Oh. It is often said that fruits and vegetables used to taste much better and that they were healthier but with a renewed. The i could immediately cotulla to shauns in paris is a balance of knowledge regarding old plan for. Between the old agronomy publications we find something special. In nutrition all composition table for fruits and vegetables it is 60 years old. It lists the fisherman and mineral content of each and every variety. And indeed over the last 60 years many fruits and vegetables seem to have lost some if they need traditional. So how did this happen. They did this american biochemist donald davis lectures on the subject. Im here to tell you about an important problem that many people are not aware of nutritional declines in foods. Davis works at the university of alston texas and has analyzed the development of 43 vegetable varieties between 950 and 999. I think that most of these declines are caused by increases in yield when you score up those nice nutrients per weight of the food a lot of agricultural scientists may not know about how big these effects are this is kind of embarrassing of their theyre always wanting to increase you if modern breeding was causing increases in flavor and increases in nutrients and i think they would talk about a lot more. To most of it is one of the fruits that has lost a lot of nutrients looking back it is clear that this has to do with the varieties as well as the sea. Foam is all over the world series based seeds from brushes like this. To supply agricultural groups such as syngenta b. S. F. And down. The cells documents up based on size shape color and behind you. The abbreviation h f one or if one is important here it means 1st generation hybrid. The breeding of hybrids works responding. To take the plant of a variety that is for example has large but too pale to. Process with another variety of his fruits of beautifully red but much too small. From this crosspollination a hybrid is creating a plant that contains genes from both the large pale tomato and the small red one. From this early is the 920 s. Scientists around the world have been using this technology. A main goal to produce and indestructible tomatoes. We know that crash test for cars but for to tell is. Empty. Only with the help of genetic engineering was this possible. In 1994 the flavor saver tomato was launched in the usa. One of the problems was that all the time was a variety spoil quickly. Began looking for the eternal tomato. Best lead them to israel. For more than 70 years families here have managed to grow fruit and vegetables in the middle of the desert. You. Do lead. At the Hebrew University of jerusalem we meet one of the creationists of the almost emotional 2 months have. Been of its. The 79 year old Professor Emeritus continues to develop perfect type of plants this is a breeding greenhouse so its plant is different and i say was despondent look stronger than this one for instance and definitely more than this one we look for these differences in order to develop something which is better than the existing material. The research and his team work at the university but on behalf of private companies they work as currently funded by the french seed produces. Its owned by them i cannot i cannot give it to anybody else this is exclusive to the concept of them youre the only one that got into these green up beside you no one can get you. One of the 2 men are creating a tomato for Southern Europe you dont need to be one of the more i know looking to have a winning eye breeds in the back and markets which are the sort size i rounds for young with graham. Its a massive as big as a great frost not and it should grow horizontally gloucester which is the flow organize. Usually is a class that has some dimensions of Fruit Growing every possible direction up people like to go you want to call a fishbone kloster some backing point of view if you have 3 dimensions very difficult to park in a box when you have a 2 dimensional you can put one on top of the other and its much easier. For the design of hybrid to single variety plants across the flower of one is pollinated with the pollen of the other is the way the stuff. You need to come off and. This is worse because of efficiency. Its really you know what it gives. It to. Just move the process put the. Composer. In said the book you can see and all you know dust. Any days that we come we could all end and i would make it all the nation. How many crossing you make for us to have the one i read id be and. To make a commission i believe will be 400. 00. 400. 00 like that for i need every year. Sometimes coming on the phone to 30 or so we can go to a good to not. This is how simon ive been of it and his team up to thousands of crosspollination is created be eternal to me in the night 970 s. Their invention revolutionized the world market. Where you begin to work on the long shelf life because because of this waste to 40 percent of the who the used before this mutation the limit was to 3 days full days at the most when we export the mothers to europe and the export of that looked almost a woman who we used to fly by openings because if it has to go by boat form is rigged to most saves the mother would be motion nobody nobody would touch it. To extend the shelf life the scientist uses a mutation he discovered by 2. The purpose of this tomato is to disseminate his seed for the next generation so the moment the seeds are ripe. It will fall off the bush bump into the ground. Explode and all these juice will will run all over as far away from the mother plant as possible. We dont want to. Trade for human beings and here we have a mutation. The solution. For the new hybrids be israeli researches crossed plants of a classic to mars have a rise in his fruits ross after 3 days with mutated plants his genes prevent the fruit from ripening. The result hybrid that decomposes much more slowly after harvesting. Were going to do a simple experiment on the right a perfect flawlessly hybrid fruit. On the left a traditional farmers tomato. It is anything but perfect with yellow spotted skin and small flora. Now we just have to wait. After 3 days both to mars has a still fun and presentable. After one week the farmers to monitor is unsellable the black spots indicator deterioration. And the hybrid. Even after 2 weeks the stem has come loose but thats not a full. Only after 25. 00 days is the hybrid tomato deemed not fit to be sold as it developed movies fast and loose skin. The normal tomato now looks like this. On the supermarket shelf only the hybrid is able to be displayed for 3 weeks. Eternal youth has its price. You can taste event. Based its the genes for inhibition happening in addition. Curry were very. Negative traits. For instance flavor that based deteriorates and i weigh out less than a trace but i dont know because we never measured it only late in the ninetys and early 2000 we started looking into the quality traits i offered a project like that too many said companies i even gave it a name i called it a story about the why a sweeping and he said. And they said it would be much healthier the model we dont have it in supermarkets is the industrys they dont care. The industry the seat pretty says. The Israeli Company his era is one of the heavyweights in the seat market is there and its millions with the eternal tomorrow. In 200320 was pulled out by the multinational limit congress with an annual turnover of several 1000000000 years. Following the acquisition of his era limo car became one of the largest seed pretty uses in the world. In the middle of the negev desert the company is experimenting with new hybrid growing she says. Your own she rests is the product manager responsible for the worldwide marketing of tomato seeds yellow rose and felt is the press office and this is for you and then you go to. Our protocol for some information. All 120 has 0 varieties are grown in this greenhouse. Were going to show you for example the tomatoes if we call it lamb your face is very famous say tomato in 2 key today its a green part of the tomatoes its like a mustache you notice there is a special sheen forest misstates yes yes so you see very very nice color very from tomato its coming from the long shelf life family also and you mean that it has a long genes inside the base of percentage of all your verity but. I didnt calculate what i assume today around 5050. Long shelf life has a problem for the long shelf life in the in the for for a long time we saw that it was influence to reduce the taste of the tomato and now we are going back and try to increase the test again of the tomato youre unsure russ wants to prove to us that durable tomatoes can also be delicious. Taste. Ok. Like. We said it was said not all the time i dont need to have with this because if you had only one and salt you dont need these. 4. I think i dont know what is the method to make this is ok yeah ok yeah. There is a worse. But the mountain for what they want this is ok what were looking more and more is it to have a good color and a good firmness and a good taste and the nutrients in tomato are still its a small player in the market for cooking anything is hybrid breeding the main reason for the loss of nutrients in tomorrow is the need. Then front leg of. One of the last traditional seems pretty says in france lives that. John luke does not produce hybrid tomatoes. He creates what he calls old pariahs here. This is how we have tamed the seeds. That are going to seed stay on the bottom and the skin floats to the tongue was to look to you to. Everyone used to know this technique of producing seeds for themselves. Through to the farmers knew that the next harvest depended on the seeds and they were very careful when producing them weeks for something you ate the tomatoes yourself but the seeds were always the most important thing a small today no farmer produces them anymore but. The Big Companies do that. At dying tradition yes almost an orthodox i teach. Face. In this greenhouse theres only cultivates only the old farm growing teeth. 100 percent innate. Effective also it seems a bit wild and chaotic because i only have a small area of land to work with. Its a make the most of the space and i squeeze the tomatoes in close together only working with soil and without chemicals from code you dont go. I dont use any Party Products at all in this greenhouse so i called about 20 different varieties of tomatoes from earth what do they all have in common no hybrids no crosspollination. But do these old for contain more nutrients than modern hybrids we decided to analyze. The tomato base. And here is a similar looking hybrid from the supermarket. We sent both off on the same day to a stately poetry to evaluate the ingredients. 3 weeks later said the results are available. In the case of the hybrid tomato all 5 values they can peddle much lower. The hybrid contains 63 percent less calcium 29 percent less magnesium and 72 percent less specimens. The hybrid contains less than half of the antioxidant. And less than half of the Health Promoting secondary plant compounds of poly females then the farm is tomorrow. Is consistent with the idea there is a relationship between taste and nutrient content and this was from wish. Cleary at the university of florida and he made the observation in this paper that many of the forever components of tomatoes are derived from human nutrients when you eat or tomato that has good flavor that means that it probably also had a good amount of the nutrients that were used to make that flavor its a consequence of bridges. Breeders so worked for you. For other economic troops in the process of making. Cars or changing the chemistry. The Parent Company of his era is a Global Player in the street business. The pharaoh man in paris the journalist believes leasing the Vice President for International Affairs whos if you are part of the management of a globally operating seed producer have you ever analyzed the nutrient content of your tomatoes. So it depends on the growing conditions not on the variety. And so theres a problem is not a concern of yours so i didnt say that the nutritional quality of our products is a very important issue for us the value of. The ice. Is where we met professor rabinovich you know do you know him of course. You know he invented the term made though that last 2 or 3 weeks. Yes you know as a speaker he explained to us that the longevity gene blocks the ripening process of the fruit and affects the development of the nutrients. I stand by what ive told you i think the tomato growers have the greatest influence on the anatomy of the tomatoes and the responsibility of dealing with this is there is as they have the most significant impact. If one hybrids have another huge advantage will see the supply as they see its can only be used. If you plant seeds from the freezer of a hybrid tomato the mixture of genes becomes a game of chance the next jenner. Ration may produce tiny small rapidly bracketing fruit and this is why i promise have to buy new tomato seeds every year. A profitable market for produces like his era in israel. And a small seats are incredibly expensive how much is one kilo of seats so this kind of filmmaking this kind of tomato today can reach 400000 euro what 4 kilograms of seeds what 400000 euros. Or more yes you can buy a house was this ive heard that the need to see more capital gain of the sea yes the margin of our margin in size and we can get into my full life because its expensive expensive seats as a result of demands so yeah its a Good Business for us if its not were not here volt 100000 heras for one kilo of these here larry cherry tomatoes i see normal tomatoes cost around 60000. 00 euros peculiar more even than gold while you purchased this its likely georgia today in 22. 00 Different Countries something all over the world and like which kind of country like like israel in thailand like in chile with in spain in india in many places. d seeds that are moved there you will then go produced in low wage countries where labor costs little. Next course of call is in. This parish is the reason for the long journey. Seen an investigation by the dutch Human Rights Organization a research. d they claim that 16 percent of the work is in the seed business our children under 14 years of age. For example in the indian state of karnataka the remote villages are among the poorest in the country. The climate in self india is perfect for growing vegetables every year 160000 kilos of tomato seeds are exposed from here. All global play is in the seed markets have a presence in india. B. S. F. Do pull a buyer Monsanto Syngenta and limit. Rafi ron she works on behalf of reason in this region and fights against the exploitation of child labor. I took these the day before yesterday. Around 12000000 children in india work under the worst conditions since 2016 it has been forbidden for children under 14 to work. Out of order. We observe from a distance and count the workers see how big or small they are to that. Ravi says that the seeds of hybrid tomatoes are mostly collected by children. And many children were working capital but now the harvest is over. The fields are almost empty. But in a green house we can see human silhouettes. This Company Works for the Multinational Corporation syngenta based in switzerland. About 10 women and girls of pruning tomato plants. When the smallest of the girls sees us another worker signals that she should squat down. How much you were. Up to the 5th grade now you dont go to school anymore now how old are you. Shes 17 and you find matey why dont you go to school. There are not here. Only the Primary School how long have you been working. For 3 years. But she started before me. Is 1st in the market and since when do you work since she left school at 11. This girl is supposed to be 17 we all find it hard to believe. In gentle purchases that seeds from around 25000. 00 mostly small hold farm is throughout india. We asked the swiss multinational how it feels about child labor. And the answer sounds good but its nonspecific. Syngenta complies with all labor laws this in gentle Fair Labor Program promotes decent working conditions and opposes child labor. Children not cheap labor but there is another reason why they are so often used in c. Production as the author of the report soiled seen knows too well. Louis ben curtis well lou is an independent researcher and has been researching child labor in hybrid Seed Production for 15 years. British an activity is very very delicate it equates to a lot of. Skills the children are preferred because they can do this is a party to activities really foster dogs. And also. We can see. Who children can do the work of. That is the kind of calculation farmers have bt and and found the families depend on child labor because they are poorly paid by the corporations. The farmer starts struggling actually to have a. Good profit margin or if the how to. Good into the bucket the margin will be. Something that would be a new margin for department. But not any children are exploited. What is evident in can attack only women but in the seed producing tomorrow if you. The family man explains this to us on his. Face off over him clothes we have 22 ryans hes. Close is a subsidiary of the mark on the french seed producer has hundreds of fans under contract in the region. Shes cross pollinating the plants right now. Bent 8 hours a day the women pluck pollen from the flowers with tweezers beneath the scorching sun. But why are there no men working under the model. Of their motherland of. Men are more expensive we only hire them for cutting and to carry loads they cost 300. 00 rupees per day women work for 200. 00. The daily wage of less than 2 euros 50 is illegal even in india. In karnataka the minimum wage in agriculture is 330. 00 rupees around 4 us a day. These women only received 60 percent of the legal minimum wage. Why do you work here. Because there is no other work right now normally we work in the rice fields and harvest rice but at the moment there is nothing except pollination. Is this work difficult. Yes my eyes are so far because we are so concentrated and i have a bad back. Its hard work but we also have to earn a living. We give 102. 00 euros here a kilo of tomato seeds if we want 26 year as more so we could pay the women what theyre asking for and still have a profit because. The family is breaking the law because they dont get an additional 26. 00 heroes per kilo. Sell the seed in europe for an average of 60000. 00 euros per kilo. All the companies aware of this illegal practice. With vizard an indian location belonging to him close with a hidden camera. At 1st it doesnt look good to god stuff. You are looking for says. Lots of us but but but we make a documentary about the seeds in the. Studio things which country. Particularly offense all one. As we come from fronts like the Parent Company and among clones it seems to open dinners we learn to talk to manage it. Ok like the man phone says head office. Ok. Thank you very much because. The team is surprised with the sudden off a famous indian hospitality that our. Let us know that if you want to learn from question 1st ok. Were in this is where the seas are drawing to before they are exposed. Fish. During the interview the manager at mit he knows that his contract farmers are paying their workers below the legal minimum wage. Like the salary for one of the workers who are living. What. It was some farmers have no less than 2 years 50 a manager goes on to reveal that the company doesnt even pay its own people the minimum wage. How much are they. Because. Just over 3 years no one here is allowed to know how much the seeds are worth in europe but only when to my top it is very. I was going to be. Back in paris does limit though know about these practices and i school good has said are you familiar with this report soil seeds i have it here yes. It was written and 2015 and examine the problems of child labor and the exploitation of women and here on page 6 it says the proportion of children under 14 years of age is between 10. 5 and 16. 3 percent of all field workers are working for. Christmas 1st of all i can assure you clearly and unequivocally there is no child labor at the lima ground sites so they sit during my god what about the subcontracted farmers who work for you in india can you assure us that there is no child labor there any that i dont know some passages suggest that we have reduced these from 10 or 15 percent to less than one percent all measures are being taken to achieve this which measures. Contractual measures to ban child labor and hard before we continue to educate inform raise awareness and if necessary impose sanctions on us to prevent child labor in lima grant as much as possible to prove. High desire for exists to as much as possible. Tigers child labor is a very serious issue values we have a 0 tolerance level. 0 but the music is canadian we ever be 100 percent certain in a country like india probably not but our determination is unwavering model you see none of them in companies that work for you we have met women who are paid below the minimum wage to get 200. 00 rupees per day instead of 330. 00 what do you say to that. So i dont agree with this assertion or that corey circle of there is going to win there is Something Else that you claim that the indian guy employees receive the legal minimum wage of 330. 00 groupies pretty in reality pays its workers 300. 00 the amount of a manager has actually confirmed this list wherever we operate employees are paid according to the legal minimum wage or higham are legal. I take issue with your allegation that the film must feel. It is almost impossible to avoid hybrid plants. In 202060 percent of the worlds commercial seeds were owned by a chemical giant. Liar monsanto down to paul syngenta. Biodiversity is not an issue for these corporations. In 2009 an expert warns the world about this development believing a dishy 10 until 2014 was the un special rapporteur on the right to. 75 percent of diversity as being not. As a result of the pressure. Of improved rights. We visit in brussels to live in you. This your job works in an International Team of experts who Sustainable Food systems. His message there wolf surface less from hunger then from the nutrition. The figure is alarming we have already lost 75 percent and plan for right. Biodiversity is not just on luxury for botanists yet it also helps to secure global Food Supplies we dont know what the future and Climate Change will bring which harmful insects and diseases will invest our plants when it was when we need the natural reserves of a diverse plant world if were to cope with unforeseeable threats or. The plant business goes hand in hand with a pesticide business 3 of the full World Leaders producing seeds also produce pesticides bio monsanto. And syngenta. The farmers are always offered a complete package deal theyre told that they will only get a good harvest with this past aside from that fertilizer for example some seeds are developed that are resistant to certain active substances he was at. Some seeds like the trojan horse will Agro Chemicals more than 4000000. 00 tons of pesticides are sprayed on the earth every year. At some point we wont eat the same thing from dakar to miami from paris to bangkok is that tomorrows world. Or thousands of years we had a large quantity and full riot he have seen whats the value and the seeds. Year after year with the harvests by farmers that were using methods. That would now be considered today as being traditional. Rationally Specialist Companies have begun to perform this process of selection and lead production which in turn has put seeds on the market that can produce large quantities of genetically modified agricultural produce. The distribution of commercial seeds and which rights are owned by a handful of Major Transnational Companies means that agriculture will no longer be sustainable for many Small Farmers in developing countries and therefore were going to see a gradual worldwide destruction of small scale. Increasingly consumers and film is protesting a demand for. Natural seats that are not. Pinnacle corporation. In the south of france a Resistance Movement is gaining popularity. You. Believe is situated in a remote. Hits the Nonprofit Organization the aim is to protect traditional clones and forgotten vegetable varieties their seed collection includes over 2400. 00 vegetable varieties from beige cucumber to orange swiss chard. The range of colors is amazing. To the standardize ation of agriculture species of pulling down a genetic finals most people for example thinks with chance of green and white. But theres an incredible diversity of swiss chard some of the colors of the rainbow that we dont. Seen willing to do. Believe has also started to see this without frontiers initiative. So that this is where we ship the passengers for the Solidarity Campaign sees without front is every year we send hundreds of packages worldwide he says feedback from some of the projects weve supported from where virtually everywhere. India central and south america asia. And countries where the population is dominated by the Agro Chemical and Food Industry multinationals as a result they sometimes quickly lose all their natural varieties sometimes in just one or 2 growing seasons. By saving the old horizon and by growing traditional plants that farmers and consumers have the chance to choose an alternative to standardized doubles and can choose to do that is good for us as well as alcan. To the point of strong opinions clear positions international perspectives. A real threat of law to make could sit down some commentary to see the kremlin feels his critique alexander found so who is here courageous and charismatic Opposition Leader or an opportunist fighting a personal vendetta find out on to the point. To this point. Which is not on t. W. To come to. One giant problem and make a move to see a picture you. Denied. The chance to live a few times. How will Climate Change affect us and our children. And e. W. Dot com slash water. The fight against the corona virus pandemic. How has the rate of infection been developing. Measures are being taken. What does the latest research say. Information and context. The coronavirus of the code special monday to friday john w. This is the w. News live from berlin badly needed a shot in the European Unions vaccination drive is failing across the block with more and more companies warning jobs will be delayed for weeks or even months look at the challenges including the dispute between the e. U. When Pharma Companies i stress that. China lashed out at britain after