Flames. New construction methods aimed to prevent further damage in cape town, townships, and combating deforestation can brazil stopped to the destruction if its reinforced the. What if i told you the country responsible for this was once great at fighting deforestation. In recent years, one man has become synonymous with destruction in the brazilian, amazon former president charitable sonata, his lax policies allowed scots of rain for us to be raised to the ground during the last 240 years. Amazon was a place to go to, but it wasnt always dispatch, in fact, because of which ones good at protect thing. Its for the country previously reduced deforestation in the amazon by 80 percent over the course of 8 years. This downward trend started in the early 2, thousands under president leads the now to let us do the most just on is lula. And now both of mattel is out and louis back. The brazil has changed dramatically in the last decades. So will the country be able to combat deforestation again . Heres the thing we presume politicians decide to do with fair part of the amazon concerns us all, even as both a matter says, the amazon is ours, not yours. Of course, the most affected are the millions of People Living there and the hundreds of thousands of plant and animal species. But the amazon also plays a vital role and absorbing enormous amounts of seo to that keeps the gas from heating the this here and making seems like bees. More and more common around the world is uh, the 1st 4 clean may change, but should they fathers cheating . Amazon . We are destroying our buffer. That shes a silly, raging degree makes change. They stream events. This is lucy on a gotcha. A Senior Researcher with results National Institute for space research, she found out the amazon has been destroyed to such an extent that its not admitting more carbon than it takes. And thats partly because the fire is used to clear the forest relief tons of it. Please window is stopping immediately. This process we will lose at this fire trophy and muscle forward. It should become the shipping point. Okay, that sounds the pressing. I promise were getting to the solutions. But 1st, we need to understand what has allowed us to the 4th, 17 percent of the present and amazon. Heres a clue. Its a money maker, and this goes all the way back to the 19 seventys. At that point, the reinforce was largely untouched. But the military regime that was in power per student agendas, nationalism and economic development, it decided exploiting its biggest forest was the way to boost presented the economy or the military in brazil, the port seeing the region as a reason to be cold courage level is the president of the institute, we got a bad, a filtering specialist and climate and Security Issues and involvement was paying for people to go to the amazon and amazingly, say, whatever you can do, forrest will be yours. The reason that this to convince people to settle in a forest is considered to be uninhabited, of course, or were indigenous communities. There. It built a mass of highway to make it easier to navigate across the amazon and incentivized brazilians to move their to lock for timber and raise cattle. Over the coming decades these businesses proved to be very lucrative, especially because more, more people were eating meat around the world. And farmers needed lots of protein rich story to feed their livestock. So the rain forest had to continue making space for cattle pastures and searching. And his loss became stricter, Land Clearing also happened to legally, but then in 2003 came a turning point lula took office as president at a time when deforestation was sore. And she appointed administer marina silva, who really put the reinforced on the agenda with a men success from 2004 to 2012 deforestation. And the amazon, it went down by 80 percent. There are 3 major components that made this happen. First, a mass of expansion of protected areas. The administration added millions of hector is to be preserved by 2010 more than 40 percent of the amazon was officially under protection. These areas include conservation units and indigenous territories, designating you indigenous territories was especially important because theyve been shown to preserve the forest. Very successful officials, community havent been managing just so its a very simple sentence. This is a video on a homeless. She coordinates the n g o Institute Associated info, which focuses on environmental and indigenous rights. So the way just people in other traditional implemented deals with the forest as well. Maybe the forest more sense for us, in general, all the new protections work thats a huge deterrent. Because once you have a protective area, thats why well make money with that last will as. But that doesnt mean people could the forest all they wanted in unprotected areas. Here land owners could only farm on 20 percent of their territories. And to ensure this, the government ramped up its monitoring. It, improve that satellite system to detect deforestation in real time. And to give better training to environmental authorities and Law Enforcement to crack down on and legal activities. The final step was to tackle the supply chains. This only became a talking point to, to pressure from civil society. Cream cheese had published studies linked in deforestation in the amazon to so in the spot by major food companies, the public outcry paid off. It resulted in the swim or a tory and the beef moratorium, voluntary agreements between big Food Producers to stop buying these goods from new lead forested areas. The sewing more, a tory was especially successful. Its estimated to have saved 18000 square kilometers for us over a decade. You might wonder how does this affect the economy in the amazon . Well, its still kept growing. Agricultural production actually went up as deforestation decrease. Thats because farmers were not using the rolanda efficiently before and pastors offer remained empty. Soon they were forced to plant crops and some of these under use pastures and stock more cattle on them. If this all sounds too good to be true, its because it was around 2013 deforestation rates started climbing again during a time of political turmoil, to get rid of allies of the every business had pushed to weaken the laws, protecting forest and big Infrastructure Projects were creeping into the amazon to select the hydro electric them approved by none other than lulu. He said it was necessary for result, energy supplies. But it was in 2019 that things really started looking back for the rain forest. Charitable. So when i took office and his far right platform included lots of anti environment rhetoric sold to those environmental p b. If i can, i will, can find them to the amazon one day since they liked the environment. So much. Remember the paradigm from the 19 seventys that the 4th thing was key to boosting the economy. It came back full, so not a publicly pushed for more mining and indigenous territories. And his administration region, the Environmental Enforcement agencies shrinking their budgets and pushing up stuff. This created a climate of impunity thats really open to space for the cultural evasion of the criminal activities that were already there. But then that were coupled with much more organized criminal networks, much more resources for one of the really stiff economies. The illegal destruction of the amazon increasingly became part of sophisticated networks, trafficking drugs, guns, and laundering money. As a result, deforestation rates sort over the next 4 years. Its really searching. Europe is serving deal money. Well, king expense to touch equipment. The sonata was not re elected to be done with a razor thin margin in 2022. And one of the 1st things you did was go to the you and kind of talks and announce google it up to you. Brazil is back to meet at least 10 more Law Enforcement into the field to stop loggers on land grabbers. In january 2023 deforestation was already down 61 percent on the same month the year before. But that doesnt mean it will be an easy task presented has changed a lot so. So look for us took office 20 years ago used to be shutting down. No dot. This is Eduardo Viola from the university of softball. Hes referring to a set of new challenges like rebuilding all the institutions, both on that as the administrator and dismantled the description of, of the people that are taking offices that they found. What this im think of a lot of in terms of the lack of information of, of, you know, the, the history of what happened the, the level of Public Servants that asked to, to, to leave. The good news is that louis former environment administer has agreed to come back. But now her ministry will face a reinforce, eroded beyond recognition, filled with sprawling criminal networks and illegal lining strips for their planes. Another hurdle will be to account with the powerful agri, business lobby fellow, won the presidency. She doesnt necessarily have congress on his side peaceful issues, both the same. What if i read an activities in the amazon are much more strong or lead the guy at the low cost of living and the state the labor is done the way of doing the sort of pre of seen in the past that theyre capable of getting laws weekend and the industry will continue having this political influence, as long as the prophets of the rock at high demand for brazilian agriculture. Their words are teaching amazon as big as a saw. You have been, as a people pleaser, stopping by the help is these challenges are real and theyre significant. But Louis Administration also faces a set of opportunities, the opportunity to improve land productivity and far more efficiently to blue screen economies that use the regents resources without depleting them or cutting down trees. That includes commercializing were products native to the forest, and eco tourism. Brazil can also share its knowledge and successes with other forest giants like indonesia or the democratic republic of congo. So i hope we go back to the world seen not only as a green fowler, but as a generous lot that will bring others along. This step is crucial because we may not be able to put a price tag on saving or reinforced, but we will pay the price if we dont. The global sea level is rising inexorably in the 20th century. It rows by a total of around 15 centimeters since then the rate is almost tripled. Due to melting polar ice sheets, the expansion to form a single so many coastal dwellers, the question is becoming ever more urgent. What to do when the tech comes into the home for us is where we have been buying. We have going up as no place like this for us as a community, we are not ready to move longer if i have that as being facing and i started doing that for you so much i that was a lifetime. The smoke river is in a very dangerous place right now. I mean, its on the point where people are moving away because of this erosion the, were leaving over here with the 30 so that their homes. Last name is mary on my cell. Im a resident of the community if mom can we ever we started seeing the issue is with the erosion on the course thing. What hurts me the most about this was just curious. Even after we lost sight of uh, you know, pieces of property is we last on the football field for the last 4 my grandma and my grandfather . No watched or did the see you know, in advance that does not really hurt. We have been doing our best to try and keep what we have. I dont want to see any mammograms good. Can you see as a lot of my funding is still there . My sister. And so i dont because cause and good friends feel dear. Im currently sitting by the the my mom is, well, shes the reason i decided to become a teacher. The well, everybody around here, nowhere related from your members. So its really personal. So that is why i choose, well, i decided to get on the water shit and see what i can do as the bunker. Well, what i said association as man, if im doing this, what were seeing is with the rows on, on the cost side. Now the community we started seeing was changes on a river and we didnt seem to kind of fund that used to come out before the replenished wife is lost. Not totally the. We have no beach. No, but it was it was really nice having a beats. Yeah. You can walk around and enjoy the view of the sunrise thing the the, my god is the thing and see what they can do to improve a bit of money and then what we have because its easier, the money is what you have sent the restore. What you lost, so i had to get involved with the washing association in 2017, we were able to do a mentor 1st project. If i lot closed immunization on cost, im using the see want to share data g o 2. 00 project per the calls from gio tubes in front of the village. Um basically that was uh like uh, stabilisation metals to assist with some of the villagers were at risk of losing their home. The g of small Events Program provides financial and Technical Resources to civil society. Organizations to implement Community Driven action for little by the way was able to nurture surgery relationships with the residents of months later, including understanding their life, their concerns with their religion. The loss of the loss of their lives is the loss of 5 diversity. The degradation of watership in general is at an alarming rate being degraded for me that is extremely concerning. What i see with the early times i would hope that you can stabilize it, you know, put something on no rock sun to stabilize the, the, the, the beach front is stabilized. Then they, they can do other projects to help them of the, with the sun was coming inside the downstairs and run through all the way to the box. So what happened . The guys took some rocks that government give us on board. There is on smaller ones and they put them just in we bought on boat and throw them in front to help them build back a little bit at a sun. So we know that the molars would work. The bunker over village is one of those coastal communities that wed be close to Fishing Community located in southern eastern part of the lease. A small pre owned amenities living in harmony with nature mover is not responsible for the clement crisis. Yet the are the ones that are suffering to create this loss and damage. What we need is climate just want to get back on the month. Ready okay, this is a beautiful place the next saturday, so it is here for us these not that means and without them we cant exist. If we can address what were seeing monthly about can be here for another 100 years. The as a drawing of a room. Kevin more fires often, its the very poorest to suffer the most light residents of informal settlements. The township of most of whom in a near cape town, has 30000 president s spread across nearly 40 hectic knows who quarterly, with sourcing through the wreckage of her home. 2 weeks ago assigned to destroyed 178 checks. Yes, homes made of corrugated meso on a wooden frame. So. So i ran out with the thing about the only thing i have left in my pajamas was them. My neighbor died in the fine one of his friends film to insult a. Fires like these are happening more frequently. As the population grows, people are living closer together and heat waves are also more common because of climate change. Thousands of homes also have been down recently in cape towns biggest township, kylie to and not for the 1st time. Architects gloria perdita and had team from the n g o. E k. Allow me a, rebuilding the houses in the new ones are affordable and more durable. Something were here to implement. Ill think of doing instruction, which is why we taught and slow slug. Weve been tied up by a by this one. So the latest fly without a trace, the seed metal they using a 2nd. So fi account sprayed as easily from home to home. It kalani is funded through donations. Its already built 3500 of these new models. In the closer language economy means my home, the n g o wants to help people live in safety and dignity such as mays old, corrugated iron hunt was replaced a year ago. Of the select to see how things are going. Yeah, everything is okay. And as you go to the place of the shower on the oh i conway that is. Yeah. For one you please have one check who you know that thing much more like cutting down with the re come oh and i have a head diction order. Right . Gone through that project time, but now you get up in the beautiful place, i guess i tell them that things are going. Cedric may works as a catty on a golf course. His employer agreed to help finance the Construction Cost of around 1000. 00 bureaus together with a car allow me this kind of co financing is the basis of economies funding model. Mostly we pre finance as much as we can of the boat and the employer employees meet this health way. And sometimes employees also part taken that thing that perhaps the employer can pay upfront and then the employees pay back the employer. So the rates thats suitable to their relationship and their financial reality. The golf course pays back the interest free loan within a year. Economies Housing Initiative is part of the project bias, collaboration. It helps employees provide day work is with the best a home for the equivalent of about 70 years a month. These huge demand in formal settlements will dominate africas cities in the near future. The already home to one in 5 cape town residents. Jo bellnick is an oven development advisor. He says fine resistance homes can quickly improve Living Conditions and townships in times of climate change. Some of the hot to the winds or, or significantly more for the rushes or is catching always has, has heavy readings for now they then more sustained and more and predictable and often much move on to the top. And even the in migration of people are moving from the room and into the cities is pushed by the fact that sustainability and survive ability in the room areas is being profoundly impacted by the changes in class economy isnt only making homes find resistant together with the oven sink time from e t h. C. Eric. The n t o has replaced an entire and foremost settlement with 2 story homes to the empower shock. Pilot project has already built more than 70 units. The last ones will be handed over to the new owners today. Okay, towns deputy maya has arrived. The city council wants to officially on the new homes and the other news its. Its really important to us that makes the heavy duty does it take us in the country . We have a population. So i think its just about 4800000 people that they did suggest to deal with some possible compose to 6000000 people. At the end of this decade, we need to plan different types of products every need to secure partnerships, to respond to those in. I mean, its a good place to store in any minute and see this street provides access for fire trucks and ambulances, where a car guy sit on huts, one stood crammed together. They are now children playing the project also plans to provide. So the power for the neighborhood, youre looking at 3 megawatts of Solar Energy Production in the kweisi park alone. Uh, and see the potential for i think its a 2 gigawatts of renewable Energy Production in kylie cha. Initiatives like empower shack and economic us do to skids, and so that africa where the desperately needed people like those who color leeway, con flight for years, for a safe place to live. Nice. The next thing get, im devastated. That was my 1st by a and i havent been susan wilson. My neighbors say theres a big fund every summer. Its become normal here. Was that at times in the last 3 years, 5 years in k townsend foremost settlements have nearly doubled to 5000. 00 a year. In the super manila, theyre worried that if some is keep getting close to, this is just the beginning. The, [000 00 00;00] the robots become our friends, might we fall in love with the machine . For scientists around the world, its just a matter of time. 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