And beethoven is for. Beethoven is for everyone. Beethoven 2022 the 50th anniversary here on d w. Its the worlds 3rd largest industry but that was before the cove in 1000 pandemic brought tourism to a screeching halt. Thats been especially hard for europe the worlds number one travel destination in years past tourism brought regular surpluses to european budgets. Border shutdowns or restrictions have shown just how many jobs are dependent on foreign visitors and its not Just Airlines and Tourism Companies but also hotels cafes and businesses all dependent on bustling travel. But with the full coffers of the past also growing tensions across europe higher living costs gentrification and frustrations for locals in many cities like here in barcelona but also venice and amsterdam. Ever bounce back to its pretend to make highs and could this extended offseason be an opportunity to rethink travel for the future. Hello and welcome to. M c. Its good to have you with us. Maybe a double edged sword for europe but the pandemic has reminded the continent just how important the sector is for its economy especially for jobs john Philip Schultz brings us this report from Spains Canary islands while the season is coming to an end in most of europe the real action is just beginning on the spanish. Italian. Has lived here for 15 years she runs a Kite Surfing School after months of restrictions shes now hoping for vacationers but some tropical climate here is pleasant in the colder months and its nearly always windy. I hear. We have a lot of. Not like its. More like asking for information how the situation is looking but i know there are a lot of people from all over europe interested in coming here and i hope it can be possible for everybody because its far less optimistic he runs a Small Country Hotel in the interior of the island the restaurant is doing reasonably well but he says the Hotel Business has collapsed because for months people all over the world have been warned against travel to spain he has already had to let go several employees on his small team and he sees few signs of improvement. They were really good employees they always did a good job one of them and. On the streets without work and without any form of support i think the situation could get even worse people steer runs deep its going to be difficult to recover from all this. If the weight of a lot about 2 thirds of all workers on 4 to ventura on live from to receive the crisis is sitting the african and south american Migrant Workers on the island particularly hard many lost their jobs from one day to the next and do not appear in any official statistics. 100 migrants work without papers in the hotels and restaurants on the island according to local age organizations and like other residents theyre not entitled to any Government Support and for them the absence of tourists is becoming more and more of an existential threat to. The island governments doesnt even try to put a gloss on things it is now pinning all its hopes on a meeting of the e. U. Tourism minister at the end of the month the government commissioners hopes rest on travel call rudolphs his governments idea on the rival mt parts of the island could test all tourists for the coronavirus and existing quarantine regulations could be lifted and i hope in that meeting and 28th of september in europe they are able to say ok all European Countries decide how to proceed to make those tests in the airports on the ports the government of the coyotes and also for the time and today we have to bodge it with the money to make it possible they could start applet tests as early as tomorrow the politicians said it would be expensive but it would be worth it if planes finally landed on the island regularly again. So the view there from Spains Canary islands lets look at the broader woes facing Global Tourism and the pain started in the 1st 3 months of the years of the year rather as asia lock down that led to a 22 percent pullback in the sector and while those numbers have improved slightly in some regions the overall Tourism Industry is looking at a whopping 60 to 80 percent contraction for the full year and that would put as many as 120000000 directors of jobs at risk. And lets talk now to Richard Weston hes a Senior Research fellow at the Luxury School of business in the u. K. Where he focuses on tourism just good to have you on the show how dependent has europe become on tourism. I think that. Probably is as a region europe isnt more dependent on the loss of other regions in the world that there are parts of europe. Particularly spying in italy greece which have become very dependent on tourism. And 15 percent of their g. D. P. Comes from from just from this one sector that staggering what does that mean for jobs they have to jump a lot of job silicosis not just very directly employed people in the in the industry but all the ancillary support stuff you know the. Travel companies and they dont treat companies that everybody does anything that might be connected to reason so the supply chain. Largely impact you could probably add 50 percent again to that figure what is that 1st at the same time you have all these jobs but then the old Business Model in some ways wasnt that great a lot of the cities amsterdam venice barcelona really chafing at the amount of tourists that were coming through their cities and what it had done culturally what it had done to just for occasion things like that. Certainly yeah some of the cities become. Successful if you like. Causing problems for the local populations resident population in terms of increasing property prices and. Because. Some places. Particular started to address this in terms of the attractant where they theyre not trying to put people off but then trying to push them out into the wider region. But he creates places in in europe which were clamoring for more tourists you know some of the new Member States in the balkans and. They were under tourist. Looks like everyone is under tourist how long can we expect things to last as they are how long this industry be down. Right or how the piece of string. Thats what. Makes it a very good question i think certainly. This year will be written off than were already saying a 2nd spike and so i think you know there will be coming towards the end of the primary tourist season anyway but but i think you know were seeing the 2nd spike were likely to get more local lockdowns more interruptions to travel more borders closing and more quarantine period so all of these things will have a negative impact on on to reason that i think the long term impact is likely to be felt for for many years perhaps up to a decade. It just just depend on the progress of of the virus and whether we have a vaccine if we dont have a vaccine an effective one then that means that we will be looking forward to social distancing for the foreseeable future and of course that has an impact on the capacity of hotels and restaurants cafes beaches even and so thats going to have a serious impact on certainly the mass market you know the plates arriving heavily on tourism for those areas where theres track to tourist but they were more dispensed then obviously its less of an issue because theres the natural spacing going on between people are i Richard Quest and joining us from the universe of luxury thank you very much my pleasure. And once again its time for your questions answered by our science correspondent there williams. Doing need to stop taking medications for high Blood Pressure do they make a covert 1000 worse. This is one of those questions thats been subjected to a lot of intense scrutiny over the months early on in this pandemic there was a lot of worry among Health Care Professionals that certain medications called ace to inhibitors which are used to lower Blood Pressure that they might actually make people more susceptible to coke at 19 thats because we think they might increase levels of whats called angiotensin converting enzyme to or ace to in your Cell Membranes and we confirmed at an early stage that just like with other corona viruses the ace 2 receptor is kind of the door knob that sars d co 2 uses to open the door to your cells so the theory was that having more ace to receptor is would probably be a bad thing however stopping Blood Pressure medication suddenly can also have serious side effects so the medical advice was keep taking your meds until we know more well fast forward 6 months and we do know more and guess what it turns out the opposite could be true a recent large scale mega analysis of 19 other studies conducted by british researchers shows that taking those hypertension medications doesnt put you at greater risk of a severe kovac 1000 outcome in fact the study says they might actually reduce the risk of disease severity although that wasnt proven definitively but really i think whether they actually help or not is almost beside the point just knowing that were now pretty sure ace 2 inhibitor. Really dont make over 1000 worse will be a big load off the minds of the people who take them and the doctors who prescribed them as well. All right our science correspondent their claims there and finally heres a special flight for australian travelers with nowhere particular to go quantas is offering a 7 hour scenic flight called Great Southern land round australia on october 10th it will passengers to catch a glimpse of popular attractions such as the Great Barrier reef and sydney harbor tickets cost 570. 00 us dollars apiece and sold out in just a few minutes. All right thats all from this cabin 1000 special to check us out on dot com thanks for watching. Why cant Mother Nature rest at night artificially seeks her own way and with brain consequences. Like pollution the phenomenon of our modern civilization now researchers are looking for ways to reduce excessive light so that Mother Nature can finally sleep again to morrow to do many. Next on d. W. How does it seem modern day euro. Artists search for truth. Their mark. Is a burning issue. 21. 30 minutes w. O. Mughal orders was good for the russian side. Of the street. So many different walks of life because some part company. Oddly tried to block all of them come straight from the heart to the foreigner see if you put a 100 or more delusional. Into how come. From the 1st block to their final resting place the russians on g. W. Documentary. Made the sex go. Back to david take a glimpse into the world of insects. No other class of animal has so many species. But a german study has shown that they populations are plummeting. How do you actually count insects. The answer to that and other questions coming up. Well come to you tomorrow today the science show on. D. W. Is still a string of night sky is an ever rarest sight for most people on the planet the night looks more like this. We shipments can shield us selves from too much artificial light. But plants and animals especially insects are defenseless against like pollution we meet someone whos trying to help them the 1st night Protection Officer in a german city. On this autumn evening sabina funked goes out looking for sources of Light Pollution in her home city of fulda in central germany she discovers a brightly illuminated plane tree on the university campus. This gets me really annoying to people forget that trees have a biological rhythm to the one in the light still has all its leaves while the one next to it is back some complex up a little too much artificial light has convinced the tree its still summer trunk is germanys 1st socalled night Protection Officer she goes around with a light meter measuring and recording the outdoor illumination 5 locks is the minimum intensity required here for squares and streets but there is no upper limit. Left sounds i mean 5 the light is supposed to be there to help us see powerful lights such in the ground have no meaningful function its just a night for nothing. When he woke over them they dont. They use up electricity light up the sky all for nothing its next. Shell contact the university about this later its her job to meet with officials Property Developers and businesses to raise their awareness about Light Pollution and advise them on Solutions Nearly all life forms have a natural rhythm of day and night in the darkness the human body produces the hormone melatonin which encourages sleep but too much light during the night disrupts the process which can disturb metabolism and regenerative processes and the body animals are affected in the same way. Unlike us animals cant just close the shutters they have to live with the light. Studies show for example that black birds in cities start singing earlier in the year migratory birds lose their orientation over bright urban areas the strong like confuses them the possible consequences are still being studied. Pond in river life is also affected by life as scientists in britain have found normally water for you swim up to the surface at night to feed on the algae there that keeps the ecosystem intact if its too bright the water fleas dont come to feed that causes an imbalance. These 12 street lights have been placed in the middle of a field by scientists from the likeness institute of freshwater recolor g. In berlin they want to know how did life begin tonight affects insects. We see that the lights draw insects away from what theyre doing and stop them searching for a mate. The insects gather near the light so youd think it would be easier for them to find a mate there. But the scent that females put out to attract a male is reduced quality and an amount. Every month between march and october the scientists catch insects in special traps. On the street lights drawn up to 70 percent more insects thats compared to the numbers measured in the dark control field. But. Also wanted to know how different types of lighting affect the insects and usually they used sodium vapor lamps with a color temperature of 1800 kelvin then in 2015 they changed to a brighter l e d light with 3000 kelvin. Hall and insects a very sensitive to ultraviolet and blue light and so we assume that they will be more drawn to the cold white lights than the warm white ones such as the sodium vapor lamps. But if theres no other light around the sodium vapor light also shines out very brightly also. And so at the moment were not seeing much difference between the 2 types of lighting. That would suggest that if there is only one light source roughly the same number of insects will be drawn to it no matter what color it is so the scientists are now working to develop a lamp that the insects wont see gets involved in this in the complete option a now is to have the lamp completely shielded said that the cover comes right down over the light source said that were only lighting up the areas that we need down below the people the road and so on. That would not only attract fewer insects but also mean less Light Pollution for birds and humans back to fold at night Protection Officers up enough frank has an appointment with someone from the university she explains why the lighting set in the ground is not good. Were not so keen on these. Meanwhile the university has got the message and the campus was planned in 2011 it opened in 2013 Light Pollution wasnt such a high profile issue and so will the University Take action. Is usually good the university will check the outdoor lighting on the entire campus next year and will look to see whats really necessary in terms of safety and what could perhaps be switched off those ground embedded lights are probably more for effect so i presume theyll be switched off. And all starts up to show to true. That would be another success for the night Protection Officer shes already achieved a lot in florida right cold winds have been replaced with dimmer orange light and the trees by the cathedral are no longer being alumina. Good listening how are you so we now have these modules installed there flat and the light shines downwards to the right and left its a nice warm color and the trees are no longer eliminated. The new models developed by the light mics institute are also due to be tested in fulda but what would help even more is an upper limit for the illumination allowed on the roads and public spaces one more way of bringing back the night. How can we tell how as species is doing many conspicuous beautiful species like butterflies have been collected by researchers for centuries. To fight them and preserve them for they to generations for example collections from the vicinity of the german city of lincolns book have been maintained since 81 foresee. Scientists recently reexamined them while in their forties the area had 117 different butterflies species by 2030 mm there were only 71. Killed 3 local species have vanished altogether. The problem. They have required certain plants and ecosystems for their survival. They were known as specialists now german landscapes are dominated by butterflies species that are less picky such as the common brimstone. Seas. And the meadow brown so the number of butterflies species that existed 2 centuries ago has definitely declined but what about the actual number of insects. That kind of study requires different methods for. Research is that the Entomological Society in crayford germany have been gathering data for 3 decades the tell out inferences about the change in insect populations they used traps like this. The insects fly into the tent wall head up to the branches point and end up in a Small Chamber above a bottle containing the solution of ethanol the vapor daises the insects they fold into the liquid which preserves. The. Insects trapped this way day and night throughout the season the bottles the collector. Every 2 weeks sometimes thousands of different species of fish out of the alcohol. The labs the catch is sorted. And the experts get to work. Every member of the Entomological Society has a special area of expertise to amass hern fishes out of the flies there are more the 9000. 00 fly species in germany alone the team joins forces to identify the species the societys insect collections go back more than a century they document the diversity of local insect species and how thats changed over the years. Since the late 1980 s. Members have been recording not just the various species but also the weight of each catch. Before the sorting begins the content of a bottle is weighed. Members follow a standardized procedure to make sure they get comparable results. I have to perform every step in exactly the same way each time we have set procedures for times materials everything otherwise we can compare the results of. The society now has some 3 decades worth of data on the total weight of the trapped insects. Over time the research is observed what appeared to be an alarming patent. Theyd been putting out traps in a clay fed for many years in 1909 this spatio did 1117 grams of insects in 2039 did just 257 grams thats a drop of 77 percent was this just an anomaly. They kept conducting measurements and finally reviewed the data. Collected between 19092016 from traps at 63 locations more than 1500 bottles of insects over 27 years. They found a lot of variation from year to year but overall the biomass trended downwards on average 5 percent less year which adds up to a huge decrease. If you look at the entire period from 1989 to 26 team that is 27 years then were talking about a decline of about 76 percent. The shocking findings by the fed insect watches made headlines around the world. If youre looking for even more d. W. Signs content some that you can take with you anywhere you want to go you should really check out our podcast its called science unscripted will keep you safe keep you healthy and we will give you something to talk about you can find it on spotify apple or d. Again our podcast is called science unscripted we hope you listen and until then please stay safe out there. Script. In the 19th century machines driven by steam and power at the 1st Industrial Revolution. The early 20th century saw mass production aided by Assembly Lines and electrical power the 2nd Industrial Revolution then came the 3rd Industrial Revolution as technology went digital. Now industry 4. 0 is taking that to a new level robots people who machines logistics and products can communicate and cooperate directly thanks to Artificial Intelligence. Lets meet some researches who are making it happen. University in western germany is home to the. Team and 29000. 00 they took a 1st at the world competition the annual robot soccer world cup offers researchers a chance to collaborate on developing robot algorithms muhammad from indonesia was part of the team helping to develop Artificial Intelligence and robots the body is the robot and acts as its brain. I must say oh my name is mohammed this is you but i mean industrial robot my Research Interest is robot perception how robots perceive their environment and how they respond to objects and idea. That this robot uses a time a flight camera which can capture objects in 2003 d. Using that sensory data it can identify and estimate the position of objects in its vicinity. Mohamed uses Machine Learning to train his robot to recognize objects such as bolts or material such as aluminum and factories d. But 1st of all we need to collect data of the objects that we want the robots to learn then we train them using that data this is what happens during the training process the robot predicts the name and location of those objects. The object that is about. The robot is then instructed to autonomous men perceive and transport the objects. That doesnt always work when the object has a complex shape sometimes miscalculates its position. But if you thought is a good navigator when theres an obstacle in its path it comes up with an alternate route on its own what kinds of applications are there for robots like you thought it was developed by industrial robotics. Industry robots can be used to assemble components they can also be used to move goods autonomous lee from one place to another. Almost. In agriculture my research could be applied to detect crops so that fertilizer can be applied more efficiently and that its a book. That they get into. It could help Autonomous Cars detect roads pedestrians traffic lights cyclists and other cars to reduce the risk of accidents that accident. Mohamed hopes that research on Artificial Intelligence will also progress in his home country id like to see more indonesian researchers working in the field of ai were now on the cusp of industry 4. 0 which will have ai as one of its key. Ronans this could help at shell or rate ai research in many fields such as manufacturing and agriculture in indonesia. Its point is to transform manufacturing agriculture and other industries of the world over and help them become more intelligent and efficient. Because what is right why are they. Do you have a science question youd like us to answer send it in if we dont see it on the show if you look at it a little surprise as a thank you. Catalog just this. You can get in touch by going to our website d. W. Dot com slash science or check us out on twitter. The alps are a popular holiday destination. But its not all fun and games in the cliffs and this was can turn of god bindon landslides are growing more and more frequent erosion and Global Warming are contribution factors melting ice and strong rains sent rivers of mud and rock star on the slopes how can people protect themselves. Summative the hopeful the mountain in the alps will soon collapse into the valley scientists at munichs Technical University want to pinpoint exactly when it will happen and warn people in the vicinity as quickly as possible yeah far predicted her kick start the mountain is moving quickly and we might see rockslide soon were planning to monitor this something that happens to see how good our forecasts are could we give a useful warning 3 days in advance and reports are good for have as we just saw. A mormon. When speeds are high access is difficult and its all a bit dangerous pursuit if youre looking. At. A large section of the southern summit is threatening to break off and tumble down more than 1000 meters. New cracks have formed some of them more than 100 meters long. The most striking is a huge crevice so wide a truck could drive through it its growing by 0. 4 millimeters every day that might not sound like much but its very fast for a mountain. Michaud cutter and his colleagues have already installed some sensors meanwhile theyve broken. Today the weather is good so theyve come to repair the instruments but. I say this is that i want to spawn this right now this is the most exciting crevice though its quite small it emerged in 2014 i can see 15 meters down right here but if you look from the rock face its more than 100 meters deep. We put these sensors in here which can measure the gap to 100. 00 to the millimeter but a Lightning Strike charge of the sensors this one is broken too so were going to try and fix Actions Prove maybe we dont often agree. With. New senses need to be installed on the other side to. The senses measure the distances in the crevasse record every change and send the data back by radio. The big crowd is next. To their eyes are you ready im going to throw the rope down now. The crevice has been expanding so rapidly that the upper edge tipped backwards and bent the sensor rubs the chain have to climb down and reinstall them they reckon that if all the cracks and crevices were to break open at the same time up to 260000 cubic meters of rock could fall into the valley. Geyser thats huge a one cubic metre rock fall is enough to block a ravine or a road thats the usual size so 260000 cubic meters would be huge there would be clouds of dust for hours it would probably take quite a while and be insanely loud. The dust cloud would be visible across the horn and probably cover everything but it would be a major event. To get. A similar rock fall took place in august 2017 on the pits in the swiss alps. Around 3000000 cubic meters of rock broke off its northeast track. 8 hikers were killed in the rock slide a massive river rough modern granite swept more than 6 kilometers across the valley before striking the village of bondo. The village of him to horn back in austria at the foot of the hole for go is not likely to be hit by a rock slide but mudslides afterwards could wreak havoc here too. The scientists hope that their Continuous Monitoring will allow them to warn the residents and any hikers in the area in good time. These plastic rods contain distance senses that expand and contract to monitor the size of the crevice as it grows. That data is then transmitted to the valley. If the southern flank of the hopeful go collapses that would also affect the northern side in germany there are no villages here but there is a popular hiking trail. As a bend of that cliff suddenly collapses the entire summers will be destabilized more rockslides will be the result its going to come to i dont want to do its. Nothing and made land and the manipulation also monitor the area with a drone. Its good lets focus on the summer shoots are. Good but good to the photos you steered as smoothly as you can. Flurry and major takes photos with the drone camera which he uses to make a 3 d. Graphic image that is accurate to within one or 2 cent. To meet is this allows them to detect cracks or to centimeters in when. Their research is also take the opportunity to test different monitoring techniques. Back at the large crevice Michelle Cottle atta and his team i mean stalling the sensors. Thats easier said than done. And. This is the problem theyre struggling to attach the devices. Its hard work theres about 20 kilos of tension on this. Earth and. You have to be very careful the cliff walls are crumbling you need to check carefully because you can easily lose your grip. On all of this is a bit. Of. Everything ok. But then it works. Yes all. By nightfall theyve installed all the sensors another step forward in warning nearby residents and hikers of an impending rock slide. Was. Thats all for this weeks edition of tomorrow today the science show on d w. Well be back next time with more hot topics from the world of science and technology. Until then stay healthy im curious. The im going to. Keep. Them. On the frontline. Cut. Anything. I am. From. Money or as a. Song doesnt modern day euro. Ringback artists search for truth. There mark. Things up. A little as is a. Large 21. Coming up on w. R i n why do you mean. The sound of the alps and no one can or i. Like to use. The phrase is instead an outlier. Welcomes what may be the. Most im usual event of the year. The high rise concert of the dressed in Symphony Orchestra 0. 39. 00 song total. Female emancipation compatible with the brass. Most muslim women shoes their face and selfdetermination. Such as why i am a rebel to the militant feminists of the roof i dont want anyone to tell me the direction where i have stuff or not. To. Go women are striving to reform their islam with traditional prejudices. Coming from a. Strong september 24th on t. W. Did beethoven invent jazz did you do did do. Did is it was about a 60 mobile might he be to. Move. So many romance of stolen beethoven. Of course the subconscious always one thing is clear the beethoven is remarkably popular. I see a sure shot of ill be a short. Man but how would the world sound without the biggest composer of all time i cant even begin to imagine a world class one player single willis on a musical journey of discovery. Of a World Without oprah told him. This week. On t. W. This is day to believe news and these are our top stories israel has gone into a 2nd nationwide coronavirus lockdown the 3 week restrictions come into effect as the country marks the jewish new year there are fears the measures will further damage and the commie already devastated by the 1st shutdown. Human rights lawyer amount clooney has quit her role as the u. K. Special envoy on press freedom the move comes in response to a break that bill but