Welcome to d. W. News asia. Glad you could join us. Leaving hong kong, prodemocracy campaigner joshua wong and 2 others could be facing long jail terms after pleading guilty to protest charges. The 3 were taken into custody in hong kong earlier today. Wong and fellow activists, ivan lamb, and agnes had been charged with organizing, participating in and inciting demonstrators during a protest outside Police Headquarters last june. They could be facing up to 5 years in prison. This is what was said, as he appeared in court. What we are doing now is to explain the well freedom to the world through our compassion, the home we love so much that we are willing to sacrifice the freedom of our own time point for a prayer, for the finish of walking free this case would draw the world and passion to the operative power of the criminal Justice System impartially is not a ploy by beijing crackdown and the systematic violence. Incredible. For more, im joined by former hong kong no maker and prodemocracy activist. This unwelcome does the rest of joshua walling you think symbolize the end of hong kongs proDemocracy Movement . Well, i dont think youre symbolized the end of the pull to receive it. But it reinforce the end of one country 2 systems into a pretty much see movement. Because and this and i 1st arrests, these political persecution from the government under and, and just legal system that inclines to prosecute and suppress prodemocracy activists. So its basically punching people because they speak the truth and to sit to freedom and democracy. But the same things were said about hong kongs or said going to, nor was introduced were back in june that its the end of the one country 2 systems principle. And this is being said over the last year as well. Why is it special now . And what is the way forward . No, for the, for Democracy Movement in hong kong. Yeah, i think we all agree that the sweet paying powell, the National Security law makes hong kongs freedom just a lucian for now. So i guess thats the reason why i said reinforcement of the notion of the end of one time tree to system. Because it really shows that the government has set of legal weapons that can be used to practice it, prosecute people, and we have lost our freedom of speech and assembly. So on the role moving forward. I think its important that we try our best to say got the freedoms that we have left and we have to defend the professional values in journalism, in the me, i know education in order to receive these grave threats from chinese authorities say. But how do you do that . Ive made some law, there appears to be virtually no need to provision left in hong kong for these it seems to be pursued. How do you differ in freedom of all of this . I mean, how do you defend for the right to protest . How do you defend the freedom of the press . I think only on the one hand, the International Effort is what we become a very important notion for us to really strive for larger pressure in internationally on chinese human rights alesha. And in order for them to retract that have fanned approaches in fuchsia. And on the other hand in hong kong, a recent resistance in the battle of use of these professional be used. For example, of a cation journalism journalist trying to report the truth and test the red line, bottom line, multi governments, and they have legal proceeding in that. And every goss and putting pressure on the agencies, i think much more subtle, but also very important, a notion and battlefield to fight for in the future. You have spoken about International Efforts against the Chinese Government in support of the people of hong kong. In fact, you spoke about theres the last time you were in berlin, you were in the stored studio and you said the woman needs to bring to a Court Coalition of defending Democratic Values to tackle chinese actions in hong kong and other regions such injuring. Do you see that Coalition Building we could see the trend over the Counter Measures from a specially u. P. A. Country saw for the implementation of the National Security law. For all, all european countries, uplifting they should or should treaty a wish for hong kong, extending the arms embargo and also european sanctioning mckennas amaze, coming out from the European Union. They could be applied to Chinese Office shows at home, coffee shows who are responsible for the humorous alesha. So i guess the trend is quite, all of us in the European Union is not going back to a very benign relationship. Whats china . And i think we just need to see consensus building process and make sure that democracies see china as the threat and stop them from infiltrating and expanding authoritarian expansion nature. There are no real even there for the time being. But thank you so much for joining us. Thank you so much. Traditional inkster, im so used to sign everything from delivery receipts, to mounted certificates, and thats led to an Office Culture that remains heavily dependent on paper documents difficult to transition to in home office. During the pandemic, a push to digitize the mission and phase out the stamp faces an uphill struggle in a country frame for its technology. Demand that the bullet train. There are still some things that move britain slower pace than japan. To get digitize ation, the printer and piles and piles of paper remain staples that the japanese office. , and so just this, the hanko, a c. E. O. , used to sign off on official documents. Some documents require multiple stamps, going up the chain of command, who will also leave those heritable. We have 5000. 00 names and seals on file. We have to find the hanko and then stand. And if something is stamped incorrectly, then its a huge problem. And then we have to file them all back again. Gosh, they want to tell us that the practice is even the part of jokes on japanese television, repetitive strain injury. Anyone has come under scrutiny. Juror in the coronavirus pandemic with reports of employees being unable to work from home because of having to stamp documents in the office. Of course, some in japan are also proud of the tradition which came from china more than a 1000 years ago. Each handmade stamp is unique. Parents often give them to their children as a coming of age gift. Or a bonus is the even if the sales are made in the same forms, they carry the personality of each craftsman who spends a long time creating them. While consulting with clients, that means that each hanko stop naturally is unique in the world. But even hanko support is recognize the need to modernize i dont think we need to adjust ourselves to new styles. New areas, though, its a challenge because lots of industries have disappeared because they can keep up with the speed of change. We need to take on the challenge and continue our business so our industry wont disappear. One of them the government wants to limit the use of seals to select instances. Digital signatures will also be an option, but itll probably be a while yet before the hanko is stamped out. And joining us for more, this is called shes a Management Consultant and educator focused on Cross Cultural communications in japan. Why is the hunk or stan so hot to go off in japan . Oh, its a tradition. And in so many were processed that in the words eliminate hunger use, youd have to change the entire workflow. Speaking of these things being eliminated in book process is that you break it down for us. Does it actually slow down Decision Making and business processes . Well, it does require, so let me physically in a location. So a lot of decisions do you get. Im delayed when someone is traveling or not in the office because theyre not there to put their stamp on an important decision document. But how will that be different to actually physically being present to sign off on documents . Its similar is if youre waiting for someone to have a physical same picture as well and be the same in some paper based process. And i think that theres 2 types of things that tend to require hunk oh, what is internal Decision Making process . And the other is external in matters such as contracts and filing of government forms. Do people think that its perhaps time to change . I think definitely people think its time to change. Well interestingly, the 1st electronic signature law in japan came about in the year 2001. So it stands nearly 20 years that japan has been trying to make this shift. But i think the coronaviruses really accelerated it, because so many people were working at home trying to stay safe. But finding that they had to go into the office in order to stamp papers. And so that made people realize this just doesnt make sense anymore. And speaking of the coronavirus christ, as opposed to running this time, wasnt it . The last Prime Minister shinzo promised a review of the use of congo stamps for bureaucracy. How far has the few come . Oh, actually its, it has made some progress because the new Prime Minister mr. Sudan, recently stepped into that role has made it a priority to be reforming administrative matters. And so there is now a minister in charge of that. And theres also someone in charge of digitisation specifically, and the new minister for foreign minister and mediately said his sights on a hunk 0 and is in the process of reviewing government process is that required rather than the, eliminating the hard coat wired, interesting stuff returns called thank you so much for joining us. Thank you. And thats it for today. Theres no more, no website did of a dot com forward slash believe, you know, with pictures from the moken people also called sea gypsies in thailand. The corona virus has caused havoc across the world, but for thailands sea gypsies, it has brought welcome respite from the threat of moss tourism back tomorrow. Against the corona, virus pandemic, as the rate of infection been developing. What does the latest research say . Information and contacts the coronavirus update. 19 specials on t. W. Personal drama, competition driver marketing numbers here at sap into this love, hate money. Millionaire fans problems last and in fact only because when the going to go off on you tube. Joining us many leaders see testing as the way out of this dark and sporadic tunnel of coronavirus lockdown. The thinking being that if you can catch someone before they spread the virus, then you can slow and even stop the pandemic. In austria, the government is planning a mass testing campaign. Here a bike courier drops off, tests at apartments in vienna. Back in the evening to collect the samples to be tested. But not every test is created equal. And the timing of tests is also crucial to getting to someone before their infectious can make or break the Contact Tracing campaign. A Mass Testing Program in northern italy has identified over 3000 coronavirus cases. How many of those people had no idea that they had covered 19 testing can clearly be a powerful tool for combat in the spread of the virus. But what tests you do and where is key . We report from a hospital in a corona virus test to make sure this patients not infected ahead of her operation in a few days. Time doesnt hurt exactly, but its very unpleasant. It feels like the swab is poking around in your brain, but the test is obligatory to protect other patients and staff at hospitals like this one in berlin. But many people in germany would like the chance to be tested more regularly and it would be good if we could use the tests to make things like travelling easier to be a bit safer. That doesnt look likely any time soon with Testing Capacity at its limits. The government is trying to ease the pressure on overworked labs, even some hospitals are shifting away from the more reliable p. C. R. Tests. Instead using the faster cheaper antigen test to check best stuff for the virus. Has the advantage of rapid tests is that we get a result within 30 minutes. Its relatively reliable and a relatively easy testing system. But on the other hand, the disadvantage is that we know the rapid tests are slightly less sensitive to the virus. The p. C. R. Test is the gold standard. Its more precise than a rapid test because its a fine balance between whats reliable and whats practical. But the rapid test come with that challenges too. In germany, they can only be administered by a Trained Health worker that costs time and money and means people cant test themselves at home. No man understands the dire lemma. As hospital staff, of course we would have liked to keep using the p. C. R. Tests because theyre more sensitive. But i understand the locks are at their limit and we need the p. C. As more urgently for the patients. When they arrive with symptoms, then we have to know fast, but for sure whether they really have coronavirus or not. Bahman gets tested once every 2 weeks enough to feel safe, he says, but its clear any hopes testing could be rolled out on a broader scale. Well have to wait for many, that means a test of patience instead. Now there are 3 key types of tests being carried out on citizens around the world at the moment. The 1st tests for a past infection is called an Antibody Test or a serological test. A blood sample is needed for this test. Its then analyzed on the existence of antibodies. These are produced by our bodies when they face an infection and can be detected once its over. The other 2 tests look out for an ongoing infection with sars cover to the 1st of these is the antigen test. It needs a sample of saliva or throat tissue which can then be analyzed for the proteins that sit on the outside of the corona virus. These tests can give results quickly, but theyre not as precise as the p. C. R. Test. For the p. C. R. Test, you also need saliva or throat tissue. But this time its tested for the viruses genome, which is known as r. N. A. The p. C. R. Test is the most reliable one, but in many cases it needs more time to be analyzed. Now ive been speaking to evangelise cuts off of us from the association, the represent over 200 accredited laboratories. Here in germany. I asked him why, when we have these more accurate p. C. R. Tests, we still need another type of test for covered 19 the less accurate one, you mean the entity just well its a, its a tradeoff, i guess, between speed and accuracy. We have multiple settings in patient care where we cannot wait 567 or even 24 hours for a test result. So take someone who is going to get needed to hospital over in an emergency setting, for example, of all in aged care. In an old peoples home, someone is slow because a diverse, a high fever or not. You need to be responsible, very, very fast. And in such settings, it may be acceptable to work with limited with less curiosity and less sensitive teeth. And thats how these tests have been designed as well. So tests also have a package insert like a drug, like a prescription drug. And its very clear that these tests have been designed to detect virus in people who are symptomatic. And within a certain time window. And those organs you didnt answer where these tests are not extremely good at the moment. In broad based screening, where people are generally asymptomatic, they look and feel healthy about where they could still be infected. And with these people in detroit, and especially the road test, do not have a very hard sensitivity and we recommend p. C. R. Testing should be done instead. But increasingly seeing Mass Testing Programs being carried out in various parts of the world, is that an effective way of actually defeating coronavirus . Is it just telling you where states well, its a different quality of the program, but its not the continuous, permanent screening and track and trace program. We currently do robotics brother on the country. However, it has its purpose tool. It basically shines a spotlight into a part of the population at a certain point in time, and tells us how many infected people might be. The trouble with that is a little bit and engine tests again used, and if the prevalence in the population of the disease is very low, like we have now seen in old and italy over this past week, and the positive rate there was below one percent. The risk of positive and false negative results is very, very high. And we also see the problem is negative and the result could give some for certainty because people can inflict it or get infected pretty quickly after the head test taken. But with a negative result, they might feel safe and everythings fine and take over doing whats that are doing, which is not quite the case. So we have to be careful with these results, but it gives us interesting statistics to see how many people might be infected within a certain population group. If you want to do what about the virus, because you would have to repeat it every day. And i would have to repeat the entire calculation. And of course, its a big enough feat getting those people tested once, isnt it . Antibody tests. So testing as i want to had coronavirus in the past. Why is that useful . Particularly when we dont know how long or even if that does make you immune well, thats precisely the point, the slope and also why its not being applied very much in the moment. So if you know someone has had the infection, the person has tested positive through the p. C. R. Test has perhaps even been admitted to hospital. It is interesting to attract the antibody developments. There are different types of antibodies which build over time, some very quickly within hours where the immune system runs off to fight in a drug thats a sudden on to develop over time and then stay. And so its very interesting to measure in concern positive cases. How old the antibodies stay which type of antibody is below the period of time. But for the current fighting of the pandemic, this is not heard for mission. We need to know who is infected right now and who has to be isolated and put into the core of the anybody to start with vangelis cuts off a loss from 11. Thank you so much for joining us on the call in 1000 special words. If you and now is the part of the road on where you get to ask the questions to ask science correspondent, that aquariums if youre diagnosed with covered 19 and recovering at tire. What measures should you take to prevent your family from catching it as well . The last thing you want to do if you catch cove at 19 is give it to your friends or your family. Unfortunately, that can prove challenging if you live in the same house hold. On the positive side, the evidence we have so far indicates that after your symptoms appear with every day that passes, youll likely grow less infectious though its still grinding its way through studies at least. Currently, we think that maximum infectiousness hits around the 1st day that you show symptoms if not before. So if you tested positive after you developed symptoms and are now convalescing at home and the people around you have tested negative, then the likelihood youll infect them should as a rule drop by the day. Heres what authorities recommend you do 1st, no visitors of course, and both you and caregivers should wear masks and any interactions, even if its hard. Stay as isolated as you possibly can, preferably in your own room with a window that can remain open. If temperatures permitted, door closed, try to only eat there as well. A dedicated set of silverware and plates is a good idea. If you have the option in your home of multiple bathrooms and toilets, then dedicate one to your use limit contact with caregivers, if at all possible, they really should belong to a high risk group. They will need to disinfect regularly. Leave any dirty laundry or bed linens, unwashed for as long as possible. And finally, dont forget that caregivers will also need to quarantine for as long as Health Authorities require. Even if that means long after your own. Proved. And you can submit a question for derek through you tube channel. We have just enough time to bring you the latest developments in the race to get a corona virus vaccine ready for distribution. Scientists at Oxford University working alongside pharmaceuticals. Astra zeneca say trollers their vaccine candidate is 70 percent effective, but that is thought to rise as high as 90 percent one and a half doses a given that is lower than the percentage is given by pfizer by on tech. And however, the oxford vaccine is cheaper to produce and its easier to store on robots for any other developments on the virus to go to our website. Steve, to me dot com slash covers 19 thanks for joining us on the college. 19 special. Take out smartphones in the dark. Dark mode is meant to protect our eyes, preserve our batteries, and help us sleep better. But researchers arent convinced the book in the dark mood really do to morrow today is going to minutes on w. Every day counts for us and for our planet as it is on its way to bring you more conservation playground to make signals green. How can we protect habitats . We cant make a difference in the line has an environmental series in global 3000 on t. W. And online to use crime fighters are back to africas most successful radio drama series. Continues this season. The stories focus on hate speech, cholera, prevention and sustainable charcoal production. All of a sos are available online. And of course you can share and discuss on africas Facebook Page and other social media platforms. Crime fighters to mindanao give us your country in the world will make you rich. The oil will provide you with jobs played on it will take good care of you less intelligent and they claim you will see virtue cold on the west coast of come out in 2007, the stores make promises, but heres later, reality looks very different. Splenda littered beaches, playing Drinking Water shortage. Cut players who feel like this . Is it before we begin to Climate Change . What happened to guyana string of black gold . Oil promises starts december 4th. W. Led play such places. This is it reduces life for a girl and more potentially good news in the fight against cold at 90 drugmaker astra. Zeneca says the vaccine it has developed with Oxford University is up to 90 percent effective. And unlike other vaccines, it doesnt need to be stored at ultra cold temperatures. Also coming up facing prison for protests 3 prominent