12000000 people depend on the rivers that originate in the bali mountains to protect the rivers from drying up the National Park must be saved and the question is how. Water is life but in many parts of ethiopia there simply isnt enough of it. Most of the people here are farmers. Many still work with the simplest of tools that land suitable for farming and grazing is scarce. Ethiopia is among the most populous countries on earth more than 100000000 people live here and that number increases by around 2500000 every year if the growth rate remains constant the population could double by 2050. Ethiopia is part of the horn of africa its a country of High Mountain peaks in the south the barn a National Park protects the afro alpine biome its not only home to many rare species of plants and animals its also the source of several rivers that flow through so malia to the indian ocean providing millions of people with water. The ballad mountains are the Water Reservoir for the whole region since 2004 the frankford Zoological Society has been helping to preserve the National Park the societys director christopher shank has come to see what the situation is like on the ground he knows how important this area is. For a month so im told be used to be able to shift your biodiversity is an evenly spread on our planet and 80 percent of species are found on just 20 percent of the earths surface reason we just have to protect the right places for the guns which theres the most important parts are the socalled hot spots as these are regions where the earths circular abundance of basics you can get beaten for kwans that only exist in those regions for more on these hot spots are shrinking in the courts but one is the afro alpine region including the ball a mountain of the car 2 bin of the polyp alligator. Most of the region is covered by forest one of the last intact expanses a forest in the whole of ethiopia its enormously important as a habitat for plants and animals as well as providing a balanced climate and water supply. The ancient juniper and caso trees are habitat for various herbivores including the extremely rare mountain the allah this species of antelope is found only in the uplands of ethiopia. A mere 3000 mountain eola still live in the wild most of them in bali National Park. Theres also a diverse host of Small Creatures its likely that there are reptiles and amphibians here that havent even been discovered yet. Scientists have identified about 1300. 00 flowering plants and many of which are only found here the diversity of species is encouraged by the climates. The High Mountains make for fertile cloud forest. Droplets collect on moss and lichen. They merge to form streams which in turn converge into mighty rivers supplying millions of people with water. Crystal shank is on his way to the National Parks headquarters. During the drive he struck by the extent to which human activity has changed the environment. The many cows are just one indication. The once clear water is stained brown by this oil its washing away. Because in your confused we dont see human influences here large numbers of livestock with massive over use of the land on which the roshan caused by trample and grazing over there is also erosion caused by the water behind me are nonnative eucalyptus trees the landscape is totally changed and in very poor conditions and to stop this. Ethiopias wealth of nature disappeared from here a long time ago many children dont know their country any other way. As often happens the weather in the mountains is about to change. Hail storms in the ethiopian highlands. The landscape has been consistently damaged by humans and extreme weather like this only makes things worse. Thus visited this year just like peoples future is being washed away on foot we associate ethiopia with drought and they are in conditions and those are on the increase but huge downpours are washing away the topsoil which is so important for agriculture so its getting harder and harder for people to farm but its most at the same time of the population is growing because that greatly increases the risk of people not being able to stay where they are not all that means they will be forced to migrate and those who make the youngest. The. Cost of shank continues on his way into the National Park the wind. And men who work as rangers are waiting for him the director of the frankfurt Zoological Society offers them encouragement and now we have to protect it and you are in the front line of. It most of the staff come from the surrounding villages they work here because there arent many other Jobs Available and forcing the parks regulations often means coming into conflict with their neighbors. The frankfurt Zoological Society is aware of the challenges the Global Organization provides the ethiopian authorities with Financial Support it also helps with the management of large scale wildlife sanctuaries. To the ballet National Park is just under 2500 square kilometers there are a few roads and the rangers often patrol the reserve on horseback and. In. This group of mounted rangers say that cows have been spotted in the middle of the park even though thats not allowed. The animals need to be rounded up. On. The ethical when i you know even situations like these can easily escalate. Or the grammys under ethiopia seem such a peaceful country but theres quite a lot of conflict violent disputes are not uncommon at all theres a strong conflict between using resources and the need to protect this department because it is in part to ships in the work is dangerous and by no means easy but its also extremely important and thats why the frankfurt Zoological Society finances the patrols equipment and operations. The parks wildlife often has to tolerate domesticated visitors this time horses are grazing alongside mountainy alice. As reported there are also cattle on the plane. The domesticated animals have to be captured this happens time and time again. The rangers skillfully herd them together there are even a few sheep. In. The livestock compete with wild animals for food they can also transmitted diseases. The intruders are not harmed just rounded up the cattle and sheep are extremely valuable for their owners the aim is to find an amicable solution for everyone. The rangers take the animals to a pan their owners can collect them after they pay a fine. Customs shank has arrived 1 in the morning i want to. Put. What ive got to the animals are still waiting to be reclaimed and im sorry. The livestock owner 1st has to pay his fine though it isnt too expensive. In the coastal shank and the staff do their best to explain why the park rules should be followed or fought for your children as well and also that is the conflict we are in now look at the been of the other negative money we dont get any benefit from the parcel the only benefit is that we use water from the park i mean your data ok its important for the next generation but right now i dont get any benefit from. Article many of us would get on fido to get another one to. Play the farmer is finally able to collect his animals this time everything went smoothly but others arent always willing to comply. Grammar often in this way the next product we have just heard a farmer saying we dont get any benefit from the park because the benefits arent there are sort of all the old they might only become clear decades from now when the forest is gone and the water rushes through taking all the soil with its washed me because thats what makes this so difficult at the end of the day theres no easy solution because once on its kind of cool to lose a. Little. On balis high plateau hosts of lush flame flowers cover the ground. Its also home to Something Else an extremely rare animal. The ethiopian wolf. Its the worlds rarest species of canada. There are now only around 500. 00 ethiopian wolves in the wild roughly half of them in ballarat the National Park has become the bastion for the survival of the species. In the end the animals were once widespread in the ethiopian highlands but theyve had to withdraw from humans more and more today they live and hunt at an altitude of 4000 metres they cant. Retreat any higher and large tracts of the country have become virtually uninhabitable for the. Rodents are the wolves preferred prey and there are some splendid specimens up here like the giant mole rat which can weigh up to a kilogram. Ethiopian wolves hunt alone. But even up here in this remote part of our planet they still and counter domesticated animals. Because the wolves arent interested in cattle they dont come into conflict with the herders. But where there are cattle there are also dogs and they can transmit diseases like rabies. One of the biggest problems the Park Administration has to deal with is the illegal settlements springing up in these last protective forests. The village of free iraq is located in the middle of the National Park the 1st touch here were tolerated but then people continue to build despite a ban on further expansion. Today reroute is a large permanent settlement around 500 families live here and it continues to grow. The welcome here isnt nearly as warm as it usually is in ethiopia has cost of shang wants to know how people today feel about the sanctuary. City dont need to look at it on a limb of what were doing many things for the future kind of case and out the money why does you know what we dont get anything for our future from the park that ruin their view of the video and in the conservationist wants to know more about the communitys needs. We need a better infrastructure like clean water and electricity. Even if the dangers of environmental destruction are known there are simply more pressing concerns for people here problems that need solutions today the benefits of keeping forests intact may take decades to be felt there was a lot of convincing to be done. Along. People frank for people conservation people and we have to find solutions. For the people and for the forest but its very clear. The mood remains tense even though such discussions are vital because everyone here depends on a functioning ecosystem a system that provides clean water and keeps the soil in the fields. Because stuff shank now wants to get a report on the situation in the lowlands he goes to visit the head of the bonnet Mountain Conservation project. And. Nettles immediately explains how critical the situation is in the lowlands he has video from the border area between Southern Ethiopia and somalia this huge region is home to 12000000 people who are dependent on water from the ballad mountains but more and more often the water isnt flowing. Livestock can survive long periods of drought and when the animals die people lose their source of food and income the rural population is being hit hardest some river beds are bone dry. Several factors are at play environmental degradation Climate Change and constant population growth the overall. Still it is that people can no longer feed themselves. Living on because they become dependent on help from the outside and when people no longer have enough to live on theyre forced to leave. Neumont for this comes on the high mart one likes to leave their homeland but whats happening here is the start of a huge migration flow that could reach as far as europe so investments in conservation and in the mountains water system is vital its a much better investment than having to face big problems later on in the form of huge waves of refugees the 2nd. In order to stay people need prospects and they cant be founded on the destruction of nature. One such opportunity is growing coffee the plant flourishes amid the alpine forests. The wild growing coffee plant originates in ethiopia no wonder the country has a long coffee drinking tradition its always prepared fresh and instead of a quick cup on the go theres an elaborate ceremony involved. From Ethiopia Coffee conquered the world today its an Industry Worth billions but farmers here dont see much of the profits. Me in. Any store and you know the whole policy i buy coffee at a bargain price from a Discount Store in europe only a tiny part of the money goes to the coffee farmers its important for coffee farmers to be paid a decent price was otherwise they switch to illegal farming they clear trees and grow coffee in the National Parks like here in the mountains of course. Thats disastrous so in a global sense bargain prices are actually no bargain at all confidential. In fact money can be earned from coffee thats why illegal cultivation is flourishing. Once again the park rangers are on patrol they come across an illegal logging camp wood is in high demand for construction or as fuel for cooking and eating. The rangers spot Something Else coffee what looks like a natural clearing is an illegal Coffee Plantation in the rain forest coffee grows well in the shade of the forest canopy the undergrowth has been completely cleared to make way for the plantation. And often get an impossible come from the villages and plant coffee bushes in the park they wait 3 or 4 years for the bushes to ripen and then harvest them but they also come to clear the vegetation 2 or 3 times a year as that has a big effect and its illegal to retain. The rangers make sure there wont be any toffee harvested here. Another source of income is found in the tree tops only brave and skillful climbers like is male abdul qadeer can reach these giddy heights he uses a sophisticated technique to work his way up using ropes that he tightens with his own body weight he often climbs to a height of 30 meters all without professional climbing equipment or protective gear. This is his livelihood is male a dual cuddyer is a beekeeper. He 1st has to drive the bees away with smoke. I. They can be incredibly aggressive. Hes placed around 50 beehives in the tree tops up here he says these are more likely to accept the hives and theyre harder for honey badger stor reach. If all goes well he can harvest from each beehive twice a year but for that to be possible the bees need lots of flowers and a florist in forest only then will they produce enough honey for him. Its a tough job but it provides an income that fits with the interests of the National Park. Todays clime has yielded 3 kilograms of honey and around 100 beast hangs these days he hardly notices them for the out of the river and this is my job i dont need the money or money for everybody involved. I buy them i do for my children for school for clothes for everything. Living sustainably with the forest can work but many people are seeking more opportunities for development. 1000. Population growth is also putting pressure on the system children grow up to establish families of their own and Everyone Wants a Better Future but how best to achieve that is conservation the way to meet those needs. And the trough version shocking but youd think that in developing countries like in the o. P. O. The most important thing would be to build schools hospitals roads and to develop markets reacted to it but unless we succeed in conserving nature and the climate and the water supply none of that will be needed. Because people will no longer be living where they live today you know probably incredible shortly. The situation in the bala mountains is an example of a dilemma affecting many regions of africa theres too little space for both wildlife and humans. The battle over the last remaining natural areas is getting more intense. Competition for dwindling resources is growing. Thats why illegal settlements continue to spread in the National Park in places where just a short time ago there was nothing but dense rain forest. Endangered species have nowhere to go. In many places they live on virtual islands amid a sea of destruction. Ethiopia is home to unique creatures found nowhere else on earth. If they were to disappear the world would keep turning but the loss of any single species shows that ecosystems are no longer functioning as they should. And the fundamentals of clean water fresh air and fertile soil are things that we humans depend on to. Theres is this guy and theres shows defied gravity. The slack line artist of. The french. Strikes the balancing act between extreme sports and dance theater. 30 minutes on d w. This is some top story stubborn rice farmer from thailand. His problem. Is creating no chemical. And his charm was. Fantastic. The students are good. Chance. 75. Where i come from we have to fight for a free press i was born and raised in a military dictatorship with just one to shadow and a few newspapers one official information as a journalist i have worked all the streets of many canvassed and their problems are all the same or to social inequality a lack of the freedom of the press and corruption who can afford to stay silent when it comes to the fans of the Human Service in the microphones who have decided to put their trust in us. My name is Jenny Harrison i work a day. The funnies and gensler coronavirus pandemic. Weirdo science stand. What the new findings have researchers name. Information and background into. The corona update to the 19 special. Monday to friday on d w. This is to tell you news live from berlin bolivians cast their ballots for a new president on sunday amid a deeply divided Political Landscape the front runners are a leftist and a centrist the winner will have to deal with the coronavirus 10 demick and bolivias worst economic crisis in decades also in france students and colleagues pay tribute to the teacher slain in a suspected terrorist attack and appreciate suburbs as the Education Minister vows the country will never bow to extremism by defending its core principle