Long been tense. For nearly 30 years, the t p l. F was dominant in ethiopia, politics, but abi curbed the partys influence after coming to power in 2018. Its leaders say they have been unfairly targeted. A constitutional dispute raised tensions to boiling point. The t p l. F defied obvious decision to postpone national polls. Juta the coronavirus pandemic. In september they went ahead with elections and to grow, which they control. Not only the stability of ethiopia is at stake in this conflict. The country with its population of 110000000 is pivotal to the stability of the horn of africa as a whole. Earlier, dana hughes from the Un High Commission for refugees in nairobi told d. W. That her aid workers are having trouble getting supplies into the conflict zone. Right now, its very difficult for anything to go in. Anything to go out. Were very much dont go shooting with all aspects, all parties, local authorities to try to have zones where we can actually get and get humanitarian access. And frankly, with the way that the situation is deteriorating, it is, its not looking good. In fact, were in the process of relocating much of our staff from the areas. Dana huge, talking to me a little earlier. Paris is marking the 5th anniversary of its deadliest terror attack ceremonies have been held in the french capital and attendees, including the mayor of paris and the french Prime Minister. Have paid tribute to the victims at sites around the city where the attack took place. 5 years ago in 2015130, people were killed when socalled Islamic State militants launched multiple attacks in the french capital, suicide bombers and gunmen carried out a 4 hour killing spree, which also injured hundreds. Those who survived the assault will have to live with the horrific memory of that night. We talked to one of them who has found a special way to deal with the trauma. Heres a report from music as therapy, it got so touchy through the worst time of his life. He started writing songs shortly before the battle counterattack. The more i was terrified after the attack, i was afraid to leave the house to cycle through the city. I felt i had become a target. Music helped me get through this. It was my way to express my feelings and what ive experienced when you go through an event like this, precisely because i managed to get out of there shortly after the attack had started. You think i scape death by a few minutes life grinds to a halt, but then it continues and you think, well, i need to live life to the fullest. Saturday had gone to the concert with a few friends. They all managed to escape a life minutes before the 1st shots were fired. Took this video. When he understood what was happening, his survival instincts kicked in there were little flashes of light on the war that were moving towards the stage and then the sound of firecrackers. I mediately understood that something was wrong and that those werent just firecrackers. All i could think about was i have to get out of there, but then the 1000. 00 concert goes all through themselves to the ground, and i got stuck beneath them. But i managed to free myself and make it out of that door. This is the 1st time since the attack that sanish has returned to the battle plan. Its bringing back his trauma, which is still deeply affecting him. Its stressing me out to be here. Im quite anxious now. Even nowadays, when i go to the cinema hall restaurant, im concerned about my safety and where the next emergency exit is as to what to do until the 13th of november 25th teen. I thought i lived in a safe country. Now i dont believe that anymore. Music is helping to heal his wounds. But for sadness its also an affirmation of life. Just as there was a radical islamists would like to see a society in which we kontrol make music all sing. They believe that only the prophet has the right to do that. So this is a way of saying, no, i exist, im alive, and i want to continue doing what im free to do in my country. But with the spate of recent terror attacks and measures to combat the current happened, demick pressure on those freedoms is mounting. That report from the saloon us to the us now where President Donald Trump is due to attend a work meeting today to discuss plans for rolling out a coronavirus vaccine. The president has hardly been seen since his defeat in last weeks election. A loss. He still refuses to acknowledge trumps team is focused on waging a long shot legal battles to contest the results. A strategy that its only likely to succeed in sowing doubts in the minds of his supporters. Donald trump, in a bad mood, his only official appearance this week honoring the dead at Arlington Cemetery outside washington d. C. No public comment, but his years long tweet storm continued ballot counting abuse. People will not accept a rigged election. We will win, and his most senior officials refused to concede anything. There will be a transition to a 2nd term, but mr. Action, the Trump Campaign has launched a lawsuit upon lawsuit, challenging vote counts in different states. The vast majority of republicans have stayed silent or repeated the president s claims. The question is, how long these challenges can last Government ElectionAuthorities Say they found virtually no signs of legal fraud. So is this all for show an attempt to keep the base motivated . If so, it seems to be working, hes got 70000000, people got his back and we dont want a concession speech until we know that every counted and we feel good about it and theres no corruption. And if there is corruption, people need to go to jail. Joe biden doesnt seem bothered. Hes creating a Transition Team infecting people for his cabinet and other government positions set to take power on january 20th. Were just going to proceed the way we have. Were going to do exactly what we do. If he had conceded, we change, however, the team biden is putting together has been locked out of the governments confidential, coronavirus pandemic reporting as well as the president s daily intelligence briefing on international and domestic security threats. Theyve received no transition funding or access to agencies expertise and knowledge or even to the government buildings. Theyll soon move into even if trump does concede in the near future, his tens of millions of hardcore supporters may never accept the very man lost at. And they may refuse to accept anyone else as president. Lets bring in correspondent, in washington d. C. Oliver. There are reports that some more prominent republicans are privately accepting defeat. What more can you tell us about whats actually happening behind the republican wall of silence will call it yeah, so there are 1st cracks in that wall of silence if you will. The people mentioned you mentioned that are privately criticizing him. There are some 4 republican senators who are publicly calling joe biden, the president elect. Now the official position within the Republican Party though and among leading figures here that every vote has to be counted. And that if there is fraud, that has to be considered that said, we also heard officials claiming that this has been the safest election in a long time. So it really does seem there is no fraud, at least not in a large scale. And at least not in a scale that would be relevant for this election. Whats important to understand here also is that the Electoral College votes were talking of all right now have not been certified yet. So we are talking about preliminary results and there is a deadline here in the United States that these votes have to be certified until december aids. And donald trump is using this time frame that he has to raise money for his campaign debt. Allegedly, were receiving countless emails of his support of his campaign right now where he is addressing his supporters. The news really trying to uphold that narrative that this election was stolen. But at some point, he will have to turn around, or at least the Republican Party will have to turn around. And that will be a big challenge if theyre trying not to put all of those very real unique supporters. He may have had a lot more to lose than just the presidency. The protection from prosecution he enjoyed as a sitting president will expire when you leave office, of course, tell us about the legal suits he might face after leaving office. Thats right. Well, after january 20th, that he will lose his immunity. And then there is a lawsuit underway against him. A court in new york that is currently investigating his business practices. His taxes had trump suit that suit and went to the Supreme Court and were currently waiting for a decision there. The Supreme Court decides that the new york court can move on. We might see a situation that eventually leads into a criminal conviction of dont trump watch this space correspondent all over salad in washington d. C. Thank you so much. And a reminder of the top stories were following for you at this hour. The u. N. Hes warning that the situation in ethiopia, wrist spiraling out of control. Thousands of civilians who fled the fighting in the tikrit region. Say they were bombed by government forces. The government says it is making progress in its offensive. Youre watching news coming up next hour. Covert 900 special with remember you can get all the latest news and information around the clock on our website dot com. Im michael okun for me in the team here. Thanks so much for joining the fight against the corona virus. Pandemic has the rate of infection been developing. What does the latest research say . Information and context . The coronavirus update. 19 special on t w. The tumbling tires, the entire scheme for jurors or dealing with any of the other killed. Many civilians. Come including my father. Sometimes i was a student and i wanted to build a life for myself. Or suddenly life became knowledge, kind of providing insights. Global news that matters. D. W. Made for mines 10 kuroda vaccine candidates. And now in late stage trials the world is celebrating. What could be the breakthrough in fighting coke at 19, thomas or tickle companies are also cheering. The Public Sector has invested billions more in development, but its the private sector that will rake in the cash. Under existing agreements, they control the price and get the profits. From a firm say thats failed, development is expensive and time consuming and results are not guaranteed. Its a gamble for governments to which are reserving millions of doses of vaccine they hope will work. Still, other coronaviruses could come along. Vaccines could become big pharma as new cash cow. Well, of the 20 largest pharmaceutical companies, only 4 had special vaccine units last year. Now everyone is getting in on the act, which is great, but they using our money and can charge what they want. One of our guests this week said some developers promise to only charge the cost price. It could even be cheaper than the flu vaccine. Lets see what happens. Its a race Everyone Wants to win. Whoever makes the 1st successful kovan 1000. 00 vaccine also stands to make a fortune or potentially blockbuster products. We are talking billions of dollars in revenue. Part of the funding for the Vaccine Research is public money, but the profits stay in private hands. If the companies can secure exclusive licenses to have vaccines and ultimately decide on a price because they have a monopoly on the pavement, the race to find a vaccine is in full swing. And 2. 00 German Companies are among the leaders in the field, cure or vaccine tubingen. Biotech in minds which this week announced promising early results from its phase 3 clinical trial. Both are working on vaccines using, messenger r. N. A. , m r n. A. Vaccines take a snippet of the coronaviruses genome to begin a defensive response without exposing it to the actual virus. And more n a essentially teaches the body to fight a dummy of the virus to help make it immune research into this technologies mean going on for 20 years and involve billions in public money and private investment. But developing vaccines is highly risky. An active ingredient or vaccine candidate can fail at any stage in Clinical Trials because of a lack of efficacy or safety issues. That means developing treatments has Major Development and Financial Risks which is why Pharma Companies turn to public funding. This is then distributed by groups like the coalition for epidemic preparedness innovations, safety, which is cofounding development of several covert 900 vaccine candidates. But the main focus of this cooperation with safety is to produce a vaccine as quickly as possible and get it to the people. The hope for this example, the commercial side is secondary for now, the interest of intrigue long although Vaccine Development is co funded companies and licenses and distribution, dolfin verdant is the 2 gangs push to move based on this, they relax the rules that would have ensured that safety retains intellectual property rights, uninsured, a vaccine that is affordable for everyone, and widely accessible of militias. Pharmaceutical Companies Stand to make huge profits if they succeed in coming up with a vaccine. Based product successfully comes onto the market, opens the door to a flood of similar vaccines and active ingredients. Great opportunities public funding could earn billions for private firms. The fear is Biotech Companies can name their price for access to this powerful pandemic fighting weapon. A professor of public economics Massimo Florio joins us, do you have a problem with public funds being used to develop a vaccine for this corona virus in the, in the current emergency over not have any problem. I think there is absolutely no alternative to disburse such fancy new hold. Their governments would be able to negotiate on prices and the conditions. But i dont think that are the issue is where we are going. The next time the governments are in a bad negotiating position. Are they . I mean, theyre giving these big Pharma Companies free rein. They, they can do what they want to when they do develop a vaccine and their price. This is why i say that this is important for the future, not not to be stuck in these, in this negotiating position. And they have the, by governments, or possibly by a coalition of go, its the research and Development Capacity in these private firms, of course are about making a buck. But is that one of the reasons why we want ready for this outbreak . Yes, i think so. The problem is that governments have to entirely didnt need to the private pharma industry, the search and betterment of the gains that jensen or is iesous here to reason in their risk of disconnection, of misalignment between the Public Health agenda and the try to jam. If you are a former company, a manager or a pharma company, you have investors financial, merciless, you are, is the stock is changing, and sure your results in the short. So you are less interested in the, in the longer term and which are less profitable than others. I think we need Something Else or to protect ourselves in the future. So is that disconnect with us and with our health . Is that way . A doctor who developed a vaccine for saas, the year after the pandemic, which was caused by a strain of corona virus, didnt get the funding for Clinical Trials. Yes, there is a testimony of a professor of this u. S. Congress. Rather revealing example about the fact that after the 1st there are clear pieces of to respect related to a corner of violence that a vaccine was neither. And he and he was deemed were working on that. The data is the money they, they see they had to the have never been able to get the funding through. Because the coronavirus and in general, all of the research on the viruses, one can be optics or is used to short stories, but our genes resistance blood to be optics is not really the focus of the beak of the be trumped. So we need Something Else. We need a mechanisms to measure is not based on the priorities of financial mess. We need a mechanism. These are the only priorities of public have we need a long run perspective. Just summing up really briefly. Obviously didnt change anything. Will this al break change something . Well, i think so because the, the al arent the, arent there swear theyre even 20 years, a group for some reason the economic and the economy is where in certain places and not Global Global factors. So i do think there, there, there would be a change the European Union step in the dance that you can try and step in. Because unfortunately, the extra consensus is that this is not going to be the last time that we experience these kind of problems. Important point to finish on the most audial. Thank you very much for joining us. Thank you very much. And if youve got a question about vaccines or anything related to the coronavirus right channel to help his science correspondent Eric Williams will look into it. How could we solve the issue of a messenger r. N. A. Vaccine, cold chain at a reasonable cost . I heard it was make it of 80. 00 degrees celsius. If the interim results on a ficus, e from the candidate back seen made by biotech and pfizer or hold up to scrutiny and, and if it clears hurdles involving safety by the end of november as hoat, those are our 2 big then some countries could approve it quickly, maybe even by the end of the year, by then the Companies Say they have already produced enough doses to vaccinate between 15 and 20000000 people and they should have Production Capacity for over a 1000000000 more in 2021. Manufacturing infrastructure has been set up in parallel with the trials to speed, the whole process up. But as you say, theres a big hurdle to overcome with this particular vaccine, which is that it has to be kept in extremely cold temperatures. Under minus 70 degrees celsius to remain stable for any length of time and, and that will be expensive. The logistics of it was always going to be a nightmare. I mean, every step of the cold chain and the delivery process has to be as foolproof. As you can make it and you have to train people to work with stuff at temperatures that im fine, is or has even been building special containers or for keeping its nose is that cold. The good news is that they dont spoil instantly after throwing, but they also keep at normal refrigerator temperatures for around 5 days, which makes the task maybe slightly less impossible. But dont forget, there are many other vaccines going through late stage trials that might also prove safe and effective. And some of them are based on other platforms with, with formulations that dont have to be kept at temperatures that low or anywhere close to it. Im with luck. One or more of them will prove safe and effective 2 can be used in places that dont have high tech cold chain infrastructure. Eric williams there, ive been physical and that wraps up a full week of coverage on a possible vaccine. Also the week that we saw the 1st big breakthrough in developing want for any other developments on the virus go to our web site, e, w dot com slash code 90 about w. s crime fighters are back with africas most successful radio drama series continues from olympus odes. Are Available Online in the course. You can share and, discuss song, w. , africas facebook feature and other social media platforms, crime fighters to me. And now Coronavirus Crisis cinema is making life for the street more than life going out for our topic this week. Arts and culture on d. W. This is news africa on the program. Today. Im going to Stay International say schools of civilians have been hacked and stabbed to death. Because Northern Region up to pride, Prime Minister ahmed has accused the to grind Peoples Liberation message to grind, officials deny their involvement and what has gotten its biggest football stars has returned from a role to play for a club without interest in the local league