The official opening of the of a young 6 integration hole in braman up at the un 6 is the European Space agencys new launch vehicle its upper stage is being built here europe is trying to consolidate forces in its Space Program to counter the growing global competition the new heavy lift rocket will also be carrying the hopes for future space missions. Because of where the high tech sector for and high tech is never finished i think its we always have new ideas for improving a lot heres. What innovations does of the un 6 have to offer heres an overview. Of. Europes new launch vehicle will stand more than 60 meters tall. Building 6 rocket posed challenges for the European Space agency. These engineers and technicians. Huge fuel tanks were produced using a technique called friction star welding it softens the metal edges by friction to create smooth and durable seals its a solid state process that doesnt melt the material it works at temperatures as low as 500. 00 degrees celsius compared to the more than 2000 degrees with the usual arc welding technique. Though no good knowing what. The new materials we have used here contain a large amount of lithium. And mostly im cannot be joined using arc welding weisel details i know melting temperature so it would quickly evaporate its just been felt that. The lightweight alum many im lithium tanks are part of the engine that powers the upper stage of the rocket. That engine has been named vinci in honor of the great inventor doctors Leonardo Da Vinci its special feature is that it can be restarted 5 times during a mission. That way ariane 6 will be able to release satellites destined for different orbits at different altitudes. The rocket is expected to play a part in many different projects. For example to create a network of satellites spanning the globe to enable fast internet all over the planet. The restartable vinci engine would enable the precise positioning of the necessary swarm of satellites. Costs that were developed for this purpose include this adaptor the support structure is designed to carry more than a dozen small satellites and deliver them to their place in space. Launch booster rockets will provide arianne with the necessary thrust. At this it runs Production Facility the boosters structural casings are constructed out of lightweight carbon fiber materials and other rockets the casings are still made of metal. The boosters have to withstand enormous strain theyre filled with solid propellant fuel when its ignited it will produce tremendous heat and pressure in the interior. Of. The. Area and 6 has yet to be launched but engineers are already working on improving it they want to reduce its weight to increase its frost. So the plan is to develop a new upper stage by 2025. We call it a black about steps because it will be. A half step and as you know cow bunnies much more like theyll send them a taller components and this is why it will lowers to have up to 2 tons mock up by bt focused on us. It currently takes about a year and a half to build an engine like this by using 3 d. Printing production time could well be slashed to just a few weeks and the costs reduced by a factor of 10. In 2018 a printed prototype of the engine was tested at the German Aerospace center in southern germany. In the future the idea is for the ariane engine to return to earth after its flight to be reused up to 5 times. Its an important Building Block for a reusable rocket in an ongoing. Search project a demonstrator a model Prototype Version was built to test how fuels perform in different regions of the engine designs. If tomorrows a market is going to expand and to be blowing but dont if you bought turns out we have to get by bt to match it with a reusable orkut it is not the case today because the market today does note does not to go totally new direction but we must be ready and this is why we want to must also technologies which could the lowest one day to go for reusability. But 1st this edition of the aryan 6 rocket has to prove itself. The launch is planned for late 2020. The universe is suffused with particles that traverse entire planets stars and galaxies neutrinos their mo the most common elementary particles and a source of fascination for scientists in the antarctic an entire observatory has been built to detect these mysterious objects. In 2015 to physicists shared the nobel prize for demonstrating that neutrinos have met but how much mass to find out researchers have developed the worlds most precise scale. Trinas are born during Nuclear Fusion in the sun countless numbers of solar neutrinos arrive on earth every 2nd and thats just one source of these mysterious particles theyre so puny that until recently scientists believed they had no mass at all. Today we know that the subatomic particles do have a mass an extremely small one physicist magnus lesser is involved in experiments to pin it down theyve already yielded initial results. Yet so these measurements allowed us to narrow. Down the estimate is mass so the upper limit was previously to electronic votes and now weve cut that in half with we now know that you treat those have to be lighter than one electron volts massacre of a little to its hard to picture how small that is kilograms it was erode point followed by 36. 00 more zeros and that only lines thats an incredibly tiny mass is giving us. As part of an International Team of more than 100. 00 researchers here at the crowds who institute of technology theyre using a giant neutrino scale and operators called cutting in to investigate one of the biggest mysteries in physics cutting was built in southeastern germany in 2001. But it was too big to be transported by land instead it went on a 9000 kilometer detour down the danube around europe by sea and up the rhine then came a tight squeeze the last few kilometers in karlsruhe or to the Research Center where it finally got down to work. A big effort for such tiny particles. Considered by every big centimeter of the universe still has about 300 neutrinos left over from the big bang with that he has other sources like the sun and supernovas although also produce huge amounts. A lot of new tracers arrive on earth and pass right through our bodies few of these less so weakly interactively but we dont even notice them not feel familiar thats gas or through every square centimeter of our skin every 2nd of this and we dont even notice from those. Weighing neutrinos is very complicated and requires some clever tricks cutting measures some 70 meters long. At one end of the device the scientists put tritium a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. The base of the k. Of the radioactive tritium nuclei produces an electron and a neutrino the 2 particles share the decay energy which is a known quantity and that allows the researchers to determine the. Neutrinos mass the neutrinos arent detectable but the electrons are and their energy can be measured only a few highly energetic electrons end up in the giant spectrometer the researchers measure their energy and then subtract it from the decay energy to arrive at the neutrinos energy and thus its mass. Now the researchers want to make the measurements even more sensitive. But must if the mass is here and we keep increasing sensitivity we will come a point where well be able to actually measure mass right now the sensitivity is here and the mass is somewhere between 0 and this limit we cant measure it yet but were getting that the good old us to do the project will continue through 2024 giving the scientists 1000 days of measurements in all that. Is the sort of thing about what were doing here is that were working right at the scientific front t. X. T. And at the cutting edge of stuff with our team with all these experts because i working to push that boundaries even further. Across who are researchers now know that the neutrino scale works and what they discovered with cartoon over the next few years could revolutionize the world of physics. Neutrinos are a top candidate for the mysterious dark matter thats thought to account for most of the stuff in the universe most astrophysicists believe that dark matter exists but they still dont know what it consists of. If outlet is right why are they flattened even if you have a science question send it in as a video text ovoid smile. If we answer it on the show well send you a little surprise as a thank you. Can on just ask. This weeks question comes from severe of deraa in columbia. Why do animal horns vary so greatly. Some a small. Others big. Big maybe cuddly point upwards or downwards. But even though they look very different they all have. The same structure the bony core of the horn protrudes from the skull. Then comes the sheath which is usually hollow and made of keratin similar to hair feathers fingernails and hooves. But not all animals with horns come from the same family rhinos are whats known as an odd angle it as they have 3 toes and theyre the only ones in that family to have horns. Other group is the brother die family theyre even told and you lets which nearly all have horns they include cattle sheep and goats but also antelopes and gazelles. By contrast mussa and deer dont have horns they have antlers which are bony structures. Elephant tusks by the way are neither horns nor employers but actually teeth are made of dental. But whats the purpose of hormones. In all cases theyre sharp weapons to fend off enemies. But perhaps their most important function is to impress the males with large attractive horns will have an easier time finding a mate. And establishing themselves at the top of the pecking order incidentally they rarely injury each other seriously as the horns fit together well. In short horns vary so much because theyve adapted over time to become more and more specialized to ensure the survival of each species. If youre in the mood for more science stories visit us online at d w dot com slash science and youll find us on twitter and facebook. Now were going to talk about an instrument we use all the time without giving it much thought our voice. Was a Computer Generated voice but hear it tomorrow. Today we foist everything ourselves so now at least some of the discovery having to do some extra its about human voice and 2 young people who led us forces for a very interesting. Hello when i was mariana im 29 and im a film student. On this by machs 28 and im just real designer you know. Max and i gonna have been selected for an experiment were going to steal their voices or to be more precise reproduce them digitally with the help of the French Company candy voice. We can imitate all voices very naturally and not your. First language specialists need voice samples from max and find governments who spoiler. And they speak 500 sentences which contain all the sounds of the german language defenselessness and im fluent nama talk in. Dublin but you know also. That the sentences are recorded in a radio studio and sent off to paris. Did you receive the files. Yes i have everything get to work and well see each other in 2 weeks in paris. Will they really be able to create convincing copies of max and arianas voices and what are digital voices actually good for Canadian Software company lyrebird has found at least one yes theyve cloned the voice of donald trump using original sound bites but now they can make him say whatever they want. I am not the lives of nations always different and how they want i am not a robot a nation is always different im not a robot this is obviously fake but what will happen in the future when the technology is improved and you cant be sure whether the leader of a country really said something or not. Help all of the votes in thats what it was of the nature of. Lyrebird is a free program that anyone can use but currently only in english arianna is testing the program. To do that she needs to record 20 sentences. James put his hand in the pocket of this rope if you bread crumbs remained 10 minutes later the program can say any sentence in arianas voice. In and 29 years old engine. Its not totally convincing but perhaps its only a matter of time before Artificial Intelligence becomes a master impersonator d will we be able to tell the difference between a real human on the phone and a computer clone of their voice will telephone recording still have any legal weight in court its too early for experts to predict what hazards the new technology will bring but despite that lots of Companies Including banks are planning to replace pin numbers with voice recognition. The phone Hoover Institute in darmstadt is testing how secure these systems are project manager flowing and kid shows us how he works minus to me my voice is now my password. Is what the Company Keeps voice samples of their customers on file its software creates a biometric profile with more than 100. 00 characteristics including pitch and rhythm my. Mind is. My pos what is my instrument when a customer logs on the program compares their voice to the one saved on their profile if theres a 100 percent match they get the green light but what happens if you played a clone voice from liar bird. To end liable and other similar systems havent reached the level of perfection required to replicate the melody and features of a human voice in. Artificial voices are also used in the Entertainment Industry the French Company can be voices developing software for computer games. Players can have fun with well known voices. People whove lost their voice through illness could also benefit from the technology as long as their voice is saved in the system. Now offer good morning. After off again you know. How technology can synthesize a voice on the basis of just 80 words thereafter the voice can say whatever the person wants. Macs are eager to hear what their artificial voices sound like. I give you the microphone Company Founders on luke claim who has something unusual in mind for their visit he claims that ariana should be able to speak in maxs voice lets see if hes right. You are you know im from germany speaking with marches for shout it sounds very real. Confirmation are similar to how i hear my record of course of the book. And what about vice versa. I must say im speaking with ariannas voice its really pretty convincing but it feels quite weird. The result is really quite impressive but still cant be mistaken for the real thing for our guinea pigs max and im gonna become something of a really. Can give voices with a real all synthetic. Well study shows that they do perceive sounds that enables the release of the piece to locate a source of water and grow in the direction of the water sound. In other ways to plants on highly sensitive to signals in their surroundings. Plants not only registering give off certain fragrances they can also sense whether the is dry or. Whether theres a gentle breeze or a strong wind and which direction its coming from. The constantly measuring the air temperature that can differentiate between morning and evening light that are equipped with infrared an ultraviolet light senses and if they find themselves in the shade they can tell whether its being caused by rock or another plant. Plants collect information every 2nd they need to respond to their environment so they can adopt the right behavior to survive just like cannibals 10 years ago the idea of plant behavior wasnt taken seriously now thats changing. Its genuine for i think we can call it plant behavior because plants are able to perceive all kinds of environmental conditions process this information internally and then respond accordingly. And i would define that as behavior based on the definition of the word. In a while to back a plant called nicotine yeah a 10 year displays especially complex behavior to defend itself. If attacked by pests or in this case a scientist can produce more than 1000 substances in just one hour. They all help to fend off attacks from hungry predators and repel them. But it doesnt work on every predator. The hawkmoth is immune to the nicotine produced by the tobacco plant. Its larvae are also resistant. So the plant changes its strategy. If. You get the plant gives off certain samhsa better tractable predatory bug. It pierces the caterpillars and sucks out that and. So the plant is basically drawing on outside help to fend off the pest. But a fountain of predatory bugs by the caterpillars continue to feed. The plant changes time once again. It reduces digestive inhibitors which make sure the caterpillar cant absorb the food to. The plant withdraws its nutrients from the leaves and stores them in the stem. These 2 strategies serve one purpose. The caterpillars stay small which keeps them vulnerable to predatory pokes for much longer. Some time. That doesnt help either and the caterpillars probe into giant machines. Which could cause this serious threat to the tobacco plant and so it tries yet another tactic. When the friends of ok if your plant is very badly injured it changes the pollinators it attracts from off to hummingbirds which are active during the day. Actually one of the pollination is then taken care of by hummingbirds going up runs up on information this helps the plant to get rid of the hawk knots and that caterpillars but what exactly is it doing. To the flowers change in some way. Tests reveal that this is in fact the case. Of descent from the flowers becomes weaker. Cant sunset. The plant also keeps its flowers shot at night and only opens them again in the morning when the whole quotes are talked of. This ensures that the plant is pollinated by humming birds and not support wants. To. Be described as intelligent behavior. Bookish when into the consumer i think its a step too far to call it intelligence i prefer to think of it as complex reactions. Which were planted trying to find a solution to the critical to sometimes not so critical situation it finds itself in to ensure its survival and. I do believe. These Survival Strategies are genetically programmed and theyve evolved throughout the course of evolution to protect the plant and keep predators by. It seems we can also bribe plants with sound grapevines grow better when theyre exposed to lots of music the Great Recession and the plan some more is just into diseases at least thats what one study claims. Above next time well be talking about Climate Research we go to wonder to pay a visit to the 1st climate observatory on the african continent. Join us till then stay curious to see you soon but i. Am. Corin says. I. Rarely use. Requiem. Armstrong. Coming up on the. Navy gotta. Go for loosing bolts enjoys fun. Im stephen heinie Peanut Butter and. Tucker said denton i guess nice of the sox. By selling what they can in any preference the sox. Hero max. 30 minutes on d. W. Is for me it. Is for you. Beethoven is for health. Beethoven is for her. Is for the. Beethoven is for us. Beethoven is for. Beethoven 2020 the 250th anniversary here on deal here. How did you. Discover your concept discover with. A legend after 100 lives the ideals of the bombs are more relevant today than they were a. 100 years ago reshaped things to. People are just a design is a way of shaping society. The powerhouse of crossover. With ideas part of our future. What makes the back. Firing to this very exciting. World. Documentary stories makes w. This is d. W. News and these are our top stories as christians around the world mark good friday to isolation pope francis led ceremonies of the vatican without a Live AudienceLive Streaming his address instead as the Italian Government extended its coronavirus lockdown until