A battery actually works. And if you hear a battery, this is probably what comes to mind. This one is retractable, and made of lift them. We can make a super simple circuit with a battery, 2 wires and an l. E. D. Is seen for the terms of it, but the deep is todays more controllable and or are not sto, julio cosmo is a professor and researcher who has spent the past 12 years focusing on lithium. You bought a lot of energy. You need a very small, but you want to get out all this energy very fast and youre going to go away and not in an explosion. This works to the movement of electrons and ions. Electrons are tiny, negatively charged particles that float around. Adams. Ions are items that have lost or gains in electron. This battery contains lithium graphite cobalt and a liquid. Batteries have negatively and positively charged size. Lithium ions and electrons on one side of the battery when connected to a circuit, electrons travel outside the battery along the circuit generating electricity. The electricity goes from negative to positive flowing through the l. A. B in the middle. Meanwhile, whats left in the battery is lithium ion. Thats where the lithium ion battery gets its name. The ions travel inside the battery from the graphite to the cold box. When its recharging, they go in the other direction. But batteries basically destroy themselves in the process, either they lose their ability to create electricity or chemicals build up on the electrodes. As batteries age, the electrons travel less and less efficiently and the battery loses its capacity. The metals can also grow into spikes, which can short circuit the battery, in the worst case of battery failure, big night and explode. So a good battery can store a lot of Energy Without exploding and doesnt quickly lose its capacity. One of the many reasons why lithium makes a great battery is that unlike lead or acid, cliff humans only mildly talks and these new lithium batteries can store more energy per graham than any other battery ever invented. What makes with themes so great . Weird lee is that its super reactive. So i got my hands on some lithium, which should be 99 percent pure. Going to try and to put it in some water and see what happens. But them safety 1st. Its a really soft metal, so it, so itd be completely breakable just with my fingers. Wow, look at that. So thats the lithium inside. Its reacting with the oxygen in the air so fast that the metal is already darkening. Were going to try and put this little bit of lithium in some water and see what happens. Okay, so im going to choose what to do. I understand why this happens. We need to look at electrons again, lithium loses electrons and creates ions really easily. That means that the ions inside the battery move around really quickly and efficiently. That makes the battery is able to charge faster, have a longer live site, goes and above all store more energy. Aside from its ability to store energy, the theme is also a winner. When it comes to weight, all of these can be used in batteries, but they would make the batteries heavier. Thats because the lithium is the least dense metal on the planet. The fact that its so extremely light makes it the best option for electronics. One of the main reasons computers in this size instead of the mass of machines they were in the eightys, is the invention of the lithium ion battery. Its also by far the best option for electric cars, buses, and plains. Because the light of the vehicle, the less energy it takes to move it around. And thats why our appetite for lithium is skyrocketing. According to the International Energy agency, demand for lithium could increase between 13 and 51 times by 2040 australia is the top producer of lithium, followed by july. But other countries around the world are ramping up production to meet the mass of global demand. In 2022, global with and production was at a 130000 metric tons. Thats quadrupled from 2010. When production was a little over 20000 metric tons. The good news is that we technically have enough of it in the ground, according to some estimates around 80000000. 00 metric tons of it around 10 kilos per person on the planet. But just because this white gold is abundant, doesnt mean its easy to get, getting it out of the ground can be slow and costly. And the mining and refining processes are concentrated in a few countries. That means the demand for it is quickly pacing the current available supply. This bottleneck is also raising the price after 2020 prices of Raw Materials went up to, while others came down. Lithium, just continued to increase, and mining itself comes with its own host of problems extracting lithium from rock or requires a lot of energy often powered by fossil fuels. Whats better, its extracting it from brian water thats mixed with minerals to day. The last just process is to evaporate these bright and well that in red shuttle bones, which are extremely large. Lets say the 1000 times a football stadium. Brian mines used thousands of leaders of water for one ton of lithium into a lithium mining has already led to water shortages in the area and diverted water from local communities. The mines can also cause soil degredation and disrupt local eco system. And then theres the whole problem of what happens to the batteries after were done with them. Although the lithium itself can be reused, lithium, batteries, deteriorate, and most of them land in the trash. One obvious solution is to create infrastructure to recycle lithium batteries. Thats what happened with lead batteries due to government regulation. 99 percent of lead batteries in the us are recycled . Recycling with families entirely new technology. But its catching up. Lithium ion Battery Recycling is expected to increase to 420. 00 killer tons per year by 2030 up from the current 50 killer tons per year. Better lithium batteries are also on the wet cobalt which is mine. And there, hey, paula nodded conditions could be replaced with the nickel, manganese or iron, or the graphite in the battery could be swapped for graphed, feet. Its made by taking a layer of graphite just like this and making it progressively spinner and thinner until it turns into a single layer of carbon atoms. Graphene is the strongest material ever discovered, and more conductive than graphite. You can also make the inside of the battery solid instead of liquid to make it less likely to explode. Most of this is still in the lab, but these advances could make the battery safer, longer lasting, and store more energy, which could also make them more attractive for storing large amounts of Renewable Energy on a grid scale. So it certainly doesnt look like our addiction to lithium is going away any time soon because lithium dominates the battery worlds and for good reason, [000 00 00;00] the ones that thailand is notice that the rock is one of the countrys most effected by Climate Change worldwide temperatures of over 50 degrees celsius are becoming more common, making people sick. Ali whos saying is on his way to the local well, around him. Signs of Climate Change are everywhere. Okay. Theres no water. The well is dry. He tells his son. So this used to be a racks most fertile region, but the country has suffered a severe drought for years in a row of the 60 families in the village, 40 of left ivy. Husseins family is one of the few still here at the bottom of just 4 years ago. We find the land here, but trout has turned our land into the desert. We had to give up, tied up without farming. There was no income. His 5 children face an uncertain future. The ground water here is salty. Iraq is less and less fresh water in the countryside and in the cities. Climate change is to blame, as are the water policies of neighboring iran and turkey. The 2 countries have built a numerous dams leaving too little water for a rock down stream because of the salty ground water. The children have source and open wounds on their skin. A 2000, no, on this, its very painful. Sometimes they are close to stick to the winnings, which makes it even worse. The rising temperatures are also contributing to the spread of disease like least monotonous, is transmitted by sam slot. I just kind of, i thought i need some of the time being 2nd to transmit to the infection which causes fever. Its happened to a lot here in the region. Ali who seen and his daughter is newer and sondra are lucky. Or rocky red crescent has come to their village, nor is hands are terribly h. E. Sandra often finds it hard to walk because of the pain. She has felicia, my nicest and insidious disease. It affects the skin, liver, spleen, and bone marrow. The edge i ever see tested the on the side or how tim key are on the laptop and this team are seeing more and more cases like this. They want to raise awareness. Medical help is expensive and the newest hospital is 50 kilometers away. The rocky red crescent regularly travels across the country, visiting villages, q and lulu. I shed the people are as little better off the Village Community has dug a well. She needs to get to the, the ground water contains too much salt. And so for a question, this facility has changed their lives. It supplies the village and neighboring villages with clean water. 2000 leaders per hour are the sale unaided, intimate fit to drink height or how to him and his team have distributed over 60 water tanks and the region im hoping on. The facility is a lifetime for people here in the red crescent. And now partners are working to build a series of facilities to alleviate the water shortage which will allow for them every week they check the salt content every week. They have to change the filters. Theres no alternative the village needs more than one facility like this. Many surrounding villages suffer from a lack of Drinking Water and water for dish washing and showering care. Though on the oldest to him, i last saw living with Climate Change. Awareness is important for children to, to hide on her to him and his team. Talk about Infectious Diseases and show them how to wash their hands properly. That can save lives on it as well. So far there over no debts. But were seeing that the lack of Drinking Water, drought, and dessert if occasion are causing a rise and skin diseases and poisoning. What is done with all of i did them some other co now how do you know im about to deal . Thats almost the summer. That you just as an adult for them outside of had a shuttle, according to the un, iraq is the 5th most vulnerable country to climate breakdown. It also has a rapidly growing population. In that case, a perfect example that we need to reinforce our Health Systems to cope. Weve been devastating consequences of Climate Change on our health so that they feel assistance that already over a well and with the Climate Change, that would be totally co ops. If we dont know to prefer them better in the if we dont send finance of resources, ali whos saying would like to stay here with his family. But the conditions are getting increasingly difficult. Private and my husband, these 2 of them are for how the water you can see here was brought to us by car 1000 leaders every week for us in our animals. Thats not enough because mike ali husseins family could soon become climate refugees in their own country, like one and a half 1000000 people in iraq. The pollution resulting from burning oil gas and cold kills 5000000 people. Yeah, thats more than a b city. Malaria or alcohol binding. Fossil fuels produces toxic policy, coles tiny enough to enter the lungs. This particular message is among the main causes of strokes, counts and diabetes. Its time fiction for pedro amount to rebate daily activities like climbing stairs pose a big challenge. I have a lung disease im suffering my struggle to breathe properly, to wherever the 74 year old retiree is one of hundreds of thousands of people in lima suffering from respiratory diseases ranging from acute infections to long and heart complaints. City Authorities Say hundreds of people die every year as a result of respiratory disease. The peruvian capital has a big health problem. Pedro met a rebate, has a weekly check up of the hospital, the care and medication he receives here as an approved his quality of life. Most of young beneficiary. Good. What are you doing . Perfect by the front of some and now please remove your mask. I think the we have many patients like page your month rebate have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease which seal pd and they have those here you and in other hospitals, in lima. And its something in the castle is whats interesting is that many of them have never smoked, will see what theyre only very little. Yes, even if its the disease is similar. Does that sound in other countries among heavy smokers and that is and more because we believe it is linked to environmental pollution. That conclusion, borne out in many studies, you know, we think that because its to just pulling up, well assume avenue fremont has more than 10000000 residents. Air pollution levels are high mainly from traffic in industry. The in 2022 lima record. The 2nd highest levels of particulate matter pollution in latin america after santiago to truly but experts say air quality measurements and lima are inadequate. Now the situation is likely far worse than previously thought. Peruvian company kyra is looking for solutions. It is developed low cost measuring devices and a digital tool aimed at making information on air pollution and lima accessible to all the other success. Im also wondering if we zoom in on lima. We look at the information thats publicly available in the surveillance network. The green is good, yellow motorists, and orange and red batch of a whole lot. The most critical value is 2. 5, which means particulate matter of 2. 5 micro matches and for the most seen on those are the finest particles. The very small ones, the into the respiratory tract and then penetrate the human body some into the blood stream of the unit. Using this data, city authorities have taken steps, reduce emissions and heavily affected areas. Some parts of the Storage Center are now close to vehicles but more needs to be done is this. Environmental activists have spent years re forcing the hills around lima. The Pacific Ocean on one side, and the mountains on the other. Are the capitals only natural borders. Vegetation here traps, dust particles in suspended matter, helping to improve air quality. They have also installed a network of fug catchers. These collect water from the regions dense winter fog mobile. This hello. This is Crystal Clear water . Yes, i was not even more than we diverted into collection points like this one here. Hold on and use it for drip irrigation. Lima is green, long has been subject to deforestation for more than 400 years. New settlements in industries continue to be constructed on the outskirts of the city. The long term systematic deforestation has had a negative impact on the cities, health, local reforestation work, as held curvy roads and, but its not enough for an experts. A far wider scale effort is required they do need to prove produce is less than 0. 08 percent of globalization. So the so if one day, lee malware to no longer made many gas or pollutants plan would still be polluted. Democrats here hold up and then we alone may not stop pollution or Climate Change afford effect and we will be the ones who suffer. Youre coming to you much. I the bills hes one of the most of the, with him with his doctors help pedro monterey rebate as managed to reduce some of his pain the, to now enjoy a short walk around his neighborhood and some independence. Now more than ever, there was an urgent need to reduce emissions and improve air quality and lima. And across the world, the stain balance, positioning the arrow, and drawing the boat at full gallop, i switched to relinquish his control to her horse. Spade. She knows exactly what hes doing and that lets or concentrate on her stance and taking aim the most. Indeed, i only take my hands off the horse if i trust and completely, thats the most important thing. This trust has had time to evolve. Our 1st met spade when he was to and she was 7 since then the to have been inseparable growing up in the country side of northern japan and i am worry prefecture, they share a passion for you. I will send me japanese mounted archery centuries ago. Yeah, booth and it was thought to be Good Practice for the battle field. But her gelding spade is far too peace, loving for that one. Okay, so youd probably run away from the enemy. Picking a smith put archery is no longer an art of war. And the ritual and ceremonial aspects of your boost to me arent taken all that seriously anymore either was a normal day. Thats a really huge starts. You have its been ages since ive seen any that. So i look it up 50 percent. Ok here and root depend, it was to me is experiencing a revival as a leisure support. Women like all yours. We stay in the early twenties are reinterpreting a centuries old tradition, the nation of the day. High points we might look at me in this direction. I saw so thats right, just like that. So you have to stay flexible when trainer or you could come a more, a started out 15 years ago, mounted archery was still a male domain. On the saturday, im assuming is i had to put up with a lot back then they told the women had no business being here and to see if i asked you all this, im in the sort of the even said, i dont want to even hear the words yep. With somebody coming out of your mouth. Got you all the time. Its difficult about talking to you and youre right about the mountain archery might have died out in japan if it werent for these young womens a to z. As in japan has an aging dwindling population. Young people are drawn to the cities, always loses passion for your boots, and that is what keeps her in the countryside of the the bus. Suppose the other, some of those things great that more people are becoming interested in. Yep. Losing it again. Still more was he talking about them, but it seems like it has less appeal for boys when you for the party equal to the optimal, it will probably soon be an all female support to the one level calling us up. I dont know if it comes with a lot of its given. The family has always supported her passion. Shes been winning competition, fit since 10th grade. Does her mother is selling the garment for her next event from chemo know fabric. I always to say wants to dazzle the tournament the which one do you want . One of the most guess coming will give you a sunday. So then this ones for sunday, theyre able to get used to that. And the see on the main looks arent my style pink is out of the question. So many of our small town of toyota has boldly proclaimed the tournament to be the world championships. Somewhat Wishful Thinking on the part of the organizers gets from abroad. Rarely make their way here. But for iris, who say such computations are crucial for the sports future. If you have wisdom is to survive, it has to look good. So looking at the hicks and you could come up today, the archers used to pick themselves rag before they went into battle created and men with. And thats why i do the same now in this cause we have done this in the, the competition is almost exclusively female. Rules requires 3 shots at full gallop to the archers, such as fractions of the 2nd, the aim, the shoot. Thats exhausting. The move them, its not over for you yet with the still another round. It sounds of the one of the chimes of your boost to me is that its a sport thats open to everyone to just take on your medical women and men of all ages. Musical monica long, im assuming theyre brave enough to attempt the wild right and ready to compete against the very best the is an honor that once again goes to ice listing the would you like move insights and solutions from around the world . If you want to meet the people fight, take the Climate Change visit to us on facebook. If you want the story behind the headlines, follow us on instagram. And if you want green life text checkouts or take token, the the sliding away when its 40 degrees celsius in the shade, can be deadly during times of time to change. I asked where hers, what was the most difficult part of their job . Uniformly, they spoke about she being the most difficult part of their jobs. How do rising temperatures change in federal heat . In 75 minutes on d w, the my name is elizabeth and im the calls back said wow, thank you so much for joining in. Welcome to dont hold bad. A lot of people do that. As soon about saying loud as he says would have been, you know, if you say like good everyone to ok cheering into the microphone. Sorry. Check out the Award Winning outcome. Dont hold back. Do you know which of these 3 industries has the highest c o 2 emission rates . Would you guess the concrete transforming business syllabus onto the bigger house, but the real new deal . Just reimbursing the watch now. The old friends mean friends can may so defend itself in case of an emergency. We cannot guarantee that we could protect munich frankfurt. Berlin sandwich faced with rushes for or against ukraine. The rose grace, this Ministry Alliance shows weakness. Can nato offer its members suspicion protection and security basically depends. The 90 percent on the us basic were attacked. What the millions really close ran out to pot document. Nation starts april fools on dw, the this is dana over the nearest line from silent and video condemns russias president ial election as Vladimir Putin extends his course, a century of rules he finds no meaningful opposition on the use among those described. Natasha is not a friend or fat and held in a climate of intimidation. Also on the program, you Foreign Ministers approve sanctions against violence. His right, the settlers in the west bank. Its the 1st time the block has been made such a move. And these are held since it has killed the hamas combined and the right on one of gauze of the largest hospitals. Another source as an operation against a,