Hand there are a lot of people tested hiv positive and on the other hand they treat it with the highest medical standards and thats very positive but how can one lead a normal life with a potentially deadly virus and how can we protect ourselves from being infected and will we be able to defeat the virus one day im talking about this today with a chevy researcher hendrik rick were meeting at the famous German Museum of technology in berlin. And you brought great news to bill and with you because it seems that there might be examination against each id well its a little bit too early to say but we are going to have a vaccine but there are currently 2 studies running to see a potential vaccine might work all of them have been tested in humans that they are safe and and using immune responses and this is. Looks like really good data at the same time they have been tested in the monkeys and in particular one of them shows in monkeys a really high ethical sea which suggests or gives the whole that this might actually also work in humans but we will only know in 2021 or 2022 those results and then we will know if youre going to have a fix seen on it and if there will be of exceeding affective and safe well. For clinical studies that we normally 1st test and that has been done for that vaccine the 1st test its going to be safe so these studies have been performed and all of those studies have shown that these vaccines that are currently on the development of totally safe there are minor complications sometimes like for any back seen or any action like for example some rash at the site of injections but this is totally normal so right now the vix even but there is something called pred which is the pretax poser profile texas which can prevent hiv infection so could you please explain the difference between those 2 well so the preexposure prophylaxis is the pretty new development of preventing hiv infection and its really a good and efficacious tool that we have so if its taken daily and correctly we have to be at preventing age of the infection in over 95 percent so this is a medication its a chemo profit lexus that has to be taken every day if it seen this basically injection that trains the immune system like a soccer team to combat the virus and comes in so its basically training on the one inside the immune system on the other hand youre giving a medication to prevent an infection thanks for now well continue to talk in just a moment and ill be back unfortunately well have to wait a little longer for. And explanation against hiv and until then we have to protect ourselves against an infection in other ways in 1903 and educational pamphlet was published in the us its titled how to have sex in an epidemic or use the word sex on international t. V. In this publication the term safer sex was used for the 1st time or say for sex this was the year of 983 i was 12 years old by graham until today there are 3 problems reservations ignorance misinformation activists are fighting for Sex Education by various means. Be home his majesty the king of condoms. We join him in his kingdom. In kenya africas largest up until now. This is my kingdom his my territory it is my partys i can mia every day and use what you call the. First. I didnt is to engage the community love. With them love what you call trust building and i think on the whole to use expanding did still get is from the i do the most ritual so weve gotten. From the most everybody will be depending to the need or want and need me the people want one thing that. The king of condoms started advocating for safe sex and the importance of using condoms after high school after losing a close friend to a change stanley decided that honest and open conversations about hiv with as many people as possible to draw peoples attention here is this i catch him going out feet this very attractive and its also make me feel. That im the king and im able to meet other people in a very good level at a low level the high level coming from the slums its very uplifting to me today. In the last 2 decades hiv infections in kenya have decreased by hard organizations like l v c t health who supply the king of condoms with well condoms have helped steer these efforts however 5. 6 percent of the population still carries the virus and recently a new worrying trend has a much to. Do weve noticed that now among the new infections theres an increased number among young people generally so here were talking about age about 15 to 24 years who are at highest risk of infection in poor settlements like kibera infections among young people particularly on the right. I came to realize that these are charting. Again because the same goals when you ask them why why what happened theyll tell me i was ideas man he bought for me being he started bringing me then to his daughter who lives a present this month and is in. A team of condoms and hes project supply with green funding. So that they can sell the crops even the small income helps young girls become independent and less likely to engage in acts of say this 18 year old lucky from idea is part of the project and part of her living with a farming pad. They dont have to be a parent to those my new. Small girls. I think it is so that you can get some money to buy. Your food. Their confidence their courage to say no i cant support myself the king of condoms moves on to continue his Daily Mission to protect his dome kibera. I can tell you to. Use an african i want someone to put a sample of people live in the hood to hear you know what. The poem on that simple thing called buttons. Need to fix it i believe we need somebody who could help where it had to be to be. When. In the 1980 s. In a chevy in fiction was basically a death sentence especially terrible for children who are infected by their mothers during birth today things are different the virus can be kept in check with specific medication and the ones deadly disease aids cannot break out those who are treated with those drugs in time have practically in normal Life Expectancy many people have been living with a virus for years some of them since birth. The fact that she had been bald knows even walking along here today is not something she takes for granted shes coming up for her 35th birthday and no one neither her family nor her doctors call that she would live this long. And there for someone going way beyond the Life Expectancy they predicted for me when told that i would only live to the age of 4 and a half so every year is one more year that i not only survived but also experienced often only. Shootin is taught to be the person whos lived with hiv the longest in all of europe her parents were both drug addicts and hiv positive she contract a different birth her parents both died and she was raised by her grandmother her life revolved around doctors appointments and heavy medication. In the small towns sharon grew up and she was ostracized not even accepted into kindergarten she was very lonely. I know. My grandmother tried to compensate for all of the loneliness i felt there were a lot of experiences that i missed out on experiences you get from being in a group. Its still like that today and of course i also dont have that special friend from childhood who knows you better than any one kid. Is part of our daily life even so she even managed to finish school and train as a medical technical assistant. Sharon has been treated for the past 15 years by christophe stefan a senior physician at Frankfurt University hospital he conducts research in the field of hiv medicine and says great progress has been made. The move towards a target these days we have very many different therapies and quite a few single tablet therapies available that that means a combination therapy mixed into one pill so the patient takes one pill daily. Nowadays sharon also only takes one tablet a day. In the past she had to take up to 40 over the years she had an on her doctor have developed a Good Relationship and even hold educational events together at the university aimed specifically at young people as from someone sick on the shooting thats so i thought it was really brave of sharing to be so vocal and open to give advice and talk about her personal experience and what its like. Me on to a sunday it was interesting hearing things from her point of view really impressive and. Even in the most difficult times she had never lost heart she continued to set herself new goals such as participating in the birdland marathon its here and im now 34 and im now slowly understanding who i am and feel more at peace with myself and of course nowadays the illness doesnt play the same role as it used to im ill longer struggling to survive each day when you. These days she has one main goal to simply enjoy life to its fullest. The United Nations originally wanted to get rid of aids by the year 2020 and they failed so they got a new deadline right now at 2030 so what are slowing us down in the fight against aids well the fight against aids is basically treatment of all individuals that are on the positive the problem with this is you need to have therapies so you need to have funding to actually treat everybody who is infected at the same time you also have to test everyone who or might be age of the infected and because of stigma and discrimination people do not like to get tests that are against hiv so we have basically 2 problems on the one inside a lack of funding to treat everyone and the on the other hand like stigma and discrimination that prevents individuals from being tested unlike in western europe or in the United States and africa is made by hatred 6 rule transmission so what must be done to reduce the numbers well so this test and treat is actually a very powerful tool of what we have so because we know that individuals that are positive end up being treated the against the 1st of all they have an almost normal Life Expectancy then an individual the hiv negative but more importantly they cannot transmit hiv to another person this treatment as prevention or toth breviary that is really powerful and thats the message that needs to go to out there because people should get tested and treated because they have a longer Life Expectancy and they cannot transmit hiv to another person theres still a lot of misinformation in this roland. So what are the biggest obstacles holding us back in the treatment i think one of the biggest obstacles the people are afraid of getting tested against hiv. Theres so much fear and stigma and discrimination surrounding age that individuals would rather like to die of aids than actually being tested but knowing that the person is not infectious that undetectable virus means that the virus cannot be transmissible undetectible equals an transmissible is so powerful this is a message that needs to get out and condoms are very very effective very cheap why do we need Something Like a prick the preexposure prophylaxis anyway well condoms are just not for everyone some people do not want to take condoms as they have problems with their direction taking a condom but at the same time for example woman may not be able to ask they are hospital or their partner too that he is taking a condom so these are all factors in individual might want to have another prevention methods and for those individuals the preexposure prophylaxis as an individual lies chemotherapy against hiv infection is a really powerful to think so much of this talk right now you continue talking just a moment unprotected sex is the most common way for the virus to be transmitted from person to person for a long time there were only 2 ways to protect yourself from being infected abstinence. And condoms but today there is prep the pre exposure prophylaxis doctors drake just explained how it works prep is made to help reduce the virus willed white. New york for such it serves the goal of drastically reducing the number of fresh h. I. V. Infections on truvada tablets have proven to be an affair. Daman jacobs has been taking truvada every morning for 3 years the medication protects him against h. I. V. Infection the tablets have been available in the us as an aids prophylactic since 2012 and theyre covered by Health Insurance studies say it offers 99 percent immunity against hiv. Put away with using tried it when i was using condoms it always felt like maybe he status was dependent on somebody else it is a really important part of my daily routine starting the day cleaning like im in control i have agency im not going to be positive today truvada was originally developed to treat hiv infections if the medication is taken as a preventive measure its known as prep short for preexposure prophylaxis. Is part of new york sandy aid strategy its been responsible for a complete reversal in the number of new infections. How would grossman as a doctor and activist who also takes prep if everybody who is at risk of infection goes on crap and everybody who is a tiny positive gets treatment and access to treatment and effective treatment then in one generation this epidemic ends without a back see without a cure or without anything else and this is the 1st time that weve ever been able to say that person really has a prep user daemon jacobs us to have a blood test every 3 months. The medication has no side effects for most people but those with kidney disorders or osteoporosis arent allowed to take it since prep was introduced in 2012 the number of users has risen by 500 percent and infection rates are falling damon jacobs has set up a website to publicize truvada more widely. I spoke to a friend of mine about prep and he was like i wish she would have told me that im already positive that broke my heart so that is when i started a Facebook Group devoted to prep. Theres also some drastically needed change afoot in new yorks bronx district n. H. I. The hot spot homosexuality is still a to blue subject amongst many communities Certain Health centers offer anonymous h. I. V. Tests like Nonprofit Organization health hiv primarily infects young people aged 13 to 21 Health Targets its message to high risk groups like Homeless People sex workers drug addicts and the partners of people with hiv its workshops teach these young people about h i v prophylaxis. I think one of the biggest stigma is about. The people have is that its marketed as a gauge of but its something that can be used for everyone all types of identity you know sexual in whom health young clients talk about why people dont use condoms they like going to parties having fun and those situations happen they dont we know about some people they like the 1st patient. Or say somebody and they dont feel ok because. He doesnt want to do we. Want to do it. Proponents claim that people who dont use condoms wouldnt take the tablet consistently either room health says thats just prejudice its people like you who continue to create stigma and the fact that people can always come out because of their Sexual Identity or come out to their families about wanted to take a medication such as prep its the fear that youre instilling in them the latest studies do indeed show that people take prep reliably even though no more than 25 percent of young people in the us use condoms. Instead of trying to force people to do something theyre not going to do and shame them in that process what prep allows us to do is to meet people where theyre. Us aids activists fought for a long time to get prepped licensed on marketed their commitment to save countless people from an h. I. V. Infection. In many countries the situation for the patients is very depressing theres hardly any counseling and not enough medication and those who are affected stigmatized and criminalized like in russia where the disease is has stopped and those who stand up for their rights can get into trouble the situation is especially dramatic for infected children. The day begins at 7 am at the Childrens Home in the russian city of chelyabinsk. Everyone knows what to do. The same the same dosage and even. 44 boys and girls between the ages of 4 and 17 live here the ones who are hiv positive. The ones who were negative me go seeking. The one we love and years ago the hiv positive kids lived in a separate area. The safe is how covering white down there were no carpets. The dishes were soaked in basin was full of disinfectant though. It was very difficult to create a welcoming environment for these children. It took 6 years before almost off came to accept and respect them. Much. These days that. Is all play and live together in this unique Childrens Home. Theyre all growing up without a paddle. They know that theyre not at risk of being infected by the hiv positive kids even if one of them has an injury. The youngest always supervised by a caregiver. The older ones know that the hiv virus is fragile and immediately dies when it comes into contact with that huge. Of my friend sleeps in my room. Hiv positive one day before i knew about it he said i have to tell you something hiv positive shocking i thought at 1st i was scared but then he explained how you get infected since then everything has been fine i treat him just like anybody else. A 1st of the plough seeking have hiv positive parents many of whom are alcoholics or drug addicts and no longer have custody of their children some of them arent even aware that their children are. Out the kids are well cared for and in a safe place they learn early on how to live responsibly and calmly with their infection they cope better than some adults. That the one time my little ones were to summer camp on the 1st evening while they were having a bath the come to iraq to practice head around the door hesitantly unpaired at the children as if they might have for years or to had. On another occasion a colleague asked me you know you know what should i do they fall to support you with a child i said lock him in the cellar she was confused what do you think i said just let him play with the other group. In the evening the children follow the same familiar routine as always the same meds the same dosage day and day out. Quite a few of the kids here have learning disabilities because of that mothers Substance Abuse before during pregnancy. That will make life even tougher for them compounded in the social stigma that can still attached to those who are hiv positive. All the more important then for them to be able to grow up with people who accept them as they are and give them the care they need. Its most of the case when somebody is in fixed it there are currently drugs and keep the virus in check how effective are those drugs so those. Extremely effective so most of them do not make any side effects or individuals can have a completely normal life on top of that is that when you are getting treated very early in infection and take your health regularly every day you will have a normal Life Expectancy like an individual who has been negative so you cannot in fact another person anymore and you have a normal Life Expectancy but why scientists and researchers trying to develop a new kind of medication if the current medications working so well well one problem with the current mess. Cation is that you have to take a pill every day until the end of your life so people are constantly reminded of being age should be a positive the new development is to try to have like for example an injection every 6. 00 to 8. 00 weeks that is sufficient to treat hiv infection and even in the future of your thinking about having a poll that you only have to take once a month or even half an implant in your that is sufficient to treat a shabby infection and that needs to be exchanged once a year thank you so much for this interesting talks. Thats it for today im looking forward to seeing you next week im out. Scene 20000 covert 1000 related deaths in the old peoples. How did it come to. Such patients away. Dont treat residents of the old peoples homes. Last a barren. Many of us want justice. 13 on d. W. Like. My gorgeous love. For the russian soul. Steve. So many different walks of life. Some are compact and awfully strong but all of them come straight from the heart just to see if you can afford theres no more delicious the mush to enjoy come. From is the love to their final resting place the russians on g. W. Documentary. What secrets lie behind. Discover new adventures in 360 degree. And explore fascinating World Heritage sites. W World Heritage 360 get the map now. Plato is for me. Is for you. Is for help. Beethoven is for. Is for the. Beethoven is for cars. Is for. Beethoven 2020 the 250th anniversary year on deal here. This is state of the news line from european leaders trying to bridge deep divisions over a khurana Recovery Plan to meeting in brussels where theres disagreement over a 750000000000 euro takesh to help economies hard hit by the pandemic also coming out allegations of russian Cyber Espionage unfolding khurana back same percentage but u. S. Britain and canada accuse russia based hackers of targeting labs working to find a vaccine. 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