Also on the day of the ongoing war in libya and the lack of International Agreement even amongst allies on how to bring the fighting to an end but there are differences between it well as. The situation in libya big that we need to support the uniforms to form the political negotiated solution to the conflict in the in the. Friday mark 75 years since the signing of the charter that established the United Nations formed after the deaths of more than 60000000. 00 people during world war 2 its mission to preserve International Peace and security is a challenging now as its ever been the u. S. Deputy secretary general will join us in just a moment 1st this look back at the organization she helps to lead. June 20. Next 945. 00 as the 2nd world war came to an end diplomats and politicians gathered in San Francisco to sign the charter of the United Nations their goal was clear. The full unity of the terminations. By. War i in the last 75 years are a lot has happened the universal declaration of human rights peacekeeping missions and vironment and Development Aid i think it means a great deal to our organization which can discuss everything any any item and take up these items to do to take action if there is a need for action. There hasnt been a new world war since 945 but Regional Military conflicts have been keeping the u. N. Busy and in recent years rising nationalism in many Member States has started to threaten the u. N. Principle of multilateralism at the forefront of this development the United States and President Donald TrumpHughes America is governed. By america. We reject the ideology of globalism and we embrace the doctrine of patriotism. Trump has threatened to cut the un funding many times that would have a huge impact as the u. S. Contributes 22 percent of the uns 5400000000. 00 corps budget. You know she never leaves you know nations because it has this permanent seat on the Security Council which it cannot really acquire in some way or another that. Has such a privileged position to abandon that that to give it up for real would be real foolishness but with a president what United States has at this time one never knows. Financial instability regional conflicts and a Global Pandemic there are still many hurdles to overcome before the u. N. Reaches its ultimate goal to world peace. Well the uns deputy secretary general is i mean the hobbit pleased to say she joins us from new york welcome to day. What would you say is your uns proudest achievement in its 75 history i think that was Still Standing if you had to reinvent if you had to scrap was that they would still be reinvented or was Still Standing and very much the charter and the values remain as valid as they were in 1045 today and i think its those values and the fact that we as an institution convene and continue to give hope to the aspirations of augmentin. And if it fell over i was reconstituted today do you think it would it would be reconstituted in the same way. Well i would hope it wouldnt be reconstituted in the same way 945 was a different set of dynamics and today in 2020 i think we would probably still have the same multilateral system and competing but perhaps the stakeholder representation of we the people may not be the same as it was in the last 75 years and the challenges that we face today looking for different ways of responding to that in a manner that is has the right tools and has the right has the right political commitment and delivery for the needs in the world today so probably not and one would hope that it would be would be more inclusive it would be more representative more forward leaning and more together and it solidarity to address many of the issues that they dont quite get that you think it would. Because the charity of your u. N. Would still have 5 countries with the ability to overrule everybody else. I doubt that very much i mean in 1945 it made complete sense to have that i think today weve spent many years looking at Security Council reform and the argument has always been that power has shifted and the basis for the criteria for sitting at the table to recognize responsibilities as a global family are different and so therefore the table needs to be widened and the need to be more representation and a better balance youll be for reform of the Security Council. Of course that would be anything that would transform a better response to just striving to achieve peace in the world today and we mind we might have avoided a 3rd world war and i think that thats a credit to the United Nations and the work that weve done in the Security Council but today we have so many more conflicts we have different needs and so i think that you know for that one needs to look at being the focus and i would argue that we could do better. We talked about the uns greatest achievement. Which would you point to as the uns worst failure worst failure goodness me i thought it only talked about what we did best worst failure. No i dont think i would say that there is a worst failure i think there are attempts of trying to resolve many complex issues and many leave a scar on us or the things that we didnt quite do with the intentions that we had but i wouldnt be in the surveillance. And i think that. Difficult times and there are moments in our history that we would look back on and wish that we had done better in rwanda better in myanmar better in syria better in many parts of the world and its not for want of trying so i wouldnt say failure i think people have lost their lives trying to do these things and they did it with the intention of the values that we hold sacred show about the current coronavirus a very secretary general said yesterday that countries need to understand that by acting in isolation they are creating a situation that is getting out of control on a global coordination is the case on paper the u. N. Looks like the ideal forum for this to happen so why isnt it happening. Well its difficult when you put a 193 countries together and you try to get agreement with different interests of course youre not going to always get the answer or the response that you need i think weve been very clear from the beginning that when cold it came along and put a pause in everything what it did make us understand is that this happened everywhere and everyone was affected by it and it needed a Global Response that needed for us to come together in solidarity but what we found is that people turned inwards and it was me 1st and even then that we wanted to understand that you need to put the oxygen mask on before you can reach out and help others i think we have long now for those who need it the oxygen mask put it on and they should be helping in that Global Response to everyone do much better it is difficult to get consensus i had when i 1st joined the eurozone i was told by an old it that you know the fact that looking for consensus among so many people often gives you the lowest common denominator but it still allows you to move forward with your agenda and with aspirations and some of the incredible frameworks that we have. If you mention the pause of the cone of our society of course the pandemic of course is battered Many National economies. Should the paris climbers agreements now be altered to reflect the fact that countries are probably going to do everything they can to boost output as quickly as they can especially given that the worlds 2nd biggest polluter the United States has also turned its back on the steel. I dont think thats an option the Paris Agreement was carefully negotiated with the ambition thats needed to keep us on course so that we have a world to live in so to change it way to reverse that downwards i think thats what were thats what were pushing against we believe that we have the solutions that we continue to grow and we can do that green what curve it has shown us is that its a its an opportunity to change the way were doing things and to try to build back better and breena and so when were looking at Climate Action the investments the instance that are being made today from were seeing that we need to bring power to people in countries rural actually cation and were looking at everyone because Everyone Needs to get ahead of curve it was saying why not solar and why not make those investments because in fact off grid we get power to more people than others so we actually think that the solutions to Climate Change in the actions that we take could actually result many of many of the issues that we see particularly in developing countries which are affected most by by the 3rd of all of course the fossil fuel economy space in the world which brings you back i think to a problem but you highlighted at the top of the program that of building consensus how do you build consensus around the concerns that youve raised there amongst politicians who are looking only as far as the next election rather than looking through into the next century. I think building ownership around the issues that you have a National Interest in but we see very much without a Global Investment those National Interests would not come to fruition i think its making more parents to people that we are so interconnected code that has shown that overnight the most developed of economies have had to dole out trillions of dollars just to stay above water theyve been able to do that and if theyve been able to do that it shows that really you need to to make sure that everyone is part of the solution or you will be as well affected no matter what we invest in in kota in the prevention of covert in some part of the world if its existing in any other part its not over and so i think that interconnectedness. Of the supply chains that we saw disrupted that have really had an impact on the economy across the world just shows you how much we are Better Together and weve got to try to keep making that case not just to talk about weve got to have multilateralism because its good that word unless you unpack it to show the returns in investing in multilateralism to that National Interest but i think its very difficult and that has to be done country by Country Region by region and its why we convene its why we have these different discussions and different forms why we have so many different framework for where we try to get ownership and conversation going around the table really important keep everyone in the tent right every now and again but you want to escape but you have to try to keep corralling them because it is better that we are doing this together we can get for that less disruption less people suffer and we are more on track then for the aspirations of the u. N. Peace a firefighter word that all but one of the hoofs are trying to get out of a turn to the u. S. President if mr trump follows through with a threat to withdraw the United States from a w h o what impact is out likely to have on the organizations who work. When a Member States isnt porton does the United States has a challenge with the way and manner in which the United Nations where we continue to hope that we can talk through that challenge and find the remedies for it and so we would hope that we could continue to do that whether it is the w. H. O. Or any other agency for that matter they are an important member of this family and we intend to try to keep them in the tent in the family discussing these issues finding the resolutions to the concerns that they have and i think that we have seen the secretary general and the w. H. O. Leaning forward to try to wrote to resolve some of those challenges and concerns without you for joining us here on the you are some to 5th birthday deputy secretary general i mean a j bahamas thank you and thank you very much. International efforts to end years of fighting in libya took another small step today following talks between french president emmanuel macro and russian president Vladimir Putin france says it now has russias backing in efforts to stabilize maybe i read unified since situations in north african countries currently riven by conflict between a rival governments and foreign backed warlords and a robot will consider possible ways forwards 1st this recap of the current situation. The dramatic downfall of an oppressive leader libya has been mired in conflict since the arab spring uprising in 2011 which toppled longtime dictator moammar gadhafi. In the aftermath attempts to build a Democratic State failed and the country was plunged into an all out civil war it soon became a battleground for both local and regional aspirations to foreign powers such as Turkey Russia and the United Arab Emirates just selling for influence. Since 2014 the fighting has largely been between 2 competing governments each with their own foreign backers on the one side the un installed all thora t. The g n a well the government of National Accord in tripoli its later fires. On the other side the Libyan National army or l n a led by military strongman. The rebel general has been waging war with the jna and now controls around 2 thirds of the country including libyas Lucrative Oil fields but so far his attempts to take the capital tripoli have failed. Then come the foreign players the g n a is supported by turkey as well as qatar and many western countries while the l. N. As main backers are russia the United Arab Emirates and egypt these foreign powers have increasingly intervened flooding libya with weapons and drones ignoring a u. N. Arms and banner. At high profile peace talks in berlin earlier this year all parties agreed to more strictly enforce the embargo but a binding truce remained out of reach. With libyas so unstable the fear of resurgent islamic terror and a migrant exodus has many european neighbors worried. Lets take a closer look at this live for us Al Gore Marty hes a political analyst from libyas 1st a think tank place a deck institute but welcome to day w. So we have russia and france agreeing to stabilize libya what does that mean. Regretfully i dont think it means much because france has given latent support diplomatically speaking to the limit for the last 5 years or so given military support according to the New York Times last year that special forces were being deployed with after during his offensive so when you create a peace deal or a call for a ceasefire typically between 2 sides oppose one another not the same side so russia trying to attempt now to call for a cease fire seems to be done at a time when their man on the ground Khalifa Haftar is losing a lot of ground so its almost not really much about peace but preservation a little hotter territory specially as they move eastward all the g. N. A. S. Forces the u. S. Backed government and turkey moved eastward towards the vitally contested oil field in central libya so i dont really think its a serious endeavor around peace seems quite cynical move around preservation. Because weve had call after call for cease fires and maybe about the last one was in january bowed in conference and one wonders well if youve got all these major powers on the table and theyre all signed up to it then why hasnt that why hasnt it happened yet. This is the true irony of looking at libya for this myself in the last decade but if we just look back at the last year it was the un backed government that asked the un and the chief nations behind the un like from like the u. S. Like russia and china the key members behind the Security Council to sanction because he declared war on april 4th 201910 days before the culmination of the Peace Process that would have led libya back to democratic election the very same parties that refute being strong the u. A. E. Egypt and others that have continued to support the war and facilitate the war and now calling for a Peace Process as you said in your earlier piece berlin was a really interesting time well well power focused on bringing back peace again that was chemical because many of those things are the jewel in the conference on generates money of investment were also shipping weapons namely the United Arab Emirates with shipping weapons into Eastern Libya to continue to the well i mean its fascinating to think that wars dont just happen on their own may have done. A lot of serious design and deploy a behind war and its giving libyans the ways and the means to fight that war and thats giving them massive amounts huge thousands of come to us by towards which are now coming from russia from syria from saddam to fight in libya acro drones that have been delivered by the u. A. E. In egypt and russia. And also turkey on the other side but also another to foreign fighters but also the diplomatic means to ensure that there is immunity for those forces that. Despite this being started attempting to 6 years to take the capital by force to renege on a peace deal because this is the 1st one that has done this and did it twice and. There was an arrest warrant for him in tripoli hes been around for over 50 years into his ninetys 60 now and hes never been time. Unilaterally but when it went to it its a fascination of mine lets talk about a country that seems to be on the verge of adding to this mayhem egypt which has its western border with libya its allied itself with general after us ally that over the last few days president al sisi warned about being provoked into direct military involvement how much would a gyptian boots on the ground a change things well its interesting because im not sure whether or not it at the moment it a war of words i think provoked i certainly think they will cross the border but egypt has a legacy of issues when going over into expeditionary and using them and launching a petition or. To going over the border for them is a question of how far do they go if they go over to secure the border i think that could be quite you know that wouldnt be such an irate moment. Given how much already there are other actors on the ground i dont know whether or not it will or how the calculus egypt is an image of an economic crisis a political question coming to the point of i was ok i dont know commits huge numbers of course but it could change a lot if it was across the border if it had more mayhem and more problem diplomatically with a view that thank you so much for joining us and us algo matthew from this attack in 6 years thank you. Indias confronting the coronavirus a crisis as parts of the country are still struggling to recover from saigon which tore through south asia a month ago communities in the bay of bengal bore the brunt of the storm much of indias Sunderbans Delta was left underwater many theyre now fear the disaster could impact their livelihoods for years to come. Just while reports. A few hours from the bustling city of call gata. The landscape becomes transformed. Into the sunderbans. To a diverse ecology and 4000000 people. People who rely on fishing and farming to survive. But in me a massive storm viper doubt both options. These are the freshwater born snoop and im wondering used to fish and the violence of cycle on breached all embankments killing the freshwater fish and sweeping out the prawns that could have survived seal and water to see. What can we do we are dependent on to leave now once a lockdown is lifted we will have to leave this in their banks to find work there is nothing after. These islands in the some the banks were evacuated before the cycle and. Preventing thousands of deaths. But didnt return to utter devastation houses gone fields flooded crops destroyed. And even when the water drains a boss disaster shored that celine deposits could render this land in for quite a decade. In the summer months as a cycling from region and were still recovering from the impact of cycling i like 11 years ago cycle number one was worse and weeks after that this would mean land still lies in and then also on them through the solution. A group called the quarantine students huge network is helping local speed for draining celine water from these ponds thank you when the rains come they will again be filled with fresh water allowing fish farming to resume at least. The draining can address Serious Health concerns as well the Family Public health and hygiene are seriously destructive here and need to be distorted stagnant water is dangerous as it can lead to gastro intestinal diseases as well as skin conditions to me and then there is the often ignored issue of a snake bite snake bite. When socially in the shift ends like this one are trying to bridge a gap in the margins the response they are limited in their each. This has left locals why do you think about dangerous gaps in health care. The water is contaminated and we cannot drink it he gets sick and then getting to the hospital is difficult with all this flooding going on out there what you know you know youve seen that the roots of destroyed how when a pregnant woman or one carrying a child balance herself while we didnt through these swampy waters to get to work. That was the day they come sation continues online on twitter. He was well you cannot follow up fellow gals have a good day. Has the pandemic changed the way we move was the safest way for us to get from point a to point b. By buying it see the train coming. And has the joy been taken out of transportation or can it still be fun on the road during hard times read. About g. W. Explore beautiful landscape and industrial heritage. Zoloft vacation destination but still an insider to. This part of the future and i think that a small solid has Great Potential for. A small state that has all water to offer. Checking. In 60 minutes on d. W. My smile is most. Likely. To. Paint me. On the. Dance in a secluded those who look at me. My on say. I am and im so over the bridge and. The secret of the only solid starts to my 3rd on g. W. We are living during the most extraordinary time