A deeply disputed topic when it comes to food can cheap be good our focus this week on made. Now heres something ive heard a 1000000 times but have trouble taking to heart you get what you pay for meaning the more you spend on something the better it will be but that doesnt stop me looking for a bargain and potentially regretting it later but some sellers will have you believe you dont have to compromise my county the german Supermarket Chain with thousands of stores all around the world my colleague chris down for save us went to find out how that could possibly be true. He is one of the Worlds LargestSupermarket Chains actually its 2 chains not an easy route and they both pride themselves on that rock bottom prices and high quality product how does audi do it. Its 3 30 in the morning and all of compost is already at work he manages an audi north Distribution Center as big as a football stadium. The company rarely lets t. V. Crews come to visit this is a rare exception. Trucks will be loading here soon and everything has to go very fast it was the same yesterday afternoon and yesterday evening when the goods were assembled for distribution and keep up the pace this morning to. Front load his truck and sets off on the 1st of 3 round trips today his 1st stop is the closest ill the store 20 kilometers away. There are more than 10000. 00 of these around the world. And they wont get daily deliveries that stock rooms are small on purpose in order to keep down costs. Its now 6 am store manager and father john bussey 5 colleagues have to restock as much as a 3rd of the shell. Every morning the store opens in just one hour. I just i like to go to the gym when i have time but working here is fun and i automatically get lots of exercise. The staff tell me they get paid more than the average for the sector but the audi chain has come under criticism for its employees heavy workload and long hours. And how it gives a heads up aeration for the region in germany the stores report more revenue per square meter shop space than any other discount or. Also roast its own coffee. Started very early in the companys history it was probably hard to convince suppliers to sell coffee to what was then called the. Coffee its a really fun so they decided to produce their own Coffee Coffee is about and thats been very successful. For some well known brands dont want to be seen to have their goods sold at super low prices at discount supermarkets. To get around the problem he sells a brand name goods under its own labels. This is where the other story began in essence the 1st store its 2 founders opened is still known as number one. Mother had already run her own small corner shop then in 1045. 00 her 2 sons cottontail obliged opened their 1st supermarket. This used to be the standard look unadorned pretty basic these 2 Staff Members met one of the brothers the pioneers of no frills grocery retailing. They just lay about howard on the floor and then lot more pallets with cans of tuna or pineapples or peaches or whatever was available on the market at that time of year. And they just piled them high. Price labels cut open the front of the cardboard boxes and that was that. And i wish i knew mr albert many many years ago he would do his shopping here every fortnight and he would always take the rejects the dented hands and that 1. 100 going on until the old place came along no retailers sold goods out of piles of cardboard boxes at super low prices with a tiny profit margin per item all that coupled with low overheads and high officials see was a recipe for success. Karl until i ran the together overseeing its rapid growth until 1961 then the brothers parted ways each setting up his own company for 2 logos are very similar to you headed out of the not easy route 2 decades ago both companies started setting up shop in foreign markets between them they now have more than 10000 super markets around the world. In recent years more attention has been paid to the design of the book is getting more sophisticated but that doesnt scare away the regulars if i live nearby thats one reason and then theres the range of goods and the prices. For some things i buy at how the other things i wouldnt buy a child. Because by most things out unless they dont have something. I want to find out more about the cost of the Modernization Program im invited to an off the record chat at the headquarters of the not in essence the privately held Company Never reveals much about it in a workings and doesnt give me any numbers. What is Public Knowledge is that in 2018 it posted an operating loss in germany for the very 1st time reportedly because of high investment costs. But rival legal has more branches the competition and the pricing. The pressure of fierce. He is famous for its weekly special offers popular products at extra low prices but thats not at the heart of it strategy. Were market leaders when it comes to pricing because our customers always pay the best price on all our items so with just. At the lowest possible price. Has to rise of course other supermarkets and discount chains also customers with great prices in germany the hottest price is probably over meat pork or chicken can end up cheaper than a common or garden vegetables is that compatible with humane Animal Husbandry concern shoppers can scan q. R. Codes to find out more about the Meat Processing plants the farms and the livestock. Dont we aim for transparency customer should know under what conditions animals are bred. We require our suppliers to abide by all the relevant regulations and we check up on them. And you know we have a large Corporate Responsibility department does regular audits of our suppliers you can meet so you. Know what its doing good. Corporate responsibility appears to have become important to know what. It says it receives and answers lots of questions from environmentalists. Consumers are becoming more discerning and thats raising pressure on the retailer to show that it takes its responsibility seriously to ensure that cheap can also mean humane. Play last year around 10000 farmers with 5000 tractors made their way from across germany to converge here in the center of berlin they came to protest the governments new policies on the use of fertilizer now those regulations are meant to help protect the groundwater but German Farmers say that will affect the harvest and theyre furious our reporter karl went to see some of these farmers spoiler alert theyre still angry. Each of these combine harvesters cuts a 10 metre wide swathe through the fields of rapeseed for most of the year the expensive machines stand idle in the shed but during the harvest theyre on the go almost all the time. Trucks drive right on to the field to pick up the crop. Thats efficient and saves time for the farmer. Detail out for employees for people on his 900 hectare farm in eastern germany he may use high tech machinery but he does not accept the label industrial agriculture. Or the reasons of i reject the idea of im the son of a farmer and what we do nowadays is not industrial i dont think you can ever describe farming as an industrial interest i would call this modern agriculture a kind of solution but. Once the crop is harvested fertilizer is spread on the field right away and another crop is planted. A regulation specifies how much fertilizer may be used so as to limit the amount of harmful nitrate in groundwater. In order to meet these requirements farmers have to use expensive measuring devices. The authorities check on compliance and penalties for violations can be severe. Lover is angry about the fertiliser regulation he says it makes it harder for him to farm the way he thinks is right. And every year the amount hes allowed to use is reduced. For dummett 3 lets it go and that means a lower yield. But then the following year the yield is even smaller. We did define that yield is the basis for calculate. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer for the year after that. Yeah i think it over at all minus 20 percent over and over again you know its like giving somebody 20 percent less food every year. To get food if thats how it works our fields are slowly starving so. At some point well have no yield at all. Farmers in the European Union receive subsidies from brussels deter france case that amounts to more than 200000. 00 euros a year but its a gift he says hed rather not receive he says crops should command higher prices food is simply too cheap with that machine in the equipment is getting more and more expensive as is diesel labor costs are rising as well of course thats a major factor in farming and we dont want to be left behind. While the rest of society earns more and more we farmers are less and less were always being accused of demanding subsidies but we dont want them we want fair prices and that means at least 30 percent more for grain milk and pork then we could do without subsidies. Now since one of its. Teacher allow for his neighbor is also under pressure financially a new Animal Welfare law means he has to upgrade Living Conditions for his picks. To fund d. T. H. And his employ catarina who may keep the south whove given birth confined like this for 28 days so that they cant crush or otherwise injure their piglets. Now each stall has to be enlarged that means there wont be room for as many cells in total. Employees 2 people to look after the pigs now hell probably have to let one of them go. As is obviously going to go it looks like well have to give up pig farming this shed was built for 185. We now have 120. 00 and i think they each have a decent amount of space but if we have to rebuild and reduce the number even further it wont be economically viable like the following i cant do with just one employee what about weekends off and holidays i need at least 2 but i cant afford to pay too if we dont have enough sobs it just doesnt add up all together but if. So cutter greenhorn is set to lose her jobs as situation thats his operation to the new regulations on Animal Welfare. Theres been lots of rain lately and deter loafers combine harvesters have to stop earlier in the day. Thats an annoyance for the farmer but what really makes him mad are all the regulations but he says are forcing him to change the way he farms water when youre going to move items so far weve heard from the producers and sellers and on the other side of the equation theres us the consumers its our business they want and supermarkets are willing to go to Great Lengths to get it undercutting each other in the process what we all have to ask ourselves is what are the consequences of these price wars. Meat milk fruit and vege who has the lowest prices every cent cows competition is fierce among a handful of retail chains that dominate the global market. The worlds biggest retailer is the American Company walmart revenues this year are expected to amount to around 470000000000. 00 euros heavyweights among Discount Stores include germanys group which owns the legal and chains with estimated revenues this year of 120000000000 euros followed by aldi with 100000000000. In order to sell their goods cheaply retailers often put producers under pressure if you dont give it to me for such and such a price youre out. Its not just Discount Stores that push down the prices they pay so do more upmarket chains like 80. 00 and i think. If their suppliers wont sell to them for less theyll even kick out huge corporations such as nestle cocacola and unilever. Small farmers sometimes find their deliveries of Fresh Produce turned down agreed price is reduced retroactively or payments delayed by the retail chains tricks like these have brought farmers out onto the streets in protest. But the retailers hit back they say theres no escaping fears International Competition and in any case many shoppers cant afford to pay more for their purchases. If you ask consumers most say they would be willing to pay more for meat and milk but when it comes down to it the majority still choose the cheapest items. Scandals over factory farming and exploitative working conditions on farms and in slaughterhouses have made cheap food a political issue. Whats the answer break up the big retail chains have governments dictate prices. But that sounds like socialism. An act stricter laws to protect workers animals and the environment that could raise prices. And equitable system of production and distribution is impossible given the Pricing Power of major retailers its a power struggle and the outcome is anybodys guess. If you are like me use all of oil in basically everything its affordable its meant to be healthy plus its a key staple in the socalled mediterranean diet which apparently helps you live longer consumers love it but many of those who make the oil cant seem to make a living from it the worlds biggest all of oil producer is but the all of all farmers say being at the top doesnt mean much in the face of shrinking profits one farmer and the c. E. O. Whose family has made all of oil for a century took it upon themselves to take us production into the future. Khan is passionate about growing olives his trees grow on 100 hectares of land some of them are over 100 years old. They dont start in with this olive grove. These trees were planted by my grandfather in the 1920 s. And since then hes restructured the olive groves so that he can live from selling all of the oil he planted the trees closer together and started watering them which used to be unusual now me again harvests a 1000000 kilos of all of the year between october and february but their value is going down he said but as you know the price of olive oil has fallen a lot that our profit margin is so small that many olive groves are no longer profitable. At todays market prices a kilo of the finest Spanish Olive oil only fetches 2 euros in the country 4 years ago it would sell for twice that like almost all the all of growers in the area began used to send all of his all of us to one of the many cooperatives in the town of plenty. But with so many other farmers doing the same his own oil was getting lost in the mix which he found disheartening. I decided to return to my roots my grandfather pressed the oil himself and sold it directly thats what my family and i wanted to. Pass 2 years ago they decided to market the oil themselves in nearby. Vega and miguels brother take care of the business side julio posts ads on facebook and google at 1st they were only for the spanish market. And i had no idea about ecommerce i had no idea how to sell a product online. It was an adventure and a challenge but as a. Team we managed to put this beautiful project together we wanted the. Business is Getting Better and better theyve employed 2 people to stay in direct contact with the customers at the beginning of the year they started discussing which new avenues they could take and decided they would expand into all of europe while spain was in coronavirus lock down the warehouse in plenty fania was receiving more and more orders it was funny we just wondered what would happen if we started taking orders from abroad. And it was an even better outcome than any of them had expected getting it was unbelievable but i think i mean within 3 months 30 percent of our orders were coming from elsewhere in europe doing that with have been especially from germany. Money. The direct marketing worked out well but theyre still not in control of all aspects miguel still stores his oil in the cooperatives tanks and he needs help extracting the oil from his all lives. Tom or still not completely independent from the cooperative we need help from them to press the olives we cant do that without them and we need help filling the bottles. But he hopes to soon be fully independent again is already making more money than before the customers can buy quality all of oil directly from farmers in under luciana at a price that can compete with supermarket brands the new Business Model has already begun to bear fruit. And before we let you go its confession time for me i. Am terrible with plants so i wont likely ever to own any kind of weekend garden house or allotment but for many people these gardens are a source of pure pride and joy this week we handed our olof krieger a pair of hedge trimmers and told him to go wild he may have taken it literally took one sock and stuck this all has to be trimmed the allotment lot on judge sauls for the same check check check check. And. Thank you my for my hair gets away from my high chair yeah you gotta see its ok how you doing it all wrong look. Its you or your love i know what i want to see if youre much better is going to move on that yeah its just look carefully. You can find allotments all over the world and london paris moscow everywhere. These are this one is 100 years code i wasnt 1000 and its a pretty year so off the mall. Its. Really lovely red cherries. Sherrys. Just. Did. Some things off much shouldnt have. This. Illusion. This main stroebel. If i have to talk to eric out because of well this should be that. The democrats and kill what will you do with so many cherries and gooseberries and all the rest its a lot eat it all. You really want to know yes of course. Im a jack and they preserve us and i freeze stuff to eat in the winter this is do you know how good a store like tastes in the winter. Get ive got i cant imagine what i mean for a black forest gatto with homegrown storm breeze and cherries little course. But my huts the most important thing i couldnt live without was house by sickness going to continue. We have always saw me cutting the hatch do you think i have talents saunderson talent yes really thank god really and if you want to do it even better i can show you how to. Be often been a transaction i often walk past god its like the send wondered what kind of people are they appeal to you for sure and. Yet spotless now i know its just wonderful to get away from it all that from out of work at the office and it was dream on. The system for its so relaxing. Soon there will be pouncey thats growing over that. The potatoes or the harvest of my platters. Seems like olaf has a thing or 2 to learn about plants. Just like me maybe erica can teach us both to grow our own food thats all from this edition of made i hope you enjoy the show bye for now and see you next time. You go whatever youre missing. Grandpa so i can thank god young around here is in ghana our time going to Plastic Waste or how to cut. Your guts out there where make music like come down to. If you come to africa and how many. 30 minute d. W. One continent 700000000 people. All with their own personal stories. Europe. We explored every day life for. Europeans fear and what they hope for. Under a. W m. D t you know that 77 percent. Are younger than 65. Thats me and me and you. Think you know what time off or so 100 on the 77 percent who talk about the issue. From one point to flash from housing boom boom town this is where. Welcome to the 77 percent. This weekend on the t. W. The time and place captured in pictures. Images of cars on. The Photo Studios archive documents lives in bygone eras. And leads to those living today. They are guarding gazas past in a box. A legacy in black and white. Its 14 on g. W. This is deja vu news live from berlin they root in shock after 2 huge explosions devastate the city. The blasts tore through the citys ports killing at least 100 people and leaving many others trapped under rubble thousands have been injured in hospitals our own