunity for this. Abroad abroad in order to use these technologies and materials provided by our partners through various international wellknown companies to beat ukrainians in ukraine itself and you probably know that already quite intensively a large number of Rehabilitation Centers are being developed, and prosthetic workshops and Prosthetic Centers throughout the country are being developed for this purpose, in order to provide this need that exists and the need that will be for ukraine in the future , eh. I would like to quote a quote from the acute journal. Chief of staff kostyantyn of the zaporizhzhia and he says that centers where people with amputations are treated and rehabilitated should be in every city of ukraine, they should be as ordinary as dentistry. And we know about ambrokhem i am definitely familiar with the work of this center. But how to scale and make such Centers Available in every corner of our country, or is it possible now . There is a colleague and a close friend of mine, a surgeon with whom we will have a joint operation next week , who is absolutely right, indeed, at the moment, ukraine needs a large number of both Rehabilitation Centers and Prosthetic Centers, and in fact, for that to develop this network, in fact, there is simply no need to interfere because the state finances these prostheses and these things can be developed by both private business and state structures, and of course, according to the logic of things, at the moment it is safer to locate such centers in the rear areas and regions of ukraine for security reasons but in the future, when the war ends, many patients will need prosthetics , reprosthetics, care for these prostheses, and of course such centers should appear and function in absolutely all regions of the state so that patients do not need to travel long distances for maintenance or prosthetics. I am sure that this will be the case in our country, and the state, together with all the people who want to help our heroes and victims , will dismantle this network and we can already see how it is happening in to our state eh p gnata hey about the reasons for receiving eh amputations of our soldiers eh maybe you can note some trends that relate to the circumstances yes well i assume that when the artillery is working eh and so on then in principle it should be the main the reason, on the other hand, is that now there are so many reports of crazy minefields in those directions where our Defense Forces are advancing or not increasing in connection with this the number of people with amputations, of course, if we talk about the reason for the amputation, especially in the military and in the civilians who received them as a result of trauma, i. E. Traumatic amputations, here first of all it is necessary to understand the peculiarity of this war that is taking place and the peculiarity of the tactics of the Russian Federation against the Ukrainian Army and the civilian population, the peculiarity of this war is because the most modern types of weapons are used on both sides, which were practically not used in any Previous Report , and hmm, this weapon is actually a weapon of almost mass destruction, since most of them are cluster ammunition or artillery ammunition, or mortars, or are these intermunitions, the mechanism of damage of which is damage by small fragments and if we talk directly about the military e , then the military is protected, in most cases it is possible to protect itself with the help of special means of personal protection , such as a body armor and a helmet, to protect certain parts of the body, so in this me we already see statistics and a clear trend that in the military, the upper and lower limbs suffer the most, and to a lesser extent , the abdominal cavity, the chest, or the brain itself, so it should be noted that what we can really expect on the perspective is that until the hostilities stop, the largest percentage of injuries will be injuries to the limbs, um, in the military. If we are talking about free persons, then there are general injuries here, since all parts of the human body are affected, it is multiorgan injuries because civilians do not have individual means of military protection ugu e drive and does amputation and prosthetics mean for a person that with 100 percent probability he cannot return to the defense of the country for example do they often happen cases when a person feels in himself both moral and physical strength, having fully mastered a new biomechanical prosthesis, for example, to return to the defense of the country, perhaps in another sense , not directly in the trenches, but so that people return with the desire to defend this issue i can answer directly that the situation regarding prosthetics has radically changed in our country since the beginning of hostilities and war, because technologies have changed so much that modern prostheses give people the opportunity to return to a fullfledged life even with lost both lower limbs, that is, or both legs. The first principle in medicine is the preservation of the patients life, therefore we take all measures from a medical point of view in order to save a persons life as follows step by step, if we are talking about injuries to the limbs, we do all possible operations or reconstructive operations in order to save the limb in a person. If this is not possible, an ordinary person is waiting for amputation , about it earlier. If amputation, it was practically a sentence for a person, his deep disability and led to those iron social, now it is not so, and in my personal example , it is more true of my patients who, unfortunately , repeatedly had to build a limb, when complex reconstructive operations were not possible, there are at least there are already many examples when patients return to military service even with the loss of both lower limbs at their own will, and we are even talking about special forces, there are special operations forces, there are also special prostheses of the upper limbs when patients lose one of the limbs, i. E. Hands are special prostheses that have fasteners for holding various types of weapons, this is about military personnel for those who have the desire and who are recognized as such that they can continue Additional Service at their own request, and i would say more such military personnel who who were taken, who were rescued, who returned, heroes who returned to service with prostheses, uh, very often they drop videos of how they work in the position, as well as sometimes even. There is probably a special feature of prosthetics, especially of the lower limbs, that there are special prostheses when a person can move faster and to be faster than on normal legs, therefore, this is absolutely the right essay for what there is a high probability of returning to the service if desired. Thank you, first of all, for your work and of course for inclusion on the air. I hope that we are not the last to have an opportunity to talk. There are many related topics that need your professional opinion. Hnat gerych, head of the Surgery Department of the nezlamni National Rehabilitation center, an broken was in touch with us. Ada rogovtseva, Larisa Kadochnikova and vyacheslav kryshtofovych, all these cinematographers at one time received the golden dzyga award for their contribution to ukrainian cinema. Today, the organizers announced two more laureates in this category the documentary filmmaker andrii e zadanskyi and the artist, animators yevgeny the gray horse , lena chechenina will talk about the meaning of their films, why am i here , i have sensitive teeth. Lakalut sensitive is reliable protection against pain, turn it on, its good , its how you want it, click, and now youre in control of the game , and youre in a tv show, what you need is google, turn on hundreds of channels in thousands of movies and sports 10 discount on lospirin tablets, podorozhnyk bam and oschad pharmacies, the war is going on, and not only for the territory, it is also a war for the umy. Russia is throwing millions of oil dollars to turn ukrainians into little russians. And the ways in which hostile propaganda turns people into obedient zombies lets counter the information attacks of the russians in the information war chronicle project with olga len tuesday thursday friday at 17 10 on espresso tv channel every hour every minute we receive a large amount of information, even the anticipated event of the year, what is actually happening at the front, what are the losses of personnel and equipment on the field of soldiers , how does the International Community evaluate our successes, and what is moscow lying about from the stream of news coming from all over the world . Weapons for ukraine and what are the russian occupiers whispering about behind the backs of the commanders news the results of the week this is an overview of only important events, events with the weight of credibility this is analytics, fact checking, experts comments of much more today in the sport about important things in simple language available to all viewers welcome to the studio iryna koval and this is the summary of the week on the tv channel espresso news the summary of the week every saturday at 9 00 p. M. The most espresso Big Broadcast of vasyl zimi two hours of air time two hours of your time two hours to learn about the war and what the world is like 2 hours to keep up with Economic News and new sports two hours in the company of your favorite leading