Am but im still nothing with the cup and the german thinks the printer german culture of looking at the stereotype cracks that is think the future of the country that i dont. Need to change the picture for this drama they owe me goes its all about their new im rachel join me for me the german sunday w post. Mosques are the 1st line of defense against the coronavirus protecting both the wearers and those around them from infectious aerosols and droplets. But some doubt that mosques actually protect against covenanting with protests across the globe against restrictions including right here in germany. What does the latest. Research tell us about how the diseases spread to mosques help prevent you infections what about social distancing. Is it safe to travel or exercise open questions that need and says as we continue to navigate my faith in the pandemic. Well the study by berlin charite hospital has found the risk of catching the corona virus from contaminated surfaces is lower than thought thats the good news the bad news is the risk from droplets in aerosols is greater than previously thought that means talking singing coughing or sneezing can spread the virus enclosed spaces with reduced the s. O. G. Lation also pose a risk. Close proximity indoors with poor ventilation and physical exertion these are factors that help encourage infection with sars c. O. V. To. This west even of all everything indoors where theres little fresh air to start with obviously one has to be very careful about aerosol transfer it was only about. This 1st became apparent through infections Enquires Contact o. B. s brahman was rehearsing with 80 singers in the rehearsal room of berlin cathedral on march the 9th their chairs were distributed throughout the 120 square meter room 5 days after the rehearsal 60 members of the choir were sick people were infected all over the room. Because droplet infection over such long distances is almost impossible scientists suspected aerosols were responsible for transmission. Aerosols are tiny particles like fine dust particles can attach themselves to the aerosols and spread infection scientists are now certain that these are the main infection routes indoors. Aerosols occur wherever and it quits or finally optimized this can happen for example on peoples vocal folds when theyre speaking or singing in. A larger droplets calm travel far because they fall to the ground smaller aerosols or lighter and float in the air for several hours indoors spreading all over. Thats why ventilation is so important. Constant ventilation is best room should be ventilated every 20 minutes ideally ensuring cross ventilation. A fan can also convey stale air outside. The president before that im personally very careful whenever im indoors if theres no fresh air supply im very careful and if theres Something Else like an air conditioner blowing the air around and im especially careful that comes is under us forces to the area circulated like not that i wouldnt stay in that environment very long in. Sight off. And side aerosols are harmless the tiny particles are diluted so quickly in the fresh air that theyre not dangerous because infection requires a certain quantity of viral droplets also ultraviolet light renders the aerosols harmless the best thing to do is to meet people outside. And if we go from you in a quiet Family Gathering in the countryside is practically the best solution where you can also observe social distancing the worst situation is in a closed room with hundreds of people marching for 10 hours drunken shouting were going to find out thats not really a horace situation when it comes to the transmission of the novel coronavirus. The berlin cathedral choir has responded to the danger of indoors. There are persons now take place outside the cathedral. Much to the delight of passers by am. Well William Schaffner works in Preventive Medicine and Infectious Diseases just how infectious is the corona virus when and born according to the latest research. Well it certainly can be transmitted by the if born route at some distance we still think last of the infections are transmitted indoors within 6 feet but theres no doubt now those airborne particles can travel more widely at a greater distance particularly if you have someone who is a super spreader and is shedding large amounts of virus so both close in and farther out contribute to transmission this is a very contagious virus who in this case is a superstar to someone whos not wearing a mosque. Almost certainly someone whos not wearing a mask masks are very effective in in blocking transmission out and of course thats why the recommendation is here in the United States at least that all of us should be Wearing Masks when ever we are around other people but what would you say to the guys at my gym who refuse to wear mosques some of my colleagues even and people out there who just say they have a right not to wear a mosque. Well its very difficult to persuade people who are very fixed in their beliefs but its not a matter of right right depends only on your be a viewer but this is a contagious virus what you do actually affects others not wearing a mask thats like driving your car where the light is red you were in danger others as well as yourself what about Something Like a conditioning or ventilation systems i know quite a lot of people are worried about that the famous berlin club bad kind of poly reopened with fans installed on the dance floor and in the toilets to prevent the spread of aerosols and allow people to party but how effective a measures like that. Well we think that air conditioning which brings new air in and gets some air out and moves air around actually dilutes the virus so most of us think that air conditioning is beneficial its still a matter of debate and regular fans the spoke festival is called Classical Music lovers for example to keep their fans folded and enjoy the heat saying fanning could spread infectious aerosols instead of allowing them to be sucked up by the air conditioning. Yeah you see there are 2 ways to look at the fein 1st of all does it spread the virus potentially yes but does it also dilute the virus and we think the answer to that is yes so air movement akin to what it is outside lot of us think is a good thing things will get more difficult in the winter when we have to keep our windows closed oh yeah i havent even got to that yet to be whats going to happen because were talking about you know doing so much out those what happens when winter comes here well when winter comes were going to have 2 problems not only that but influenza our old friend will visit us so here in the United States were recommending everyone older than 6 months of age be vaccinated against influenza its not a perfect vaccine but it still can prevent many influenza infections personal protection thats good and it will take sham of the strain off the Health Care System the hospitals Emergency Rooms doctors offices so were urging everyone to get vaccinated against flu this year how worried are you about the 2nd wave that is currently sweeping council the world. Yeah im more worried about it seriously worried here in the United States as everyone knows were not doing a good job controlling this virus were still in the 1st wave and it could get worse this winter so we need a National Plan which is not yet forthcoming so were struggling here total it will be with us it will not disappear no it doesnt sound like it at all william one last question a british study has found singing is no more of a covert 19 risk than talking it says a bone human is the most important risk factor thats the university of bristol the results as they found that aerosol mass produced rose deeply with an increase in volume of singing or speaking by as much as 20 to 30 percent or 30 times rather. Can you comment on that. Yeah im a little dubious about that study saying. Involves more volume we will spread the virus war with singing i think ive never been to a quiet concert thats for sure of. Volume looking ahead is there anything positive you can leave us with were working on that actually everybody around the world is working on vaccines we have actually is now in final stage Clinical Trials we hope my fingers are crossed that they will work and then we can start distributing this vaccine around the world my things are also across William Schaffner thank you very much for joining us there from nashville begun. Their time now to answer your questions on the coronavirus science correspondent has been holed up in his home office since the beginning of the crisis. Can certainly preexisting conditions cause some people to get sicker and that. I was kind of amazed when someone pointed out that i havent answered this really pretty basic question in the 5 months ive been doing this no time like the present a range of underlying medical conditions what are known as as comorbidities are associated with more severe outcomes if you contract kovac 19 theres a long list of conditions that might be linked to it as well but the evidence is pretty clear that people are in particular danger who have chronic heart respiratory or Kidney Disease diabetes cancer Sickle Cell Disease as well as patients who are immunocompromised or obese because many patients have more than one of those comorbidities its proven pretty difficult to rank them but a widely accepted study from june estimates that nearly one in 5 people worldwide is that increased risk due to at least one comorbidity and one in 20 is that high risk those people in particular should pay close attention to social distancing measures in daily interactions they should wear face coverings they should wash their hands often and not break off their treatment plan without talking to their doctor and finally they should continue to get as much safe physical activity as possible. Oh yes there are benefits all and see you again soon. These latest as it seems. To understand the world better we need to take a closer look at. The experience knowledge to hold. On to. The once a deafening loud summer Music Festivals. This year theyre modestly quiet. Or even silent. Is their music playing anywhere in. Summer Music Festivals during the corona virus pandemic. Are 21. And 30 minutes on d w. We know that this is a scary time for the coronavirus is changing the world changing our lives so please take care of yourself keep your distance wash your hands if you can stay at how we are d. W. P. For here for you we are working tirelessly to keep you informed on all of our platforms were all in this together and together make it through. Stay safe everyone Stacey Stacey stay safe please stay safe. What makes of ok no erupts. How does too much food affect the balance of our gut flora. As. Which animals have the most successful relationships answers to those questions and more coming up. Welcome to tomorrow today the science show on d w