Based in the worlds coldest region. Right at the very south of our planet lies antarctica the continent of snow and ice. In 1911 the norwegian Roald Amundsen became the 1st person ever to reach the south pole the last region of earth that was still unexplored and uninhabited by humans. In 195912 nations signed the antarctic treaty pledging to use the beach and only for peaceful purposes and particularly for scientific research. Today there are around 80 research stations in the antarctic used by 4000 scientists from all over the world we wanted to know what its like to spend months in the cold and ice and so we headed there starting at the airport close to the russian polar researched. Nation. Red sky at. Approaching antarctica from the air. On board this aircraft are scientists from 10 different countries. Theyll be spending the polar summer doing their research here. This year the team from bellaver is especially large. Billow says would be a program for science and sibylla just cost more and. Do a few zips and now real building go station. India has also sent a large team. Members will be making their way to the countrys 2 Antarctic Research stations. To study is there. Because together what we. Are studying so it does not emerge off. So i can malaysian of all the depth of it will be i think that trend what is the condition of the. Example that is heating up again. Nearly all of antarctica is covered in ice. Leon made for the lead coke comes from russia he works at the nobel now as i read stay in station close to the airports. Hes a veteran researcher like most of the russians here he started working in the polar regions during the soviet era. And prevent illegal. My. Daughter. Was 8 months it was time. Having been observing the environment for many years the researchers have been able to monitor the changes taking place. Changed. One subject of interest involves lunar observations its well known that the moons gravity effects ocean tides but its effect on weather has not yet been well explained. The russian Team Cooperation with the so small adjusts of the german my research station. Its 700 kilometers away. A few visitors come here the noir maya station is after all in a very remote location. Youll safina struck a man and eat his quad a study the earths Magnetic Field and measure the strength of earthquakes theyre not the only ones researchers from several other nations conduct similar work still the Scientists Say theres nowhere near enough exploration underway on antarctica. Antarctica is still a fundamentally unexplored continent thats why there are actually too few stations to collect data. Agrees he heads the noisy maya stations air chemistry observatory hes worried about the rise in the percentage of c o 2 in the antarctic atmosphere. Hes also concerned that the untouched southern continent could fall victim to economic exploitation. Just as young did its hard to say what will happen and how things will develop especially if some areas become ice free and amazing Raw Materials or nursed. By huts a huge 4 years ago of the antarctic treaty was agreed and extended its. Funding out i see that as a good sign that it will continue to go in this direction just as it is that we still why dont you be a good step back leads the research team. The work done here is purely scientific anything else would be forbidden in accordance with the antarctic treaty that the International Community create 2 in 1959. Inspect their regular unannounced inspections to take place at the stations. So to this point there havent been any conflicts. But considering World History one can only hope that the intentions remain purely scientific. One big draw for researchers that noise is the emperor penguins. The scientists want to examine the animals breeding behavior in order to predict possible threats caused by climate change. International researchers share their results with each other. And. People always talk about the antarctic family all the conflicts that exist elsewhere in the world for by the wayside everyone helps each other and people try to get along times under truly inhospitable conditions its nice to see that in spite of all the bad news in the world it can really work. Successfully collaboration on the most sparsely populated continent on earth. While some research is a busy in the antarctic others focus their energy on happiness asking what people really need to live contented lives money say some logs of money but there are other important factors stable relationships good Health Educational qualifications and a job that matches ones skills gap in a sexperts have long been interested in where the happiest people live the uns World Happiness report sees norway and denmark rating high finland topping the list for the 2nd year running. Meanwhile features for the town but the small nation in the eastern himalayas has its own very special relationship with happiness. Because. This is a must to class. Navigation there is no autopilot no radar just pure flying skill if youve been following its an ability to very narrow when. You do not have much spoke with you if they could have been the least bending and it is turning in when doing its with the likely flag a little bit in the villian. The board has to be good hearing how to do really change. The pilot tells us that it takes time to learn to navigate the terrain the pilots orientate themselves using buildings monasteries and the landscape in general a little luck never hurts when flying into baton every landing is different but these professionals know what they are doing. All of this except going at it. In that list that if you. Return is different its the only country in the world where welfare is measured not in terms of Gross Domestic Product but by Gross National happiness. Anyone who wants to find out more about this should be ready to wear traditional dress and thats how we got into the government quarter in the capital the former monastery in fortress is now government headquarters we were advised to bring a gift for our host a bottle of whiskey properly wrapped. Perhaps thats another path to happiness sound economics is also important for. All countries. In the uk is what we also see is we have to ensure that. It does that come at the cost of play environment culture and tradition if the policy scores less than that. Is back to the immediacy the Happiness Commission the think tank can be nerve center of the government whatever takes place in these halls of bureaucracy is aimed at achieving one thing collective happiness according to the constitution at least 60 percent of putins land must be forested b. Term absorbs more Carbon Dioxide than it produces the only country in the world to do so. Compared to other countries to turn is poor but well educated a pillar of happiness education is free and standards are high. To outsiders the nation might look like an Outdoor Museum but on the inside its a society that protects and treasures its culture but is everyone in bhutan really happy for you as you are all when you are different people are you happy. If you need ok. That is i think we have. To do with. Girls who some of you consider yourself a. Very much. Of it. Every few years the Happiness Commission i asks the public how happy they are the last poll indicated around 75 percent of butyl knees are indeed happy. Today as one of them. Is we could have 2 rights harvests a year but theres no need once enough we just dont need more were happy with that. They allowed theres a you know most. Capitalists would despair here maximizing profit is a foreign concept so is stress. Indeed the country has its own rhythm when predate announces that dinner is ready. Many come running 3 generations live under one roof of course people in many parts of the world see togetherness as being important but here it actually happens. That much why should we leave this place the house the fields our parents gave all of this to us well pass it on to our own children we have work we have food were all happy. Her husband likes to chew on a rican not wrapped in a bacon leaf in his garden its a mild stimulant which could also be a factor in happiness. Is about the size of switzerland with around 800000 inhabitants tourism is sparse that could be in an attempt to control influences from abroad but is that control a good thing in the long run smartphones are everywhere what previously was far away is now locals fingertips and the outside world can be tempting with all it has to offer. Whether young people are happy and whether they will stay will decide the countrys future. Buddhism is still powerful but ists believe in the close relationship we have with the universe and astrology. To the mobile in that its like math we calculate subtract multiply the stars tell us if it will be a good day whether we should do things or leave well enough alone thats how we determine happiness on a scale of 1. 00 to 10. 00 i rate myself an 8 and thats only because there are some things that we all have to endure like illness and death. And i see that. So happiness does have its limits theres also no guidebook to follow on becoming happy not even here in the land of happiness in bhutan. Helping others is another way to boost your happiness levels in this weeks global ideas we meet a young entrepreneur from south africa doing exactly that his aim is to revolutionize the countrys overstretched housing situation in the townships of johannesburg where he grew up poverty is a big problem coupled with an acute shortage of places for people to live. I the township of soweto lies just south of johannesburg formerly a home to miners the region now has around 4000000 residents no one knows the exact number. Most live in corrugated sheet metal shacks and thats just what young entrepreneur london wants to change he wants to have lots of brick houses built 50000 homes and needed in the johannesburg metropolitan area. So most of them prefer to leave because its cheaper to live there when youre ready. To move. So this creates an opportunity for us to actually create a world where. Many south africans could never afford to buy a home of their own so they rent shacks in other peoples backyards all crammed together side by side. Is a selftaught brick layer while building it out building in the backyard of his parents home he got an idea to replace corrugated metal shacks with brick houses his customers other people who own the land they pay for the building in monthly installments using the rents they receive from the tenants while the. Tenants themselves get to live in a better home plus the whole thing is more environmentally friendly as the house is a made of special bricks so theyre more like almost like their book. Because. Youre sure you. Want to cut your burden caused by up to 100 percent. Unsecured for nothing live with the. Normally you that. Have to put in the roof. Plan lets you know who makes his bricks construction waste so he doesnt need to use sand that also means the bricks dont have to be fired in a kiln which saves on energy because the Building Blocks are interlocking the pressure of their own weight is sufficient to make the wall strong unstable its an unusual way to build but its less of a burden on the environment than traditional masonry but since were not using the. Bricks as president tell them that you only use the man 2. So having to have a pilot this is kind of like. People because they can touch and feel and its now more convincing than even interested in the thing that if. This man was also interested and happy to learn more so than the c. B. S. Is among the 1st tenants to move into one of the brick houses the 35 year old comic onic has been living in a backyard for 6 years until recently in a metal shock but not anymore now he has a proper home he used to pay about 35. 00 euros a month now he pays 40 he thinks its worth it. Actually our very very very p. P. Course if youre staying in the thing that will shake the. Place to be a human being actually. You feel more confident when everything next. Building rubble is a major environmental problem in the impoverished districts of johannesburg Many Companies just dump their waste in the townships to avoid paying disposal fees nandu similar c. B. S. Knows this all too well every day dozens of trucks come to her neighborhood to illegally dump building waste for more prosperous areas this bothered her a lot until it inspired her to become an entrepreneur now shes founded a startup the process is waste. So because a lot of people do it ways to move a ways in their college but then we take responsibility with the least in the they have visited roads with their waste we compost it we also send it distributed to organisation that make use of it organizations flight landed to House Building company. Or to startups plan to work together. To know who could use the plentiful building rubble for his environmentally friendly bricks. Now the 2 are working on ways to crush the waste and transported to the construction site they hope to get started soon. Though we are working out how we can actually need. And use the rubble as raw material for making bricks with. And then it can be actually more profitable. And they actually help hire more people because they knew need people were going to make bricks and people going to separate their waste encrusted with. More than 3000000 public. Subsidized homes have been built in south africa in the past 25 years even so the government has failed to meet the need for a new housing plan little over says that many who came to johannesburg hoping for a better life are now living in worse housing them before theyre exactly the people he wants to help and not just by building new homes for them he has many more ideas for the future. With one of them oh good going to. Live here. Really proved all sorts of so we can replace all the shirts. And also trying them to prove their own houses. Which one are moving to another one being the root of all that is the stuff of the future right now each building is a major financial risk for london and his start up hes only been able to complete 3 homes with environmentally friendly bricks so far 3 more are under construction but hes been inundated with requests for more. Youll find more Inspiring Stories on t. W. Women our Facebook Page there you can learn about women determined to make a real difference and change the status quo. W. Women gives a voice to the women of our world. This weekend global living rooms we visit a family in columbia. Roy and have him but me hello welcome my name is loose mary and this is my home please come in and. See if they mean this is our living room and this is our motorbike. Fact standing here because we dont have a garage. Is our goal for them and values in the motorbike is really important for our family because its our main mode of transport. We also use it to transport things to other villages. And even look here are a few photos of toast in the painting and our beloved virgin of guadalupe. And her figure stands in the living room because our lady is part of our belief but then thats very important to us we believe that she protects our home and helps to ensure that everything remains of her money and. That the high drew up at the thought that not a morning. They dont follow me. Here is the area where we watch t. V. And relax and yawn. And. Eat anymore and here is the hub of our home the kitchen. And our moon yummy valeri and we drink at and t. Form its about to boil the herb spawns have a very calming effect. What about the name on that and this is our bedroom. Here. But lets go outside now. This is the most important and also the nicest part of our home because its refreshing out here. We sit down here and chat. And eat here and we enjoy the fresh air and being surrounded by trees i mean. Plants full. Of the out of order as. We hang out the washing here because this. Last year for thanks for the listen i i hope you liked our home come again at any time youre always welcome what about how the air. But im with a bottle that i so. Next week were in rwanda where heavy rains destroy harvests more and more often resulting in frequent Food Shortages in villages now farmers are learning new methods of growing crops to make their fields less vulnerable to the elements. Thats all from us this week do send us your comments right to global 3000 i d w dot com check us out on facebook d w women by finale. After. The conflict. If youre after you the war in yemen goes on with no apparent indian sites but whos really trying to stop it my guest this week here in munich is the countrys foreign minister Mohammad Abdullah on the terms of the thousands of civilian casualties to be enormous human suffering all being from nothing. In the conflict the 1st. 30 minutes of d. W. The country sometimes distances. To use from the windows in to them. And want to passengers expect when they disembark. Riding the rails across mongolia an extraordinary experience. In 75 minutes from w. Im not going to think again because sometimes i am but im standing up and went to heaven mr jevons thinks deep into the german culture of looking at the stereotypes clad figures think the future of the country that i now live from. Kiev need to see it big for this drama day out to me its all about. Nothing im a joke join me to meet the germans on the w. Post. Every journey begins with the 1st step and every language the 1st word allusion could be coaxing germany to sunshine. Why not learn wisdom from. The chefs its simple online on your mobile and free. T. W. Zeal and in course. German maybe see. They were abducted by the nazis until you can sue germany to be raised as citizens of the early. During world war 2 thousands of polish children suffered. Even today many of them dont know who the real parents were. Theyve lived with this trauma for decades. Little children the Kidnapping Campaign of nazi germany starts april 28th one to tell you. This is g. W. News and these are our top stories german chancellor Angela Merkel says the countrys coronavirus the lockdown measures will be relaxed next week allowing small shops to open but she said what she called germanys fragile partial success means that social distancing rules will remain in place until early may. World Health Organization officials have reject