These Gentle Giants some of the lust of the economy and elephants with tusks this lauch have become brand new a handful remain in all of africa they protected they not suffer from punches to feed an insatiable demand for ive prayed. The shock to climb in africas elephant populations is being compounded by human encroachment on their habitat protection site for paper and south of the sun by centuries and. This report crisis the significance of on friday from prehistoric times to the present from the stone age counts in germany to the savannah. Africa to china and to russia where the siberian permafrost contains tusks from an extinct species that could help south africas elephants. The earliest known artifacts made from bully mammoth ivory were on earth in the mountains of south western germany in 2017 the site of their excavation was added to the list of unesco World Heritage sites under the designation caves an ice age out in the swabian euro. The perforated rock form cheering of its middle life era is a brutal with extensive caves out only ancestors to come residency at the beginning of the paleolithic age some 40000 years ago the limestone caves of the whole of fells hardly unique archaeological treasures they date back to the time when homosapien set out to copy europe. Dickless cannard has been conducting research here for decades he heads the department of illy prehistory and quaternary ecology at the university of 2000000000. Dollars all of els and other excavation site in our region have been incredibly well preserved a lot of we found bones and ivory and letters and bone to wars there for 40000 years old but look almost as if they were carved yesterday water will. Move. Apart from artifacts Musical Instruments and jewelry almost 80000 stone to. Rules have been found here. This is a nice sort of sign if im buying schlitz i its not like an ivory carving can be done quickly on the contrary it takes many hours life just so its different to a pencil drawing where theres room for error and you hear every line you see was deliberately car and if theres a navel people triangle the delicate fingers are usually all are intentional and by no means coincidental says absolutely this is of kind filed so far. To go to the shooting symbols were widespread in europe around 30000 years ago but the whole of those famous is much older dated back to more than 40000 years ago. And i mean this isnt evidence the mammoths were hunted instead its played out early ancestors harvested ivory from already dead animals. Things havent changed all too much today. Sergei go around lake is from russia hes the biggest importer of mammoth ivory in europe making him a modern day entrepreneur who source of income stems from primordial times unlike african ivory to sell a mammoth task is totally legal. Theres another new customs regulation thats just incredible. Now the form also asks you to confirm that mammoth ivory is not cat fur or cat hair cuts the heart of. It takes time to cut through all the red tape. And. Thats if. Its late in the evening now and were finally picking up a mammoth task here at the Frankfurt Airport cargo terminal. Cargo which i dont know from for a few crafts will come and which of everything might have to open the crates here. 17 prehistoric tusks prepared for sale by his russian friend nikolai. Amid a ban on commercial trade in African Elephant ivory the business with this ice age substitute is booming. Doesnt just 30 of the stores tasks in the back have all been completely restored stabilized under vacuum and then stabilized again in the pressure chamber. And then polished by hand fake to perfection and poorly at. The International Trade in ivory was banned in 1909 since then its illegal to South African ivory across National Borders but little has changed every year around 30000. 00 elephants are killed for ivory in africa poaching is a profitable business. On the black market i kilos fictious up to 500. 00. Daniel stiles is an american conservationist based in kenya he spent years researching the transfers sutton smuggling routes for illegal ivory and she descent of all goods in africa i transported the land. The controls apache corruption is commonplace between 2007 and last year 28 team. It looks like there has been something like. 5000. 131778 kilograms of ivory going out of africa at 200. 00 a kilo thats over a 1000000000. 00. Star says the assumption that banning on fish sales will stop punching is based on an overly simplistic western few point which is an Animal Rights audiology he calls it a new 14 approach that threatens elephants more than a legal trade would. It is generally a western paradigm you might call it is that elephants have Intrinsic Value and because of that that they should not be used commercially the policies that emanate from that actually looks very much like neo colonial policies its outsiders dictating to african africans how theyre supposed to manage their elephants and other wildlife. And i pulled 2016 can you burned 106 tons of confiscated Elephant Tusks and rhinoceros phones following a Campaign Funded by International Donations it was the biggest ever stockpile of ivory critics say the campaign lined the pockets of the ruling allays and that destroying large quantities of such a rare commodity boosts its value encouraging more punching they call it a wifes a precious resources that you could use in a legal history that would take pressure. Off of elephants having to provide huge legal ivory. Sustainable solutions are needed to protect elephants in the wilderness to anything. Why would women. German businessman wilfred pop has a reputation for getting things done hes a passionate conservationist but the approach he advocates is controversial but based in cape town he feels a strong connection to sit docked at homeland africa minor past your my passion for the african wilderness dates back to 1965 and my 1st photographic safari with some light hunting in the okavango delta. Thats when it all started dot com to us here in the early 1990 s. He stumbled on a tract of land in the solve a valley in sutton zimbabwe. This very unfair no an associate had recommended it to me he said youve always dreamt of building a big animal reserve someday with misbehaving in 50. So weve polluted zimbabwe one morning and had a look and it was love at 1st sight like sango is the largest private reserve in symbolically its partly funded from trophy hunting a controversial practice that he insists prevents poaching and thats an income when we europeans sit in our Conference Rooms or in front of the t. V. Sets and make ourselves out to be the great protectors just rhino its a Nature Conservation in africa but its the same time for bit people down here to earn the money they offered us to pursue those goals in their own way. It smacks of neocolonialism and its arrogant to those at the top think they can dictate whats good for Nature Conservation to those on the ground right invested in nashua. In a sense a gaggle around it is also in Nature Conservationist because it maam i thought resist instead of elephant i free then a few elephants have to die in africa this week against the shah but i have the documents that show the mammoth ivory was imported into germany and i am using to transport it within the European Union eurovision me on does it justify being today were heading to paris to a gallery slash interior design shop. The shock in the city center boasts an eclectic collection of expensive decorative objects the pristinely restored tusks of a woolly mammoth fit right in. The fold but the real profits from the trade in mammoth tasks dont come from Luxury Stores what was the. Good look at. Least in my outdoor classic trade fair in nuremberg centers around hunting shooting sports and security its here that surrogate meets his key customers knife my case i didnt cry vince who work with fossil ivory. I love working with artists and. Im fascinated by what they do. With mammoth ivory and the ways they use it. I also find it fascinating that this material still exists on earth today and that it is so old people really value that the nation that they have their child see. Every piece of burma thigh free is unique its crafted into handles the hand forged knives made of damascus steel. Most of the worlds mammoth ivory comes from russia. Moscow is the center of the International Trade. So guy go round he needs to refresh his supplies to follow god were on our way to see pavel boyko hes one of the biggest mammoth ivory traders in russia if not the world in. This store leads to his collection of crystal wright treasures to mammoth skeletons both complete and restored to perfection. Hundreds of tusks a palette up on the floor and on the shelves. Their market value is determined by their intactness their length and diameter and the state of the material so whether its cracked and wet or dry the color of the bark is also important. This is influenced by minerals such as blue ion or dissolved in the permafrost soil and deposited over the course of thousands of years in the animal. Then this is their feed him into me it takes a combination of a whole lot of factors to achieve this blue color which is why blue mammoth bark is the most valuable on the market and marked. The tasks are harvested from the permafrost in the most remote parts of siberia north of the Arctic Circle where Climate Change is playing out in dramatic ways temperatures have been rising fields who. In the ice to fool this reveals the remains of woolly mammoths and releases their tusks posed to which i found around river banks. To keep their money and to fish amid the Constant Movement of the permafrost as it expands and contracts with fluctuating temperatures the buried mammoth pieces and tasks are pushed along a path of least resistance and the path of least resistance is a river which is why you find so many mammoth parts at the river. And flows but that doesnt mean all the mammoths died there. Go out of it. When it comes to salvaging the treasures preserved in the tundra time is of the essence once the ice flows in the primeval tusks are exposed to air they quickly disintegrate into worthless fragments experts believe more than 100000000 mammoths could be still hidden in the permafrost if only a fraction of the tusks is preserved it could satisfy demand for ivory from china the worlds biggest ivory consumer for years to come. Would mean. A 2nd ivory warehouse is located some 40 kilometers outside moscow. The fragments of all shapes and sizes the stores here they might look worthless but they can be crafted into a precious commodity it takes an expert i to tell which pieces have potential nicholai one of russias best ivory graves help select the viable fragments. And. The pieces assaulted by whites. The Purchase Price is around 300. 00 per kilo. More you. The tasks true glory is still concealed beneath the 200. 00. But it only takes a few minutes work with an angle grinder and buff wheel to lay their potential bear the volume of the mammoth ivory market is hard to estimate it could be as much as 80 tons per he world wide each of surrogate the rounds ivory pieces is clearly identified by photographs catalogue numbers and corresponding certificates while imports into the European Union are documented its unclear how much mammoth ivory is secretly shipped into china from russia. Frankfurt is the 1st airport in europe to employ sniffer dogs to the detection of illegal ivory. Custom dogs trying to d. J. Keller has been trying to Police Animals for more than 20 years. Why did this dog is trained to sniff out your techniques besides if he doesnt find anything on the market we always let him find a suitcase thats been planted with material so he feels hes done a good job. Public relations director kristin mistrusts is often shocked by what passengers bring back from their travels. This is where we keep confiscated evidence snake wine is a typical souvenir or chameleon wine. This was an empty and hairy armadillo. The exhibits in this chamber of horrors just the tip of a huge iceberg. Here its hard to believe but this is an ear of an African Elephant. This tusk of a smaller specimen and slanted. Washing and a femur of an African Elephant in the final. In 2017 nearly 13 and a half 1000 violations of the endangered species act one registered in frankfurt on line are 3 objects frequently pass undetected through luck each screening indeed x. Ray machines are no match for German Shepherd neal is not as. There are no smuggled goods in this sort of luggage but she makes a b. Line for a plant suitcase. Quietly use of dogs trained to detect endangered species it International Airports and seaports would help close the illegal ivory trade significantly. Said go round it has no problem getting through customs his documents are all in order. And i mean im ok. Can i get them with. A potion of his shipment was destined for me caught my eye alias richie. Richie only works with the finest material. He is a master of scrimshaw and ancient technique of working with ivory. Innuit an 18th century while as with the foods to decorate bones and wild teeth with this method which in my is credited with reviving scrimshaw his popularity in europe just wasnt here to the folks in me to what im doing here is one of the oldest lines of work in the world if you will believe me or when im working with this material i feel a magical connection to the mammoth that lives of tens of thousands of years ago 15 years for any pieces for shiny 50 and i think thats not so on like how the hunters and sharman styled back when they were engraving and carving pieces for their rituals yet when cheats talent becomes tub lowes of mammoth ivory using the finest of needles and pricks similar to attach to its work that requires patience devotion and perseverance up to 700. 00 surprised inside one square millimeter finally the engraving is died with ink city off i often sit here at the microscope for 10. Hours or longer staring out an enlargement of a couple of square centimeters be it to the i really become one with this ascii you know my mind kind of melts into the whole structure of its for its glance its all in centric in the same way. The endangered species act bans any use of african ivory mammoth ivory is the perfect substitute even engraved it can be easily distinguished from african ive raised through its characteristic pattern of course shrink the lines. Into it it must appear that you see these crosshatching you only get those and fossilized mammoth material on what. That means it cant be mistaken for elephant ivory 40000 years lie between richie myers work and stone age ivory figurines but the material used for both has maintained its appeal. To greed for ivory has driven africas elephants into retreat. Even moussavi valley in Southern Somalia is void of elephants they have been forced to make by for a giant cattle farm. Its here on 600 square kilometers of learned that very parts lives his wild life trains coming over to the west from the hill were standing on for the land runs about another 45 kilometers upstream. And over to the east it continues on for 27 kilometers all the way over to the saab a river but some sandwiches also still on the property and as i took it. From the moment he sort of fully parts could sense this transfer tension he was eager to return it to its natural state he rolled up his sleeves Found International investors and spent a significant amount of his own fortune on the project. Wild animals are all with disappeared from the terrain when village pups took it over he consulted biologists david goosen an experienced park ranger i relocated a variety of animals from neighboring mozambique to his reserve he says his is a sustainable operation because it benefits local communities revenues from eco to resume in hunting finance as parts named his game reserve. He would also like to sell his stockpile of ivory harvested from elephants that died of Natural Causes and believes he should be allowed to sell it. Here in a fact with about 400000 animals elephants are not really an endangered species although i to find the population decline from a 1000000 2400000 elephants hard to bear. But you have to differentiate where it happened and why it happened it doesnt go home for example he stopped sustainable use in 1977 when it had over 160000 elephants it was 12 years later only 17000 were left in the senate means 90 percent were wiped out in 12 years because the animals had not only lost their value to the local population but were also threatening their meager agricultural yields thats wrong and completely different to our situation. Within the space of 20 years pops to achieve something few before he managed a revival of the wilderness some go today is home to numerous packs of extremely rare african wild dogs thousands of antelopes. Nearly 100 lions. And about 900. 00 elephants. In. The 6th sense is impressive but it is both a blessing and a curse in the Animal Problem we face in the world us human and just because were trying to pull the animals into certain areas animals know when theyre all impacting on the environment and thats a natural instinct like some waves but now theres no way to move because all these big world in a serious are surrounded by people and the animals if flamers they get killed and if they start too much and the world in us and so its a vicious circle that weve got to try and manage. Inside fenced in areas Wildlife Management is essential this is true of nature reserves elephants are the crowning glory of this wilderness theyre wonderful unless you have too many of them. This vast area has enough space for 200 maybe 300 elephants if i have 602900 at any given time and the. 3. 00 to 600. 00 too many feel and they wreak incredible damage its even that tall mopani trees have been snapped like matchsticks the ground become so rodent hardened that nothing grows on it and whole swathes of land resemble a lunar landscape. 90 percent of the bob trees some of which are a 1000 years old have suffered massive damage to preserve the ecosystem parts says the number of elephants needs to be regulated. Were happy to give amy we were granted permission to cull these elephants mixed in not as trophies ansari house so i could just call them. Thats something i really dont want to do. Im going to and were negotiating to relocate 400 elephants to 2 other parks and zimbabwe. And i hope we can reduce numbers that way hold up when you can. Part already relocated 100. 00 elephants tonight Bring National parks and 26. 00 steyn. Sango success and reviving animal populations is based on a concept that shunned by most Animal Welfare organizations it combines Wildlife Management with Sustainable Tourism and hunting. Local communities have embraced the approach which is hardly surprising given that song go directly or indirectly feed some fish a 100 feet in the surrounding villages. Elephants once roamed much of the planet but over the last 2 centuries african savannah elephants have been decimated by the destruction of their habitat for farmland and the greed for ivory in Europe America and asia. Their numbers have declined from an estimated 20000000 to around 350000 elephants today. The result of a trend thats continued since europes colonial exploitation of africa. Today the remnants of the once mighty herd survive only an isolated population south of the sahara. There is probably more ivory and art collections in asia and europe than the reason elephants still live in the wild. Theyre back aslam the old model forest is home to the German Ivory Museum and the late 19th century more than 800. 00 tons of african ivory were shipped to europe every year. At a behringer is the scientific director of the museum where prize exhibits date back to the ivory boom of the 19th century. Yet this object is very special for 2 reasons i my 1st its a fine depiction of a key motive for abyad and the odin vow to make namely a hunting saloon a jag and 2nd and you can clearly recognize the structure of the Elephant Tusks elephant store signs. By the 19th century machines could produce even very intricate objects the museum an airbag house is one of the worlds oldest functioning lights this was used to suny produce ivory pieces through the Industrial Revolution ivory objects became mass produced but not all the museums exhibits come from europe. Will happen here and this is a ball that contains 23 more balls inside i mean how bite it when these were cooled chinese savannahs were and were made in china from the middle of the 18th century for export to europe part now a whole pattern of the fattish. One city in particular is famous for these ivory smi as. One show. With 12000000 inhabitants this metropolis in Southern China is one of the peoples republic is make a city is. The chinese call the region the factory of the world. Ivory carving has a long tradition here its roots go back 2000 years. Is world famous for its delicate spring is richard turned in car from sardar freed up to 45. 00 find it chiseled wafer thin layers rotate freely around each other artisans he is specialize in a labyrinth carvings figurative militias and scenes depicting rural life. True masterpieces of far eastern craftsmanship. The wind was booming while jones she has been keeping tabs on the citys illegal trade in wild animal products for over 5 years. The last 5 come here maybe last years there is a lot of my most ivory here in this market like the whole forest member i will leave here but like one years leave her now and then theyre gone just like one or 2 here also it looks at 1st glance but in the winding alleys of the old town more shops sell ivory on closer inspection thoughts arise as to whether this is legal mammoth ivory. Some of the tasks are to watch and smooth and the trade is a conspicuously cautious filming is not welcome here using a hidden camera we managed to shoot high. Resolution video of the Cross Section of the tomsk that has just been unpacked a later Analysis Shows it is african ivory. Demand remains strong despite the trade ban chinas burgeoning middle class can afford status symbols once reserved for the ladies including ivory. But many consumers dont know that elephants are killed for their tasks. Was capital harare is one of the main hubs of the ivory business in africa. Daniel styles has carried out Extensive Research on the International Trade. He believes the assumption that International Trade been stopped poaching is a widespread misconception and one that animal will final deny stations use to their advantage. They take donations from the public through very emotive. Public relations type campaigning but some claim that the old theory or motive is that they want money and they create a crisis to get it i think its something to look into because its been going on for 40 years now and yet we have 40 years of failure. We have 40 years of losing habitat 40 years of losing numbers of wildlife except in Southern Africa where they have consumptive use why are all these n. G. O. S campaigning for the model that failed. Fine ivory inside african countries like you in zimbabwe is still legal you dont need becomes illegal when ivory is song across borders. The one the difficulty is they use it by exploiting 5 already from zimbabwe so you find we still have cover the us to a lesser but now for them to get the basic needs that tooled up for the system in their livelihood is becoming a challenge. They are doing. The orthodox way or for exporting ivory. Horowitz home to some 10000. 00 chinese citizens im from carvings frequently least in power in the knock each of Chinese Tourists and workers smuggling is the common way to get ivory out of the country. To main places that but by far the most raw ivory out of africa was hong kong and japan. In the 1980 s. They knew this ban was coming because it was all the n. G. O. S were up in arms about it. So they started stockpiling that cause massive poaching which ensures walked. One thing the other. The approaching band led to more poaching which led to more pressure from Animal Rights groups and in 1909 International Governments signed up to a trade ban on ivory after that hong kong and japan flooded the market with stop out artery all of the antitrade people say look what happens when you have a bam its wonderful prices drop poaching drops thats why we want our bad. But i free reserves in asia have synced windowed and poaching is on the rise again in syria trident ivory is currently not possible but there appears to be little concern about bans the profits a to entice in. China with more than one b. Going people between huge market for i worry. Hong kong is the hub for illegal ivory trade in Asia Cullen Dawson is british and is limited to 30 years hes the founder of the local organization Elephant Foundation and stripy opposes all ivory trade in 9 states and i when societies for this balance of play the right to consumption the vibrate at that time it was estimated that the ivory stockers should rot out in all kong in 2000 the fall yet we find this in 2019. Nearly as much ivory still drives stocks are illegally replenished with goods shipped into hong kongs port this is the territories Container Terminal a gateway for all kinds of goods including smuggled ivory it has the capacity to handle 18000000 containers per year a volume of goods thats impossible to monitor trade in ivory was banned within chinas National Borders in 2018 but in hong kong an autonomous special Administrative Region the regulation doesnt take effect until 2021 every shop sells ivory is meant to. Display prominently its licensed so i vary and i cant see a license in the window here says it can survivors and just over the way here they have a hold together much larger shop the shops are full of ivory. Also our own media well 2 of these. Government licenses that have been issued to try to since the 989 ban allow them to sell elephant ivory they have acquired before that date but only within hong kong some shop owners only have stocks of mammoth ivory at least officially. I have mostly now only man of the cloth used to serve a lot of ivory because a certain people need to leave my father learned how to call so thats how we are. We are poor here so. Most of us still South African ivory. And the thug in the window well how much is that 120000. 00 which rich nationality is buying or ivory. Or do i live overseas now and. Its simply not true that elephant im afraid is sold only to residents of hong kong traders pretend to be complying with the lowest bid secretly continue peddling elephant ivory is the success that ensures town really just a sham. Of the very much of the belief that the killing will only stop when the buying does so the demand has got to disappear. For 70 percent of people we speak we dont know an elephant dies to get its ivory and. Minute they fully understand that they want nothing to do the area trade or sort of. Spreading awareness is key to fighting the ivory trade colony tolson hopes education children can help. We go to schools in hong kong because were very aware that children get very excited about this we also feel that many children dont have a preconceived idea of what theyre thinking so they come in with an open mind open mind for discussion and we know they go home and talk to their parents about this and we know this has an effect on the way parents think. Mammoth ivory is a substitute for which no living animal has to die. Could a regulated trade uncertified ivory reduce the poaching pressure on africas elephants. Critics of the ivory trade ban say a western style approach to conservation has harmed wildlife in africa ignoring traditional practices for animal management or appropriate to the values of local coaches and imposing draconian punishments for poaching that to date have yielded little to no success. There are many n. G. O. S out there who are really really good and they work with us whether thats save the rhinos in australia its a w. F. F. In kenya its our you see and in kenya its World Wildlife fund there are lots of good guys but you know there are also enough bad guys and the bad guys to me hard to find so those who are against sustainable use which is the funding model for 75 percent of all areas in Southern Africa south africa Southern Africa. Others vigorously defend the ban on ivory is new indispensable weapon in the fight to save on offense. We have seen in the past the massive declines in elephant populations we saw poaching of up to 90 of 6 elephants a day a couple years ago because of the ramp of the ivory trade and the involvement of organized criminal networks we have to keep the ivory trade closed there is no way that the elephants of west africa Central Africa or east africa would survive if we allowed more ivory trade even legal trade from healthy populations in Southern Africa. But its a fact the bands have not succeeded in the juice in poaching so what is the solution. I went to the last conference in johannesburg. On the ground floor we had all those. Animal right tristram whatever it is i went to every single one of them after 2 may launch no args ive got to meet the elephant no answer i have a drug or whatever you want us to stop the income from sustainable use or hunting launcher. For conservation is a struggle to find the right strategies to protect the elephants the animals numbers continue to decline really perhaps says his experience on the ground has shown that in the face of rapid habitat loss elephants will only survive it conservation pays for itself and brings economic benefits to the local population. Its a complicated situation with no quick fix millennia old traditions like those in china do not change overnight and the ivory mafia wont give up its profits voluntarily. Mammoth ivory could be part of the solution there are enough supplies for the time being and many chinese consumers ultimately dont care where their ivory comes from. But as long as there are a vested interest an explosion wont lie for financial gain africas elephants face an uncertain future. Its high time for a paradigm shift in Wildlife Conservation bans along and not enough a unified sustainable approach is needed to ensure that these are not the Twilight Years of African Elephants. Feeling. Automatons made by the cross was an old spring. Clicked into action wide eyed with one. Direction as mechanics creator of great poetry. The moment. In 30 minutes on d w. S of guy you dont need to keep up that way about other people go for the over gretchen home the foursome for the most messina that we can come up with at least the bottom of the valley is at the last dragons this word has called to her. Degree but on. Are they friends. Or are they even enemies and i never cared for jeff. Donald trump and slightly more prudent our 2 part documentary and the wisest difficult relationship between russia and the us and between their president s how does their rivalry and their dangerous mutual admiration affect the rest of the world. Bosom bullies trump and putin starts august 3rd on d w. This is d. W. News live from berlin waiting on a deal in brussels its a 2nd day of talks for the e. U. Is 27 leaders on a massive Coronavirus Recovery Fund 750000000000 euros are at stake but deep divisions remain on how to dole it out. Also coming up a french cathedral in flames authorities launching an arson inquiry after a major blaze of his own his own paul gothic cathedral in the city if not. To get your troops out of portland thats the message from the u. S