Ever since the 1st aviators sort through the air day double time that set their sights on crossing the Atlantic Ocean nonstop. The slanty but they were conquerors of Long Distances they fought against wind and weather they were in complete control of airplane technology if they were true heroes was on the wish to share it. Without todays navigational aids they flew into the unknown battling the forces of nature and their own exhaustion weather conditions in the atlantic or a horrific story sometimes because as. But in all even the atlantic this is much less a unpredictables. Several pioneering aviators lost their lives attempting to cross the Atlantic Ocean by plane. New york city that was the destination of countless migrants and adventurous. For centuries it was only possible to reach america by ship. Until 100 years ago when the age of transatlantic flight and modern travel and. The pioneers of the skies began competing for the aviation equivalent of the blue ribbon and they piloted this low loud propeller airplanes by sight to reach new york sensational flights which especially in those early days of open single engine planes could easily be fatal. Was probably the most famous transatlantic a. T. s it was the american Charles Lindbergh. On may the 20th 927. 00 lindbergh took off from long island in his monoplane the spirit of st louis. 33 and a half hours later he landed in paris and made every ace in history as the 1st person to make a solo nonstop flights across the Atlantic Ocean. But even with lindbergh there was a big crowd cheering on his takeoff from new york and a huge audience waiting for him when he landed many hours later in paris in pollys i know you see him mention men you know of in bothered. Him. America celebrated lindbergh as a national hero. On his return hundreds of thousands grease of him like a celebrity. President Calvin Coolidge presented him with the 1st ever distinguished flying cross the highest us award in aviation. Pictures of the event was seen across the world. 100. There were cameras present and the footage was shown in the newsreels. By the Media Coverage of the event in the 1920 s. Created such a lasting impression that it still etched in the public memory. But was not the 1st to conquer the atlantic by plane to british men had managed the journey 8 years earlier their time hearing achievement was largely forgotten. 1919 just one year after the end of world war one many former military flyers were unemployed they had survived air battles and dropped bombs now they tried to make ends meet in civil aviation. They presented their skills and set record after record. German military pilots could not compete because the treaty of versailles prohibited them from flying. Transatlantic nonstop flights had never been achieved. But ever since the british newspaper the daily mail had announced a prize of 10000 pounds for making the journey a race to fly across the atlantic was underway. That was an incredibly high some back then. So of course many of the lets call them war dogs were delighted to compete in that arena he says felt. In the spring of 919. 00 a small group of dead fly is gathered at an airfield in newfoundland they were going to possible to fly to europe. An american newspaper called them suicidal. For the most you say the ones who 1st made the leap across the atlantic right delist and adventurers like to just take a look at the planes from that time so its also the. Cloth covered wooden boxes with engines that generally didnt last more than 40 hours before they had to be replaced. So the risk of engine failure during a flight over the atlantic was exorbitantly high. And that sense of the word suicidal was actually quite fitting because the. 2 of these adventurous seasoned British Military pilots. Saw the 1st ones and theyre the real heroes today theyre somewhere in the shadows theyre not in the spotlight. Theyre. 2 englishman the theyve got a largely unchanged old english bomber vicars vinnie which they modified in particular they modified it to be able to take much more fuel for the distance. Of the more than 3000 kilometer long journey through the rain and snow in an open unprotected cockpit. That was because pilots back then believed that you had to be able to see what was going on outside an experienced pilot needed to feel the wind he needed to smell whether the engines were working he perceived the flight situation through his own senses. Experienced. But they had little sense of what lay ahead of them over the water. No one before them. Had flown that fine house over the open ocean. In the early afternoon of june the 14th 919 the 2 british pilots decided to take advantage of the good weather before they take off. Their plane was overloaded with fuel and struggled to ascend. One exhaust pipe tore off during takeoff let made the plane so loud that the 2 could only communicate in writing. This is how for alice they flew over the water. This is a grand excursion fog nothing but for. Some stars around to. Care for a sandwich brown scribbled bad message to his planet colleague on a piece of paper. They had offered problems with rain and snow. At the cockpit on their aircraft as an open cockpit filled with the rain water they went in. And they actually lost out the children who were tumbling toward the ocean. Just before colliding with the water alcott finally managed to regain control of the plane i could already clearly see the foam on the waves as navigator brown would lay so right. More than once the fuel gauge disappeared under snow and ice during the flight. Brown had to climb up onto the wings to clear them. After 16 and a half hours the flight the irish coast finally came into sight they flew inland close to the village of clifton they saw a meadow and decided to land there but. The matter turned out to be a bug the landing became a crash landing but they had made. Atlantica prize one british victory all cock and brown of heroes the london times herald at their success. London is celebrated in the streets king george the 5th knighted alcott and brown bus beyond the British Isles their pioneering journey was hardly mentioned and before long almost entirely forgotten. On had an alcoholic and brown had the problem of radio and Television Access that was still completely underdeveloped on myself and the interesting bits of being human in so if someone in canada decided to fly to europe the time it took for that message to reach europe caused a problem on this one so they took off from an area with relatively few people from st johns on the canadian island of newfoundland and the place where they landed in ireland was also remote landed and. All your friends when the people from the nearest airfield arrived they asked what are you doing here thats with me had no idea that these were the 1st to conquer the north atlantic. Atlantic but you know. Just 3 weeks later on july the 6th 919 an airship crossed the atlantic for the 1st time. This rare footage shows the arrival of the british for in new york the lighter than air craft was largely based on the germans and. The journey to new york took 108 hours just over 4 days and nights it was the 1st flights from east to west against the prevailing wind out. Action. 3 days after learning the r 34. 00 set off back to europe with a tail wind blowing west to east the return trip took only 75. 00 alice just over 3 days. But the majestic airships could no longer keep pace with the new age in which speed was everything within 10 years commercial airplane travel within europe had become almost commonplace. The German Airline dartrey love tons are offered flights from munich to what was then the pression city of clinics back and also to madrid and copenhagen. Life was becoming increasingly fast paced and distances were effectively shrinking. In the berlin district of temple hall of a new airport with modern check in counters was opened. By flying across the atlantic from east to west against the wind that remained a dream. Until the end of the 920 s. That is when the story of that 1st transatlantic journey began in temple it was pioneered by live turns as night flight director in temple hall of hammond. Curve was a highly decorated world war one military pilots he chose a very special plane for his attempt the young curse w 33. 00 a single engine all metal aircraft. It was more weatherproof and reliable than the cloth covered wooden planes. It was a custom made model built especially for the transatlantic flight. There was no door supply. It had to enter through the hatch. Additional fuel tanks were installed in the wings airbags were added intended to keep the plane afloat in case of Emergency Landing on board. The engine had 50 horsepower more than the standard model the additional tanks held some 2000 pieces of fuel and yet it wasnt clear whether this would be enough. Calculating the precise amount of fuel needed for a manually controlled visual flight was impossible especially if the plane were to encounter atlantis storms. 14927 the 1st attempt to cross the atlantic westward failed to w. 33 the braman and the road her ran into bad weather and had to turn back. The europa crashed and only the braman managed to return. But coup was undeterred together with his partner evan fleet going to have fun who know if it from braman he began searching for sponsors because what they needed above all was funding. The new uniphase the press officer at German Shipping Company not the actual lloyd made it his mission to secure it. Continued for a while and it was a committed and determined person it got sealants he couldnt fly because the result of the party did want to board a true free by accident his health was very poor he was blind in one eye and needed a monocle to see with the other one or plus he had a war injury and hed have a lot of stomach surgery and all he was an ailing person i think had the bends but his enthusiasm and his vision of crossing the atlantic were stronger than the obstacles the aca. And had he gathered up all the private assets he still had and invested them in this flight had in his new. Luke in lists years if we had in mind their lives as we hear him he said fine ah cancel my Life Insurance because when he put up 80000 marks and said ill buy the plane but then i want to fly it to. Every dimitriou. And huna for both agreement from aircraft designer who got younkers with this plane they wanted to attempt the journey again in spring 928 but it was risky several pilots had lost their lives trying to make the east West Crossing and more and more people were saying that single engine planes were completely unsuitable for the route because of that one engine failed your luck was over. It without there was a Smear Campaign saying that this was a mad endeavor. That it was impossible to cross the atlantic from europe to america nonstop by plane when so many what is she is so the pressure on them was rising meow and mel. d lived turns out threatened to fire her if you attempted the flight to manila thors hes also wanted to stop him. So crew decided to do it clandestinely. In the Early Morning of march 26th 928 the breman set off from tampa whove. Had officially scheduled a test flight to death so its become for the crew when it became clear that curly intended to attempt the flight anyway the aviation officials were ordered to confiscate the plane and. That curt overflew death the test flight was a ruse the real target was ireland wake her and from whom if it wanted to make a stopover before crossing the atlantic. Island is the westernmost. Of europe which is why most pioneers chose it as their destination or departure point. Not far from the capital dublin lies bell donald the main base of the irish air force. Landed on the airfield in march 928 hoping for support was. The whole of on his own failed combing through donald for the force leg of the transatlantic flight. To the government here and got permission to use piled on us to the city ready. The irish air corps in bel donal was led by another passionate pilots d commandant James Fitzmaurice d. d d d the irishman also dreamed of conquering the atlantic by plane and like he had already attempted the journey once before despite not sharing a language the 3 aviators got along immediately gets morris he was Commanding Officer and bow down here at the time was able to use the resources of the station troops to dig the ground to put the Railway Sleepers in to put the fuel on the aircraft of if you are the food you know get the weather forecasts are back on a store saw the results of a military aviation station were poured into action boy fitzmaurice for this flight just before. But the weather wasnt playing along. In early april 928. 00 it rained for several days in a row. The airfield had grounds landing fields which became so sucky that it was impossible to take off in a plane overloaded with field. Curve proposed taking fitzmaurice on the flight. The irishman was delighted he saw it as an opportunity to me. For his failed 1st attempt. Crew was also happy. With the experienced pilots on board as well they would be able to take turns steering the long flight. April 12th 928 at last it was telling. At 5 12 am the engine was started the pilots left warm up for a quarter of an hour it was running quietly and evenly. Describe the scene the rescue vehicles are already in position if they take off aerials theyll dig us out of the rubble. At 5 30 am the command was given to remove the chocks the plane began to roll its takeoff weight was more than 3 and a half tons it only slowed accelerated. The plane lumbered into the air and jolted downwards. But then it was a loft and flying towards america. Once theyd crossed ireland the atlantic appeared with a lighthouse greasing in the distance. Before long we were flying over bare red cliffs and the atlantic was beneath us it was almost as if it felt respect for the silver bird flying over it. There was only a gentle swirl and gently rippled waves to the south there was a steamer that 1st and last one of the long flight. But before long dark clouds appeared on the iranians and. The spectacle. The weather turned bad and they only had a compass with them and they came into such strong winds that he began to think theyd have to turn around. Blue ford drifted over the sea. Behind that the massive dark cloud it was piling up. It became horribly cold. So the headwinds pushing against them or the pushing them off course they have navigated through storms very bad weather throughout all of the storms to navigate by the stars coming down to the sea level to see what way the winds are affecting the waves on the spray to get wind direction and then having to go back to get the medium so Everything Everything was stacked against them between whether or not engaged in communication. The wind grabbed the plane and hold it wards the way the wings trembled at times the aircraft seemed on the verge of bursting apart so i one stage i think you were able to 12 hours into the flight and fitzmorris had to open the cockpit stand on the seat get down into the on to the floor to feel around work because there was fluid there that in the words engine oil are our fuel he came back or locked the cockpit down wrote a note and said we have a problem. Engine damage at this stage would have meant certain death as the men well knew and the plane a kind of course in the storm. But when morning dawned they saw they were flying over ice and snow over land was this labrador in canada beneath them how much longer with the engine hold out they changed course to fly south east and search for some sign of civilization then they spotted a light when they lowered your altitude they realize that this. On green you oil and so the soil they stay fleury all are secular around the oil and until they found a flock ready which turned out to be a frozen lake if you put the aircraft down on a pair for tree point i mean. The landing gear broke into the ice and was damaged but theyve made it they were in north america after 36. 00 and a half hours in the air. Only later when they realized that they could even if made it to new york. When they measured the fuel that was in the aircraft after they landed a really low is that they had flown toys the distance if you had gone straight on to new york theyd flown toys that distance were all the zig zagging when they measured the feel they had they had marginal fuels to carry on. In new york the 3 transatlantic audiences were given a rousing reception a confetti parade on 5th avenue thats a cost everything seem to be full. Of the 2000000 people lined the streets to cheer them. On the site but at least to speak it really shows how tremendously excited people were about this is chief mount and not just officials but the general population of this well. In new york Hammond Cooper was reunited with his wife elizabeth who had always supported her husband and feared for his safety. If they moved before him so try to imagine explaining to your wife or your find somewhere to go and that you dont know whether youll be coming back but her mark kirk was so enthusiastic and so focused on the floor that his wife said ok in the head and afterwards she sent a telegram he called repeatedly and she wrote i remember your peter. David brame in 3 in america everywhere the irishman and the 2 germans went in the u. S. They were celebrated as heroes. In chicago in st louis they were made on really citizens there pioneering deed became a symbol of peace and international understandings. 10 years before the bremen slate and britain and germany were at war and or in being part of the British Empire it was at war with germany so im sure that cole and fitzmorris recognized this and this is a moment in history. To braman 3 were also congratulated by Charles Lindbergh who had successfully says his own record by flying the same routes in the opposite direction the previous year. In washington they were received by president coolidge who presented coup for him in a fit and fitzmorris with the distinguished flying cross they were the 1st non americans to receive this award. In braman germany their reception was as momentous as the one in america german could lay still recall the event the tremendous impression this reception made rodders the uplifting certainty that we had become tools for building bridges from country to country from continent to continent. At the end of june there was a reception in berlin where it had all begun. But we are running out what we set out here in silence to do has resulted in a tremendous welcome a huge enthusiasm in the nations of this world. You know a lot regarding the wrong im not here and on the. Run. From the bottom of my heart i thank you all for the welcome you have given us here. After all such a small leap over the water. Had to be taken. Down one. Of the pioneers of aviation were men. And if you would surround the world courageous female pilots were also conquering the air. In germany there were 21. 00 women flying at the beginning of the 930. 00 s. Societies in the west was still largely conservative and patriarchal despite the raucous image of the previous decade most female aviators started out as aerobatic pilots performing at flying shows to cheering audiences some later set their sights on new records year. They had a very special careers. Were highly energetic individuals who you might say were obsessive about their vision. They managed to get themselves to the same level as their male colleagues they were fanatical about flying and took on challenges where it wasnt clear whether they could make it like top level athletes or suffer as. They were heroines in the public eye at that time. And. Many female pilots had male role models. For the chairman. It was hamman coo although she didnt utter lies him. Because he had looked like a hero then i would have gone home and figured alright thats the way it is. But he was stuck in a bit closer to the image of an ordinary citizen. So i thought to myself my god if you can do it then maybe i can. Be next morning i went straight to the president of the aero club who said. My dear child settle down and marry a nice man and im sure you dont have the money to buy yourself a plane so. Only buying one became world famous for her Long Distance flights in 1982 she became the 1st female pilot to circumnavigate the earth covering 31000 flight calamitous she did not shy away from being a woman in a male domain. Nor did the american pilots i mean its probably the most famous female pilots in the world became the 1st woman to successfully fly nonstop from america to europe so to. Bad weather forced her to make an Emergency Landing in london derry in Northern Ireland on may 20th 932 but she too had conquered the atlantic she became an idol for Young American women. And fought for equality and respect she was the 1st woman to receive the distinguished flying cross presented to her by president hoover. And media earhart was not only brave she also encouraged other female pilots saying if women are passionate about flying not only as a sport but as an everyday means of transportation then aviation will advance all by itself. In 1987 earhart trying to become the 1st person to circumnavigate the earth along the quayside. She took off from new guinea on july 2nd on one of the last legs of her journey. Her destination was Howland Island in the Central Pacific but she and her navigator never arrived. Officially Amelia Earharts was lost at sea research to determine exactly what happened to her is still ongoing but so far her disappearance we manes a mystery. Another pioneering aviation it was there all markham from britain. She crossed the atlantic in september 936 in the difficulty flying against the wind from england to america. Before taking off in london she said these words to the assembled press. Like sarah palin. Right there at the. Barrel mark him had bad luck but survived her feline froze over the atlantic and she almost crashed miraculously she was able to reach nova scotia wishy crash landed the planes nose got stuck in a people. Fortunately markham was only slightly injured. She feared the crash. Disqualify her record attempt but it didnt. Occur plain brought her to new york the next day where her arrival was celebrated. Like matter of fact. There almost him was a professional pilot in east africa cross the african bush accompanied safaris and flew mail after she retired from her pilot career she withdrew from the public eye and broke books. West with the night became a bestseller. Aviation raechel its usually brought fame to those who set them they also paved the way for commercial aviation mail planes with the 1st to regularly fly between europe and america flying saves time time is money and there was profit to be made from flying and stock market nice. 19th century. And temple. The major hub for transport to north america and even further to rio de janeiro. But the. Plane would leave berlin with a nightmare when the evening toward spain. Later the mail was loaded on to see planes and bathurst. Was atlantics from the start of the next day they would fly across the atlantic and by the following morning my mail would be in brazil 24 hours after it had left berlin. Seaplane such as the dorney i. Used for the m. L. Service at 1st they couldnt manage a nonstop transatlantic flight and had to be refueled in midocean. Supply ships with position for this purpose and the pilots would locate them with the help of radio. It might seem like a lot of effort for mail but it was one that paid off most of it was business. And it served as a test run for another development. Dammit this laid the foundations for the development of Passenger Air travel. Having this air mail route to south america where many germans lived was a good way to test long haul flights from. The goal of transporting paying passengers in flying boats across the atlantic seemed within reach. In the mid 930 s. One of the most important landing sites for the fixed wing sea planes was built on the west coast of ireland 4 winds on the banks of the river shannon. A perfectly protected water area acted as a natural runway for large aircraft at the end of the 1930 s. Fines became the 1st hub of the burgeoning chance atlantic passenger traffic. So we were in the middle of the atlantic so you left from new york you went to new finland you had to come here you reshoot and all of that and then continue to africa are porch so in that sense this became the center between western east. In the summer of 939 long range flying boats like the boeing 314 clipper used by the american pan am and british b. O. H. Began regularly transporting passengers between the old and the new world. Never before had travelling between europe and america been so fast but it was very expensive. If you were just passenger. Train to 2223 passengers crossing the atlantic so that they had comfort they had better if they wish to venture into fleiss they were on dress and their shoes would be taken by the stewards polished their jackets pressed back of the morning. On board of the highest standard fresh food prepared to board by 2 stewards in the galley so you have. Thats the kind of level because it was a known journey i mean sometimes you could be 13 or 14 hours between newfoundland and finds depending on the weather. Luxury voyages across the atlantic in sea planes a mere 10 years after coup from uniphase and fitzmorris is pioneering flight. In germany meanwhile the focus was no longer on flying but instead engineers were working on nonstop flights from berlin to new york the nazi regime invested money in developing new planes. Its massive. Now imagine airplanes capable of carrying more passengers and more cargo and of being able to fly the Long Distances reliably. On such plane was the focus of with f. W. 200 a 4 engine propeller aircraft in the summer of 938 its manufacture attempted to set a record. Passenger seats were replaced by extra fuel tanks and on august 10th the plane took off from the west of berlin without the public noticing. Its destination was new york captain his copilot. Radio operator vita corba Flight Engineer paul de about their. Crew wanted to attempt the nonstop journey and they modify plane. So he got the plane had actually been designed only for continental flights but there was always been a vision of using it for long haul flights and the trip across the atlantic showcased this vision. 25 hours after takeoff the flock of f. W. 200. 00 reached new york an airplane with a swastika flying over Floyd Bennett field in the american metropolis. It was a perfectly states propaganda move. To direct flights between berlin and new york seemed to solidify the connection and the german atlantic pioneers was celebrated as hero. But soon after world war 2 eradicated civil aviation. Learned to fly during the 2nd world war once again airplanes were carrying bombs instead of passengers and yes. The real professionalization of transatlantic flights took place amazingly during the 2nd world war for love to sort of. War planes built in the u. S. And canada flew over the atlantic to be used in battle in europe. I dont feel its between 194119458 total of 37000 aircraft were brought by air from the us to europe thats about 20 flights a day the target for sponsors. Wall a brutal driver of modernization. Germany made 950 s. After the 2nd world war the allies did not allow lufthansa to fly until 955. Meanwhile atlanta flights had become almost commonplace but they were still lengthy it will be as if you do not like if we take a look at the 1st flights over the atlantic starting from here in hamburg the plane would leave here in the evening at 7 pm in 1st britons with its 1st clue within germany either to descend or for frankfurt where more passengers could board the position starting from. Next the plane continued to ireland where it had to make another stop even at this time planes could not make it across the atlantic without refueling and engine maintenance. Around 10 pm the plane was finally ready to begin its transatlantic flight. This leg of the journey took around 10. Passengers would lead to new york some 13 hours after boarding and flights were exorbitantly expensive if not the york in the flight from hamburg to new york in Economy Class a cost 2650. 00 marks for it at that time average employees are in between 2300. 00 marks a month meaning were talking about spending an entire years salary on one flight. To dave a journey across the atlantic takes 6 to 8 hours and flights are affordable in fact aviation has become such a master naaman and that its a problem the pioneers we need now are those who can make flying as climate neutral as possible something the dead level pilots of a century ago could hardly have imagined. Blame. Blame blame. Blame blame blame blame. Mr nisbet strong tally maybe jump the biggest skiing region in the world slopes instead of pristine nature. And an annoying Mountain Peak just blasted away. Because dimmers won it so thats the bottom line. Is that really true. The much tourism coming out a span. Of 30 minutes. To success talent. That makes both choosing a career in finding a job easy so they say but do special counsel automatically lead to success. What does a talented person mean to get started in a career and how many talented people does the job market mean. Made in germany. Minutes on w. Earth. Home to millions of species a home worth saving. Heres what those are big changes and most start with small steps global ideas tell stories of creative people and to innovate. Projects around the world like to use the term the climate used to Green Energy Solutions and reforestation. The Community Interactive content teaching the next generation about Environmental Protection and more determined to build something here for the next generation the 12 years the multimedia environment series on t. W. This is news and these are our top stories the u. S. Senate has formally opened the impeachment trial against President Donald Trump chief Justice John Roberts will be presiding over the trial has sworn in the senators as jurors chief prosecutor adam schiff read the charges against trump for