Decided to put their trust in us. My name is jenny paris and i work. Germany in 1945 hitler was dead his nazi regime had taken the lives of 6000000 jews. The countrys leading representatives were to be held accountable for their actions by an International Military tribunal for the 1st time in world history. 24 high ranking nazis were charged and made to stand trial in the german city of moore and back to school with and then begin that process of new students i dont think you can consider the holocaust in terms of classical justice at all. Thats in the end theres no forgiving what happened i mean whats high risk is saying this. But at least the perpetrators could be tried in court how do the victims and the children of the war criminals view the nuremberg trials 75 years on. My nominees my name is paid to johan god those who in 1944 we were all deported to auschwitz when my entire family was murdered there. Goes wrong im Nicholas Funk the son of hans fung hitlers deputy in occupied poland he was the governor general and politically responsible for every murder committed there between 19391945. So if you can not my name is clay not to listen to my maiden name is toma my my father was the assigned defense counsel for a flute holds in baghdad. Hitlers chief idealogue of the holes in baghdad and the 1st deputy in poland hans funk were among the leading nazis who were in the dock in nuremberg on nov 20th 1945 many other high ranking nazis had gone into hiding or like hitler and his propaganda minister use of google had committed suicide the trials were held in iran back of all places the city where the nazi party had staged its rallies where the fascist had flexed their muscles. Now for the 1st time in history a states rulers were to be held personally responsible for their crimes by an International Tribunal the 4 wartime allied powers the us the soviet Union Britain and france had agreed to this even before the hostilities ceased in what might be called an irony of history nuremberg the palace of justice was left virtually undamaged by the war room 600. 00 the largest in the criminal court was remodeled to accommodate the trial of the century. I fled toma a retired judge was asked by the americans to defend a flawed rules and bag there were too few lawyers who hadnt been compromised during the nazi era. Loon who was 17 at the time later accompanied her father to the trial on several occasions. A mind found my father was picked up by a jeep it was the cia. And i need. To look a few hours later he returned and said. Ive been called on to be the Court Appointed defense counsel for 2 accused who still dont have any defense lawyers enough kind. Wont mind. My father was very distressed and said i had no other choice i had to except. For Nicholas Funk the trials mark the abrupt end of a carefree childhood his father hans frank hitlers deputy and occupied poland was one of the major war criminals he was called the butcher of poland a fact that didnt escape nicholas who was just 6 at the time of the trial. Who after school someone taunted me minister minister gas canister because i was the son of a rice minister that wasnt so bad another said hey mickey thats what they called me your dads going to hang soon all i said was yes. More than 600. 00 journalists from around the world followed the nuremberg trials. My new good to new or do you. All you could hear was the translators machines. And. I in a. If im even me it was a tense oppressive atmosphere. Yeah. That was also charged with shame. Most fear that theres the major war criminals were indicted on the following charges conspiring to commit crimes against peace planning initiating and waging a war of aggression participating in war crimes and crimes against humanity. Because. All of the accused pleaded not guilty. To god dawlish was just 14 years old when he was sent to auschwitz in 1944 along with his mother and his little sister both of them were killed in the gas chambers. God or she survived. So i followed the proceedings and was gratified to see that at least the main war criminals were put in the dark by the allies. And that in the end they got the punishment they deserved. During the trials testimony from witnesses and documents showed that the jewish victims had been murdered systematically. All these corpses died of suffocation and people. But the major war criminals denied responsibility for the killings. Well the accused didnt exactly cover themselves in glory at the nuremberg trials they denied responsibility and blamed everything on their superiors they were just following orders they pinned it all on their dead leader hitler. So they tried to deny everything. And then in the trial they were shown films of the concentration camps with the mountains of corpses. Even killing was stunning you could see that. As a. Doctor for the defendant rosenberry for alfred toma an avowed opponent of the nazi regime who now had to defend a nazi war criminal the proceedings were grueling and to dust by. I was a real shock for everyone involved basically all of the lawyers. Because theyd never suspected the dimension of the crime. But. Nish. They didnt know the extent of the atrocities committed at auschwitz. Stood tall back in both. My father certainly didnt and it was conducted with the so many germans only learned the full extent of the nazis crimes during the trial including those committed by nicholas fox father. Just to prove up so i have the feeling that he was rightfully charged them for these because i saw photos of the corpses of the concentration camps including the bodies of children who were my age at the time and that shocked me because it only said underneath them poland i thought poland belong to us the func family my oldest brother norman saw the photos he went to our mother and said mom if the photos are real dad doesnt stand a chance of you can you show us. On october 1st 946 the verdicts were announced of the accused 3 were acquitted 3 received lifetime sentences and 4 were given prison sentences. 12 were sentenced to death the executions took place not long afterwards in the trial courts former jim. You know i saw it at the cinema they showed that theyre not how they were hanging about them wanting in their coffins with the white and black stripe robe around their necks i thought they all deserved to wear those neckties. 12 more trials took place at the u. S. Military tribunal in iran back. Of the 185. 00 additional defendants 24. 00 were initially sentenced to death. We need to i dont think that we germans back then or even later on condemned those criminals he made the allies did it for us. Vice nish v d she applies i dont know how those trials would have gone in a german court. After the last of the american led trials few attempts were made to capture and prosecute other nazi war criminals the world was preoccupied by the cold war and germans once again had the say in their own courtrooms so many former nazis remained in positions of authority in the young federal republic of germany previous. Many of the others who had blood on their hands were never caught. After being led in the direction of democracy by the allies the victors who freed us it would really have been good to clean house and charge everyone. But naturally people didnt want that especially those guilty of crimes. From intruding when. They used their connections to prevent that and then the Supreme Court exonerated all of the judges. Deets yeah the Justice System never really cleaned house thought the old judges and Department Heads were back again. And sitting on the Constitutional Court and caused. Still the nuremberg trials were a historic milestone. And they later pave the way for the creation of the International Criminal court in the hague. Was i give both poor g. P. But you only positive thing to come out of my fathers criminal life was that due to him those 4 indictments were invented or found to put people like him on trial. For you wish to teach. Nicholas fog always carries a photo of his father who was sentenced to death and hanged whenever he feels just the tiniest sense of pity for his father he thinks about the images of auschwitz and that restores his belief that justice was served at the northern bad trials. Exploring the range and. Germanys most distance hiking trail. Its going to be exhausting and maybe my shoes will look like this. In this instance 170 kilometers a trail. Again in the. Next. Session for spectacular pictures. Their passion for nature its their complete devotion that makes them the best Wildlife Photographers in the last. 5 adventurers. One goal the preservation of our planet. 45 minutes on t. W. What secrets lie behind small. Discover new adventures in 360 degree. And explore fascinating World Heritage sites the v. W. World heritage 360. 00 get kidnapped now. Today im going to give in to my wonderlust so ive come to whats known as the french strike which runs through the through engine forest. Is one of the oldest hiking trails germany it begins at eisenach on the vettel river and ends in the town of bunkum stein on the said its river. Its customary to take stone from the vessel along with you its said to bring good luck and when you reach the end of the great strike you throw it into this is a bit so. So my mission is clear but from start to finish there rich trail is about 170 kilometers long uphill downhill always along the crest of the thuringian forest its going to be exhausting and maybe my shoes will look like this. Along the way ill served here in the Biosphere Reserve. Our v mail this week takes us on a tour of paris. Check in viewer shows us her hometown jakarta in indonesia. The 1st section of the grand stock is up hill of course fortunately its a low Mountain Range here in the thuringian forest so i dont have to huff and puff my way out to 2 or 3000. 00 metres. All in all the tree is stretches 170 kilometers some hikers do the whole thing in 6 days others in 8 or 10. These are along the way let us know were on the right path. Diecast plenty of rest areas and observation points. From this bench you have a great view of bach book castle above eyes and. The vote book looks like something out of a story book and it has made it into the history books so if youre in the area you should take a look at the castle and visit the town of eyes and. Everyone who comes to eisenach wants to visit brought pulled counsel. From many germans its more than just an 11th Century Council its both a tourist attraction and a famous landmark and that has to do with one man in particular Martin Luther starting in 1521. 00 he translated the new testament into german. Here a revolutionary act because anyone who could read now had access to it. You know. Little wasnt the 1st to translate the bible but he did it very well and he did it from the original greek not just from latin into german it was the. Right war council has been the scene of many historical events its splendid rooms testified of that for instance the apartments of st elizabeth of the regina who lived in the castle in the 13th century. And the singers all were in the middle ages a legendary contest among many singers took place. In 817 about 500 students met here to demand the unification of the then fragmented german nation. And. Below the god called lies the town of eisenach. The lutheran house where the protestant reformer lived as a schoolboy. Martin luther preached in st georges church. And in 1985 in this house the composer johans abbas gen bach another illustrious eisenach native was born the house is now im using up. You can round off your tour advisor and off with typical the religio potato dumplings and a bottle of liquor wine of course at the foot of the fox book. There are lots of things to see and discover on both sides of the rich trail like to lose a ton of waterfall. The waterfall is artificial a small river has been dammed up here and forts 58 meters to the ground. By the way against ike was 1st mentioned in the 14th century as a border between franconia and trooping many boundary stones are still standing. And now i face my biggest challenge in zits Back Mountain climb isnt easy but its birthrates especially on a day like today. While enjoying a well deserved coffee ill take the opportunity to write a postcard from the mountain top. Postcards are really Old Fashioned and a selfie is much faster but some people even make a whole video of their journey like my mom from bangladesh he was in paris for the 1st time in his life and here are his impressions. To own. Here on the inside spec theres also a fun park. Thats got a few questions for the manager. 2 hikers from the get stuck ever come here looking for a change of pace. Sure they did. They walked past just 50 meters away so of course they stop. What is there to do year. Our oldest attraction is the alpine slide its a 1000 meters long and 400 meters high. Its been here for 25 years. But our Main Attraction is the wii fly and its a prototype were the only one to have it then there are lots of smaller writes the children who is the Winter Sports resort is not far from here has an olympic champion every turned up here. Yes. The former professional by athlete she lives near here and comes by from time to time. And they go down the alpine slight. And its a lot of fun. And down for a turn on the v. Flyer. My last stop here on in this Back Mountain the Lookout Tower 930 metres and the top. On one side forest as far as the eye can see. On the other side transmitters of its Back Mountain and at the very back i can actually see the book castle. Here on the inspect mountain is a youth hostel right next to the grand strike and there are also a lot of accommodation in the vacation spots along the hiking trail but the most unusual one is probably the most up against type. Michaels church has seen a lot in its day after all it was built in 859. But no one probably ever thought it would be used for lodging. There they come thats because theyre welcome to nourish that armor and start if you got a good trip up all of this father and daughter of passing through the village they found these unusual courses on the Online Platform at the end. From 6 in the evening till 9 in the morning they have a chat to themselves the church is only open for overnight stays during the summer. Tourists from austria president france sweden and a stray here have slept here its not that serious but its romantic and lots of people like it hes the big guys theyre all food it is because there are plenty of enthusiasm for the project and theres enthusiasm for the guests who come to us for various reasons. To support. My welcome the guests in the evening and in the morning i say goodbye to them. Of course i ask them why theyve come how theyve enjoyed their stay here and whether there were any problems for. Him. Architect yanis longo designed the sleeping quarters unadorned reduced to essential but still aesthetically pleasing and overnight stay here costs 15. 00 euros per person. For that you get a serene and special place to sleep and a lovely view of the organ. To him here that i didnt put his to have its good we started this process of turning churches into places to stay here noise. We hope that in 2 or 3 years we can do the same in several more churches in the region but we like a string of pearls along the trench where hikers or even pilgrims can stop for a night and i. Think of auto coordinates the project there are village churches all over touring and with smaller and smaller congregations so new ideas a needed. Does is to look at this is a chance to ensure these places arent forgotten that we can bring them into the future and that they remain public spaces that are available to their communities and localities all. During the day regular Church Services are held. In the evening to Michaels Church office hike has a very special place to stay along the trail. In the fall and by Biosphere Reserve i catch up with the guided tour group. Has been offering deer watching tours for many years we walked deep into the forest so hopefully we will see some animals soon. As i might have thought because id like to ask you to stop your conversations now and stick together. You can ask me all the questions you want once were up in the observation not. Up there its ok if you speak quietly. And if you know talking thats kind of heart for me i like to talk a lot. As quietly as possible we all go into the observation hot then we see them. Red deer in the wild and so close i didnt expect to see so many. Model nicholas here with visitors almost every evening. Said that youve been doing this for 15 years do you ever get bored or is there always something new and exciting here in the forest he invited to promote theres always something new to see in discover in the forest. And you never get bored of animals. Every evening is different. I think red deers such appealing creatures and i like the way they look and behave can watch them every day. When germany was divided you couldnt walk along the entire bench strike because a short section is located in bavaria which was part of west germany and the border between the states of tooling and bavaria was a no go area. Fortunately this is no longer an issue and bavaria and almost exotic destinations awaits. The hot house in the town of trying to tell. If smith was one of the cofounders of this fund that Pilot Project 15 years ago the hothouses warrants using heat from a local glass manufacturer. Exotic fruits coffee and spices thrive on the ground strike with valid long environmentally harmful transports from asia or south america. And promote can you show me the most exotic fruit here the exhaust of the most exotic fruit right at the moment is down there. The giant granite dia. In colombia its called a bad idea we also have seeds here from colombia is the biggest Passion Fruit in the world. Dont bump into it this thing you that thing its almost right now i may oh yes most of us weigh as much as they do in their countries of origin 4 to 5 kilos so you can almost hold it smells nice yeah it will probably have to be picked in 2 days. This is the smell scented. Thats true smell sort of like liquid soap because this is chilly yes thats i have an arrow and i love spicy food you wont love those. If this is an indian naga or gucci lucky or chili pepper we have 2 colors here this is the yellow one i dont want to touch it because it burns when it mixes with sweat why its forget burns your hand oh yes and you have to be especially careful not to touch or i ought to go to the toilet after touching it this is yellow we also have it in red until 2008 it was the worlds hottest chili pepper at about a 1000000 scoville heat units europeans are said to be able to withstand 25000. 00 without Health Concerns those schools goebel is the measurement of its spiciness a chemist from the us to pull up this measure of pungency scoville means i need to dilute this chili pepper with a 1000000 drops of water to neutralize it spiciness its annoyed. And why do you have so many popeye us weve learned that a pirate is the plant that really flourishes here when our harvest one and a half tons of papaya is on an area of about 500. 00 square metres we knew it was them. After visitors for one then some is made into fruit spreads some visitors prefer that to taking a one or 2 kilo papaya home and we have customers in the Restaurant Business for instance a country in that interested in the project. If you would like to know more about this environmental project it is best to join a guided tour. Mangoes. Our exotic fruits for us here in germany but they are commonplace elsewhere and seeing those differences is exactly what makes traveling so exciting and even more exciting when take us around and in our. Lot is going to show us the capital of jakarta. Hello im really out we are in the capital city of indonesia. And its good to see. That. We are ready for the market right now you can buy. Food. And also you can buy every truth. Its rome with love its a very delicious world and very serious for me. Thank you. But you should try me. Absolutely and the bank says that maybe it is just such you know we call it heartless thank you and so walk oh my. Us thank you endeavor as a beautiful. Love hope. You get it all over the skies. This is how we cross the street in indonesia you should be confident and youll see our have something are. Ok in the end all day and fowler goes to the highlight of the day in that solve all the monuments and that. In the us is 130. 00. And it is. The struggle in the new independent and it is in the center of murder a gust square and we call it morning as. There are leaving over 10000000. To say goodbye all of you guys enjoy our tree of and thats gums over there. Now maybe you can meet me here and explore undersea it is really a nice place and really a nice experience here but as i made you sad. Would you like to show us around your hometown. Become our travel guide. To find out how to check you out on our website at u. W. Dot com slash from. The 170 kilometers effect and strike are behind me i am in the town of blank in stein on this said its river and my shoes are still ok. Hello hello hikers how long have you been on the trail. 6 days i was a tough. Well yes by the end of the day your legs are suffering. But you dont look that tired and your shoes a still looking good what was the hardest part of the trail strings. The hardest part was climbing up in the back and it was hard going it was funny but it was worth the reward the next day we had sun and clouds over touring and the mist was great and. While theyre throwing their stones into the river another group arrives on bikes. If you like of how long have you been on the road and 3 and a half days is the against also good for cycling or do you have to improvise you. Know the cycling path is great its a bit longer and sometimes runs parallel to the bench tike but sometimes on it its a really lovely route so i highly recommend it. And here are a couple of hikers who are just getting started. Hey where are you headed were off on the ranch doctora. This and thats where you get the stones thats right we read that people bring their own stone from the bureau to the bits were going the other way around and thought well i want to take a few back. Such a big one my stone is a lot smaller. If i found one like that id have taken it instead of. The stone from the vessel river brought me luck the weather was just perfect i met interesting people and experienced a lot of nature and like any other hiker on the stock i will throw this stone now into the river. If i see you next time. It. Gets upset for spectacular creatures place their passion for nature its their complete devotion that makes them the best wildlife photographer in the law 5 adventurers. One goal. The preservation of our planet obsession for china beyond 15 minutes long t. W. Give us your country people on the moon make you rich. People oil will provide you with jobs. The oil will take good care of you making. The plane that will suffer took hold on the west coast is coming out in 2007 that investors make big promises but years later reality looks very different. Letters pages of Drinking Water shortage highest unemployment. What happened to gone a stream of black gold oil promises starts december 4th w. Been told it is for me. Is for. Beethoven is for. Beethoven is for her. And beethoven is for. Beethoven is for embryonic. Beethoven 2020. 150th anniversary here on d. W. Has a virus spread. Why do we panic and when well all miss. Just 3 of the topics covered and the weekly radio show is called spectrum if you would like and the information on the program virus or any other science topic you should really check out our podcast you can get it wherever you get your podcast you can also find us and dot com forward slash science. About about the. Cut. Playing