opposite i'm broke off in berlin this is the day. you got manifest your facts all hold it. against the question mop the u.k. regulator the european deregulated and the doctor will say to meet astra zeneca 5000 disabled people should continue to take it a really questionable association between the facts and that it seems there was no indication that oxidation had called for these competitions we would for the time being that command that countries continue. facsimile to the posters in a cup so it's actually shaking it is saving well it's. also coming off a volcano ready to erupt on ice. and geologists issued the warning earlier this month but so far no good just tens of thousands of earthquakes and lots of sleepless nights but right now everyone is sleep deprived because the event is constantly moving day on nights. but to our viewers on p.b.s. in the united states into all of you around the world welcome we begin the day in europe's vaccination vacuum for the past month europeans have watched the u.k. and the united states with a mixture of envy and growing anger today for example 2 and a half 1000000 coronavirus vaccine shots were administered in the united states today here in berlin the vaccination centers where most jabs are given they were closed germany and 12 other countries in the european union have temporarily suspended use of the astra zeneca vaccine citing concerns about a link to blood clots but there is no evidence of any link yesterday astra zeneca said so along with the world health organization and today the european medicines agency added there is no indication that the vaccine calls is blood clots a decision on what to do next is expected this coming thursday the astra zeneca vaccine was supposed to be the easy use work course making possible the inoculation of 70 percent of all e.u. residents by summer's end with the vaccines removal even temporarily that goal is looking more and more out of reach a hastily arranged online news conference at the european medicines agency in amsterdam. regulators are scrambling to respond to the latest crisis in go thing the e used troubled vaccination campaign more than a dozen member states have suspended use of the astra zeneca vaccine over concerns it could cause blood clots. well the investigation is ongoing we are currently we are still firmly convinced that the benefits of the are so pathetic a back seat in preventing post 19 with it that sophie ate at risk of hospital i they sent that outweigh the risk of the side effects there is no indication that vaccination has caused these conditions they have not come up in the clinical trials and they're not listed as known arse or expected side effects with this vaccine. germany france italy and spain have all stopped and ministering the vaccine that move has been widely criticized having failed to pick your enough doses the e.u. is already well behind others like the u.k. the us and israel in inoculating its population. vaccination is more than ever in order to decrease the number of infected people we recognize the significant and regrettable challenges around production and delivery but we do however urge member states to use all the available goes. but some welcome the suspension or the europe wide stroke was a wise decision we need transparency we need knowledge and we need to assure people that the vaccines are safe that it is not going to take forever then we can decide whether to release the vaccine again played. regulators will unveil the findings of their review of the astra zeneca vaccine on thursday policymakers are hoping the investigation will increase confidence in the vaccine but with anti vax sentiment already running high in many member states raising the alarm might already have had the opposite effect. once a night here in the european union there are some 8000000 doses of the astra zeneca vaccine still inside bottles waiting to be injected into arms let's turn now to someone who can help us understand what connection if any there is between this vaccine and blood clots dr mary cushman is a vascular hematology has been a professor of medicine and pathology at the university of vermont on twitter her moniker is mary wear our masks cushman our because when it's good to have you on the day before we talk about the astra zeneca vaccine tell us what do we know about how kovac 19 affects the blood and claudy well that's a really interesting question so when people become infected and have severe illness significant enough to require hospital stay we know that there are pretty significant arrangements or activations of the clotting and inflammatory systems and for some patients this leads to the development of blood clots otherwise known as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and these are clots that her or start in the leg veins and can break travel to the lungs causing serious illness it's very interesting also that the activation of clotting that scene seems to predict people who will develop lung failure and some people get these very small. clots in very small vessels of the lungs that contribute to the lung failure so we're doing a lot of research on this to see if blood thinning treatments will slow the progression of the disease once patients become significantly ill in hospital knowing all of this how widely do you think it is that in particular vaccine the astra zeneca vaccine in this case could be causing blood clotting problems. yeah i ran the numbers on this and looked at all the available evidence that i could find and it's important to understand the 2 types of clots that are being discussed in this context 1st is the deepening turbos that. i mentioned. the 2nd is something called cerebral vein from both of us which is the same idea when clots form in that drain blood back from the brain the cerebral veins and these are more rare types of clots and based on information in the news reports i can estimate that the rate of getting a deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolus after the shot is about 6 for every 1000000 patients getting the hot shot and the rate of 3 will in terms of this is 10 times less than that about 0.6 per 1000000 people getting the shot so when you put that into context you have to think about well what's the rate in the general population of these events who are not getting the shot and who are of a similar age and you can calculate this based upon information that we know from the epidemiology at these diseases and it turns out that the chance of it. after the shot is about 30 times lower than the background rate in the population so and even the rate of both this is about 3 times lower so based on what we think we know and what we're seeing in news reports anyway it would appear to me that the rate is actually lower than the rate in the general population which would go against everything we've been hearing here in europe because the fear has been the vaccine would actually in crease the chances and you're saying it's the opposite. i think so and part of the issues revolving from both this being a relatively rare disease it doesn't get a lot of research dollars put to or it right to improve its understanding and so i think there's a different perception of how common it is or how rare it is. by different people and so you know you have to you can't compare you know in the trials that lead to the approval of the vaccine for example you can't determine in those trials what the actual rate of clotting is because it's just not common enough yeah but you know if you believe this will inform us this was a lot more rare you might be more concerned but the best estimates we have for the rate of 3000000000 for moses is about one per 100000 each year in the general population so i mean we were with what you're telling us it makes it even more puzzling then what we have seen in the last couple of days here with countries suspending the astra zeneca virus how do you explain it dr is it possible that public health officials have been working with incomplete or flawed information. you know it's hard for me to really say in these cases it's always possible there's information that is known that's not public for example you know not because anyone's trying to hide anything but but perhaps. agencies are dealing with different information that that we don't have access to and what i'm telling you is simply the information that i can ascertain based upon my reading and what the news reports are saying about this so. you know i think that you have to try to 2nd guess what is happening but i think. that i think it's looking to me like it should not be something of concern well i mean i think what you have to say is definitely going to be of interest to a lot of people here in the european union and it may make a lot of people wanting to get a shot. even angry over what's been going on but to marry cushman with the university of vermont we appreciate your time and valuable insights tonight thank you. you're welcome. she made history when she was elected in november as the 1st woman vice president of the united states today vice president come a harris delivered her 1st address as vice president at the u.n. conference on gender equality and the empowerment of women here is made the case that democracy without the empowerment of women is fundamentally flawed she highlighted progress made in the united states but she warned nothing can be taken for granted take a listen in every presidential election for the last 56 years in the united states more women have voted than men more women than ever before serving the united states congress more women than ever are their families breadwinner and just last week the president nominated 2 women to take the helm of 2 of our 11 combatant commands. women in the united states lead our local state and national governments make major decisions regarding our nation's security and drive major growth in our economy these are signs of progress these are signs of strength but friends we cannot take this progress for granted specially now covered 1000 has threatened the economic security of the physical security and the health of women everywhere are just pick up the discussion now with my next guest i'm happy to welcome to the day a mirror a ross the director of the bard college globalization and international affairs program in new york city is very rossley has worked with the o.e.c.d. in syria and she also served at the u.s. state department working with madeline albright and richard holbrooke it's good to have you on the program i've been looking forward to talking with you especially knowing that you are a proponent of a feminist foreign policy now this month you tweeted to u.s. secretary of state clinton and you asked him what he thinks of. foreign policy tell us what is a feminist foreign policy. well thank you for having me on us foreign policy is a term that was quaint in 2013 by sweden sweden was the 1st country to adopt an approach on feminist foreign policy and essentially what it is it's a modern approach to the world it it really moves away from looking at the world through a one dimensional lens through the perspective of men and includes women and people of color and people who have always been not at the decision making table and really what we're looking at current policy we're still stuck in a 20th century mindset for much of the 20th century weak nations have approached foreign policy through measure by measuring how much output they have g.d.p. and their military strength i think this past year at the cove in 1000 and imax we've actually seen that growth in military strength really didn't matter what actually does matter is the strength the strength of your citizenry and your democracy does when we say examples of a feminist foreign policy at work around the world i mean are there any examples that come to mind immediately. well sweden pioneered feminist foreign policy and since then we've had canada france and mexico adopt them in us foreign policy but i think the world including the united states is now being closer to this this inclusive moderate lands of approach in the world which means that we actually consider issues that go beyond national borders and security so we're considering issues like climate change trade economics. and brain and into the fold and understanding how they impact not just nations at large but how they are impacting people particularly women. i remember reading a poll recently and the findings were clear there would be fewer conflicts and more peace in the world if more women were in power and setting foreign policy what do you say to that i mean do you agree it means that the studies show that when women are at the negotiating table during conflicts in peace negotiations that she c.l.s. 64 percent longer which goes to show you that you know it really does matter who is at the table and i think really what part feminist foreign policy is getting at is not having women represented for the sake of their gender but having women represent because of the perspectives that women bring to the table and the additional solutions that they can bring to conflicts whether it's to conflicts were issues like global public health to climate change to trade in economics i think the fundamental implements a feminist foreign policy has how do we actually get to addressing these global challenges that have now cross borders have become transnational and really affect every citizen of the world and you know what happens to a country's foreign policy when women are equal partners in the making of that policy you mentioned sweden and i can't help but thinking it just it makes it's always seems like it's common sense that if we have men and women at the table then the ability to understand each other is going to automatically be greater. but it's not even just a met matter of understanding one another i mean certainly that is it is definitely important but we were actually measuring the health of the nation and looking at how do we actually make progress we need to start looking at things that were from the past so right now we measure you know economic success with g.d.p. the social progress index actually looks at countries wellbeing basic whether our country can meet basic human needs for its society society and the opportunities that that its citizens can can reach and when you're measuring it on that basis united states actually comes in 28 and the countries that are are at how are norway finland denmark new zealand sweden and what all these countries have in common they have in common they really focus on gender equality and including women that that's a very good point they also have paid maternity leave that is sometimes months or years compared to the united states of course where there is none of the medically offered a mirror there aussi directly barred there but there it is improving our ranch in that director of the bard college globalization and international affairs program in new york it was good having you on the show we appreciate your time in your insights tonight thank you thank you for having me. or you know it has to be exterior when people living beside the volcano are tired of waiting for that volcano to erupt well that describes the situation at the moment for the people in iceland earlier this month the geologist sounded the alarm of a possible eruption and the ground has not stopped shaking sense and what is being called an unprecedented seismic event tens of thousands of little earthquakes have rattled homes in the country south keeping a nation on edge and without much sleep. experts say it could happen at any minute. here and there reckon as peninsula icelanders wait for an imminent eruption in the area surrounding night. but among the few residents in this small fishing town the mood is not so much one of concern as it is exhaustion so the situation in the grip of it is quite uncomfortable right now everyone is sleep deprived because the earth is constantly moving all day on lights some with quakes of thicker than others randi gutman stuff is a school teacher and lifelong resident here. experts say the 10 eruption from the brewing volcano will likely occur in an uninhabited zone and not pose a threat to the 10s residence what can be expected is a spectacular lava show with fine tunes which could extend up to 20 or even 100 meters in the air. i think everyone who lives in good interviews just waiting for an eruption will be a slow and steady eruption they tell us just so we can get more peace and quiet and i know there will be earthquakes but maybe not as big as we have passed. many are risque paying to the capital of reykjavik merely to get a break and escape the night tremors but guttman stutter is staying behind she's confident there will be enough advance warning if the threat to residents increases as for now she only earns for a good night's sleep. sleepless in iceland torrents who would have thought let's go now to iceland bring in seismologist dr august of 2 year from iceland geo survey she is in the capital good to have you on the program you've seen what hundreds of tremors in the past 24 hours just how long can this go want to be that some point there has to be a release of pressure doesn't there. yes and. we have had since the under started. in the 24th of february you had almost full 40000 wakes up to the date today so it's a continuous. big kava thank attrition my case that you know the freeze or that or what so these are the scenarios we're looking into. a moment but it could if it actually happens then we expect the ethics to stop but we don't know when or if that will happen with the what is going on here exactly that i mean how fast can the situation change. it it's difficult to say but it can change fast that we it's they have yes favored monitored both that sites moment tests and g.p.s. instruments so unless satellite images 0 been expecting to see the signal if something big happens but also to say that if an eruption. this will be. a fish of action that's not the contents and we expect it to be quite gentle the opening it's not going to be explosive although it's going to be quite quiet and should it be dangerous to people and let stand next to the fission ok what i was going to say for someone who's living next to a ball can you know that's about to erupt you seem very cold so the danger level than you would say is relatively low. yes to see people it's as if you know there's some infrastructure that might see it that sense of lights and i think that that they may in you since will keep. well you haven't by let it get into. a continuous quakes because we have been small ones and then and big ones that actually produce quite a lot of shaking and i felt today well i'm situated it's such a difficult almost as a way depending on the. tent. it's full for this type of interaction it's maybe annoy people but it's not dangerous for them it's what about the people there who are living close to the volcano there in grenada big how many people are we talking about. i think they're an order of 4000 people living around there and then you have also like settlements and villages of they know what's inside of them and expensed but then they can make in the cap so you have 2 beds of population so we have about 250000 people in the vicinity of. the possible options and there was a very big a volcanic eruption in iceland back in 2010 and it disrupted a lot of the air traffic what was the name of the volcano it's on the tip of my tongue. it's a great a half outlay of good which means island mountain gauge you know ok it's that would never have to think in 2010 say right to the explosive. that you will remember you know close to european airspace the most selfish of actions on the flank of it's ok to. we've been very quiet. after some seismicity so that one is more. and more similar to well expect to see they can use beat it don't expect to see another day at the u. . we it's almost impossible that it will happen just because of. ga go situation and the peninsula so we expect like a fish a gentle fish option which would be quite quite beautiful if you just stay away from a lot of safe yeah i mean i think i agree with you stay away from the waba flow dr to work on systems here joining us tonight from iceland with the latest on these earthquakes and a volcano that may or may not erupt we appreciate your time your insights tonight thank you. my. well the day is almost done the conversation continues online you'll find us on twitter either at u.w. news or you can follow me at brant go off t.v. and remember whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day the singer than. 70 percent of its forests have been cut down for economic nascent. iliana army is fighting with economic. her vision of closing the rain forests and using them to generate income for the seeds are growing topical to me against climate change. 1000. and 90 minutes on w. w's crime fighters are back now for those most successful in radio drama series continues. this season the stories focus on hate speech color of prevention and sustainable charcoal production. all of a sow's are available online and of course you can share and discuss on africa's facebook page and other social media platforms. crime fighters tune in now. hijacking the news. where i go drama the news is being hijacked journalism itself has become a script is reality show it's not just good versus evil us versus them black and white. in countries like russia china turkey people are told is that simple and if you're a journalist there and you try to get beyond that you are facing scare tactics intimidation and i wonder is that where we're headed as well. my responsibility as a journalist is to give me all the smoke and mirrors it's not just about the prayer for balance or being neutral it's about being truthful. when he was born golf and i were getting. frank food. international gateway to the best connection self and road and rail. located in the hut a few connected to the home with. experience outstanding shopping and dining offers and triallists services. biala gassed at frankfurt airport city managed by from a bog. this is deja vu news live from berlin is this a u. turn in the astra zeneca corona virus vaccine the european union's top medical regulator says the vaccine is safe the head of the european medicines agency says there is no indication that the shot is the cause of reported rare blood clot it's also coming out british prime minister boris johnson announces plans to boost written nuclear arsenal is this a necessary deterrence or a breach of international law and defiance protesters in me and more are met with more line family unit united nations calls on the international community to help end the violence standoff that has killed at least 138 people. i'm burnt off it's good to have you with thoughts tonight the european union's medicines regulator says it is firmly convinced of the benefits of astra zeneca as coronavirus vaccine outweigh the risk of any possible side effects it comes after a number of european countries holton vaccinations with the shot amid reports of blood clots the european medicines agency says there is no indication that astra zeneca has shot caused any clots it is holding a meeting to discuss the vaccine on thursday. hastily arranged online news conference at the european medicines agency in amsterdam. regulators are scrambling to respond to the latest crisis in go thing the e use troubled vaccination campaign more than a dozen member states have suspended use of the astra zeneca vaccine over concerns it could cause blood clots while the investigation is ongoing we are currently we are still firmly convinced that the benefits of the are so pathetic that back seat in preventing coke at 19 with this associated prisk of hospitalized patients that outweigh the risk of the side effects there is no indication that box anation has caused these conditions they have not come up in the clinical trials and they're not listed as known arse or expected side offense with this vaccine. germany france italy and spain have all stopped and ministering the vaccine that move has been widely criticized having failed to procure enough doses the e.u. is already well behind others like the u.k. the us and israel in inoculating its population this is a race against time and so the rollout of the vaccination is more than ever in order to decrease the number of intact people will recognize this significant and regrettable challenges around production and delivery but we do however urge member states to use all the available goes but some welcome the suspension or the europe wide stroke was a wise decision we need transparency we need knowledge and we need to assure people that the vaccines are safe it is not going to take forever then we can decide whether to release the vaccine again still like it. regulators will unveil the findings of their review of the astra zeneca vaccine on thursday policymakers are hoping the investigation will increase confidence in the vaccine but with antibiotics sentiment already running high in many member states raising the alarm might already have handed the opposite effect our lives take this note to our brussels correspondent gear of motus good evening to you georg so we've got the european union medicines regulators saying that there's no indication that the astra zeneca vaccine has caused these reported blood clots so does this put in to the matter. i would say brand yes and no no because the investigation is as we speak going on case by case evaluation of the scientific data that is coming in from member states yes maybe because the european medicines agency was quite clear in its explanation that the benefits outweigh the risks and my feeling is that even if they do establish a link in those few particular cases they are the recommendation to member states would still be continue the use of that particular vaccine because it saves many lives in this pandemic course it still doesn't help explain what we're seeing here with some countries saying that there's a danger others saying that there is a danger is it possible that health officials in the countries where astra zeneca has been suspended is a possible do they know more than they are letting on well that's an interesting question brand and if you look at the member states that have suspended the use of that vaccine of astra zeneca they have apparently coordinated that step and if you believe german health authorities they have made it clear that the cases they are looking at apparently a total of 7 cases in germany it's a particular font form of blood clots in the brain that drum both says that is very rare symptom and that this occurrence of these particular blood clots is above average and it is occurring apparently particularly regarding young women now we have to be careful with that information because that is exactly what the european medicines agency will now look at in order to decide whether this is a real link or just a coincidence so what are we looking at here don is this just a case where we have differences of opinions here between the national health authorities in the european medicines agency of mean is it's simple is that. it is of course a bit of bitter irony if you want that the european institutions are fighting with the company astra zeneca to receive the vaccines that they were promised hardly we're just looking at 40 percent of those vaccines while at the same time you have national member states that are substandard ink the use of that particular vaccine but this is how the e.u. works the u.s. not a nation state it is a couple of states and it is the european medicines agency that makes recommendations and it is member states that are in charge of the health of their citizens and they've made clear that they suspended the use of that particular vaccine also to protect citizens but also to bolster public confidence that they will make sure that their citizens are safe now and in the future. you matters on the story boards in brussels during thank you. let's take a look now at some of the other stories that are making headlines around the world an interim government has assumed power in libya replacing 2 warring administrations that had split the country the new prime minister seen here in the middle of doing honeyed. was approved last week by the long divided parliament the new government will oversee national elections scheduled for december the u.s. vice president coming to harris has value to fight to improve democracy and women's rights she delivered her 1st speech to the u.n. today in new york as vice president america's 1st female vice president says democracy can be strengthened by involving more women in decision making hundreds of people in london are demonstrating for the 4th day running after the disappearance and murder of sara ever ard earlier this month a u.k. police officer has appeared in court on kidnapping and murder charges the metropolitan police force has been heavily criticised for breaking up a peaceful vigil in every honor last saturday. in a plan to ensure its national security the united kingdom is planning to lift a cap on its nuclear warhead stockpile prime minister boris johnson unveiled the u.k.'s post breaks it defense and foreign affairs strategy today he also announced in parliament that britain will pivot its foreign policy focus towards asia the prime minister meanwhile reaffirmed britain's loyalty to nato nato the defense alliance says it is committed to nuclear disarmament. unswervingly commitment to nato and preserving peace and security in your own from the secure basis we will seek out friends and partners wherever they could be found building a coalition of openness and innovation and you gauging more deeply in the pacific or even more now i'm joined by all of our meyer from the institute for peace research and security policy here in berlin it's good to have you on the program so what is going on here does the british prime minister does he feel that the u.k. needs to increase its nuclear get your arms. yeah obviously the united states is reassessing its nuclear policy and has decided to change course just 6 years ago the strategic defense you know active decided to cut nuclear warhead numbers the united kingdom wanted to go down to $180.00 nuclear weapons and now it's becoming the 1st west and staked to announce that it's increasingly and wants and wants to catch up to $260.00 a nuclear weapons does this change this increase does it violate any nuclear nonproliferation treaties or regulations. whether united kingdom has committed it under the nuclear nonproliferation treaty to reuse the number and role of nuclear weapons like other nuclear weapons states to and its community at least in a terrifying aging that political commitment to their thoughts there are enough negation to work towards the goal of a nuclear weapons free world and that is hard to reconcile with this decision it's putting it at all it's also with a commitment by nato to work towards. would free off nuclear weapon it's coming at a time when the new u.s. administration under president joe biden is taking new steps to reduce nuclear weapons just extended to new a stock treaty with russia russia wants the united kingdom and france to become of the next treaty the united states wants not to become a party and now comes this announcement to increase reliance on the care of afghans to increase the number of nuclear weapons so acutely sits at odds with international community and how do you think that the nato members the allies of the u.k. how are they going to react to this new. difficult to say it would be a difficult discussion i would imagine and nato. comes at a time when nato is embarking on discussions on a new through 2 g. concept uncontrolled would be part of that discussion and nato has also committed to not mirror russian nuclear policy. and that is difficult to say it always pointed fingers at china and said look china is increasing its nuclear arsenal and similarly no numberous as the ok. but we are not we are moving in a different direction that he's keeping stable and that argument is going to be harder to make so. it's making it more difficult for western states to argue that they are the good ones in this game and it's really not quite clear what the military and strategic rationale is for increasing warheads and i must post because frankly it doesn't make such a big difference whether you have 200 or 260 look at that and that's true when it comes to nuclear weapons is a very good point all of them are from the institute for peace research and security policy is to my we appreciate your time and your insights tonight thank you new york families have been holding funerals for dozens of people killed during recent anti coupe protests and me and mart security forces have killed more than 90 protesters in the last 2 days alone the military has imposed martial law in many areas to crackdown on dissent but many remain defiant. a funeral for 19 year old canton your head one of the dozens of protesters killed in clashes since sunday. am who of god and in send a strict of yangon protesters are digging in residents here are frightened but defiant they want the military to know they are prepared to defend their neighborhood. who i think if they oppress us more we will fight back harder like they have been lying tie our journey i am. just on the other side of the river line tie our district has become a flash point of the protests. dozens of people were killed there on the weekend after police opened fire on demonstrators but residents of lying tyo are now fleeing by the thousands after the army unposed martial law there it's the same neighborhood where multiple chinese own factories burned to the ground in arson attacks many pro-democracy protesters believe china has been propping up the myanmar coup. china has urged its businesses to evacuate non-essential employees from the country and called on me on march to restore order. much of the international concern however has focused on the rising death toll among protesters the u.s. secretary of state issued a stark condemnation of the hunters actions the military is attempting to overturn the result of a democratic election and is brutally repressing peaceful protesters the un has also called on the me on more military aid to end the killing but to the frustration of many here in young gone the international community has had little more to offer than strong words no match for the hunt as deadly force. and here's a reminder the top story that we're following this hour the european medicines agency says there is no indication that astra zeneca is coronavirus vaccine causes blood clots several european countries have suspended vaccinations with this shot the agency says the vaccines benefits outweigh the risks i want you to be a news live from berlin up next you do any business with stephen beers and stick around steve and we'll be right back. what secrets lie behind the swaps. discover new adventures in 360 degree. and explore fascinating world heritage sites. d.w. world heritage 360 getting out now.
Related Keywords
New York , United States , Huta , Hunan , China , United Kingdom , Vermont , Syria , Russia , Brussels , Bruxelles Capitale , Belgium , London , City Of , Amsterdam , Noord Holland , Netherlands , Mexico , Germany , Iceland , Yangon , Myanmar , Israel , Frankfurt , Brandenburg , Sweden , Reykjavik , C10 , Libya , Bard College , France , Spain , Berlin , Britain , America , Canton , Chinese , British , German , Russian , Africa Facebook , Astra Zeneca , Madeline Albright , Mary Cushman , Joe Biden , Randi Gutman , Astra Zeneca Corona , Boris Johnson ,
comparemela.com © 2020. All Rights Reserved.