Home and. Im british manager welcome to news asia laughter had with us 75 years ago today japan officially signed it surrender in world war 2 even though it had announced an end to the fighting 2 weeks before it wasnt until the 2nd of september 1905 that the surrender was officially signed it came however at the cost of some 30000000 lives in asia from targeted masculine such as in china fighting and occupation by peter earnest Japanese Forces at its peak japan controlled territory from eastern china to most of Southeast Asia but with it came suffering in the local populations and death however there were also those who were forced to work for imperial Japanese Forces such as the protagonist of our next report. For 95 year old lee had gray memories fade slowly during world war 2 the south Korean National fought for the Japanese Army afterwards he was convicted of war crimes and sentenced to 20 years in prison and his home near tokyo the horrors of the time continue to haunt him. I was going to go back to career but i couldnt because there was so Much Negative sentiment there i just couldnt live there. I had no choice but to settle down in japan and live a difficult life here go. To iran or what road to hoe to the. Night hundreds of thousands of koreans we had gray was conscripted by the occupying Japanese Army he was put to work building what became known as the Death Railway a strategically important line connecting thailand and then burma he was placed in command of hundreds of thousands of prisoners of war and according to trial documents earned the nickname the lizard because of his brutality tens of thousands died during construction of the 400 kilometer long line with its bridge over the river kwai most of the victims were asian but many british. And americans were also killed after the atomic bombings on hiroshima and nagasaki on the 6th the 9th of august 9045. 00 japan finally capitulated on the usa 1st because of a nationwide reaction to a victory a while back press conference president calderon gives a long awaited announcement ive been this reply april acceptance of the pop than declaration which specifies the on conditional surrender of japan admitting to the as proud box reporters better than yours while waiting work while the east coast to the west americans billions that ive been waiting to go completely while. On the 2nd to september 1945 the japanese government formalized its surrender on a u. S. Warship. To this day the past weighs heavily on japan of course kiting. Inflecting on our past and bearing in mind the feelings of deep remorse i earnestly hope that the ravages of war will never be repeated. Though japan surrender brought to an end perhaps the darkest chapter in its history for both perpetrators and victims the atrocities of the past live on. So what shadows do there cast on modern japan jeff gangster new director of Asian Studies at Temple University in tokyo and all sort of the japan which looks of the challenges the country is facing in its postwar period professor kingston pleasure to have you on the program sitting here in germany one cannot escape the spirit of adornment if i can call it that for germanys role in world war 2 im wondering if the same exists in japan for its part in the war. Well not really i mean its something of an unfair comparison i mean germanys an outlier among nations so germany is grasp that nettle of its history its the model and it said all nations suffering in comparison japan you know really they didnt. Exuma the unfortunate past and so emperor hirohito died in 89 and then the early ninetys there was a brief period where they began to exuma that history and the archives yielded their secrets the veterans found their diaries and they wrote about they talked about the taboo subjects such as the comfort women system of sexual slavery forced labor none jane you know at 731. 00 but this provoked a sharp backlash from conservatives and they have been contesting this is tree seriously in broadleaf lot culture wars since the mid 1990 s. And the Prime Minister all day who just reside it was the leading revisionists who are committed to rewriting japans work time passed and we have bill attaining that error so this is the mainstream political dominant party you know favor this revisionist past of downplaying minimizing and mitigating so this is something that you would not encounter in germany. Yet this is happening in a country that does have it must be said a us written pacifist constitution is at least in the books against wall and militarization inure to have as you correctly pointed out sions obvious government which wanted to revise the constitution im just wondering how conservatives seem to be able to carry on with the negative of excluding what japans actions far in world war 2. Well i think there is a sort of collective perpetrators. Right so the saying is most japanese are not voting for politicians because of their stand on history right they vote on pocketbook issues the liberal Democratic Party that has dominated japanese all tick since 1955 is you know generally as more competent on those issues so these politicians are not running on a you know lets deny the history lets you know propagate revisionist whitewashing of all of our textbooks lesser race comfort women all the textbooks as of now this is not what theyre running on but they are the ones who do gay power and they are pushing this white washing that japans unfortunate shared history with the rest of asia and how does that impact japans relations with its neighbors in prime amongst them china and south korea of course im talking about the occupation of Mainland China and the comfort from an issue with south korea how does this impact relations with these countries. So obviously the unresolved grievances of the shared history continued to reverberating 75 years after the end of world war 2 so in china clearly historical and territorial issues divide clearly that chinese would appreciate japan and coming clean a more forthright reckoning on their shared history and as south korea course there are very angry disputes about source labor and about the comfort woman and so the japanese and bassett or what are you setting off the United States couple years ago in a house to the press here is priority was to remove every single comfort woman statue in the United States it was sort of one of those wow moments like really of all the things that are going on by the relationship removing comfort women statues was his priority so this is a very sensitive issue or japans right wing and clearly you know right now south korea and japan are having a major dispute over forced labor and compensation and their relationship to spiral downwards over the past year and also want to talk about but for now from have unfortunately professor jeff kingston speaking to us from tokyo thank you so much and get. And on the other side of the world in the United States itself japanese and japanese americans face the wrath of the u. S. Government more than 100000 of them were rounded up and sent. On orders of president franklin d. Roosevelt the order was based on fears of japanese attack or sabotage but it was altered in destroying the lives of many thousands of american citizens and every evening when japan bombed pearl harbor in 1941 he taketh the time ron knew immediately that he was going to have a tough time in the us as a japanese american he was torn between the 2 more in countries. That medical care for him who has started between japan and the u. S. On an example i was so surprised. I thought that means japanese People Like Us would be killed in the us all of them right on this. Time or became one of the estimated 120000 japanese americans who were forced into internment camps stripped of their properties and rights by the government asked them whether they would serve for the u. S. Military and swear unqualified allegiance to the United States many were forced to say yes but tamera and some others protested. Theres another terror got posts and from the back of the ancient there machine guns at us i mean these were american soldiers who had just returned from war and he took the japanese they were itching to shoot at us if you want to. Seen by the u. S. Government as a troublemaker temora felt alienated from his adopted home he became distrustful of u. S. News and couldnt even believe japan had lost the war it only became real when he returned to live there in 1945 despite the hostility between the 2 countries at that time tamar had always liked america but he says the issue of Racial Injustice needs to be better addressed or war with the. Very low. Lives i nor america day. Same thing with the radio not. The 99 year old has put recent news site instead he turns his thoughts to positive memories. And friendships for example that were made in times of turmoil americans once again and thats often obvious or to check out the other stories on the double dot com forward slash on facebook and twitter believe it today with images from japan in the immediate aftermath of the surrender 75 years ago all the pictures to their board are back tomorrow some of them are. Combating the corona pandemic. Where does research stand. What are scientists learning. Background information and news. Hour corona. Covered 19 special next on d w. 9 gemini with me at any time i think any place you see names the end of. Life was quite so missing along to see this to come from super. Fertile interactive exercises. Everything is online file an interactive benjamin to frame 50 w. City life is losing its appeal. To millions of people in asia africa and World Centers like new york and tokyo have been escaping the crowds for the countryside. d more space for. Many others have lost jobs and moved back home to their rural families. The mass migration has seen real estate prices soar in outlying suburbs and community the great escape. Welcome to the show were experiencing and historic reversal in the global surge of people getting small towns in the country for the allure of the big city a pandemic is changing so much. Needs water she can no longer open. Like a few weeks ago she lost her office drop in the city and moved back to her village. To collect water from a neighbors tech. Im hoping to get more on. Because everything in the city do it inside the house so theres not. Going. To wake. Her daughters remained in the village while their mother spent 8 years in the city working to support them trips home where it wasnt making sense anyway because i had to pay rent and. Send money to my kids home and also with the. Kids so it wasnt thing at all so i just come back home and be with my kids and do something here. For me and my family now the 38 year old is turning a pastime into a profession and her small hours she spreads this fits. She receives up to 7 orders a week and has already made enough to invest in an of her daughters cell powered they are happy to have their mom back. Where did you miss most of everything and the most places. When youre different. And after living in the city it seemed to offer advice many of us its on the boat being mary having. It not so many young women that are independent but getting to see women. In their lives intelligence me it helps me go on how to move and it helps me if people. Cultivating fruit for export is just one of the Business Opportunities she could explore here in the village. Since she has full of ideas and optimism for her new life in her home village but also here in the rural areas people are feeling the pinch of the Coronavirus Crisis and the economic consequences of the lock down. Cynthia is determined to persevere in her backyard shes already working on her next project. I want to think that and create a small place this small place is like sending. People off and make us so that people do not have to go to town to get their pizza because so they can only get it locally whats the political money that im getting from baking is one thing that im trying to save so that i can be able to do that cynthia tom bonnie is happy to let her daughters move to the city to continue their education but shes certain her own future lies here in the countryside. Sam brannan leads the risk and Foresight Group at the center for strategic and International Studies have cities there are a little or is this just temporary. In my view its temporary and the reason is because of course there are a lot of reasons you would not want to be in a city right now the disease is more transmissible among densely populated populations and it is more transmissible indoors both of which define cities and of course through Public Transit we see higher rates of transmission as well some forms of public transport in any case but i think the long term the growth of cities is just unstoppable or in a cot to me in the labor market now where people need to be clustered for innovation economy for flexibility between jobs for technology bases and so everything is moving in that direction and as soon as we have a vaccine hopefully next year i think really humanity will be in a hurry to sort of get back to where things were before this began on the other hand i do think the idea of working remotely the nature of work itself perhaps the reduction of commercial real estate these are factors that were moving before hand and have been excel aerated by the pandemic ive been reading a lot of people feel safe in the country or safer in the place they grew up but ive also been reading that a lot of broke remote communities and and country towns all all it takes is one infected person to enter and the disease can spread like wildfire i mean this is whole concept of safety have you defined that. Yeah so i think the disease obviously moved faster between cities initially they were connected by air corridors there were more people and before we really knew how to take the necessary measures against the virus or we didnt do so effectively you saw a lot of transmission and city so they were the 1st place the pandemic hit but for instance the United States we now see much higher rates of transmission in rural areas. And were beginning to see in rural areas around the world pretty Fragile Health Systems that are rapidly overwhelmed when the virus shows up there so its a bit of a false sense of security really people are not safe anywhere right now from the virus if theyre not taking the sort of distancing and mask wearing and other other measures. And so in many ways youre probably better off in a city right now if youre following those precautions but obviously people are returning home also for economic reasons they may have lost their jobs they may not be pay rent so its really its a its a difficult time its an insecure time no matter where you are and of course the pandemic is an ovum but but what about the next one because were told next one will hit at some stage will cities be better prepared. You would hope so this should be a wake up call i mean in many ways the 2 cities that were hardest hit by this were with china new york city and new york and neither really appeared to be prepared for what happened in cities around the world likewise you know its a very uneven response seattle in the United States on the other hand where theres been a lot of thinking about disease preparedness seem to be much better equipped there was a lot more remote work early part of it for cities is going to be to decide you know can you sort of shut things down rapidly particularly air or air transport appears to have played a really big role in the initial spread here and so. Having a plan for that next pandemic keeping an epidemic from becoming a pandemic is critical here and really the biggest Lesson Learned i think was that everything moved too slow and there was a sense that something that was overseas couldnt just so rapidly as a plane flight arrive in your own city so theres a lot of work to be done by cities and so much disbelief a lot of people believing it wouldnt hit them or affect them well what about the worlds major cities in developing countries. Yeah so i think thats a particular challenge because when we say cities its a big war but theres a lot of difference between cities that are rich cities and poor cities increasingly there are these hyper dense cities that are developing and in africa and in south asia. And in parts of china as well and you know this is going to put really big strains on the cities where already people are eking out life on the margins and you know i think what we dont see a lot when we talk about migration is that a lot of migration inside of developing countries happens from the countryside to these big cities it within countries before people leave the country so theres a lot of Development Work to be done as well and trying to figure out how to make those cities safer and safer from pandemics Climate Change a lot of things that were going to be experiencing that greater rates over the next decade and beyond sam brown and thank you very much for being on the show today thank you. And youll turn to us because jones is our science correspondent derek williams. My wife has cancer and different on college just sort of told her Different Things about her risk levels if she catches covered 19 so is she more at risk from the disease. Another physician so i cant answer this question directly for a specific patient but but what i can do is try to bring you up to speed on what researchers have been finding out about the connections between cancer and covert 19 for many months now trustworthy sources like the World Health Organization and National Health authorities have listed cancer as a comorbidity with clear ties to more severe covert 19 outcomes but as a new study involving over a 1000 patients in britain points out cancer is of course not really a single disease but actually a wide range of them which is why the researchers said that that blanket statements like cancer is a risk factor are really reasonable or informative. So what they did was split up Cancer Patients who taught kovac 19 by their particular cancer subtypes to see if some of those patients were hit harder by the disease than others and and they found Something Interesting sars cove to susceptibility they say was worse in people who had cancers that affects the blood or lymph system like leukemia or lymphoma which backs up earlier smaller scale chinese and European Studies that came to to similar conclusions so the evidence seems to be growing that while cancers in general puts you at more risk when compared to the general population some types like these with a logical cancers likely put you at more risk than others. And before we go lets see if i can but are you up with this last story the new york state fairs annual budget sculpture a lifesize exhibit called nourishing our future is made entirely out of bada one panel Shows Parents having their kids food eat out the side shows kids homeschooled with it teaches face on a laptop. Of a stuff. Im hungry ive been physical and so you can see. A little boy. Everyone very sick during this year says the coronavirus pandemic has flown to airplanes worldwide. The entire industry has to reinvent itself. Its now careening between forced optimism and despondency made in germany. 90 minutes d. W. A meal some good most complete 2nd season on the good. Stuff about the environment its still about society its still about us but all the planets on the brink we spoke to several leading experts in the field. To try. To get to slip only 0. 03 of the claim. Plate world. To go beyond obvious. That were all live. As we take on the world. Player all about the stories that matter to you country like what ever it tastes like running down the flame flame out w. Made for mines. You know that 77 percent. Are younger than 6 oclock. Thats me and me and you. And you know what its turned all voice is part. Of the 77 percent the talk about the issues. This is. The 77 percent this weekend on d w a. Did beethoven in fantastic to do did do. Did is it does a dotted 60 follow my t. P. To. Project. So many romance of stolen beethoven. Of course the subconscious always one thing is clear. He took just models of popular. I see a sure shot i feel sure. But how would the world sound without the biggest composer of all time high conti can begin to imagine a world class horn player senlis on a musical journey of discovery. But ill pay tolls on september 16th on t. W. This is the life from justice for those killed in the challis after terror attack more than 5 years on the trial begins and 14 people accuse of a victory a typo in the french satirical magazine that some say im up to is not also on the Program Death of a killer the command Group Commander known as comrade boyd has died he led the genocide in the killing fields in cambodia that saw the murders of 2000000 people he dies at the age of 77. The image that shocked the world the 3 year old syrian