A tighter lock down and no end in sight to that used deadlock over its long term budget and cope with recovery, package hungry in poland. Again refused to fudge over plans to make money conditional on respect for the rule of law. Plus 75 years ago, the nazi war crime trials began in the norm back. They set a legal precedent on Holding International leaders to account for their actions and laid the foundations for today. Probable torts in the hello. Im terry martin. Good to have you with us. Azerbaijans army says it has entered the 1st of 3 districts to be handed back by armenia as part of a contentious peace accord. The russian brokered agreement ended weeks of fighting over the disputed region in the around nagornokarabakh. Lets take a look at that. The 6 week war killed thousands of people in the go in a car bucket thats nor many unpopulated region inside armenian backed forces later expanded their control over surrounding regions. But under the recent peace deal us about john has recaptured its lost territory and gained control of new regions shrinking the borders of nagorno. Karabakh armenian troops must leave the regions theyve lost control of by december. 1st, russian peacekeepers are being deployed to oversee the peace deal. Earlier i spoke to d. W. Correspondent, emily, sure, one in the armenian capital yerevan. I asked her what the consequences will be for armenians. Now that the territory is being handed over. Well, this handover is part of a road map. As you said, 3 districts are being handed over in the next few days, one today, and another 2 in the coming days and weeks for people here in armenia in yerevan and also for people in the region in nagornokarabakh. This is hugely emotional. After all, here in armenia, nagornokarabakh has seen as a much wider region. It includes districts around what we see as nagornokarabakh that have been under armenian control for decades, but are very under International Law. People even have a special name for that region. People call it out of stock and the people that i spoke to on the ground said that they really feel like they are losing a huge chunk of their homeland. So a hugely emotional time for everyone here. Some of the armenians who are trying to rebuild their lives after the recent fighting a 2nd. Look, its a choice for moment for some in the united after weeks of fear. Now that the fighting in nagornokarabakh has ended, hundreds of refugees are returning to their homes in step on a can of every day. Russian peacekeepers watch over the process. But not everyone has a home to come back to you to get in quickly and her mother are from the nearby city of shushi, which is now under a very controlled just like for many here to them. The recent peace deal is a betrayal. We dont know what we will do and when we will land, we just came here because we have no other option. We dont have a home. I left everything behind in shoes. She a 2 bedroom apartment with everything in us, old enough and renovated. I didnt even manage to take any clothing with me. My neighbors dog, some of my clothes, one of everything, and this is wash. I came here and with a population of just over 50000 people is the biggest city in here. Think they could soon be dealing with up to 25000 refugees from nearby regions which are no longer under armenian control. Had several hotels, so that people can live there for now. While we Start Building more houses for people who have come from the regions all want to live in stock on the kurds, and we have to explain to them this isnt big enough to provide for everyone. We have to send them to live in villages in other areas. Even for those who didnt leave. Traces of the recent war around every corner. People have gotten used to living in the middle of a frozen conflict. But after the most recent fighting, even that normality seems far away. But preparing for the return of his children and grandchildren who left during the fighting, the windows of his building got blown out in a bomb blast for now, plastic sheets will have to do instead. The 65 year old says he and his neighbors lived in the basement for around 3 weeks. You can still remember the fierce fighting of the 1990 s. I was machine gunfire back and forth. This time it was really scary weapons. We have to start over now. We dont have anything, we dont have work either but were going to do our best to live and well, even with destruction everywhere, most people say leaving is not an option. Even if it has just gotten smaller, it will always be their homeland. Armenians picking up the pieces that are well, russian peacekeepers have been deployed to the region to oversee the peace for the ceasefire. The peace deal. What do people the reason make of that family . Well, initially here, there was a kind of sense that russia had sort of betrayed armenia. They didnt intervene on arm on the part of armenia during the fighting of the past few weeks. Russia has a defense treaty with armenia and russian president Vladimir Putin said that he would intervene if armenia proper and not just was attacked. But now there has been a shift of emotions. When we saw peacekeepers on the ground in the region, we saw them in character as you just saw in the report, and also at a, an old very medieval monastery in mccall, but char region, one of the regions thats being handed over to azerbaijan. Theyre stationed there as well. People are extremely grateful for the presence of the russians there. I saw people kind of coming up to them, thanking them, handing them chocolate, handing them pies, calling them our brothers taking photos with them. They said, thank you for protecting our church. So that sense of betrayal that people may have initially felt has very much shifted to the Prime Minister here in armenia now. And what about the Prime Minister . The armenian Prime Minister, hes been under tremendous pressure since the peace deal was signed his name. Absolutely. Theres been ongoing protests here in yerevan almost every day, calling for a new call pushing on to resign. People have been chanting, calling him a traitor. And even recently, in the last few days, the armenian president has called for and his cabinet to resign and for new elections to take place. So far on himself seems to want to weather the storm. He has said that hill reshuffle his cabinet around 80 percent of the cabinet will have to go, but he does seem to be standing his ground so far. Hes trying to explain why he had to sign this peace deal that many here see as a betrayal. Thank you very much. That was the only sure one in their meaning. Now lets catch up on some other stories making headlines around the world today. Officials say dozens of people are dead in central and south america. After hurricane iotas swept through the region, iotas struck nicaraguas caribbean coast on monday as a category 4 hurricane causing heavy rain and massive mudslides. Rescue workers continue to search for survivors. Officials in the u. S. State of georgia say a hand tally of votes. Cast in the president ial election confirms democrat, joe biden won the state. The recount of about 5000000 votes came from an audit required by a new state law and was not to do any problems with the original celt americas Top Public Health agency. The c. D. C. Has urged americans not to travel for thanksgiving, or to spend it with people outside of their own household. 900 cases are skyrocketing in the u. S. And officials are concerned. The corona virus could spread even more rapidly between states over the holiday period. Lets take a quick look at some of the other developments in the coronavirus pandemic. Reuters news agency is reporting that the European Union has agreed to pay 15. 00 euros 0. 50 per dose for the coated vaccine from the pharma companies, pfizer, and by on tech. In india, the total number of people infected with kobe, it has passed the 9000000 mark, and the u. S. States of california and ohio have ordered residents to stay at home and avoid nonessential. Social gatherings between 10 pm and 5 am. The number of new infections is surging. Across the u. S. Well, germany has recorded its highest number of daily corona virus cases. More than 23 and a half 1000 new infections have been confirmed in the last 24 hour period. Robert Call Institute for Infectious Diseases, reports that 880000 people from across the country have no contract. It coated 19 a rise comes as germany continues to battle. The virus with partial loss. Tougher restrictions could be put in place when chancellor merkel meets with the heads of the federal states next week or more on the lets talk to a chief Political Editor mckay to kill. But despite a partial law thats in place right now. Germany keeps hitting record highs in daily corona, virus infections. Is there a political consensus now that tougher measures are needed . There isnt yet. Going to machall will need to state premiers once again next wednesday. And the big question then is, will they simply extend the regulations that are there or will they slap move regulations on top of that . We heard from the hobart called institute for Infectious Diseases here yesterday that they were hopeful that these infection rates would at least stabilize just 24 hours later. We see yes another rise, but its a moderate one. And that gives hope that at least were nearing the plateau of this 2nd wave. Public backing remains high for the measures that are in place. Some 3 quarters of still in favor still support this despite the loud minority taking to the streets against these measures. Speaking of hope, how is germany position when it comes to approving and rolling out vaccines . Well, we heard from some machall in her function as leading the e. U. Presidency. That she hopes that a vaccine will be in place by the end of this year at the latest, at the beginning of next year, here in germany or thirtys, have been told to be ready for roll out by the 15th of december. So were going week by week, and thats of course, where all the hopes lie that a vaccine will be of available soon, or at least these fast tests to allow for people to gather groups again. And can i thank you very much for bringing us up to date there. That was our chief Political Editor, mckitrick of the e. U. Leaders have failed to convince hungary, in poland to back down on their beater of the blocks long term budget and the release of emergency coronavirus funding. The 2 e. U. Member states are unhappy about plans that would allow the e. U. To block payments to countries deemed corrupt, or who clearly disrespect the rule of law. All. Warsaw in budapest say this targets theyll. Well, some 1. 8 trillion euros are at stake, nearly half of which is aimed at helping the e. U. Deal with the pandemic. You know, hospital we need to be in this hugging room is providing some comfort. So the 2nd wave of coded 19 is hitting italy just as hard as the 1st wave did in the spring, and the economic consequences. Equally rough heatedly along with many of the e. U. States, hes anxiously awaiting a multimillion euro e. U. Finance package to help ease the credit 19 crisis. But the funds are being blocked at a Virtual Summit on thursday. Hungary and poland used a veto powers to stall the funds from being distributed, saying that the conditions set for the payments go too far. Yeah, we say no to all mechanisms that are meant to punish us like naughty children and that treat poland and other countries on equally in poland and hungary object to a new rule of law or mechanism that would allow the e. U. To block recovery funds to countries it sees as violating democratic norms. Slovenia also opposes the measure. German chancellor Angela Merkel stressing that there is more work to be done to get poland and hungary on board. We have every obligation to find a way forward. It is absolutely clear to all that this is an important issue. Its not an easy problem. I grant you that its a very serious problem that we have to solve on the table is the e. U. Budget of 1. 8 trillion euros for the next 7 years, including 750000000000 euros of coronavirus aid. The Financial Plan needs unanimous support to be approved, and the latest veto from opposing Member States means a solution for this political fight. We pushed back to next months summit in the main time, governments around europe, a desperate for policymakers to find a middle ground. But given these entrenched positions, its clear that pandemic is not the only crisis europe needs to solve. The u. S. Secretary of state is in the middle east on a trip thats breaking with us, stablished us Foreign Policy 1st. He paid a culture of visit to a jewish settlement in the occupied west bank occupation, not recognized by much of the International Community. Later, he stopped in the israeli held Golan Heights captured by israel from syria. In 1967, syria has condemned the visit as provocative. Its a 1st for israeli American Relations and a parting gift from americas outgoing top diplomat. Mike pump a was a visit to the Golan Heights, makes him the 1st u. S. Secretary of state to visit the disputed territory. Since israel sees the region in 1967, the United Nations may have rejected the annexation. But for pump a 0 and the trump administration. This is israeli land. You keep, you cant stand here and there out at whats across the border and deny the central thing the president recognized that previous president s had refused to do. This is a part of israel, the center part of israel in another, unprecedented move made a stop to an israeli settlement in the west bank angering some palestinians who see legitimizes what they view as illegal israeli settlements. The secretary of state had no scheduled meetings with palestinian leaders. Some have called the trip a victory lap of sorts, a chance for the trumpet, ministration to highlight what it sees as its diplomatic success in the region. Including taking steps to legitimize israeli settlements. There for a long time, the state Department Took the wrong view of settlements. It took a view that didnt recognize the history of the special place. And instead now today in that States Department of state, stand strongly the recognition that settlements can be done in a way that are lawful and appropriate and proper a stance that puts us at odds with Many International bodies. And that could prove to be a stumbling block for incoming president elect joe biden. 75 years ago today, the trials opened in nuremberg of 24 high ranking members of the nazi dictatorship. The judicial proceedings were, the 1st of their current nuremberg trials sought to hold individuals to account instead of punishing an entire nation. They also came to lay the foundations for todays International Criminal court in the hague. Nice marshal here. Money. Hitlers deputy, who has and chief ideologist as good as they sit on the court docket. On november 20th, 945, many other leading nazi figures had already gone into hiding or committed suicide. As had hitler for the 1st time in history. The rulers of a country had to answer to an International Criminal court. The allies wanted to show that individuals would be held responsible for the cruel crimes of the nazis, not the german people as a home response to the charge against the main war. Criminals is conspiracy against world peace planning, unleashing and conducting a war of aggression, crimes and violations of martial long crimes against humanity. Because like none of the accused is willing to take responsibility. Many germans only learn about the unbelievable extent of the crimes during the trial. On october 1st, 1906, the sentences are pronounced. 3 acquittals. 3 life sentences for prison sentences, 12 death sentences are carried out shortly thereafter. The nuremberg trials are an historical milestone. They paved the way for the future International Criminal court in the hague trials for an attempt by the International Community to meet justice for those who had effectively been driving a nazi death machine with 2 men, one with survivor and the other, the son of a nazi to find out how they felt about tribunals in 1904 peter guard was 14 years old. When he, his mother and his sister, were deported to the auschwitz concentration camp. One year later, at the nuremberg trial, he recognised some of the men who sent them to the gas chamber. It was pure luck that he survived. But i followed the trial and felt great satisfaction, that at least the main were brought to justice by the allies. And that they finally received their just punishment. Nicholas funk also experienced an unexpected end to his carefree childhood. His father, hans frank, was hitlers deputy in occupied poland. Hans was one of the main war criminals dubbed the butcher of poland. Nicholas was only 6 them. He was teased at school at school. Some kids made up rhymes minister, minister gas canister, because i was the son of a heist minister. But that wasnt so bad. In other words, said to me, nicky, nicky, that was my nickname. Your daddy will be hanged soon. So i just answered yes. Up until the very end, the main war criminals denied the systematic extermination of jews. They tried to deny everything and said they knew nothing. But during the trial, they were shown films of the concentration camps with the mountains of corpses. And afterwards, even getting himself was dazed. None of the accused at the nurnberg trial took credit for their actions. They pushed the responsibility up the chain of command. They said they only have bad orders. They blamed everything on hitler or himmler who were both dead by then. Nicholas father was sentenced to death. His and 11 more death sentences were carried out on october 16th, 1946 and at the movies. Back then they showed not how they were hung, but how they lay in their coffins with the white and black stripes noose around their necks. And i thought they all deserved to wear that next time. Nicholas hong, always carries a photo of his hanged father with him. And whenever he feels just a touch of pity for his dad, he thinks of auschwitz. And then he affirms the verdict of the nuremberg trial was just over more and joined by professor and shes director of the institute for Eastern European law and comparative law at the university of cologne. And shes the poor Vice President of the European Court of human rights. Thanks for being with us professor. First of all, tell us how important were the norm back trials for International Law as we know it today. I would say it was the start of a completely new era, something unheard of before before. There was also always this idea of absolute state, senator randy. And now those responsible for a war on of a certain who were sitting on the bench responsible for the crimes of starting the war. So this was completely and you start and also the fact that the alan, how us Work Together as sort of representatives of International Community. So Something Like a new International Community looking at responsibility was being formed. So the number of trials, sorry, go ahead and their victims were visible for the 1st time they, they could come and some of them could come to court and could testify about this trust us crime. So the war was in court. So a milestone than the norm back trials however, were also controversial. Some call them an example of victors justice. What would you say about the trials . Were they seriously flawed . Well yes, to some extent they were not, you know, there were the judges on the bench came from the victorious powers. There were the judges from the soviet union who had been involved in show trials just, a few years before. So this was something that wasnt tecton and s. , well there was the problem of no little cream. And so this idea that there should be no punishment without a lot before laying down the criminal responsibility and waiting and aggressive war. And to then was not really part of customary International Law. So this was a point of that was quite serious. But nevertheless, i think it shaped the new International Law. And it was an example of how it could be done. The alternative would have been just to hang them without and try and like that was a huge step forward. Today we have the International Criminal court in the hague, the i. C. C. It deals with war crimes and crimes against humanity. But with many important countries, like the us, china and russia are not recognizing it. How effective can the i. C. C. Be today . Well its that was also a huge step forward. The rome statute in 1908 that found so many states that would accept except it and that here to it and you are right, the most important and powerful states so far dont accept it. And that is the important piece lacking to make it to turn it into a real success professor, thank you very much for talking with us. That was professor ungiving of the from the university of cologne. Thank you. Thank you. Just a reminder of the top story. Were following for you here today on d, w, news. Media has begun its handover of several districts to azerbaijan. As part of a contentious peace accord. The russian brokered agreement ended weeks of fighting over the disputed region and in a row in a corner car of so years from now, stay tuned for our environmental serious global 3000 is coming up in just a minute. And you can find all the news on our website and didnt have any thought called. Im terry martin. Thanks. Watch. Again, green, blue meanie and enhancing for china, a self declared Climate Change trailblazer knows is what counts most of all and it feel to balances. The minor detail in order to guarantee more during the demigod many projects have been approved without an ecological impact, cement just doesnt match up. So how does it work . Little 3 times. Next on d, w. It was the 1st International Tribunal and the number of trials 75 years ago, a high ranking officers of the nazi regime, the one judging by the allied forces. They were the 1st war criminals to be held accountable for their crimes. Our 2 part series, the 3rd reich in the dark, in 45 minutes long t w. Why did this person there are certain subject object. There is a mosque that can be done the but make up your mind the book. Double. Welcome to global 3000. Can Nature Conservation off a tax breaks new opportunities right now . Finance minister in south africa. She knew zia, we find out talent local fishermen of fighting an Invasive Species crop but 1st we had to china despite the lessons of