Hand there are a lot of people tested hiv positive and on the other hand they treat it with the highest medical standards and thats very positive but how can one lead to normal life with a potentially deadly virus and how can we protect ourselves from being infected and will we be able to defeat the virus one day im talking about this today with hiv Research Like were meeting at the famous German Museum of technology in berlin. And you brought great news to bill and with you because it seems that there might be examination against the well its a little bit too early to say but we are going to have a vaccine but there are currently 2 studies running to see a potential vaccine might work all of them have been tested in humans that they are safe and and using immune responses and. This is looks like really good data at the same time they have been tested in the monkeys and in particular one of them shows in monkeys a really high. Which suggests or gives the hope that this might actually also work in humans but we will only know in 2021 or 2022 those results and then we will know if youre going to have a fix seen on it and if there will be of exceeding affective and safe well. For clinical studies that we normally 1st test and that has been done for that vaccine the 1st test its going to be safe so all these studies have been performed and all of those studies have shown that these vaccines that are currently on the development of totally safe there are minor complications sometimes like for any back seen or any action like for example some rash at the site of injections but this is totally normal so right now the its no vaccine but there is something called print which is the pretext poser profile texas which can prevent hiv infection and so could you please explain the difference between those 2 well so the preexposure prophylaxis this a pretty new development of preventing hiv infection and its really a good and efficacious tool that we have so if its taken daily and correctly we have to be at preventing age of the infection in over 95 percent so this is the medication its a chemo profit lexus that has to be taking every day if it seen its basically an injection that trains the immune system like a soccer team to combat the virus and comes in so its basically training on the one inside the moon system on the other hand youre giving a medication to prevent an infection thanks for now well continue to talk in just a moment and ill be back. Unfortunately we have to wait a little longer for an vaccination against hiv and until then we have to protect ourselves against an infection in other ways in 1903 an educational pamphlet was published in the us its titled how to have sex in an epidemic or use the word sex on international t. V. In this publication the term safer sex was used for the 1st time or say for sex this was the year of 1983 i was 12 years old back graeme until today there are 3 problems reservations ignorance misinformation activists fighting for Sex Education by various means. The home his majesty the king of condoms. We join him in his kingdom. In the kenya africas largest appen slab. This is my kingdom does my territory it is my icon mia i wouldnt. Want to call. Up roach. I didnt is to engage the community to have a little sleep with them. I teach them on the whole to use its bad indeed still good is from the i do the most ritual so weve gotten. From the most literal everybody we depend in for the need for one thing many people want one thing that. The king of condoms started advocating for sex and the importance of using condoms after high school after losing a close friend to a change stanley decided to start honest and open conversations about hiv with as many people as possible to draw peoples attention here is this i catch a royal out feet. This is very attractive and its also make me feel proud that im the king and im able to interact with people you know very good level at a low level the high level come into the slums its very up like to do today. In the last 2 decades hiv infections in kenya have decreased by heart organizations like l b c t health who supply the king of condoms with well condoms have helped steer these efforts however 5. 6 percent of the population still carries the virus and recently and new worrying trend has a much to. Do weve noticed that now among the new infections theres an increased number among the young people generally so here were talking about age about 15 to 24 years who are at highest risk of infection in poor settlements like kibera infections among young people particularly on the right. I came to realize that these are charting followed by guinea because the same god when you ask them why why what happened theyll tell me i was i ds man he wont call me b. He started being me then to start a new news a president man was in on. The king of condoms and his projects supply girls with green farming eggs full of legitimacy so that they can sell their crops even the small income helps young girls become independent and less likely to get in and save 618 year old lucky from idea is part of the project and part of her living with a farming pad. They dont have to print through those my new league. Smoko since sexual. Activity so that you can get some money to buy. Your food. Their confidence their courage to say no i cant support myself thinking of condoms moves on to continue he still. Mission to protect his kingdom kibera i can tell why retrieving. Is an african i want something to put a sample of people living. Here in africa the power of that simple thing called buttons. Needed to fix it i believe we need somebody who could now mark where it hit immediately maybe we could. Corner. In the 1980 s. In a chevy infection was basically a death sentence especially terrible for children who were infected by their mothers during birth today things are different the virus can be kept in check with specific medication and the ones deadly disease aids cannot break out those who are treated with those drugs in time. Have practically in normal Life Expectancy many people have been living with the virus for years some of them since birth. The fact that she had been bold knows even walking along here today is not something she takes for granted shes coming out for her 35th birthday and no one neither her family nor her doctors told that she would live this long. And therefore someone going way beyond the Life Expectancy they predicted for me were told that i would only live to the age of 4 and a half so every year is one more year that i not only survived but also experienced so i dont really. Shootin is taught to be the person whos lived with hiv the longest in all of europe her parents were both drug addicts and hiv positive she contract a different birth her parents both died and she was raised by her grandmother her life revolved around doctors appointments and heavy medication. In the small towns sharon grew up and she was ostracized not even accepted into kindergarten she was very lonely. My grandmother tried to compensate for all of the loneliness i felt there were a lot of experiences that i missed out on experiences you get from being in a group. Its still like that today and of course i also dont have that special friend from childhood who knows you better than anyone and. Hiv is part of her daily life even so she even managed to finish school and train as a medical technical assistant. Sharon has been treated for the past 15 years by christophe stefan a senior physician at Frankfurt University hospital he conducts research in the field of hiv medicine and says great progress has been made. Towards a target these days we have very many different therapies and quite a few single tablet therapies available that that means a combination therapy mixed into one pill for the patient takes one pill daily. Nowadays sharon also only takes one tablets a day. In the past she had to take up to 40 over the years she had an on her doctor have developed a Good Relationship and even hold educational events together at the university aimed specifically at young people as from someone in the shooting thats shy i thought it was really brave of sharing to be so vocal and open to give advice and talk about her personal experience and what its like. Thats a thought. Of me understand that it was interesting hearing things from her point of view really impressive and. Even in the most difficult times she had never lost heart she continued to set herself new goals such as participating in the berlin marathon. Here and im now 34 and im now slowly understanding who i am and feel more at peace with myself of course nowadays the illness doesnt play the same role as it used to im no longer struggling to survive each day when you. These days she has one main goal to simply enjoy life to its fullest. The United Nations originally wanted to get rid of aids by the year 2020 and they failed so they got a new deadline right now at 2030 so what is slowing us down in the fight against aids well the fight against aids is basically treatment of all individuals that are on the positive the problem with this is you need to have therapies so you need to have funding to actually treat everybody who is infected at the same time you also have to test everyone who are might be infected and because of stigma and discrimination people do not like to get tests that there can be so you have basically 2 problems on the one inside a lack of funding to treat everyone and the on the other hand like stigma and discrimination that prevents individuals from being tested unlike in western europe or in the United States in africa. By hatred sexual transmission and so what must be done to reduce the numbers well so this test and treat is actually a very powerful tool of what we have so because we know that individuals that are hiv positive end up being treated against. First of all they have an almost normal Life Expectancy then an individual the hiv negative but more importantly they cannot transmit hiv to another person this treatment as prevention or task breviary that is really powerful and thats a message that needs to go to out there because people should get tested and treated because they have a longer Life Expectancy and they cannot transmit hiv to another person theres still a lot of misinformation in this role and. So what are the biggest obstacles holding us back in the tree. I think one of the biggest obstacles the people are afraid of getting tested against hiv. Theres so much fear and stigma and discrimination surrounding age that individuals would rather like to die of aids than actually being tested but knowing that the person is not infectious that undetectable virus means that the virus cannot be transmissible undetectible equals an transmissible is so powerful this is a message that needs to get out and condoms are very very effective very cheap why do we need Something Like a prick the preexposure prophylaxis anyway condoms are just not for everyone some people do not want to take condoms as they have problems with of direction taking a condom but at the same time for example the woman may not be able to ask they are hospital or their partner to that he is taking a condom so these are all factors in individual might want to have another prevention methods and for those individuals the preexposure prophylaxis as an individual lies chemotherapy against hiv infection is a really powerful to think so much of this talk right now you continue talking just a moment unprotected sex is the most common way for the virus to be transmitted from person to person for a long time there were only 2 ways to protect yourself from being infected abstinence. And condoms but today there is prep the pre exposure prophylaxis dr streak just explained how it works prep is made to help reduce the virus willed white. New York Research it serves the goal of drastically reducing the number of fresh h. I. B. Infections on truvada tablets is proving to be an affair. Damon jacobs has been taking truvada every morning for 3 years the medication protects him against h. I. V. Infection the tablets have been available in the us as an aids prophylactic since 2012 and theyre covered by Health Insurance studies say it offers 99 percent immunity against hiv. Put away with using trial when i was using condoms it always felt like my status was dependent on somebody else it is a really important part of my daily routine starting the day cleaning like im in control i had the agency im not going to be positive today truvada was originally developed to treat hiv infections if the medication is taken as a preventive measure its known as prep short for preexposure prophylaxis. Is part of new york sandy aid strategy its been responsible for a complete reversal in the number of new infections. How would grossman as a doctor and activist who also takes prep. If everybody who is at risk of infection goes on perhaps and everybody who is a trainee positive gets treatment and access to treatment and effective treatment then in one generation this epidemic ends without a back see without a cure without anything else and this is the 1st time that weve ever been able to say that person really has a prep user daemon jacobs us to have a blood test every 3 months the medication has no side effects for most people but those with kidney disorders or osteoporosis arent allowed to take it since prep was introduced in 2012 the number of users has risen by 500 percent and infection rates are falling damon jacobs has set up a website to publicize truvada more widely. I spoke to a friend of mine about prep and he was like i wish you would have told me that im already positive that broke my heart so that is when i started a Facebook Group devoted to prep. Theres also some drastically needed change afoot in new yorks bronx district and hiv the hotspot homosexuality is still a to boo subject amongst many communities Certain Health centers offer anonymous hiv tests like Nonprofit Organization boom health hiv primarily infects young people aged 13 to 21 whom Health Targets its a message to high risk groups like Homeless People sex workers drug addicts and the partners of people with hiv its workshops teach these young people about h. L. V. Prophylaxis. I think one of the biggest stick my eyes about. That people have is that its marketed as a gauge but its something that can be used for everyone at all times of identity you know sexual. Whom healthy young clients talk about why people dont use condoms they like going to parties have fun and the situations happen that they dont we know about some people through the station. Or sex with somebody and they dont feel ok with because. He doesnt want to move like we were doing. Proponents claim that people who dont use condoms wouldnt take the tablet consistently either. Health says thats just prejudice its people like you who continue to create stigma and the fact that people can always come out because of their Sexual Identity or come out to their families about wanting to take a medication such as prep its the fear youre instilling in them the latest studies do indeed show that people take prep reliably even though no more than 25 percent of young people in the u. S. Use condoms. Instead of trying to force people to do something theyre not going to do and shame them in that process what prep allows us to do is to meet people where theyre at. Us aids activists fought for a long time to get prepped licensed and marketed their commitment to save countless people from an h. I. V. Infection. In many countries the situation for the patients is very depressing theres hardly any counseling and not enough medication and those who are affected stigmatized and criminalized like in russia theyre the diseases has stopped and those who stand up for their rights can get into trouble the situation is especially dramatic for infected children. The day begins at 7 am at the. Corelle Childrens Home in the russian city of chelyabinsk. Everyone knows what to do. The same meds the same dosage morning and evening. 44000 girls between the ages of 4 and 17 live here the ones who are hiv positive called. The ones who were negative me go seeking. The one we havent years ago the hiv positive kids lived in a separate area. The safe is how covering white down there were no carpets. The dishes were soaked in basements full of disinfectant though. It was very difficult to create a welcoming environment for these children. Took 6 years before almost off came to accept and respect them. Much. These days. And the minutes it is all play and live together in this unique Childrens Home. Theyre all growing up without a paddle. They know that theyre not at risk of being infected by the hiv positive kids even if one of them has an injury. The youngest are always supervised by a caregiver. The older ones know that the hiv virus is fragile and immediately dies when it comes into contact with their huge. My friend sleeps in my room. Hiv positive one day before i knew about it he said i have to tell you something hiv positive i thought at 1st i was scared but then he explained how you get infected since then everything has been fine because i treat them just like anybody else. A 3rd of the plough seeking have hiv positive parents many of whom are alcoholics or drug addicts and no longer have custody of their children some of them arent even aware that their children are here at the kids are well cared for and in a safe place they learn early on how to live responsibly and calmly with their infection they cope better than some adults. That the one time my little ones were to summer camp on the 1st evening while they were having a bath the come direct to practice had around the door hesitantly and pared at the children as if they might have for years or 2 had. On another occasion a colleague asked me you know you know what they fought to supply you with hiv i said lock him in the cellar she was confused what do you think i said just let him play with the other group. In the evening the children follow the same familiar routine as always the same meds the same dosage and day out. Quite a few of the kids here have learning disabilities because of their mothers Substance Abuse before or during pregnancy. That will make life even tougher for them compounded in the social stigma that can still attached to those who are hiv positive. All the more important for them to be able to grow up with people who accept them as they are and give them the cat they need. Lets move to the case when somebody is in fixed it there are currently drugs that keep the virus in check how effective are those drugs so those strikes are extremely effective so most of them do not make any side effects or individuals can have a completely normal life on top of that getting treated very early in infection and take polls regularly every day you will have a normal Life Expectancy like an individual who has been negative so you cannot in fact another person anymore and you have a normal Life Expectancy but why. Is researchers trying to develop a new kind of medication if the current medication is working so well one problem with the current made. Cation is that you have to take a pill every day until the end of your life so people are constantly reminded of being age should be a positive the new development is to try to have like for example an injection every 6. 00 to 8. 00 weeks that is sufficient to treat hiv infection and even in the future if youre thinking about having a poll that you only have to take once a month or even half an implant in your eye that is sufficient to treat a should be infection and that needs to be exchanged once a year thank you so much for this interesting talks. Thats it for today im looking forward to seeing you next week im out. It. Might have once been life on mars a new robot is about to head to look for traces. Its an incredibly complex machine packed with amazingly such equipment. We talked to 2 scientists from germany working on the project subject. 30 minutes w. This is a truce. Story so hard to believe he said to the fans i hear the 1970s its about building the worlds 1st commercial space center. In the lead roles of a german visionary brave engine is a fake some just and a very real dictator. Flying rockets flying above the beat. We know this is very time for the coronavirus is changing the world changing our lives so please take care of yourself keep your distance wash your hands if you can stay at how we deal with human for here for you we are working tirelessly to keep you informed on all of our platforms were all in this together and to get them to make it. Stay safe everybody. Stay safe stay safe please stay safe. Like. Oh. My god just some of our food for the russians so. We are steeped. In so many different walks of life. Some are pumping and oddly. But all of this comes straight from the heart of the former c. E. O. Even when theres no money delusion the marsh will in truth come out. From this log on to their final resting place the russians are d. W. Documentary. The studio you know is live from berlin waiting on a deal in brussels e. U. Leaders are haggling over a new proposals on how to divvy up the 750000000000 Euro Coronavirus Recovery Fund theres agreement on the need for the relief but some leaders are warning against tending elves a free lunch also coming up. A 15th century cathedral in flames french authorities launch an arson inquiry after a major delays at the gothic st peter and St Paul Cathedral in the city of knox. And