Its still about us with all the planets on the brink we spoke to several leading experts in the fish. Hook up just. Bowling green says if you. Dont drive your eyes. Disinfect surfaces. Avoid shaking hands with others. Weve learned to be careful with what we touch. But. Might be in the air to. Aerosol particles carrying the virus are tiny they float on air currents it takes them hours to so. Expel through the mouth of a coronavirus carrier the air can help them spread. To be able to imagine aero souls experts say to think of cigarette smoke spreading around a person like a cloud the closer the smoke or the denser the cloud how can you protect yourself. And welcome to covert 1000 special here on the w in many places lockdowns have ended and countries are trying to regulate the restart economic and public activity which may be more difficult than thought because studies suggest the coronavirus could be hovering in the air of offices shops and restaurants to which people are slowly returning. The tables are far apart different groups of guests even further. The waiter wears a mask and everyone is expected to wash their hands a lot thats restaurant life in the age of corona virus but such precautions dont mean people are necessarily safe thats because of aerosols this footage shows a coughing exhaling speaking and singing send forth a shower of larger droplets and tiny ones called aerosols the greater the efforts the greater the dispersal those droplets in aerosols can carry virus particles. Professor Martin Krieger left the Technical University of berlin studying the dissemination of aerosols in the air he uses light and soap bubbles the trouble is that aerosols are so light that can be carried greater distances on the air than regular droplets which drop to the ground quite quickly. This is a problem particularly in enclosed spaces. I thought a moment and i would wish to consider this youre in a room after half an hour you will have filled with air assaults as you breed anybody else there will come into contact with some of them and we want to know who gets infected and who doesnt. But in statistical terms if you do more people in the room the more potential cases of infection. Aerosols are tiny but potentially dangerous they can transport a whole range of viruses. And the sars c. O. V. To viruses a diameter of about 0. 12 microns. The diameter of an aerosol is 40. 00 to 80. 00 times as long. And a strand of human hair much bigger still. A number of studies suggest aerosols are a vector for the corona virus and what implications does the house for strategies to prevent its spread. A cough can propel aerosol several meters. You know one simple mask wont effectively hold him back as professor kriegel has demonstrated in his lab. North 80 to 90 percent of these aerosols escapes such a mask and enter the surrounding air nevertheless it is important to wear a mask to hinder to some degree the uncontrolled dispersal of breath into space. When controlled and if i have to walk past somebody say in the supermarket and it does make sense. Good ventilation can help. In this experiment fresh air is pumped into a room at the blue circles stale air is sucked out of the brown ones what we see is that aerosols dont spread throughout the space and that reduces the risk of infection. An open window can have the same effect so if you want to eat out choose a big area restaurant or even better eat outside of possible. Way viral particles can disperse swiftly on the breeze. Lets get more on this with the William Schaffner he is a professor of Preventive Medicine and an expert on Infectious Diseases at the Vanderbilt University school of medicine in nashville tennessee good to have you on the Program Professor we have all learned that staying apart 6 feet could be lifesaving in this pandemic is this still the case when aero sauls that we emit can travel comparable in Long Distances through the air. Well for the most part yes because most of the aerosols that we produce fall down within 3 to 6 feet occasionally they get a bit farther than that but 6 feet is practical its something that everybody can remember and understand and so we focus on 6 feet that will get 95 percent of the issue how far along are we in studying what role aerosols are playing in the transmission of the coronavirus well we think the vast amount of transmission occurs through close person to person contact within rooms over prolonged periods of time so its really that close in contact with many other people that puts you at risk on occasion the virus can travel a little farther but thats not nearly important as getting people to be aware that close in transmission is really where the major issue is so more and more people are returning to their jobs a lot of that how should offices and the work there be set up. Yeah thats providing all kinds of difficulties and opportunities at the same time so as you know barriers have been put up in many workplaces between people and in some offices and other work situations people can be separated more in other circumstances people are urged to wear masks for most of the day thats difficult for some people we will not have Perfect Solutions for absolutely every circumstance but if we do a series of things wearing the men asks 6 foot distancing good hand hygiene avoiding large crowds we will be able to reduce the transmission of this virus lets talk about air Conditioning Systems are they helpful or harmful i think theyre all there they are helpful because obviously they coolest in the summer make us more comfortable and more productive and the air Conditioning Systems really we think play very little if any role in transmission there is one provocative study from china and even that is not a perfect study so we really think that air conditioning does not play a role in transmitting this virus now in the past days thousands of people in various countries have protested against racism and Police Brutality how dangerous are these Mass Gatherings from an Infectious Disease standpoint. Of course we in Infectious Diseases are concerned these are important social and cultural of vents absolutely but they do bring many people together powerful long periods of time and theyre chanting and shouting and that opens them up to exposure to the virus if its there so many people are Wearing Masks thats a very good thing and of course there are out of doors which helps diffuse the virus dilute the virus so it makes it less hazardous im sure that the coven virus was present at some of those demonstrations and some people acquired infection im im can i think it was not a major problem however professor volumes abner thank you for your thoughts thank you my pleasure. And now it is over to our science correspondent and resident corona virus expert Derek Williams answering the questions you sent us. How high are the risks of catching the virus when traveling on a Long Distance train even with social distancing where the windows dont open and air in circulation. Its impossible to put a number on this but a couple of studies have shown that public transport is high on the list of of risky settings for contract ing the disease were pretty certain by now that enclosed spaces pose more of a threat than outdoors and and Something Like a high speed train with windows that wont open is certainly an enclosed space even if it has air circulation systems many governments are still recommending that people avoid trains as much as possible but but if you have to take one you should definitely add here to the fundamental rules weve all heard so many times now whenever possible keep 2 meters away from others where a man ski and and avoid touching your face when youre on the train. To temperature and humidity have an effect on sars c. O. V. To use basic reproduction number. Theres been a lot of conflicting information and data on this so for the general consensus appears to be that higher temperatures and higher humidity both slow the spread of the virus but not by much a major new study awaiting peer review compared pandemic data and weather data from thousands of locations all over the globe now those researchers came to the conclusion that that temperate zones will probably face more risk in. In winter whereas warmer areas especially humid ones might see slower transmission raids but the impact of summer this year they thought wont be enough to stop the pandemic and and looking at how covert 1000. 00 is hitting brazil it certainly looks like temperature and humidity dont seem to play really major roles in changing infection rates. And you can post your question to derek on our you tube channel if youd like to keep up with the latest developments on the coronavirus measure do you subscribe to our newsletter. Newsletter. And before we let you go we bring you the story of a man whos stepped up to the challenge of social distancing romanian cobbler greegor to look has made shoes that are well larger than average the size 75 long old shoes would keep a meter and a half distance between 2 people wearing them each pair requires nearly a square meter of lever and would set you back the equivalent of 115. 00 a pair. And probably a small fortune. Thanks watching the. Wildlife reserves in south africa. At 1st glance full totally devoid of tourists during the corona crisis but how long can it last without jobs. Unemployment benefits only last 3 months together people are fighting for their survival and against poaching. Global 3000. Next on. The beautiful. Ugly secret. The natural mineral gives cosmetics. That comes from illegal mines in india. Those who extract it from children. And. All costs close up. In 60 minutes. I am strong really walk on the moon. Isnt the earth really was how strong. The government can use planes to. Seriously seriously spread like wildfire on the internet. On the cause of small groups who shout louder than others and profit from a lack of interest among reason to believe. Just as. In the conspiracy theories can provide comfort you dont like the reality create another. Film about knowledge and belief trust and deception democracy of the goal of storage joy 1st on g. W. Global 3000 thanks for joining us. Women doing traditionally male jobs long inconceivable in syria but the long running war has shaken everything up the effects of the coronavirus pandemic continue to reverberate south africas wildlife reserves the struggling to survive and we meet the babies in ukraine waiting for their parents