These in the davis fall flung parts of the world is being affected by Climate Change. Scientists here are searching for solutions to one of the greatest environmental threats of our time. To do that theyre prepared to forgo Natural Light for months on end. S. M. I. Seeing the sun again was amazing everyone went out to take a lot. For this report we traveled to germany southern most Scientific Research facility. Were taking a direct flight from cape town south africa to antarctica. Theres just time for a quick farewell photo that we board a russian built transport aircraft. Along with scientists and technicians from 10 different countries. Technician halakhah shubert is heading for the new Maya Research station. The hardly a new comer hes looking forward to the visit. Whats in the sky what you can see the normal station when we fly over the gray and the icebergs its all fantastic. Ive been doing this for 19 years now so its a bit like coming home because you know its not. All go and the rest of the passengers change into the cold weather gear. The planes russian crew took off from an asphalt runway now theyre getting ready to land on a sheet of ice. A religious icon just to be on the safe side. The lending is perfect. For you and the other german experts had originally planned to travel straight on to the new maya station about 700 kilometers away but theyll have to wait. For the all of the authorship will unload the equipment check everything there and then stay here for a few days. He cant go now that you know the weather ignore my is really bad we cant get there because. Its not exactly clear how long theyll be stuck here. They only vassie like i was driving the new arrivals to a Russian Research station called normal outside of scale its also known as the oasis the station opened in 1901. Relics from the early days of antarctica research. A russian station is located on one of the few parts of antarctica not completely covered with ice. Inside its pretty cozy you can also watch russian state t. V. Says. The station staff are happy to welcome stranded guests. And. There you go i spent most of his adult life working in the arctic and antarctic. Back in the 1980 s. My had to spend the winter at the north pole. My wife was pregnant at the time my daughter was born while i was away i held her in my arms for the 1st time when she was 8 months old. The antarctic contains about 90 percent of the earths supply of fresh water much of it in the form of glaciers. Antarctica also has the worlds coldest climate. One of the russians take some of the german visitors to visit a beautiful ice cave. And. The only way to get inside is to crawl on all fours. The i. C. R. C. Thousands of years old this part of the white continent appears blue. Temperatures can on rare occasions even drop to minus 50 here on the coast of antarctica. The cold doesnt bother these Adelie Penguins which are common along the entire antarctic. Theyre not used to seeing strangers and they come over to investigate. These and see and or your dailies and particular very curious you will come right up to you and there are lots of fun to have around some of the look which was. Now 3 days later were finally on our way to the new minor station located on the x. To an ice shelf in east antarctica. And then all of a sudden there it is the German Research station. The staff who have spent the winter here give the new arrivals a warm welcome. The equipment has to be unloaded quickly the pilots want to take off when the weather is still good. Form the station has been cut off from the outside world for 8 months old. The facility it looks like a space ship on stilts. For many of the staff this is the 1st time on the continent including dr begich tecla back. Moments and this is when you 1st arrive youll sort of overwhelmed by the fact that youre in antarctica but this place has been made is german is this possible for better or for worse or not. And you can help yourself to typical german candy for instance. And in the well stocked pantry you can find Food Products that are available in any german supermarket. Dr be a good checker bag is used to carrying out complex operations but up to now shes only had to carry out routine checks. Gallia they dont have any in. Sex here or any flu viruses we just have contact with the same people to meet in contact but in some cases when these people return home and encounter normal circumstances theyll find that their stay here has affected their immune system lets you in the camps and had. To get worked as a surgeon at a hospital and one off for more than 20 years but was intrigued by a newspaper ad about a job offer at the new myer station. She took the position after her 4 grown children gave their approval. I also myself whether i wanted to spend the rest of my career until my retirement doing the same morning rounds at the hospital. Or perhaps it was time for something new i still want to know where i got. The outdoor working conditions are extreme. Every day scientists. And most of us set off to do their research on penguins. Although we always take along emergency supplies including a tent. The ice here extends 200 meters beneath the surface. A few kilometers away we see the 1st ice floes large expanses of white that float on the sea surface theres nothing here but ice. And emperor penguins. These birds thrive in this harsh habitat. Lot and osama are studying this penguin colony on behalf of the german governments and. Arent agency. The birds breed in the extreme cold of the dark winter the scientists are monitoring the chicks picked. Thankful that this point theyve grown quite a bit. And the parents often leave them alone while they go to look for food. From those now the chicks are slowly starting to form groups amongst themselves and that will give them some protections that. Are going to launch a drone to help them count how many penguins are in the colony. The camera takes photographs at specific intervals ideally those pictures should have quite a bit of overlap so that afterwards we can take the photos and piece them together. Preliminary estimates put the population of this colony at about 26000. The penguins migrate to the frozen sea ice every year to breed and raise their young. But some experts say the Climate Change could threaten the birds existence. Explains why. Do you think. That this particular colonies theres a real risk that the structure of the sea ice that they breed on will change. If the temperature rises on the ice recedes or breaks up earlier than expected the penguins breeding season will be cut short or maybe theyll have no place to breed at all. That could threaten the future of the entire colony here. Its important to us that people in germany for example find out what is happening here and realize we need to protect these. Its. Just something has to be done now not in 30 is it yesterday. Was. Penguins have hardly any natural enemies in the antarctic. During the summer months emperor penguins forage the icy waters for food. After breeding the male incubates the female single egg during some of the harshest winter weeks. The researchers often find the carcasses of penguin chicks that have died in the extreme cold. Alexander vento and ben one of alice take the birds body back to their lab to try to determine the cause and time of death. To it isnt the use of by that i mean they probably died 2 or 3 months ago does she but you can tell by their size. These entire bodies are frozen so theyve been well preserved this is of a god hes a lot of the chicks die young in these extreme conditions as if its really tough here. So no hard to be doing here we found a lot of dead chicks that was the same size we suspect that they died at the same time maybe in a storm. But despite the deaths of many chicks the colonies population has remained fairly stable for years. Alexander and ben wa are looking for some penguins that they tagged years ago either with g. P. S. Devices or rings on their feet. That data will help researchers find out how far the birds traveled to find food. Youre. Going to but today the researchers only come across more dead chicks. Just because someone thought. This one probably died recently. Maybe just a few weeks ago. Will measure the carcass be clanks a wing length no wait to determine their age the time of deaths due to vision side who did he just a. Few other penguin colonies are studied as extensively as this one. Thermal imaging cameras and High Resolution lenses record the birds movements especially during the winter months when they huddle together. As cool it seems from the. Name that each bird has to use as Little Energy as possible during the winter breeding season deceiving thats why they try to optimize their position in the colony. You know whats fascinating is that the creatures manage without any hierarchy anyone telling them what to do to rotate their position in the group you know very orderly and collective way of being. The researchers are concerned about the impact of Global Warming on the Antarctic Sea ice because it could permanently damage the fragile ecological balance in the region. Well beate uhse if we meet the 1. 502 degree target agreed in the Paris Convention we can save these pads if not extinct by 2100 at the latest poll all. The noise by a station requires year round mate thats. The snow is being moved to the facilities underground garage and storage area to help shore up the bases of the 16 hydraulic columns on which the structure stands. Every year the technical crew raises the columns by about 100. 00 centimeters to keep the structure above the surface of the snow and ice. Is mark says i like the way that science and Technology Interact science Needs Technology but without science there would be no technology to take any place. Every year to get the snow grooming machines ready for the summer season. Time is of the essence there are hundreds of kilometers of snow roads that need to be leveled but 1st the machines need to know and its minus 15 degrees out here today. As its done so because when its really cold its better to work in pairs so that you can keep an eye on each others faces and look around for any signs of frostbite movement or to fair. The researchers have adapted well to the extreme conditions. Electrical engineer thomas shod has to keep everything up and running. One of his most important tasks is to collect fresh snow and convert it into drinking water. As ice is here your actual come from the snow that we brought in is melting now i want to temperature is about 6 to greece. Ready in 2 hours also thank you. Thomas knows the station inside and out. During the long winter months the Skeleton Crew has to be selfreliant among thomas duties the maintenance of the sewage and waste Water Treatment equipment. Is declared to be used purified waste water in the flush toilets. The water so clean that you could drink it at least in theory of trying to paint ball where. This is the stations heating system which keeps the facility at Room Temperature even during the coldest days. And. The system is powered by 3 diesel generators the power plant also makes use of any waste heat thats generated outside a wind turbine brings in even more electricity. But up to now renewables only account for a quarter of the stations energy needs. If those in. The are. Both. Working on introducing more wind energy and harnessing other sustainable resources. In building but its very difficult in these conditions. So with these extreme temperatures and storms. The wind turbine often ices up. Michael schumacher is an atmospheric chemist. He has to walk a kilometer and a half every day to reach a site where he takes no samples. But hes going to pound this plastic tube into the snow. Afterwards the sample will be carefully packed and shipped to germany for analysis. These tests are aimed at determining how a new snow turns into glacial ice over time. Marco says its pretty solitary work. And its also. You spend a lot of time by yourself out here in the middle of nowhere. And the weather conditions are extreme. Given. The temperature can drop to minus 40 and theres the wind chill in fact its been dubbed by. Marcos works at his own building which houses the air chemistry observatory. He monitors the presence of Greenhouse Gases in the antarctic atmosphere. We have big pumps that feed into 4 different filtration systems. Marcos records the increase in sort of particles for example during large fires in the amazon rain forest. But his main focus is on Carbon Dioxide and other compounds that can damage the earths atmosphere. Just so you will measure the c o 2 and then capture the molecules in a sodium hydroxide solution. This milky liquid here that is its these images give you this is far. By analyzing the individual atoms marquess can determine where the Carbon Dioxide comes from. Overall he seen a significant rise in c o 2 levels known to be a major contributor to Global Warming just this short. This increase doesnt just represent a serious problem for the areas where these gases are produced the industrial regions of the northern hemisphere. Those materials have now spread around the world and weve even found them here in antarctica. And i have to say that this. For years scientists like marcos have been calling attention to the increase in Greenhouse Gases but politicians have failed to take action. It is a shake and these and its a scary situation because weve had so theres an increase and we actually know what impact it will have so it was a good just not despite our best efforts no one is willing to stand up and do something to try and stop it so i know a few visits for scientists thats not only scary its really depressing if you take your measurements collect your data and your point your findings and those facts the just ignored. It will be of. This frustration is why ma course organized what is almost certainly the world southern most Climate Change protest in. Pinas colleagues here at new maya station wanted to show their support for young people around the world who are also taking part in demonstrations here and very often in the. Its amazing maybe at the far end of the planet but even this far flung part of the world is being affected by Climate Change. Photographed with symbolic power. Meteorologist Mitchell Koch is responsible for determining what Impact Global warming might already be having on the antarctic atmosphere. For his research he collects data that include wind speed solar radiation and the Reflective Properties of the ice crust. German scientists have been taking such measurements in the antarctic since the early 1980 s. These reports are sent to the uns Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Speaking on when we talk about climate and we have to look at data over a period of at least 30 years. One years worth of information simply isnt enough to get done so many feel i can just. Hear me getting ready to launch a weather balloon it goes up every morning at 11 oclock and measures air temperature and the density of the ozone layer to an altitude of up to 30 kilometers. Michelle says that so far his data show no evidence of Global Warming here at this specific spot. Im just not someone. Messing me up somebody at this station we havent recorded any changes in temperature feel a feed of i dont know any other research stations in antarctica i havent either. But there has been a sizable increase in temperature in the antarctic peninsula. The antarctic peninsula is the northernmost part of the continent research out there has shown this rise in temperatures has led to accelerate a glacial melting. If its coupled with ocean warming this could have a serious impact on the sea ice where penguins live and breathe. Ocean warming could also further accelerate the melting of the glaciers. This would contribute to rising global sea levels. The scientists at the new maya station are making a substantial contribution to the complex Research Required in these fields. But theyre also studying how to grow vegetables and other produce in this harsh environment. This is the eden i assess project a high tech greenhouse that may 1 day provide astronauts with the technology theyll need to cultivate plans during extended space missions. I know after youve been here for a few weeks in the darkness and youve only seen white its a wonderful experience coming in here with the smell it makes you think of being on vacation in italy when you open the window its great. To made rose peppers and cucumber scroll without soil. The plants exposed roots are sprayed with a nutrient solution. This is. This is a real luxury for us so indeed since june weve been able to serve fresh lettuce every evening. So we added tomatoes and cucumbers people love it. On their few florida. Chef catalina known doffed says that this is probably the worlds southern most vegetable garden. After the 1st tavis we celebrated. We used to have less is flown in from cape town but we hadnt had any for at least a month so this was a real event for people is saying finally something green. Here talking as you know preparing a dish with fresh pesto made with piece of beef from the greenhouse. The other ingredients come from the freezer. The researchers here are laying the groundwork for the development of plant Cultivation Technology that may be used in the future on board the International Space station. There will be a. Lot of you know enjoys her work at no maya but she does get homesick sometimes. My oldest nephew got married recently but i had to stay here. I wish i could have been there i really wanted to go so you do miss your. Loved ones one. Month i miss the. Sport is one distraction. Regular workouts at the research stations gym help keep the staff in good physical and mental shape. Geophysicist it called tries to get everyone involved. In this kind of mission and i cant just sit around for a whole year and do nothing. So we all ended up coming down here he was a good be able to tell me if im mad at 1st it was really hard and we all could just eat it but now we love even give you what i did i just did a. Staff at the new maia station can also look forward to a drink at the end of the day. But they have to accept theyll have the same drinking buddies for months on end. If you prefer to avoid people you dont belong here. Feeling plots this is its invading your a small group. And we all depend on each other. We have to help each other. And we really need to have a strong team spirit. Team to some note. And so ends another day at the noir maya station a unique Research Facility located in one of the coldest and most remote places on earth. Because looking back on the seasons 1st half going to. The foreigners like mr signing in the. Corner of the big surprises. The big disappointment. In plans and goals losers and winners. 18 minutes on the. Kid i am. Sick closest place to hell who just looks like youve never been. Nice hes m. P. P. I want their own story new clothes and. Starts january 27th on d w. Player. Play. This is the news live from far away in the u. S. And iranian president s trade threats amid worries of war as irans Supreme Leader weeps at the funeral of the general assassinated any u. S. Drone strike president rouhani warns President Trump dont mess with iraq also coming off the trial of former Film ProducerHarvey Weinstein begins in new york hes facing charges of rape and Sexual Assault they are as 2 new sex crimes charges are filed in los angeles and