Bad. And much more this week on tomorrows today dw science program, the nicholas gwen blog is a molecular biologist and best selling populace science. All of his work led into a very big question. What are the positives of something that isnt itself spot for us . If you have something that we humans created like a building or a call and watch, the more use it, the more one down it gets, and then the less functionality. So you can say that the con, age is su, use it. But you know, biological organisms are different because when we stress ourselves, when we use our bodies, we do get this damage. But then we can also read power so, so that means the damage then get turned into becoming stronger. In the end, the scientific term is derived from the engine grateful to excite. I mean basically how mesa is, is string through adversity getting stronger from stress and becoming more resilient as you actually damage yourself. And home is this a companys us throughout our entire lives, beginning with the immune system in early childhood. These hospital incubators, or a temporary home through extremely vulnerable babies, the technicians are checking the ventilation, is nothing in only a minimal amount of particles to the premature baby. Bored at the same time, this is not supposed to be a gym, free environment, shooting infants, some old like tyria is counter productive and cleaning them down to see what this team, you know, and these are basically in this phase the immune system learns how to fight infectious agents from outside when. Ringback and that is the reason why we dont get sick so often in our teens and in adulthood to approximately ive had no confidence on how does that look . The a nate immune system with bowman has a built in response protocol. It targets. Anything that identifies is a danger and only knows one way to fight. In contrast to the adoptive immune system relates required individually this custom find, developing sophisticated Defense Mechanisms of the facing challenges in the shape of viruses. All bacteria. The whole nice effect stress leading to great to resilience and excessively Clean Environment presents the risk of the immune system. Basically, having Nothing Better to do and set its sides on our own body among the potential consequences or allergies. The children the outside and get dirty on the other hand makes them tough and strengthens their immune defenses. Thats according to the hygiene hypothesis. At least. Traditionally a popular premise among home uses researchers. These days, the theory is considered too simplistic, but the principle has not been refuted. Nicholas spent bog dug around and a range of studies on the subject that side of the positive factors. Things 8 experiments with toxic comp tells that taking the moderation hudson the astonishing effects when you read studies, for instance, taking wins and then feeding them. Weve kilo another pricing, and then youll see that if you keep it at a low dose, these ones will actually live longer than the ones that have not been present at all. And or thats examples with radioactive radiation, while you take, for instance, mice. And then you, you read them and of course, if you have really, really in height i radiation, they can kanza and die. But if you have a low level of activity live longer than the mice that has just been left alone on. How does this work . High doses of radiation, obviously, body thing coach, the generation of free radicals through oxidation. They destroy cells and cause whats called oxidative stress. But in smaller doses, radiation can reverse that process. In this case, for a radical serve as an alert for the body to toughen up from that is home basis. And effective this kind do appear to occur in humans. And studies show the nicholas simmering ship yard workers hod longer than average life spends with some of the findings among radiologists in britain. While the results of the subject of considerable debate, diesel version effects do exist. The exact doses have yet to be determined. So dont try this at home kids assessment blog. What he would like to see is adding a little home uses to our everyday lives. Peer to exercises good view. It might mean a bit of damage to the body due to oxidative stress. But again, in the right dosage it makes it stronger. Plus, according to bind blog, the vegetarian diet can also have a whole mix. This effect. A lot of edible plants, in fact, have a slightly toxic effect for us due to water soluble molecules. They contain cold police deals, they stimulate the gene, the directs Defense Mechanisms at the cellular level, consumed in the right dosage. They helped to train our immune system. The this only works however, if the city of the process is in our body, all functioning properly across the principal could like is the situation to a Waste Removal service. Once defective molecules have been detected by the cell that enclosed in a bubble. And how scenario a garbage truck which that heads off to a kind of recycling yard inside the cell. So molecular waste is then taken apart with many of the constituent elements being reused. This process a prerequisite full of nice effects is called on top of g. Funding the right dosage, however, its far from straightforward. We can, the 1st thing we can learn from home is just that biology is extremely complex. Its not just as straightforward as if youre trying to fix a car or Something Like that. When youre trying to do something on your body, thats always all of these feedback loops. So if you try to move your body in this direction, it will push back into the other direction and you can see even if damage yourself, well then you get stronger. But sometimes also when we then try somebody go so stronger, we end up in making ourselves riga in the end because of the systems as well. So we just learned that the body and just even the symbol when is really, really complex. The, the bottom line, an unhealthy lifestyle isnt good for you. But now and again, a lot of us do like to, lets all head down. And muscle cells goes, despite knowing that it can reduce our Life Expectancy. And around half of us have an additional contributing factor that they can do little about that global Life Expectancy, cement is several years. Joseph and so women and the highest i and his team in frankfort are among various researches hes been suspecting a 2nd culprit for many years now. The y chromosome is the one that genetically makes a man a man and struggles. I love to start to show us it is relatively clear from large scale studies to as a y chromosome is indeed involved in this slightly lower Life Expectancy among men. The men of chromosomes store Genetic Information and our body cells. We have 23. 00 pads with one of them determining on gender. While women have 2 x chromosomes, men have an x and y. I suppose one was in fact the y chromosome is the smallest of all of our chromosomes and contains on the just over 50 genes, the x chromosome of 800. So it really is atanya chrome is im a cool way, was assume that its sold purposes to determine gen directed to determine me and that were such as have now come to conclude that the y chromosome plays a major role in male health. The problem is not the chromosome itself, but its low. Over the years and decades, someones y chromosome stops to deplete in connection with errors and cell division. This affects what it calls the blood stem cells and the bone marrow that building new blood cells. Some of them no longer have a y chromosome in either so form at the age of 45. 00 or so around 5 percent of man have suffered y chromosome law. So its a slight 60, that figure is between 20 and 25 percent and fish on and among men, age 70 plus 40 percent, and todd y chromosome laws and photo specifics on chromosomes over a lifetime. Lots of the y chromosomes can lead to what scientists call a mosaic jews, the patch work of cells with different genetic compositions. This can have serious consequences. And then thats inside the studies over the last 2 or 3 years have shown that menus lost this y chromosome. Ill have a higher likelihood of cardiovascular disease outside those diabetes. If its under the classic geriatric disease. Macular degeneration taking up, which is a gradual loss of vision based on some stuff that amount on to alcohol. So the question them wash and how is this possible to become, to assign the team and frank for us, examine blood samples from patients with heart issues and found cells with no y chromosomes fall more frequently. And this is, this is a healthy group. And this is the group with cardiac in sufficiency. And you can clearly see how y chromosome last is far more common in the group with cardiac and sufficiency. Another aspect is the patient slacking, the y chromosomes on average dice una from the heart condition. This is borne out and the survival statistics to patients with an artificial Hospital Research group in the us discover the following. Among life, blood cells with alpha y chromosome can trigger a sickening or scarring in the hot cold fibers this this stiffens up the hot, and compromises is capacity to pump. Its not yet clear whether these results can be applied to humans. The Frankfurt Team are observing a similar process and all cells, but there is still plenty of areas that have yet to be examined. Including house accounts to the loss of the y chromosome. Depth side give just the only really 2 recommendations at the moment. We know that smoking accelerates the loss of the y chromosome london man, so we recommend that men quits indicate answers to the 2nd thing that seems to be imaging. How is that the physical activity on a regular basis has a protective effect . Thats, thats often politic teeth. And if the preventative action doesnt always help, which is why the research is aim is to gain a more precise understanding of the harmful effects of y chromosome. Last, although even then it will be many years until effective medication has been developed. So for the time being, the gap in Life Expectancy between men and women is set to stay the on the other hand, men often get a better deal in life. They dont go through child who have to go on the hill. This is only ever been available for women that that might change in the near future. The, at the university of minnesota, a Research Team headed by going to guild of discover a compound that would be suitable for making known, hormonal contraceptive pill ferment in micro, were really targeting a multitude of proteins. So i would say probably about 6. And of course the, its very in stages of development and the one that is the, for of this a long as the project on a rigid in the wake assets receptor alpha. So i guess we are at this stage where we have, i guess the clinic. Ok, i mean its not a candidate is called y c t 5. Tonight im was tested on my own mice. This compound is reducing spar. Im counts and the thoughts from montezuma and excite coal and the mouse is 35. That is true. And so that is the amount of times that you have to administer the walk to see if the effect 99 percent of the mice rented, instead of tile 6 weeks after being taken off the drug they were able to reproduce again. Plus the side effects minimal. The contraceptive has since been tested on other animals the Company License the compound. They also did a similar amazing studies with rats. And they also found that it was equally effective. And also they did not see any side effects and then they actually also administer the talk to non human prime. Its basically its a monkeys. And again, it was effective and also totally reversible. Following those promising developments, the compound is now being tested in human Clinical Trials. Researches in germany are also working on alternative contraceptive solutions biochemist, claim and steve, born on his team at the university of fi, white up and conducting tests on mice and collaboration with american colleagues. The compound in this case is t d i 11861. It looks by inhibiting the enzymes soluble, the little side place s a c plays an Important Role in activating spence and making the mo tile or able to swim. That means that and then thats it is prevents some swimming rapidly as in the, in an effect from moving forward. And it also stops the maturing process. It isnt necessary for the storm diffuse with an egg. So hes midnights, end of estimates. The new compounds advantage is that it can take effect within just 30 minutes. And as a 100 percent, success rate preventing fertilize ation for around 2 and a half hours. 24 hours after the injection, the much is spent, facility was restored before the Biology Research as move on to clinical studies. They want to make detailed improvements to t. D. I 11861 and produced optimize derivatives of the compound industry. And the other compounds a more bio, available absorbed, more effective the word i just did it more slowly and work longer here. Its for our objective before starting Clinical Trials is to combine the features and also committing and if the results from the animal trials are confirmed. In clinical studies with human subjects, non homeowner contraceptive pills, cause mock another milestone in gender equality. Way perhaps soon well finally see a fair share of responsibility between men and women. For all potential consequences of romantic and count. If i would let is read, why do you have this science question then send it to us as a video, text or voice mail. If we answer it on the, i will send you a little surprise as that. Thank you. This weeks question comes from Bosnia Herzegovina specialist says, why is it that our teeth dont grow back from many people lisa teeth as they reach old age rodents, like tempest isnt squirrels, have teeth that never stop growing. Whereas over the course of their lives, chunks produce ups of 40000 teeth whenever they lose one, a replacement to fluid from behind the case only on nails in hand, keep on growing the only replacement for loss tooth. Its all substantial one the to understand why we have to look at our tooth formation process or owed on to genesis, which begins in week 6 of pregnancy um milk t stopped to form. At this point, the fetus is just 8 millimeters loan. Starting in the 3rd or 4th month, the bugs of what will be all permanent teeth, appear in a secondary dental lemma. Now. And once we have one, a milk teeth and wrapped in an average 8 months off the bus before floating else again between the ages of 6. 00 and 9. 00. The june now has sufficient space for the permanent teeth to break through. The imagines about wisdom, teeth and adulthood is the final stage of ode unto genesis. Looking at all, even lucian humans have no need to adjust the set of teeth. But with People Living to an increasingly higher age, all to me to last longer to, and on dietary habits caused them to fall out prematurely. Tooth decay, for example, is one of the most Common Health problems in the world today. So if that set of teeth would make a lot of sense for searches around the globe have spent years on the development of regenerative chief at violins, technical university, scientists managed to produce funds that couldnt ferry springs new teeth. So the meantime, those will have to make do with all skills solutions. The people with alzheimers disease become increasingly forgetful and experience problems with orientation and speaking to most patients and their families. The conditions progression is a painful and distressing ordeal. Many patients require support with otherwise routine tasks out time is, is the most common form of dementia and remains and incurable brain disorder, the medication available to dates, to know me and the v 8 the symptoms, but not put in into the new compounds all. However, in development, in may 2023, an American PharmaceuticalsCompany Published a provisional findings for my study on as outside the onto body to none of them up the 47 percent of patients treated with a new compound remain stable and 40 percent. So lets decline in their ability to carry out today the tasks the cabinet. So there wasnt improvement and cognition. And thats one of the crucial differences should be anti bodies used in the past. And before going to have access to the Drug Research a 100. So it was, they didnt move out of hand in the development of a similar auntie party therapy. Many years ago, the compounds deployed to data had only a limited effect. The windows sheets, folks who do not know the difference is that the minimum oper moves in a central super toxic peptide, upload them dyspeptic a course source of crystallization and plaque formation. So crystal is up to and on. So like food and field of want existing antibody medication likely kind of does break down the blocks and the brain, but does not deliver an improvement to patients mental well being. Today, scientists know that the truck deposits are not the only factor in the onset of outside. This is a force to them. What we sometimes call the milk made idea that flex damage the neuron. Somebody move to to a degree to up to one is perfect. What device month today or do we know that the link them up peptides . These are gonna clumps of toxic peptides that are free christmas to the plaque deposits. Play a very big part in disrupting the nervous system from this now since this team, so from a study in the us launched in the 1980s provided early indications that not only plucks were to blame it, examined around 600 nuns age between 76 and a 107 at that time up to one conspicuous finding it was at the intellectual faculties, had evidently not been compromised. Despite the outside of the plucks, even nuns with a large number of products and their brains were still able to perform mentally challenging tasks right up until theyre passing. The non student whos on the we were fascinated by the non study back then not visible to prompted a lot of scientists to ask themselves with the blacks where the central element in the triggering of the disease. Ringback in the us losing or whether it was parts of the plaque. So look at that. Were playing a decisive role next the, the views and just wanted to be drugs developed date things to support patients memory capacity. But the results were of limited effect until the development of an antibody treatment tucked in particular components of the flux might to knock them off. Now mean a breakthrough into teen pont is scientific direct to other german outside of the research association. Shes very a premature celebrations. Even the patient has done that amount, but its still not a game changer. A cons actually stone to disease or symptoms. Ill give them a tool and each of income is a kind of best delay, the progression of the disease. But whether this will be tangible to patients is questionable in the dark, the even that would be cause the hope for a lot of patients and their loved ones. Even given the side effects in the brain swimming was detected in 24 percent of cases. And the c one to send in both micro hemorrhaging point and the vast majority of cases, the side effects what a symptomatic. But 1. 6 percent of cases involved severe side effects. And that way even 3 depths related to side effects. Phillips of one from even even the comments. Its hard to say what the new anti body will lead to i q a. Has some research as believes, just as the disease itself progresses very gradually, the new antibody might need quite some time for its healing effect to fully develop. So use of Clinical Trials will be required before a Fair Assessment can be made for from this edition of tomorrow. Today dw science showed thanks for watching and see you. Next time the the the bonus league guaranteed are ready to take off the minutes on d. W. Our rivers and oceans are choking on plastic waste. The refuse gets into the water in many ways and causes catastrophic damage. How can we protect these important habits as 3 experiments in europe . Show possible solution. Turning the tide on marine plastic, nose in 75 minutes on d w. The change can be viewed to test the natural conclusion of the like the trying to change the age of enlightenment. Its 300 year old idea is be responsible for todays problem. And could they help us solve them . I believe our futures in our past. The americans of the beginning of mcdonough, the series of the great philosophers to our present and future. Enlightment says progresses in our hands and that means so its weekly. Its up to the house series, project and services on d w the the. This is dw use life from the end of l. Price for physics is awarded to the 3 scientists for giving humanity new tools to explode. A world of electronics. Hope is their innovation will lead to advances in medical diagnostics. Germany celebrates for unification day, but how is unified audra vince building . So he used to the brother and ball came down at east and west became one and why 2 most in the east side democracy