His state of the nation the tress to strengthen parliament and propose a referendum on a package of constitutional changes to democratic president ial candidates face off in that final deal paid before the Iowa Caucuses in the United StatesForeign Policy close at global trade and health care are amongst the top issues. Storming the stasi east Germany Secret Police were feared and hated today marks the 30 years civil rights activists forced their way into starting headquarters the beach that lent prevented the destruction of their lives and files for the company state. Im phil gail welcome to the program. China poses an existential threat to International Human rights that assessment is contained in the latest annual report from Human Rights Watch the u. S. Based Group Condemns what it calls chinas domestic repression and its attempts to censor critics abroad they urge the International Community to challenge beijings actions or face what they describe as a dystopian future ahead of Human Rights Watch was due to release a report in hong kong but was denied entry so kind of threw off held a press conference in new york instead the Chinese Government is trying with increasing ferocity to use its economic and diplomatic clout to silence critical voices abroad and to undermine global institutions that protect human rights chinas obviously long censored critics at home the government is now trying to extend that censorship to the rest of the world. Straight to the Chinese Capital than additives ability to joins us from beijing welcome it is beijings human rights record has been criticized for some time i have events in hong kong and with the wingers have they worsened it further. Yeah you can say its all though we are talking about 2 very different situations in hong kong we are talking about the erosion of Civil Liberties in from a previously high level and allegations of Police Brutality against demonstrators that have been worrying many people but it is nothing compared to what we are seeing in xinjiang where we are syrian really seeing dystopian situation the internment of possibly millions of people in re education camps and. Surveillance state and Racial Discrimination that is unprecedented since world war 2 so of course these. Revelations about what has been happening in xinjiang since 2017 that is when the 1st reports about of about this mass Repression Campaign this very. Unprecedented. Repression against a whole group ethnic group came out this has is of course a new dimension to chinas human rights record and so when this report from Human Rights Watch talks about chinas threats to critics abroad who are they talking about. Members of the weaker community have reported several times that they have been threatened by. Agents brought that their family members in china have been have disappeared and that their lives have been used to put pressure on them their fate has been used to put pressure on them we also see pressure on countries to to expel or to send weak is back to china we have seen some cases in. Our stand for people who are also. Victims of this oppression and we have also heard cases from egypt and from turkey overall china has been pressuring countries that are economically dependent to voice support for this campaign against the week as we have seen a number of countries signing an open letter that supports these policies and we have also seen pressure by china on the United Nations organizations those who deal with human rights violations. In beijing thank you all hong kong is just one of the focal points of chinas repression activists there accuse beijing of using the Territories Police to enforce a policy of ever greater brutality but support for the communist party line amongst Hong Kong Police is not universal some officers are risking their jobs or indeed worse by speaking out heres more from mathias but. When david chan joined the Hong Kong Police force a few years ago he never thought that he would see scenes like these david chan is not his real name. Base was last november when protesters and Police Clashed for hours on a University CampusHong Kong Police had come on the massive attack. And david says its not only the physical threats that affect morale. Theyve been working long hours theyve been blamed fingers pointed at them its very exhausting both physically and mentally. This is what hes talking about criticising and often could sing at the police many offices are on edge theyve been accused of indiscriminate arrests beating up subdued protesters and threatening to shoot guys into apartments. Videos of Police Brutality circulating online. Bystanders who get into arguments with her says risk getting pepper sprayed a clear violation of the rules thats david you know. Im just frustrated because some offices really just like the protestors and honestly they really want to beat them up but i think this isnt the right mentality we should be impartial as Police Offices we shouldnt take sides he says hes currently doing as much as 100 hours of overtime every month while he isnt serving at the frontline as he often heist to be at the site of demonstrations david is hiding his identity feel being bullied by protesters online and he worries about professional repercussions. As a member of the Hong Kong Police force i shouldnt be criticizing it in public but as a citizen of hong kong i have to say the Senior Officers have basically messed it up. Ive lived. Officials deny the police have done anything wrong the police has been the focus of the demonstrators since june when they 1st violently broke up a protest. Since then public anger has steadily grow especially among the young david says most of his friends have turned their back on him in the past 6 months. I was a bit upset about it because they were my good friends but then i thought about it theres nothing i can do. He says several of his colleagues have quit their jobs but while hes at odds with the current tactics he has no intention to leave. I should be staying in the police force and try to maintain the right mentality and to uphold the values of the police. Its a tough challenge for david stuck between loyalty and dollars. After a quick look at some of the other stories making news around the world britain france and germany have formally accused iran of violating the terms of the 2015 agreement to curb its Nuclear Program e. U. Foreign policy chief jurors that burrell says the aim is to bring teheran back into compliance but it could spell the end of the a court and a return to sanctions. Germany has invited libyas warring factions to berlin this weekend in a new push for peace it comes after talks in moscow aimed at solving the abuse conflict ended instead of meet the countrys un recognized Prime Minister fires alsa rausch and rebel leaders. Have both been invited. The u. S. House of representatives will vote later on a resolution to send articles of impeachment against President Trump to the Senate House Speaker nancy pelosi has also signaled that she will name the lawmakers we serve as house managers for a senate trial. Now the race to decide which democrat will challenge donald trump for the u. S. Presidency this year hes heating up former Vice President joe biden and senator Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren were amongst the top 6 candidates who took part in a t. V. Debate on tuesday night it was the last debate before the democratic primary season begins in iowa in 3 weeks the polls suggest the race will be tight. A last chance for 6 remaining candidates to make their case before the democratic primaries begin and the candidates use their chance to attack President Trump on his Foreign Policy decisions vermont senator Bernie Sanders issued a stark warning about the fall out of killing the radio in general soleimani the 2 great Foreign Policy disasters of our lifetimes or the war in vietnam and the war in iraq. Both of those wars were based on law. And right now what i fear very much is we have a president who is lying again and could drag us into a war that is even worse than the war in iraq moderate frontrunner joe biden criticize President Trump of his decision to pull out american troops in syria Vice President biden would you leave troops in the middle east or would you pull them out i think its a mistake to pull out the straw the small number of troops that are there now to deal with isis ah trump offered his own counter programming at a rally in milwaukee in battleground state wisconsin he defended his decision to kill soleimani the old saw a man who was responsible for murdering and wounded thousands of americans it was actively planning new attacks but we stopped them cold was frankly they already started the attack as you saw in baghdad on our very large embassy in baghdad that was already started. Scene a moment to remember was a standoff between Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren warren accused sanders to have said a woman could not be elected president of the United States i think the best way to talk about who can win is by looking at peoples winning record so kind of woman beat donald trump look at the man on this stage collectively they have lost 10 elections the only people on this stage who have won every single election that theyve been in are the women amy thank. God Bernie Sanders rejected the allegation. And i do want to thank you for saying that you never told senator warren that a woman could not win the election that is correct the last debate before the primaries but a real winner did not emerge good news for joe biden who avoided a blunder this time and that can consolidate his position as the front runner of the Democratic Party. Lets get more on this from doris foreman who is professor of politics at bob to college and welcome to the studio professor who do you think had the best of last nights debate its hard to tell i mean this has been the 7th debate so people are aware of it the voting the viewership has gone dont over time so we dont even know whether it will have much of an impact. The way that its been discussed is that biden did well in knots as we just saw having any any blunders there was a rift that many saw between warren and and senators but i think the real default lines of the arguments lie elsewhere and its mostly a question of whether the Democratic Party wants to return to a status quo and im too so with the Party Establishment line of Hillary Clinton which would be biden slime or if it wants to take a new direction and i think this is what the caucuses and the primary. It would be mostly about and of course i would the last couple of weeks weve seen events in iran build up the debate opened on Foreign Policy what do we learn about the candidates positions well again i mean this is interesting because Foreign Policy normally is not a very important issue in american politics it tends to be discussed at the very end so there was a bit of a shift here but we didnt learn a lot of new things the positions of the different candidates the candidates were relatively ambivalent most of them emphasized were going to do it differently from trump but the proposal its remade relative be fake. This is the last t. V. Debate before the start of the primary season so how significant are the Iowa Caucuses and who to polls suggest will win well the polls right now look as those sent sanders is leading in the polls for the i walk caucus its important symbolically mostly because obviously there will be a lot of caucuses and primaries all the way into the summer and the decisions in iowa arent arent final but it is the 1st of 1st encounter a 1st real encounter with the candidates and their chances so whatever it takes iowa has at least the lead in the beginning money is speaks loudly in these elections in the body count Sanders Campaign says it raised 1700000. 00 yesterday from 100000. 00 donations that best fundraising day since the campaign was launched. We can confirm this figure but if its true what does this tell us well its surprising 1st of all because hes one of the oldest candidates in the field he had a heart attack so that people would bet for him and put money into his complaint is a signal its important in american politics its very expensive to even become a president ial candidate so the money really doesnt matter and many of the candidates that dropped out of the race cory booker and and others coming to harrahs dropped out because they ran out of funds so it is very important for the senators campaign its also some bollix sign ok and briefly much is being made of Elizabeth Warrens apparent refusal to shake Bernie Sanders hand what do you make of that i think in 2 weeks time nobody really will remember i dont know about his former professor of politics at bard college at bennett thank you. Russian president Vladimir Putin has used his annual address to parliament to propose a series of constitutional changes he said he would tighten the criteria for anyone seeking to become president i exclude citizens of things mr putin went on to say he wanted to give parliament the right to choose the Prime Minister and he said he wanted the changes to be put to the russian people in a referendum which. Considering that the proposed innovations relate to significant changes in the political system the activities of the executive legislative and judicial branches i consider it necessary to conduct a vote by the countrys citizens on an entire package of proposed amendments to the countrys constitution. Straight to moscow that would join t. W. Correspondent emily show welcome emily what else did we hear from president clinton. Well prison proposed a huge range of constitutional changes which would give the main point was that they would give more power to essentially elected institutions to the upper and lower houses of parliament for example before the president proposed to the Prime Minister and the cabinet to the duma the lower house of parliament and then the duma accepted that usually and now its going to be the other way around so the duma will propose the Prime Minister and the cabinet of ministers and when it comes to the upper house of parliament they will suggest changes to the president on the judiciary and on the judiciary if its seen s. As necessary and on the Security Services he also proposes giving more power to the state council which is made up of Regional Governors putin emphasized that russia wont be changing to a parliamentary republic it will still be a president ial system but it does seem that the parliament both houses of the parliament will get more power under these proposed changes so with. This referendum i think there were other things in there that seem to suggest that mr putin was extending russias democracy. Well essentially yes i mean hes proposing giving more power to elected institutions hes also proposing kind of de centralizing the system by giving more power to those Regional Governors as i just mentioned he also talked all throughout the this address about the importance of giving people the power back to the people essentially and for people to have a sense of justice and also a sense that there are there is a desire for change among people he emphasized that all throughout he didnt actually mention the word referendum but he did propose a vote so well have to see what shape that vote will take so hes president ial term i think im sincere for years do people expect him to just take his pension and then disappear to go watch daytime television. Whoa whoa sensually we dont know as you rightly mentioned his term ends in 2024 in the sense essential since his this last term. This last president ial term of his began in 2018 people have been discussing whats going to happen next because according to the constitution he cant be president again hes been president for 2 terms in a row now and so he would have to take on some other role but we dont know what that role within the system will be he could take on the role of pm he could take on some kind of role within the parliament or even within the state council but its clear that he even though hes not making any decisions about his own future or hasnt mentioned them at least he certainly paving the way for that transition in 2024 or. So into. 30 years ago today people in communist east germany stole they had court of the cut of the countrys spy agency the stasi just weeks after the fall of the berlin wall they feared officials would destroy the millions of files they had kept on each. Present from fish time i visited the former stasi headquarters in berlin to mark the anniversary he praised Public Access to the stasi files as a deeply democratic act that allowed an inside look into a dictatorship president also vowed to do his part to keep the stasi archives open to the public. Politics reporter maximally on akashic has been looking into this that welcome maximillian. The stasi was one of the biggest secret Police Forces in the world give us an idea of how they shaped each German Society is this look at the idea if how big this apparatus was to understand how much of an impact it had full of the east and jim society so 90000 officials have been working as part of the stasi another 170000 informal what has have been like spying on their neighbors and that even their families have been part of the stasi group and then of course 250000 people have been imprisoned by the last of the stasi not mentioning those who has been intimidated or otherwise being restricted through the walk office doesnt ok stay with us because that is a say 30 years ago activists prevented the struction of those surveillance files and one of them one of the people who took part has been telling us what happened he was there both going templi hm a former east german civil rights campaigner 30 years ago he and other demonstrators pushed their way into east germany star as the headquarters its still the resting place of thousands of files on citizens who were spied on. Yusof is all yes i said so you know what we want this peaceful disarmament of our actual takeover of the whole thing will happen a lot faster theres no placebo was open the gate the storming of no man in street was a key moment after stasi buildings and other cities had already been occupied in the preceding months several 1000 people now poured into the berlin headquarters. Was the staff the workers tried to destroy files up until the very last minute but the activists were able to rescue most of those files. But the fight to save the files was far from one that took a Hunger Strike extreme effort on our part to convince west german elites politicians and those who wanted to keep a lid on this for various reasons. After all nobody knew exactly how sensitive the information that hes germanys state security had collected was in the end the files were made accessible to the public templin applied to see his own. It was certainly a unique experience i was part of the 1st group that got to see the files in 1930. 9 u. S. An opposition figure it was highly unlikely that a very comprehensive file a whited me it was very thora but there was also one from the 1st half of the 1970s that was classified as a pup a try to follow. For 2 years template himself was an unofficial stasi informant he ultimately quit and got involved with civil Rights Groups later he was arrested and kicked out of east germany. After the fall of the berlin wall he returned and took part in the negotiations to dissolve the stand but he still struggling to cope with what happened to this day. A lot of people say yeah well it was so long ago. If we think about the nazi era and im not saying that the same just comparing that to it took decades to process the monstrous things that happened back then. You have a. The stasi files will be transferred to the National Archives from 2021 as long as they remain easily accessible to ordinary people templin has no problem with that. So much really on a culture which 30 years on those files are still a sensitive and emotional issue yes because as we heard and as for its like something that has impacted the lives the work of the stars has impacted life so many people in the former east germany and of course they like it affected how you thought about things what you were able to say who you said things to like were you able to trust your neighbors your friends in regards to this aware of informants and of course it also affects careers of people so for example still today if you are wanting to become an official for the German Government you can be investigated if you have been involved in the stasi even 30 years later and the same people who have been in for with the stasi can still be discovered today and that of course reflects on how these people seem even if they were coerced to work with the stasi and so the way that germany has handled these files opening them up to the public is not in any way seen as a template for other countries who are trying to come to terms with their own experiences of a police state i think its very unique so far in the sense that of course germany was at the forefront of dealing with this issue and like taking also in a lot of different parts of the German Society dedicating institutions dedicating research to educating parts of the government to this issue up to the parliament and of course other countries have been looking to this person trying to gain from the experience but i think as we see this is always something that is very individual for each country and that is Lessons Learned but theres also a critic that for some but generally still needs to address theres a lot of criticism for the fact that these are now becoming part of the National Archives and as weve had there is worry that these files therefore will not be to public as much anymore and that there wont be treated with the same care and sensitivity and sums of recession in terms of protection of these funds thats really kasich thank you. This is datable news from berlin up next made in germany reports on the felix young entrepreneur stuff yet she can keep up with the news by checking our website e. W. Dot com. World news for you at the top of the hour i will go into. The fall. To. Excess talent. In makes gold choosing a career and finding a job easy so they say but do special talents automatically lead to success. What does a talented person need to get started in a career and how many talented people does the job market. Made in germany. On d. W. E. Coli africa. Overfishing is a serious problem and go along the authorities are trying to stop Illegal Fishing promotes sustainable message that we believe today is Marine Resources are tomorrows goal thats why we have to protect our ecosystems coward fishermen copayment a new regulation. Eco africa 60 minutes on the w. On the road with our superheroes my mission is clear blue kushti good and me closely explore germany. 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