What is home and what makes a home home geminis being reunified for 30 years we might be anniversary by exploring the german concept of high mountain. And. No recruit has lived in the u. S. But almost 20 years shes an illustrator and russia and a professor at a new york on school. We met her in berlin at the plugs and see Memorial Center for victims of the nazis. To her to be german has always been to feel a sense of guilt and a whenas of things unsaid as we can be for you like many germans and i grew up knowing that members of my family had been soldiers to go bonzo but you werent allowed to mourn to it now. Last may it was only when i read letters written by the brother of my paternal grandfather which were very emotional and i have to say that she wasnt a supporter of nazi ideology going for that i allowed these feelings to come out for the 1st time ever. Belonging a german reckons with history and harm has been translated into numerous languages and won a number of awards in it she unearths a story of her grandfather and an uncle who was only a teenager when he died in the war. Isnt interested in concepts of guilt victims and perpetrators but in the masses who didnt rise up against the nazi regime and thereby in able to its crimes the fellow travellers. Firstly because they were in a majority and secondly because its such a vague term there were some fellow travelers who helped jewish people and saved their lives but then there were others who committed horrendous atrocities and in a way theyre the ones who make us most uncomfortable because theyre the ones we most identify with. Norcross takes over readers on a journey into her familys past starting with her own experience of facing hostility as a german. And the shame she felt the 1st time she met a holocaust survivor in new york she put on an accent to cover up her german news. And the growing urge she felt to investigate her own familys role in the war. Whenever she visited germany she would trawl through flea markets on the hunt for clues to the past photographs postcards documents anything that gave her insight into the nazi era and help to understand what it means to be chairman today. Its been. Grew up with german culture course. I was raised in germany i grew up speaking german and of course that gave me a very deeply rooted understanding of whats gone there even though i live in the us and these days im more at home there than i am in germany when i visit germany i would never refer to the us as home. Even though its where most of my friends are. Because to me home is closely tied to my childhood home a. Place that defined you at an early age. To me thats an important part of the concept of tired of homework because. Nora talked to her family and collected everything she could find from letters to School Exercise books that once belonged to her uncle to her horror one of his essays was titled the jew as a poisonous mushrooms testaments to the nazis racist ideology and how it infiltrated the classroom. She collected everything she found in a sort of scrap book juxtaposing the stories she heard and the documents she found with her own illustrations inspired by family nor such as the moment her fathers family was informed of the death of the firstborn son franz carr was 18 when he was shot in italy describes a conversation with her fathers cousin how memories came pouring out of her like ice melting. Home as she discovered is not necessarily something positive its a concept in extra quickly tied up with the responsibility that we all have as inheritors of our countrys pasts. There because. The term. Home changes as Society Changes and in the course of time everybody should be able to decide for themselves what it means. That was the reason why the book was called in germany before its a loving attempt to reach out to. But at the same time its a commitment to keep examining the past and commitments also as our. Own says nora krug means carrying the burden of history but its also a longing for songs landscapes the bits and pieces of a life its both terrifying and wonderful. In berlin theres still one Original Section of the girl and while remaining i knew it personally from my days of east german border guard i was 18 at the time and had pledged to oath to defend my communist homeland but after a few months i refused to perform Armed Service was demoted and experienced the fall of the wall locked up in the barracks i hated to walk yet i also hated the frenzy that followed the shift from one contrived homeland to another being essentially the next was something i considered wrong and dangerous and jet even after 30 years of a reunified germany im thrilled that a piece of the war is still standing. A friend of mine urban archaeologist startled concer after to tell terse about it. And for months since the summer able sense that this is a bit of a special place i think thats true though it has a kind of aura folks come here and feel like theyre intruding on something im just like now they ask where can i see the wall and i tell them this is the real war and theyre like ah ok people are always seeking authenticity and then comes where is based and where is west because no one can really notice or imagine that anymore and the kind of as a man in question. Was what is it about the wall that interests you have more of these interests im interested in urban history. And in everything that also has an impact on society. And theres nothing more blatant than a physical barrier that divides a society. These days people no longer talk about its reunification healing the scars of division it didnt take long for disillusionment to set in former east germans were to take part in the free market but not have a share that just 5 percent of east germany stayed on property sold off by the tri hand agency went to east germans at the same time east germany was officially branded as an illegitimate state a dictatorship robbing people of the former homeland. And. Being robbed of your homeland is such a loaded concept. That you know i see it more as a negation of your experiences your memories of your past. That deprives you of your existential need to find your place in the world maybe thats something connected with homeland being robbed of your very existence and then its the tenants but. Then 16 years later germany was awash in flex in the east and west north and south of the world cup truly united the country which was caught up in football fever. Yeah that was cool. Yeah 2000 and see if you will have germany flags in their cars. And yeah i went to university with the germany flag painted on my face but then i also went there sporting the turkish flag value and my professor from the saddle and came to me see even with anger you cant be for germany one day in turkey the next you have to choose you cant be for one sometimes and then for the other and when i said sure you can he got all huffy and thats what i mean with love for your homeland its possible and its enriching its not a burden to love more than. One homeland and its not just about nationality its also about specific. Flags have never made me feel patriotic to me homeland has more to do with the landscape in which i find peace the aroma of pumpkin soup cooking and fire pits in the yard of the sound of folk songs of the many things i love about my home none are political why germany needs a Home Ministry remains unclear to me how my Homeland Ministry isnt a nice way of uniting it so i know this unity thing german unity i think this word has to go i mean why does the. Most basic. Why do we have to me is the single entity id rather we have affection the german affection. Perhaps the wall is a good projection screen for that a symbol of the possibility for change the way of encouraging people to define for selves what they call home or is mocked him or not but i still like the war too much i like the balsam yes for me its a symbol of something positive. Yes namely that nothing stays the way you think it will nothing lasts forever and fundamental skepticism over everything is always judicious. Thats a super statement but really. This respect the wall is a real piece of home to me taught me to doubt things but to overcome including contrived ideas about my homeland. 2 at the n. S. C. Trial in munich in 2018 to be out of shape was convicted for her involvement in 10 murders for over 5 years the terror group known as the National Socialist underground went on a murder spree targeting immigrants all the men killed had lived in germany food lives yet their new home betrayed them. The trial is a central theme in his life and work. Writer and director one who researches germanys dark side for years callus has been studying the n. S. U. And waiting his way through thousands of pages of trial transcripts with terrifying results. The respect that this anasuya complex didnt dissolve but instead migrated security apparatus. To look out for hidden fire rights networks. In 2014 callus wrote a play called deal for the gap about the n. S. C. Bomb attack on quote strasser in cologne it starred actors and local residents of turkish origin for a long time the Police Suspected them of being behind the bombing the victims were treated like perpetrators thats a veneman the play callous also shows that the murders exacted yet another victim germanys open and largely tolerant society. Knows that he or his own father could have been targeted by the end as you so he holds up a mirror to his home born in germany callouses the. I have an armenian father and a jewish mother who both immigrated to germany from turkey callous and self is a german citizen and yet. It is often certainly a quest but in exploration of the question ive asked myself what does this word high might hold really mean to me what pilots have brought me here. I mean land of the fathers but the wrong place for callous. Is should it be us from on this fathers day. I sat in my fathers ashes and down the hell of this toyed with the blows them on to the shrubs and bushes once the ashes settled around for their enlisting i was of the rocks which surround me my father asked hold out but i do not believe what you need to hear. Not in armenia. But in bielefeld this is where he belongs where callus was born worked as a bouncer and almost ended up in the wrong crowd but he wrote about his experience his autobiographical novel was angry and fierce and helped him liberation self from his family from his roots in the woods. In the as a soup. Kitchen is enough. For a lot of them were saw it as a burden. A rock solid struggle to carry as a young person at the right of this album i wanted to rip myself it. Was actually. Callous studies writes plays and directs in berlin stuttgart cologne dresden challenging stereotypes and defying expectations in his work he takes a keen critical look at german culture and society and because he regularly receives hate mails and Death Threats sometimes his premieres take place under Police Protection he keeps fighting for precisely this reason i. Do because the craft is now a driving force is the fact that what surrounds me is wrong that. Im still up against fraud and tired of mists. I stop working now so i leave room for them. And and but since i see myself as a soldier in a battle you know them coming from. A battle with the right wing extremist threat that still growing in germany neuron darva callous for him identity and home are questions with no clear answers. I will return and settle i will mix like a parasite in a society that i didnt say to us i will be a hero if people want to seem like a hero and a role model if necessary and for a cautionary tale if i must up slickness reason because that was. My feeling of homeland is at its strongest what im sitting on a plane or a high speed train when im moving. In not of course theres an internal story images my own roots there is some beautiful landscapes in the east the skies of metal to ring in forest all of that is homeland but its also tied up with the bitter struggles i experienced in east germany theres no 2 ways about it. We had a community that in the scope of us frequently asked to participate in discussions and especially now in celebration of the 30th anniversary of german reunification. And. Weve become experts trivializing east germany or interestingly this 3 younger generations do it publicly although they have no experience of dictatorship. Thats really intriguing. In the west the 68. 00 generation demand as an open discussion about the Holocaust Victims and that the victims be rehabilitated. One obvious question for me is why todays young generations have clearly over identified with their parents and dont see east germany history as a history of dictatorship that. Was born addressed and grew up again as the daughter of loyal communist party member father was officially the head of a socialist youth club but worked undercover as a starting agent holding 8 different identities it was also a man who brutally justifies his children. Ran away at the age of 14 becoming one of the countrys top female sprinters like many of her fellow athletes she was secretly subjected to doping only later did she find out just how heavily. She studied german fled the g. D. R. In 1989 and continued her studies in the west. After receiving teaching assignments she became a professor and writer focusing on the issue of coming to terms with the east german past. I think this idea of german unity and with all the happiness and pride that it was a peaceful revolution it clearly made us a match and in the east and the west that things would be a little easier. Life that would be and i find it specially right now it would be good for east germans to to recognize what a tough journey its been getting rid of the dictatorship also an internal one within our collective social science we underestimated the heavy traumatic toll of such a long dictatorship. That we havent even got to the stories of the victims yet the opposition in her book which translates as contested zone was published in 2019 interweaves contemporary history with that of her own family analyzing the reasons for xenophobia and with anger at the state originates in eastern germany on average the right wing populist party has twice as many voters in the east as in the west. The east wanted to get rid of their dictatorship wanted to be free wanted to be a United Country along with other germans. Up. Now there are many who feel left behind humiliated we could even say colonized but on the contrary we are in another new phase now we in the east have to decriminalise ourselves. What emerges from that can be pretty potent. For any the fall of the berlin wall and 989. 00 was a joyous experience that has to do with her own history of course but she hopes that a civilian will be part of the positive narrative of all people in germany both west of the east you miss it we dont have to become artificially homogenous but we need to find our way out of a negative mindset i say increasingly why shouldnt east germans win the Nobel Peace Prize yes they ought to receive this external knowledge under their historic achievement so that they can finally appreciate it in tourney and. In search of europe in a new exhibition 22 photographers with the last kreutzer agency look at the continent from 22 angles exploring questions about identity about past and future the results are highly political and very private. In a borderless europe what exactly does home mean. In a schoenberg went to the river order on the german polish border to find out. The 1st time i thought about the construct of the borders in this way. The landscape there looks no different from that on the brandenburg side felt completely familiar. A landscape steeped in tragic history in melancholy. The people who live here were forcibly. After the war and originally came from a completely different part of the country. For decades it was incredibly difficult for them to become attached to the region to feel at home there because they were always afraid of being displaced again. You can see that a bit when you drive through the region some of the villages are a little. Portraits of young people from a german polish Community Project that expresses a deep yearning for roots. Of you know porn a guy i think the idea of home plays an Important Role in paul and they are much more attached to home. And of course its true that nationalism is on the rise. And that its fueled by fears of a global ization before. And the loss of national identity. And open europe and idealistic project thats lost much of its sheen many countries of reinforcing borders and retreating into themselves the rise of nationalism is a topic that has been i who felt also tackles these and there see this tendency which is very strong in europe right now that it was a very serious threat yet at 1st very interesting very bigger to wonder if i myself feel any sense of nationalism or at least peterson and i began thinking about where i come from i mean for. Born in norway explores what connects him to his origins he photographs the life of his great uncle. Who will probably die in the same town he was born in a completely different life to i call his own he left the town when he was to. See this country have always drawn to it time and time again and to me its one of many homes. Its possible to have multiple homes. So its important can you have multiple homes doesnt that go against the very idea how many roots can take root. Which is contained in the idea of home thats sometimes too much as i think of gotta go the old. To load out totally overwhelmed before thats why i prefer to talk about. The. Pitches depict an ambivalent relationship can find. Moments it against the vastness of the landscape. When i am always i realize that for me it is also about saying goodbye maybe even disillusion it. Sounds negative but its not meant to be. If you strip away allusions then you see more clearly for me its kind of a burden that you have to remember the size and idealized place of origin so for me feels very much like a liberation from. An idea thats always shifting in our globalised era its harder than ever to. An idea charged with significance and sometimes. The problem is that the focus so heavily on this idea of home has in fact can be something quite wonderful it can be custom dialogues. And unique next. Its great that in europe we have this unity in diversity. I had in a few. Perhaps essentially home is about belonging and we all want to belong and that since its an idea that unites us. And. 30 years of unified germany 5 approaches to the concept of home goodbye and off it isnt from 21. 00. To a. Koan. Shift goes on a virtual trip back to. The. Escape tunnel bus tours through. Experience it all it. All meant to reality. Look time travel. Shut. Down 15 minutes on t. W. That daytime job is a village. But they have a sideline as. Elements of. The couple are a breath of fresh japanese costume challenge. For. The 30 minutes doug. Like. Mughal or just some of our food for the russian soul. To be steamed up. So many different walks of life. Some are. Oddly troubling but all of them come straight from the heart to its former c. E. O. Even when theres no money dilution the mushroom into coming. From the 1st glimpse of the love to their final resting place the russians are g. W. Documentary. Why did this person. There are many. There are many reasons. Must be done. Make up your own mind. W. Make. This is the w. News live from the us president. Speaks from the hospital always being treated for covert 19. I came here wasnt feeling so well i feel much better now part of me all the way back and have to be back. He also says he still faces a critical next 2 days in his personal fight against the thrown of others also coming up francis says unbridled capitalism is failed people in the way off the