The buds, some of the most well loved creatures on us. But as humans cause the planet to change as an increasingly rapid speed. But its being forced to adopt them to cope with great new threats than ever before. Such as changing habitats all should climates dangerous new nathan, the badge for the survival. Scientists are on covering the different ways in which they are adapting the we discover in the search even more incredible than we ever since most of the, the this is how it goes smooth archipelago of the nordstrom and coast. Its gained a reputation to being one of the most spectacular places to witness, but migration a so many bo, to use it as a stop as a site to refill on the address. Its on site until one of the oldest, one of the large groups of the prison, the work talk to your can. Deer sca works with the institute for avian. Were search and well help him say hes part of a Team Starting the but populations here. The longer this is, the land has a very long history of keeping on with a logical record. Im can smile on it again with a painter who move to have a good land in the 1840s, fell in love and then spend most of his life here thing im leaving, you began keeping methodical records of the burger and lockers and also published them in the book until fact, thats why we know so much about local bird life in the 19th Century Division that weve of easy for with a few and not getting the problem. But the real scientific records began in the 19 sixtys. When the data became the standardized recordings were taken 7 times a day every day. And that tradition has continued to the present. Yeah, we have the world, all this Data Collection with standardized catches and can draw conclusions from that to see. We know how populations have evolved and above all, how migratory periods have developed in the wake of climate change. The theme of under the yoke and his colleagues use whats known as hell. Good trumps shepherd ing budge. The blonde says into a fund says that they can be called safely. The once they have been collected, information about them is recorded, such as body weight, of wind blowing on the feathers reveals the buds from the muscle composition a good indicator of general health. They know exactly which spaces have been called home and either on this information can then be confed to Historical Records understand changes over time. The successors theyve noticed that Long Distance migrants are in trouble and the facing steep declines. The exact reason for this is on node, but it still to be because of global habitats, destruction and lots of insects. Ready unimportant appraisals for many bugs. For the loss of migrants isnt the run the fighting. You all can and his team have also discovered that black cops a migrating more than 3 weeks earlier than they did 60 years ago. These small warblers typically migrate sauce to the southern mediterranean and africa during winter to reach a warmer climate with more sources. Doctor Joseph Williams is studying the navigation here on how good on recent tracking data shows, not only to black cops migrate totally, but the direction of the migration has also changed the reasons. But its mike, right, is because they want to get to a place with a more clements climate. But recently, and by recently, i mean within half a century is now really and boats are starting to migrate north, specifically to the united kingdom. Previously those who migrated north would perish in the cooler conditions, but no many who choose this route. So the only thing has been question was, this is in response to the fact that its just not as cold in the north as it used to be. And also the impressed, and people really like feeding the birds. And so actually like cods, have started to use both feet is come square if it is in the winter. And this is even the thoughts feelings to why they are so successful. And in going and in some instances precisely the wrong direction. Its not just black cops who seem to have successfully adapted to roaming, punish the arrow and helga land. There was a 7 c, but this has also great clips beneficial if i started without the fan and for us to begin reading on how a good land and 1991 and their numbers have increased steadily, sense was tired of the growth. So the idea that im not even offering numbers kind of counts for any extra income, the need to know some growth could be explained by other than its being attracted to the colonies. But the species is also extending its range generally, which means its doing quite well in the Current Conditions in the north and see if we can get pride in getting an update clock the safe, such as hiring and macro. Some of the governments favored to price bases under being pushed further and further. Notice that this woman c temperatures. So perhaps this is helping 2 suitcases. Janet population again is phenomenal ability to dive, also allows them to access a Great Variety of fish, some of the c bucks, but not every but im seriously adapt to the challenges of climate change. Meaning that somebody in contrast, again and getting wakes and foam or as have declined shortly with one reason might be because they search for food on the surface and having difficulty accessing fish from on the open. But we also observed during the particularly hot summer of 2018, that adults kitty wake simply a band and their nests and the rags. It was really hot on the glitter, temperatures climbed as high as 52 degrees celsius documentation. That was clearly too hard to follow because the adult birds were still in the area, but theyve left of their nests and buffalo the awfully the cause. You wake such as ones pieces of thousands across the world, the decreasing and number, the one for things, most iconic spaces. The sky now is famous for its rich and intricate. So the smooth grounds, nesting but often chooses to raise tricks on grossman and farmer. Historically, the lack of yourself, cox and groceries has allowed them to access the grounds to nest and to keep an eye out for predators. With the intensification of agriculture is habitat is becoming a dangerous one. The widespread change from spring to or some sudden cereals has increased the density of crow pushing sky locks to nest near tractor tram lines, making them vulnerable to crumpling to predators as pesticides and wed colors are sprayed more and more on crops, insects. An important part of the food source are also being diminished. And so in europe, nearly 70000000 individuals have been lost since 1919. And that number still continue to full. This the professor amanda room and her colleagues at the corner elaborate bonus, ology in north america, uncovered and even more devastating to decline. In north america, we have lost 3000000000 periods from the reading population. Thats nearly 30 percent of birds or one in 3, or is that has been lost to just in my lifetime allowed. So since 1970, were seeing these declines that are really spanning almost all habitat and almost all groups of species and no longer restricted to just to be safe that we might of, you know, already been thinking of as requiring conservation attention. Instead, were now seeing some of our greatest declines in space fees that are funding that are common in wide spread. The declines that weve documented here in north america are in no way unique. It, there have been studies that have been coming out around the world that are documenting. Youre comfortable, declines. So its, it really was a wake up call. I think for a lot of the Conservation Community here, but its provide lots of whats known as ecosystem services. They disperse seats, pollinate tons of keeping sect population such as birds decline. So to will these Vital Services if an environment of conditions are not sufficient, not healthy enough to support birds. Well, then theyre not likely to be good for people either. Its a birds can be a real sentinel of environmental change. Weve heard as like, canaries in the coal mine, and thats not so far fetched right when we see the clients and birds that should alert us so that somethings happening in the environment that we should Pay Attention to. Because ultimately, it can come back and affect us as well, the 3rd being the subject to decline for a variety of reasons, such as habitats destruction, fragmentation, pollution, global warming, the meanwhile, human populations around the globe of weeks time high, 8000000000 to sustain this growing population agriculture is becoming increasingly intensive. Some birds have adapted to thrive in these conditions. Grazing on managed gross copland learning to utilize the source of high quality food as a loud bulge, such as conical goose to increase dramatically in europe. But as we continue to add the noise, the punish, were seeing new and unusual problems a much for all the to mitigate natural noise such as wind birds can change the page volume or time at which they sing, which in areas of high human population thurman, not from noises which are not so easily overcome the Max Planck Institute for on apology in germany, is one of the largest sensors for bud science in the world. But the full front of Cars Research is dont to henrich broke. He began studying the effect some such signs on the verge of 20 years ago. Thats what we do to have them when the birds have to compete with noise, they sing louder. So have you met . You must do that too. We authorize our voices. I can go to this guy somewhere on the server, but its the same just for example, nightgowns and berlin altima. They sing louder when theres more traffic noise. That means that the animals sing more quietly, the weekend and cheering the week instead of a nice ready for thats not because the birds relax and take it easy because of weekends. There is less commuter traffic and therefore less noise. Because fuck you. As a result, the birds sing more quietly. Ultimately, we are the ones producing all the noise and compose the birds to sing louder and louder and sing and my, the all types of thing. So as mentioned is the reason for the 1st humans noise is a huge problem in our best, but its become increasingly clear. The noise has similar effects. And birds were saying this, for example, city traffic causes chronic stress and birds, which in turn suppresses their immune systems. As tables, the nightstands are latest findings, one which we recently published here to show the traffic noise can cause birds to have trouble learning, to sing for us to put food. I pulled niema because i was just as human children learn to speak because he mentioned the birds have to learn to sing the traffic noise has the effect that it is taking them longer to develop their song. And they also make more mistakes when learning. Think not only a scene of the song quality is inferior and im talking funny talk to finish the thing because i, im just going to say 1st id like to see and so i can implement this overall fitness that potentially lead to a change of populations dynamic right doesnt guns to got poor and thats an important point, especially for species that are threatening to do that to you of course. Because along with all the other issues, animals phase 2 to human and choose to environmental change such as the climate, crisis of pollution, etc. Theres also noise that noise could be the final straw to try some species to extinction. Were going down. I need to often some of them, but its not just the noise. Light is also wreaking havoc on birds around the world. The reason male songbirds stop singing in the winter is because the go nach frank, this is a result of the day like like not true sure thing in which with the last day life they can no longer produce the whole much to modify the brains and therefore allow them to sing and to bring but street lights and tons and cities. Its just not true life cycle resulting in budge coming into breathing condition much sooner than they would otherwise not truly do. Main in the off spring, lisa nest when there was level for them yet to each Light Pollution from buildings is also a problem to some unknown reason. But its a drawing to the source of light causing life threatening conditions. Cornell and museum of flesh births in north america, votes of foss, collection of birds, many of which were found just fatalities from hitting buildings. Dr. Benjamin vandorn and his colleagues studying these books. So lot of these birds come to us because they have collided with windows or buildings. So one of these pieces is a block sort of blue or blur here, which is a song bird migrant. This is the fate for pavilion to but its across not only north america, but the well with the use of new technology from the kona lab as on the solar gee in new york state. There is hope that we can make a difference to adrian. Dr. Is part of this team, migratory birthday tranquil ignites and, and its actually in ways of a hidden phenomenon if there is, cuz we try to sort of make these blanket towards your initials for its come to life and use most the raiders for that these a, whether re dos or a 155. 00 dos it across the us site. Mostly used for detecting rain. But the scientists here at cornell found a way to use them for detecting but the weather writers. They cant really see individual graphs as maybe like rain clouds, right. Very you also dont see the individual droplets. What you see. So if this density of mass of rain from the air is the same reverse, although its not possible to see which exact spaces are on the move. If we but migration across the usa can be tracked and displayed on a map. So you see all the green dots on your radar stations and in colors in the back, youll see the migratory birds and, and youll see the brighter colors. That means more bars in the year. The red line, the policies across the screen represents the point, but which day becomes nice. As soon as thats sort of gets dark, you see all these bright super bright colors popping up. So really good migration. Nice. We track also how many, but migratory birds are in flight if in any given moment. So you see a staggering numbers. Were now is 830400 1000000 birds. And there you see now the sun rise and you see as soon as some sort of starts to appear or landing. I think this too is especially good though to see these things are very large scale patterns across the us. Something we can never do before. Theres like millions and billions of verbs in the air, and it has been just been impossible to count it. It seems like in the middle of the night, you can see if its only, since we know how to use the rate or network that the, the sort of birds i view on birds migration itself. You can zoom miles through the scale of an entire confidence and see what the migration looks like. And how is this the view to the space both Cost Technology to most of the truck migrations. It can predict them to as weather radars have been around for decades, the archive can Migration Data from the last 20 years can be collected and compared to the weather conditions, but were experiencing by combining those 2 sources of information. We can create a predictive model that will tell us how much migration we expected to take place under a given set of conditions in a given area. And really convert a Weather Forecast into a bird migration forecast. Filter benjamins on door and uses this information to protect, but its against the dangers of Light Pollution. So if our migration forecast sites, for example, that we expect millions of birds to be migrating over, dallas, texas, and we will then put out an advisory that day to, to say, hey, we expect lots of migration tonight. Make sure to turn out your, your lights tonight and so our network of people will work to make that happen. Then that night hopefully theyll be the fewer lights on, in that city. Turning out lights makes a difference even at the level of the individual window in the building. And through our work, we were able to show at, at one Convention Center in chicago, that if this building has participated in a Lifestyle Program and turned off se half of its lights on a given night for a long period of that bird mortality at that one building could have been reduced by 50 percent or more. And over the course of 20 years were talking about 5000. 00 or more versa. And that could have been said. There are many challenges in the world that are really complex, like light climate change, but light Light Pollution and the impacts of light on verbs. This is a problem that people can make a difference. Its really something people can do with just a flick of, of a light switch, migratory birds. Some of those that are being hit hardest by changing planet. But some books pieces are adapting to the new environments created by humans. Adults bugs introduce the young to these opportunities so they to grow up to be told her aunt of peoples disability because it allows them to not only live along side humans, but to take advantage of some of the, one of the most of our patients to a man made world is the gulf the they see flat troops of city buildings. Thats perfect. Nesting platforms at a safe place to raise the checks tables a land to follow peoples should use beating when the most food is available. If, if that means for jane at night, pale, next thing i have in areas im much higher rates anywhere in the past. Same one, locals. Im moving into app and areas. Sir, it seems like something is going right for them. Still to model in goodness from the university of extra to you studying tearing goals on the south coast of england. Ive noticed just exactly when im out in town, but people have the fee taken by goals and often when theyre not paying attention and goals will just catch them unaware. Often flying in from hines or youre going to show that i want to do this. So actually paying attention to where people are looking. Im now using this to as, as a way to decide how to get a series, sorry, designs and experiments to explicitly test the model in places a bag of chips on the ground. And looks a way to see how long it takes until this not the within the 15 seconds, theyve gone the now for the next test, i want to go react when modeling maintains her gaze off to placing the troops down. She waits the but this time the goal doesnt take the risk. Those who are brave enough to steal food whilst being watched. Often take a significantly longer time to make this decision compared to those that think that going unnoticed. They wait, typically over twice as long as someones not looking, then its going to be much easier for them to then get to wait for the pass and is able to react. Because obviously a human is a lot bigger than a goal. And as a lot more thing, just to go back by faster so it really would pay off for both to be paying attention to where people are looking and see approach fees when people but somebody can take this ability to exploit charging opportunities. One step further, one of the worlds most intelligent spaces about this here at the tower of london. Chris scaife is a human award position which requires at least 22 years of military service. Hes responsible for looking off to these regal creatures. Good morning to gaining the title of raven, most of the ravens have been here since at least the reign of king charles the 2nd in the 1600s without the ravens. So the legend goes, the town will crumble into dust, and grey tom will before the kingdom. And so that protection is central. The ravens of the largest spaces of colbert, with a wink span of fill most 5 feet, and a much larger brains than most of the boats. And the wild seas inquisitive creatures unsuccessfully as in a wide range of habitats. Thanks to the gentlest start. Using pretty much everything they can find the because of the great celebrity here that visited by millions of tourists, each you know, that say, and the ravens know just how to use this to their advantage. Im always taken back by what they do and how they observe humans. Theyre watching is all the time they lost the food. Thats what they were often that planning the day around what they can scavenging and very often with what they can steal, of course, as well. They Work Together. I can see them printing technically. Hows it going to do this . And they use the crest as a bank and hide behind was a, one of them, the district and on the suspect can visited until they was ready to start. Then a spike in pick assignment dropped a bicycle for the last i can watch that the but its actually planning and felt and im talking to each other about how theyre going to do it. The ravens are intelligent enough to Work Together for food, or say no, this collaboration will lead to a meal. They can both shot but somebody capable of teamwork, even if it doesnt lead to an immediate trouble to august phone buying from the Max Planck Institute. Wonderful. The truth is starting in temperatures and co operation in parts here its laura park antenna was there are around 350. 00 known spaces apart, most of which live in complex sophie flux. Although the brains are roughly around the size of a wall notch, pirates power, no gray types and dolphins in that cognitive performance. And so they can be trained to carry out, come on well ghost until team have told african great parts to Exchange Tokens for food. But once the 6th strain show becomes blocked, how do they react . Test subject receipts or the f 15 experiments up. But without any opportunity for exchange or it just gets the totals and no food. Thats it. Next, all it is, its neighbor and its 10 exchanging or paying for that. At the same time, its next sofas. The part with the tokens doesnt want them to go to waste. So it pauses the tokens to which neighbor, at least they can benefit from the food. So we found that right parents have the individual is to achieve or goal without immediate benefits to them says and even was also an opportunity for us to, for patients. And this is really a successful the finding because such says this f and have only been shown in great a species in and compare the studies. So in our closest relatives, and our finding is really the 1st report of assess the coping in and none of the median species. An explanation for altruism with a pump now is that the 2 parents become stronger as a unit. So they can better take care of that checks. But for some reason, parents will think so help those who are not just populous helping others to achieve a goal like this is very complex. As the individual must recognize when health is needed. When those exchange holes blocked, the pirates with the tokens can understand, so the neighbor would benefit from them. And so just trying to help the really hope that our findings with make it very clear that we have completed the estimate of intelligence and the the so if we got them a said that a so to say because they have amazing amenities that intelligence isnt always the key to survival when a rapidly changing planet or sometimes district is to be adaptable. And once pieces of power is used, its adaptability to firmly establish itself as a new resident in new york. The rose ring in ring necked parakeet for the growing population of parakeets is also having an unexpected impact on londons population of power going focus edge druids is a paragraph research, and hes come to this church in south london where a full paragraph and checks the just fledged often nesting on the spot, but almost at the base of the chat spot. Now, where we can then go out and look for some pre remains to know the breeding season is over and can look at the remains of that prey to work on what theyve been eating. Ah, see what weve got down here in test take. Pair of goods are being fee on loads of different stuff down here as lots and lots of white and gray thorough pitching feathers, pigeons, so usually the power of the news go to pray. That one you come a is appearing more and more in the dodge. The adults a catching power keeps. Im bringing them back to feed. The grow intrigues it just hold on for heat all day in the power going dodge the large orange beaks, a shop. And in the adjustable, and so were left as evidence for it to on. So this very question. So what im doing here just looking for these, thanks to go out so you can see the bright green instead of the par teats. You know, when you see a place you can see, see how old is luminous green it is in this bright red. Its not known exactly how these parts originating from asia and sub saharan africa, made some way to launch. The one theory is that they would kept as pets in the cities, some managed to escape, and they successfully bred are now estimated to be around 8600 breeding past living in the u. K. Pair, were going to have a very wide don. Theyll take whatever is an abundance a by these parents which uh, originally started reading in the u. K. In 1969 and actually between 19952000, that population increased by almost 2000 percent because of so many of them in grades. So im done with finding that reading that power keeps it perhaps taking a 2nd off the place in the most need. Some prior, during the breathing in the late 19 fifties, the population of power group focused, crushed due to widespread use of the pesticide d. D t. Toxic chemical with sprayed on crops, poisoning the prey and working its way up the food chain into the parent booms themselves. This caused them to lay eggs with shelves to put to send for a key number of the way so the incubating nato. Once this link was named d d t was finally bind in the u. K. In the 19 ages, paragraphs of sense made a startling recovery, reaching almost 1700 pads across person. More than double the population before d d t. As a result, that traditional coastal habitats have become saturated. So many have adapted towards urban environments can offer instead, the, all of these old bits of power and into his line is up now is quite as going to be quite a few here. Right. So im ready to count. Now lets see how many weve got. Okay, so lets go through 123456 to be 7 to the 8th, and the 940 for 1. 88. Its 9. 19919191. So a little bit less than last year, but actually that is still a huge number one. So i thought i had this sheet ill be watching on the webcam or 237. 00. And also that was the last minute power keeps on becoming the force of paul, the power we can talk. I bring that power seats continue to grady eye out in all the parts of england. And i think everyones already that im probably going to be doing even better than they already. All these programs would have feeding on federal pigeons and stallings but as if you then asked to bring that power, teach into the mix as a space is the is, is, or around the place relatively easy to catch. The not sure thats probably going to increase the reading success based periods the, the power keys prepare goods, ability to adapt to a changing world is a hopeful sign that others may be able to do the say the which the better to do this. They must be able to learn from new experiences. It still does in humans and other mammals. A vital part of learning is the foundation of members when dreaming the, the dr. Joo nina ongoing, from the Max Planck Institute for the solar tree studies. If books like us re experience daily events during rims and in the states in which we might treat the budapest pigeon as transparent pilots instead of the movements of its pupils can be recorded when its uh, is a close to a to study this a night. G a nina must observe it on to improve red light, which the book cannot detect the softer switching on the infrared camera, she enters the avery to put the pigeon to bed on its got the where were seeing here is the sleeping pigeon. The pigeon is initially anonymously, its eyes are closed and is briefing regularly and its quite quiet. And then it enters into room sleep. So the ice starts moving around and you see the pupils constricting rapidly. So our study, we found out that these people very constrictions were specifically linked to this particular sleep state through reading sleep. We also showed for the 1st time that the pupils of pigeons are constricting, during a courtroom during wakefulness. So because these people are restrictions occur during the day in seemingly during the emotional states and the rear occurred during rend sleep. We think that the people are restrictions might reflect times when the brain is re activate a Brain Networks that havent been activated during these emotional states. And the brain is replaying and processing these information. The, we still dont fully understand the new or logical functions of dreaming all shows that studies seem to suggest that other animals use dreams to cement experiences from the day in the memory. And that from the, from the bags in are rapidly changing. Anthropogenic was disability to load because of 5 can you scale the and there are many ways in which buds are responding to a changing planet. Some a gave me the opportunity to thrive in new habitats by accessing more nutritional food and resources such for many others. Anthropogenic change is having the devastating impact we think have a on populations around the world, the whilst intelligent and deductible, but learning to survive and unexpected conditions. There are millions of uh, tools perish with us all help. As we learn more about budge and how to protect them, this whole future generations will continue to live alongside these magnificent creatures. The sebastian, the chief prosecutor at the International Criminal court says surgery seeking arrest ones for is really needed for the come back to the war in gaza. I guess this week from kind of leave is dennis ross form a special assistant to president obama. And for more than 12 years, the chief class was shaking us policy conflict that a 30 minute d, w. The news will tell you the story. We have a getting a visa is more difficult than finding gold hosted to you for the, for the future. In the stories and issues that are being discussed across the country. News africa. In 90 minutes on d. W. The crises, every single connection mapped out shows the geophysical reality. The on the board is what makes things the way they are mapped out, navigating a changing world. Now on youtube the, theres a dw news live in from berlin, a party non grotto the far right alternative for germany. Political party checked out at the European Parliament, all a if the representatives had been expelled from the identity and Democracy Group in the European Parliament becomes just days after fall right. Parties in france and italy moved to distance themselves from the german politicians. Also coming up, the United Nations decides to establish an annual day to come and break. The 1995 shrubbery needs a genocide, the bosnian muslims,