In Australia, many states have school entry requirements. Sometimes this goes to denying childcare benefits to vaccine refusers who do not have acceptable exemptions. Many families cannot afford to survive without these benefits. Non-medical exemptions have been eliminated in Australia.
With the elimination of diseases such as measles, some people have turned their fear to the vaccines themselves. Despite a really high safety record, vaccines are not perfect and concerns can remain.
A dictatorial approach of forcing vaccinations on people can always backfire.
In the city of Leicester, 150 years ago, 20,000 anti-vaxxers and libertarians protested a smallpox vaccine – a very large number for those days. The United Kingdom ultimately restored a non-medical conscientious objection.