D. W. Signs like begins here in a some penguins dont fold that building and this to have say yeah, they just rest the eggs on their feet and cover them with a brood house. A fold of warm skin. In the eggs, the bed embryo defense and little hot folds and starts to beat. But that only happens if it says nice eggs. Thank you basis to ensure it doesnt correct and the pressure that x of 70 constructed the v 8. Although nourishing as a food stuff, it was designed to be an intelligent incubation. So its extremely robust. It takes real effort for chicks to hatch from the shell, the, the will not back them until i get it really is a wonder of nature, but i and its also important because actually the addict or the end shell is there to protect the chain or the him turns the ac several times a day and also sits on it. So it has to endure a lot of the egg as so stable. That when a chick is ready to hatch, they need a special, a tube tvs to break open. Michelle, from the inside icon, im done front in the chalet um off supervision for our eggs really that strong. And if so, how we set up a little experiment to find out for ourselves how easy it is to break an egg. Is it possible to crush or roll a give me your hand. Amazing. Even big hands and strong muscles could not break even one of our viewers from brazil gave it his best shot without any success. Okay. How is that possible . The reason eggs are so stable is partly due to their shape. The curve shape distributes pressure even the across the shells surface. The, the x structure also plays a role, and it shows you normally 0. 3 to 0. 4 millimeters thick, and consists of 90 percent calcium carbonate, making it very hard. It is made up of many tiny crystal and pillars pet to tightly together. They form a stable structure, so many pores gives a show a certain us to city but they are also responsible for air exchange. Carbon dioxide is released, fresh oxygen is absorbed, moisture is also absorbed so that the a does not dry out. A cleverly designed protection for new life which came 1st, the chicken, all the big chicken. I mean, thats what a glimpse inside an egg reveals. Because all this eggs have an air pockets which supplies the embryos oxygen. But 1st, there has to be a chicken there to lay such a big egg with an f pocket. In the 1st place i have pockets might have been important in evolutionary tons. So this could develop a unique respiratory system that allows them to fly. Fit in 3 beds mainly hung around the home to well migratory birds in bulk on long chinese separates migration patch and seem to be changing as a group of researchers in switzerland is upsetting. Nighttime over link geneva high up in the swiss alps on the cold dish alone mountain pass. Leo. Now my money is on his way to his nets. He catches migratory birds for research purposes. He founded this Bird Watching Center 30 years ago when he was still a student to the, the next or 9 to 20 meters high. The tallest in switzerland. Still, we catch just the small fraction of the passing birds, maybe one out of every 1000 or 10000, depending on the species as best. Though the wind conditions arent ideal, normally checks the nets and finds a surprise that theyre a bad thats a bit unexpected. So late in the fall, most bats dont migrate, but rather seek shelter at higher altitudes in winter. About 20 bad species can be found here at the cold as a mom pass a moment. He has been observing them for a while and has seen their numbers fall over the years. Intensive agriculture is threatening their food supply. This also is what this is a look, the bats are protected, but theyve suffered a lot due to pesticides which have greatly reduce the number of insects and theyre not going to do that. So the less is that ongoing or have things stabilize to say, um, i quoted you, i think their numbers keep decreasing. Self upcoming things dont look good for an sec, divorce, notably birds, and batch and and then the bat disappears into the night. Meanwhile, the wind conditions have changed. Most migratory birds flying at night. So as dawn, its time to get to work. This is only possible thanks to the help of volunteers. Like nicholas, the biologist has spent almost 3 months at the observation center. So thats one. Yes, the one that you met during the 1st morning round. We catch lots of birds that were migrating at night. They take a break and come down to the ground to eat with you said flying to the net more because they fly lower than it naturally pre bucher on carefully. They remove the birds from the net in october. There were lots of robins that were on the way to the mediterranean. The birds are collected in clocks, sags and hung up in order. The most sensitive creatures come 1st. Then each bird is banded and examined. Its wing span and the amount of fat under its feathers are checked before the bird is released. Only certified inspectors may do this. Let me tell me cuz i gotta do preventative, and i got my bird banding permit last year. I mean, you need to train forward beforehand to continue, and as ive been doing this since i arrived, ive gotten the hang of it and stuff im showing on our records the data which helps provide statistics on migratory birds. Even though few of them are caught, again, the number of spines provides an overview of the bird populations uncalled as a mom leo, now normal, he has observed the impact of Climate Change for decades. Thats what is made species like this ring was out a rare sight soon, especially because this is a species thats become rare, are due to Global Warming by the alpine population is moving to Higher Ground because theyre being driven out by black birds, which themselves are moving to Higher Ground so this north accept species is retreating more and more to northern europe. This northward retreat is a result of Climate Change. I dont know the, there are winners and losers from the mediterranean species. Are the winners, at least from a switched perspective. Only we have species that werent here before, but weve also noticed that theyve disappeared from southern European Countries like portugal, and theres been a sort of northward shift that sounds like a lot of. No, no leona ma, he plans to keep monitoring these changes to better understand the plate of migratory birds on their journey south few species of bed stay home only around these magpies even keep the place tidy. In this experiment, face runaway special cabs snip up a treat every time. Especially given the fact that books brains lack a new cortex. The folded pause at the mammalian brain, responsible for permission and other complex behavior gets the its demonstrate astonishing cognitive up in the once the explanation for these researchers at roy university, both of them are looking for answers. The scientists here work with ravens. Yes this is athena. Take half a head daily training. I leaned works with a female, a you region cro, a son bird from the raven family, raven so thought to be a specially intelligent but a scene is rather shy. Its better if we keep our distance. Strange people are objects like our camera can distract the bird tends right. Okay, a one very good. Receiving another one and faces me. Its okay. Just like always odyssey at last. She brings a theme that into the testing area. You, the bird will pick up the monitor with its pete memorizing specific patterns and sequences in the process because we can want to seen it from above us, as we all know that shes working. Now the most um do you think shes to pick the point on these 3 monitors . A pick, a black point of has and she missed ok for him respond. Athena must also memorize the sequence in which she picks the points so that you can enter the exact same pattern into a 4th monitor. So she got that wrong. The one that says briefly, tons block to signal, talk to ha ha. Lets see if she gets it right this time. Each location corresponds to an abstract symbol which doesnt appear there. The monitor above stands for camping. The monitor on the right stands for toilet and to left is ports. Of black points is the only thing shown on the screen. Ive seen the most confirmed the sequences on the control monitor using the correct symbols, camping toilet port. She got it right here once again because it went so fast camping toilet port and her reward suffice. Even if she wants this correctly, she gets food on the pallets come out this automatic dispenser. Then the next tests begin this trial. A little is known about how birds brings function, the neutral scientist, your now suppose i and his team. Hope such experiments will help them figure out how ravens retrieve info from short term memory, which could be a key to understanding birds intelligence. This isnt going to be stick assess team, but if its an important system, as it forms the foundation of degrees of higher cognition and its characteristics, make it attractive to studies. Its capacity is limited and we cant recall endless numbers of things. And its fragile. Info gets lost when were distracted on the one. This gives us a chance to see how it performs compared to other species. And this is how good is it cro compare to a monkey for example. How much can they recall . How flexibly can they work with these kinds of subjects get on to bomb . In this experiment, a crow is learning that only the tube on the range will help it raise the water level in the middle and bring the food closer. When it throws in stones on the left and nothing happens, the amazing thing. Its learning from experience alone and even employing tools that points to complex thought pattern. And besides ravens hours and parents are also of interest to bring researchers, even pigeons wait. Pigeons of course says bio psychologist, own, or going to one of the worlds foremost pigeon and researchers. He also works in both, and its been examining the birds cognitive abilities for years. This is mike, does it to you . Is he up . Do you think i really liked these animals . Doesnt theyre not the superstars of learning. Thats the crows and parents. But they have something really great, a kind of meticulous assistance in carrying out a given task life and then they work on it for hours. And thats ideal for scientists as the mistakes they make, provide incredible insight into how the thought process functions, v dusting and from to near to as you mentioned. Thats why they Great Research animals have dentist come, i love them. He does, he, mammals, the brains cortex is responsible for a complex problem solving. It was assumed birds lacked such a cortex. But with the help of a laser, scientists found cortex like structures visible in the Cross Section of the birds brain. The typical horizontal and vertical strands that make complex thought possible with these kinds of vertical strands enable an extremely Detailed Analysis of everything they perceive. The horizontal is help them connect it all together. Under a microscope, it becomes clear with the vertical and horizontal structures are capable of lets using an item that we see our individual doc and nerve cells that with the technology weve applied here, we can see when the dock and cells communicate with other in the so so in a way were seeing whos communicating with whom am i to meet today and its astonishing discovery. No one expected a bird spring could be as complex as a mammals of didnt. Yes, blacks. This glance, the brain seems so different, but youd be able to further in, you go and the more carefully you look, the more you find the same basic principles. The closer you look in, the more similar they are shown. In other words, brain structure is a decisive factor in determining an animals cognitive abilities. The some features of the strains could already be seen in the full fathers, the dinosaurs. Thats an indication of the close relationship between beds and dinosaurs, just like they gave genetic analysis shows, chickens and ostrich is a more closely related to the to run a source rex than any other living space. But one of the obvious differences is the size adults that the relative from mexico wants to know. Why didnt the dinosaurs grow so big . Giraffe, so the tallest land animals are live today, reaching heights of up to 6 meters. They tower over all other creatures. Yet they are shrimps, compared to the dinosaurs. The largest ones were known as sorrow pods. These giant are boys 1st walk the earth some 230000000 years ago. 66000000 years ago they became extinct. Findings of their bones reveal that some of these dinosaurs were more than 35 meters long, 17 meters tall, and weighed almost 70 tons. Thats about as heavy as a herd of elephants. There are several reasons why dinosaurs grew to be so large. One is likely because they chew their food, they tore off branches and leaves with their teeth and swallowed them whole as the simulation that a Dinosaur Park shows. So they could consume vast quantities of nutrients quickly. Their bottlenecks also let them raise over large areas without needing to move around. The energy save could then be used for growth. The another reason was the bird like respiratory systems. So real ponds, briefly using air, sex, distributed throughout their bodies, even between the cervical vertebrae. This made their next relatively light, which allowed them to become so very long. The researchers also believe that dinosaurs grew very quickly young dinosaurs just touched from an egg like this. We barely 10 kilos, but in just 30 years that we would increase 5000 fold. But there are still many secrets to be discovered about several pods of largest animals ever to walk the earth, the if our blood is read. Why do you have a question about science . Send it to us as a video text, a voice message. If we onto it on the show, well send you a little surprised as a thank you to come on just on the now back to the descendants of the dinosaurs. But during mating season, many males struck their stuff and tried to impress the opposite sex. In many species, males even need to show potential pauses. Fair enough. Next, many birds favorite dense undergrowth. Will they breeding grounds . While others b, c, 6 fell to in hatches. Its safe place to raise young that catches called in to the we deal with off and pay that much attention. But these plans are actually very useful. Hinges, protect us from noise and dust, and from the prying eyes of our neighbors. But thats not all. A new study shows the bushes and trumps also provide a secret weapons and climate protection hitches are multi functional. And there are fantastic carbons stores eyes. They store just as much of carbon in their bio mass in the soil per square meter. As far as i do in 5 minute time withheld from a chain. So researchers from the tune and institute in northern germany are collecting samples from various types of hedge to study how efficient they are as carbon stores. Data of this kind has never been collected before that they were surprised by the results having hedgerows and farmland provides exceptional climate protection in terms of carbon storage. The only thing better is marshland end up your muscle carpet stored in the bio mass of the head. So, so in the twigs branches en, route seca and in the soil, under the hedge one thats carbon that comes from the atmosphere, a c o 2 via so the hedge who is contributing towards crime and protection, that those c muscles bypassing a newly planted hedge of 720 meters can store the same amount of c o 2, that an average person in germany produces in 10 years. But in the last 70 years, almost half of all hedge rows have been removed. So the bigger Agricultural Machinery can be used. This has resulted in empty landscapes and mono cultures. Of the tells me the function may be logic, thousands of kilometers of heads rows from the countryside. If you look at the land today thats used for intensive farming, everything was wide open or there are no dividing lines anymore and you know, strips of grass ghosts and whats missing. Most of all are hedge roads in the hiccups, along with the use of pesticides on the fields, the lack of structures on farmland is one of the main reasons that species are becoming extinct. Current studies have shown this job showing thursday. If i just dont taking the test, i, the destruction of hedge rose has led to the loss of many different types of plants that grow along the borders up and funded, but also many, many species of animals from insects to reptiles, to be. Im phoebe, in the sense lizard, for example, and them should be on site the common toad that seek shelter in hedges too. But it also affects birds and much on the eyes of the malls and mammals like the door mouse and rely on plants like hawthorn and hazelnut bushes for food and hospital styles. As now squint lago, hedgerows dont just provide food and shelter, which is especially important for endangered species. They also create car doors that connect the various bio tops that are spread across the land to see another of the species are dying out, i guess because they cant connect with other members anymore. Theres no Genetic Exchange and the individual populations are becoming too small. And the hedge rows provide a link between the various populations, various islands, and even they were good examples of areas that do have lots of hedge rows. And when you look inside the hedges and you see that theres so much more life therapist, ill be using this manual says, hedge rose and den would provide a specially valuable habitats for insects and other useful creatures. Hedges also protect the soil. When they grow less water evaporates, and the wind speed drops. So less soil blows away, blankets down the line for the good clout, picnic still and will buy for a long time. Farmers used to think hedges with just a bit of a nuisance. And just because they have to drive the machinery around the line for the d, z in the pipe, lots of farmers are starting to see that they actually need hedges, especially during the dry spells for like a dry summer elantra to materials. And they have a cooling effect and they store water. So farmers actually get better use if they have hedge rose. This being all 50, i take a deadlines which has boots in as researchers from austria have taken a closer look at how much the yield increases by planting hedges. They discovered that an 8 meter high hedge has an impact on the 80 meters of crumbling next to it. The yield of winter wheat increases by 9. 5 percent. And sunflower yields increased by almost 24 percent so they might not look much. But these plans harness a multitude of benefits whether theyre in a field or in your own garden hedges are great for the environment. They store seo to provide shade and even decoration patches can also attract animals. If you choose the right ones, the native wild shrubs are best for that. Especially ones that bear fruit, such as elderberry and Central Europe or common barberry, and cornelia and cherry. They can transform ornamental gardens into useful ones. Theyre not only good for the soul, but also for the environment we live in the thats it for this edition of tomorrow today, d, w science program. Thanks for watching and see you next time. Until then state curious by the the, [000 00 00;00] the on the trash trash as an environmental naming. Clothing, graveyard, immature land desert. This is where things wealthy industrial nations no longer need and lightest textile waste gets stranded here. All about the final stuff in the Global Fashion industry. The fast fashion watch now on youtube image is freedom of the online with young. Those koreans fled to south korea where they realize their dreams of becoming social media. But then they disappeared without warning. Need to recess as a north korean propaganda video. Whats happened from north korea with love starts october 25th on d w. The only way i can be on the top is to create my own empire, discover stories to just to click away the journey, the destination right . Size document, trees. Subscribe. Now. Second entry the, this is dw use line from bell in us. President joe biden trembles to israel on wednesday. Youll be a firm is rails right to defend itself and talk about the need to minimize civilian dance as it stands up. Its an strength on causes at a meeting here in early and with germanys lead to all sorts. King abdullah of jordan, ones against any in punch of Palestinian Refugees into his country over egypt. Cooling as
comparemela.com © 2020. All Rights Reserved.