A matriarchal community in indonesia sumatra. And how the city of athens is preparing itself against the impact of Climate Change. First a heartwarming story a group of undergraduate students in delhi is working with of gandhi women who are refugees in india to make meets pools and both that and to but most of the 11000 of gandhi refugees in india live in delhi project but the idea is not only giving these women a source of livelihood but also helping create a society with less up lost. In. The desert but beamish zeon 30 they are already on their way to work. The 2 women are of gone. A few g. s. Arrived in the indian capital 5 years ago with her husband unfortunately her husband is unemployed she is the breadwinner its a job to produce at the very. Town. We live happy lives in afghanistan. Until broke out there and bombs were falling up an event. My husband and childrens lives were in danger. Thats when we decided to come here. The students from delhis college said of the initiative with the help of the you see the United Nations refugee agency. Is basically an amalgamation of 2 sons geared towards through and through basically means your pencils and something that you can eat going and with your pencils so when restarted are the project we would looking for communities who require that invention are socially as well as economy. And we really had the boys eye when we met with axis and you and got in touch with the un at the of gondor. Many of gone refugees live in the district of southern including benish she earns about 1500. 00 rupees a month roughly equivalent to going to do u. S. Dollars. This work is you. Dont know about the concept of edible cutlery yet. Thats why even though i have been working here for the last 3 years the money is not graft we get paid only. When i was boys get salt that would be fair its good that the are doing because youre trying to police plastic. And eating from plastic utensils can cause a lot of. Family to place that weve both made up for example it is a great thing. Not just for Peoples Health but also for the environment. The basic recipe includes white flour rice and of a protein some of the bones are chocolate im in flavor of the production the kitchen has to be used within 15 days what isnt used can be bad to add the utensils decompose within just 2 weeks. Honey to make him 1st we make the do and put it into the machine then we ship it and put it into the oven to be baked finally we clean it properly before its made very forcibly. Experienced groups have had a hand in developing the formula. The food safety of the project has been off the should be approved by indian the tortoise. Biggest principle that its trying to work on is that id occasionally use a single use plastic and it was an avid in fact that plastic is taking away of oil and its high time that you stop talking and start doing and then when your pencils when we go out in the market and tell people theyre mostly shocked in the. Placement of plastic what do you see so. A lot of potential in that idea so weve been pursuing that since. The world beers to be drowning in Plastic Waste in india Online Delivery Services also generate 22000. 00 tonnes of it every single month. The students have enlisted professional help from the Food Industry to ensure they can compete with conventional packages. Didnt she when we started out we had a little problems going out there because it was a very new concept to the people but off successful venice creation seminars and we did ring out to people at reduced events and invidious called us we were able to create a sustainable demand for the product. First there were language barriers interest had to grow to burnish and asean have already achieved a lot of learning to manufacture the utensils then turning to sales. Growth in. We have also gone to stones a couple of times to settle before. The team makes all the arrangements and we had. One ball fetches us 100 people we also get a share of profits then desolate. 5. 10 minutes india vandeman was one of the most challenging aspect. It was difficult for them to open up was because theyre in a completely different world completely different country with no identity but then with o. E. Various sessions with the community where we taught them their language had a little fun knowing their languages and with the exchange of cultures you finally able to do. Projects 1st customers this discovery in Greater Noida daughters between 250. 00 to 300. 00 bowls every month theyre mainly used to serve ice cream it is a stock. Now weve all seen that heart wrenching image of Marine Conservation is pulling out lumps of plastic bags from sea to what have you wonder what happens to heavier plastics like spoons for example but they end up in a landfill lets find out. If you order delivery food today it might reach you with a non edible staple disposable plastic spoons. An estimated 79 percent of single use items designed for immediate disposal accumulate in landfills or are left as litter around us. To understand the Environmental Impact of these single use plastic spoons we need to examine their journey from design to disposal. What does the lifecycle of a plastic spoon look like fossil fuels are extracted with drilling rigs then refined often causing pollution and harming local communities and biodiversity. These materials are then transported to a factory where they go through a chemical process known as polymerization producing small pellets of plastic called nergals. The pellets or than ships to another factory where the spoons are manufactured after which theyre shipped off once again this time to Distribution Centers where consumers purchase them. But even before its been used the spoon has already done irreparable damage to the environment spills and negligent transportation lead to nergals ending up at sea and eventually in the food on our plates at the same time inefficient supply Chain Management means more fossil fuels are burned and more Carbon Dioxide finds its way to the atmosphere and thats not all just 9 percent of all the plastic thats been produced since the 1958 has been recycled. Consumers typically only use plastic spoons once. After that they become a solid waste that finds its way to landfills oceans or incinerators. Since the plastic isnt biodegradable it can remain in the environment for hundreds of years we need to avoid Plastic Waste in the 1st place and improve the recycling system. Having seen that the 1st question that pops in my head is is that a way to avoid plastic use altogether one of my Close Friends who tried to replace plastic in her day to day life tells me they are just possible but not easy to design as in germany you seem to have found the solution after much trial and error they have bio plastic sheets and bags made of symbols which can be put into a compost heap once you have done with it and thats it well lets take a. Packaging that decomposes after its used. It disappears without causing any damage to the environment. Researchers and designers around the world are trying to realize this vision. Among them a product designers katya instance avas. The trigger for that work is the amount of trash that they themselves produce. When. The couple have long been aware of the issue. But despite their best efforts theyre aware that avoiding packaging altogether is still extremely tricky. About 15 years ago we were standing in our pantry wondering why a 3 person household generates a bag full of Plastic Waste each week. Even though were very careful this is. Every day food items cooked meats cheese coffee and tea it all has to be packaged as a part of 2 years ago theres even started producing compatible film and bags made from cellulose from which waste which decompose when they come into contact with bacteria in the soil in france italy and switzerland you can put them in the organic waste been indicted and my in germany this isnt possible at the moment were working to provide evidence that our film decomposes brilliantly in industrial composting facilities and together with Waste Management companies were also striving to find a solution to the problem of how these materials commit recognized in sorting plants so that they can be turned into compost in germany to. Another challenge is coming up with packaging that seals in a roma for half a year now spend savers has been working on a multilayered composite of all coffee packets just like a plastic packet coated with our menu it protects aroma and keeps the coffee from going stale the new product is currently undergoing laboratory testing. Well you just do that every foodstuff comes with its own challenges not serfaty cheeses bioactive coffee is aroma sensitive so every product has its own characteristics and they have to be tested i cant make any assumptions thats the challenge you have to try everything out and that takes time and it takes money because its a course material. But the xaviers have already won over many customers for the single layer cellulose foam for example vegetable supply is like sun mom. The organic farm packs its way as an open crates the heads of lettuce and other salad greens will to if they arent covered monikas some months which the box made of composite will film 6 months ago as the german Waste Disposal system doesnt cater for them some mom has come up with an interim solution. If you and your customers can definitely return these bags to us and well compost them not all of our customers have compost heaps or a composting bin but they can bring them back to us from positon it doesnt have to support. The vegetable delivery fam would also like to avoid using conventional plastic for their potted habs but because the thin film used for the leafy greens would come into contact with soil and the pots it would start decomposing too quickly causing it to rip too easily. Xaviers have developed a new film for the application it takes twice as long to come past due the new film decomposes in 12. 00 to 15. 00 weeks in Industrial Facilities in natural conditions it takes longer to break down the new original cellulose film so it can come into contact with soil a moisture we can package plants with it without it breaking down straight away. Avoiding packaging altogether is unrealistic in todays global Food Industry but there are more and more alternatives to conventional Petroleum Based plastic film. Box. Shifting focus now indonesia is home to the voice of largest me because of the mean unc about people here property family name and land boss is gone from the mother daughter just like in matriarchal communities in catalog for example our team visited vesta and sumatra with 4200000 males continue to live in practice this centuries old tradition. Shes the boss. So is she. And so is she. Among the mean and care about people of sumatra the women are in charge but. What. About women are strong because in our tradition and culture they hold a strategic position but now one of the leaders the moral guardians that the pillars on the foundation for the women have thora to. What makes this matriarchy even more unusual is that its in a country where the majority of the population is muslim and the power the women hold isnt just symbolic unlike most traditional communities around the world my sons and heritage from their fathers here it all goes to the women from bournemouth. Its the woman who owns everything. She owns the house the property the fish poems the rice fields. Everything to the really advise me to sit on my thumb at the bottom one. Is one of 2 and a half 1000000 women she lives on the island of sumatra where she produces the most expensive coffee in the world. Most of it coffee beans come from coffee cherries that have been eaten and deafened hated by the asian palm civet its a highly specialized product and popular all over the world. So i also bought another yeah i actually started this business on my own without help from anyone not the government or anybody else so. I started my separate coffee production from 0. To accept of the me. I just thought if other people can do it why cant i. Thats my motto thats why ive survived in the civet Coffee Business to this day. Business. Its typically dominated by men. Who is the only daughter in the family so she inherited the house and fields she employs farmers from all over the region and determines the prices herself passed down from one generation of women to the next the 1st land of western sumatra has been a source of wealth for the people for centuries. Young people ive. Talked to my whole younger so i think theres a lot to learn from me now by women. From their selfreliance. From the respect for other women. And from their independence. When mean and care about couples marry the man moves into the wifes house and whats in her feels most men come from other families in on the village and his opinion about inheritance is divided. And he got the honestly i havent really thought about marriage yet. I know thats still a long way off from a. Girl and its a might do would have to do i think we should respect the traditions inheritance should go to the daughter where im. Enthusiastic and i think i was educated men should be leaders they should be a man. But in our culture its the women who have the privilege and thats not right and you. Can bet i can make religion says it should be the men who lead because women need to be protected thats their privilege actually and take them up against the law thats the way it should be im not the only person with this opinion you can see out of there. As a. Group of ingratitude. I often get into conflict about this with my family. Were going to do our own theres a woman in my family who says men have no rights. Its not that i have no rights we have duties among its just the inheritance that only goes to the woman what. They mean certainly safe from the threat of male dominance the women are in control they have economic power and authority because of what they own. Every man on what about the past and dreams of having a daughter. And i gave birth to 3 sons are. Now in india extreme heatwaves during the summer months have huge ship with cautions theres a loss of life in many of the genes in the country Climate Change is not to me anymore and is not exclusive to only some parts of the planet pick athens for example the city has to deal with drastic shifts between extreme droughts and hiv aids the new idea stablished office for resilience and sustainability is stasis quickly looking out for Nature Based Solutions to make athens climate resilient lets take a look at how its going so far. The renowned athens acropolis seen from the top of nearby mount like a better house for athenians like a battle says even more important nowadays because it still has traces of woodland 80 percent of the metropolis is a densely built cauldron of cement with summer temperatures easily hit 38 degrees celsius Climate Change is also aggravating conditions in the drought plagued arid landscape linear mirror valleys had enough their rising heat and a long period of heatwave creates drought and we have problems because also we do have. A different type of rains these days also due to Climate Change we have shorter periods of time that we have enormous amount of water coming down in a very short period of time so this creates flooding and flooding creates erosion so we have this double phenomenon of dryness and a lot of water which also depletes the land and creates land there over 3 years ago 40 percent of the areas annual rainfall gushed down here in only 5 hours and washed away most of the topsoil. Athens is one of the european cities most at risk from drought and farce fires the deforestation of the slopes of mount like a bit as has disrupted the areas microclimate as well the downpours of recent years turned roads he into want water taunts now athens is responding were replacing all the asphalt of the road that goes up and down the hill which is a proximately 3 kilometers taking it off and putting a special type of material that is what the permeable water is a key element when it comes to cooling athens down thats why the head of the citys waterworks is showing a rare antiquity the final stretch of a fully functional aqueduct dating back to the year 125 a channels 5000000. 00 tonnes of water a year which until now simply drained. Unused into the at and sue is we tried as a duck to use it in the 80s but the quality of the water then was not that great so now that we have a very good serious system we can speak again about using the water of the hydrants architect not for drinking but for other nonportable uses like for example watering plants irrigation also washing roads or washing. Waste bins so these are things that we right now often use drink of the water to do things that is actually a great waste the aqueduct is still intact here because it runs underground for 20 kilometers its unique in europe groundwater trickles into it along its entire length which can be accessed at over 200. 00 locations downstream the National Gardens in athens is not only in a way says of retreat from the hot citys bustle its also important for the local climate the aqueduct is already irrigating the gardens that in turn cools the surrounding area. The National Garden has Just Launched a project aimed at cataloguing its entire inventory all 7000 trees and 5000 bushes with photos latin names and trunk sizes. Sensors will also record temperature and humidity. The projects findings will be transposed across all of our fans. It will help to improve care of watering of trees pruning and to replace city plant stocks we have about 90000 trees in street lines and we want to have for each one of them date their regarding their health their height and what kind of eco system mixer visit gives to the city syntagma square with the Greek Parliament sits is the beginning of one of athens main shopping Foreign Affairs warshel will also play a key role in combating heat linea mira vili is having 16 water fountains installed. You need say you need their ears to give them protection then you need water right then you need to have public water fountain. So that people can drink water. Water and woodlands to cool baking cities in athens and around the world. I hope you had many day careers from today is sure well be back next week with many more such stories to help you make an informed choice for a Sustainable Future until then good bye. The. Power play. Great for the mind body and soul to a. Lot fewer kids spend their time doing it. Developmental psychologists are concerned. Is plain thrilling now played out. In 15 minutes on d. W. Ho ho ho ho ho ho ho. We know that this is very time for the coronavirus is changing the world changing our lives so please take care of yourself good distance wash your hands if you can stay at how we do w. For here for you we are working tirelessly to keep you informed on all of our platforms were all in this together to get them to make it. Stay safe everybody. Stay safe stay safe please stay safe. How do you not. Just skiver your concept. Discomfort with the cult. Of religion after 100 years as the ideals of the bombers are more relevant today than they were a. 100 years ago visionaries reshaped things to come because people understood design as a way of shaping society. With ideas that are part of a core future. About how the man has crossed over into a dance and music than it sounds to me foul house means a vision of the future. What makes the pulse and its traditions inspiring to this very day. It sounds out a card to off i want to play. Ultimate 3 part documentary stars made w. This is a totally new years live from broadway and a cautious step towards easing germanys lockout chancellor makkal announces that shops can reopen for next week and schools will reopen gradually from the 4th of may social distancing however will remain for the foreseeable future also on the program. International concern as donald trump says hell freeze u. S. Funding of the World Health Organization accusing it of mismanagement the coronavirus pandemic but critics say now is not the time for unilateral action