Such as on the project. Costs why is this man. In south africa a clue thats often taken with. Me. Festivities have kicked off here and need to mock the fall of the berlin wall 20 years ago on nov 9th 989 is jimmys communist regime lifted travel restrictions on its citizens leaving them free to travel to the west for the 1st time in nearly 30 years all this week events are taking place across the capital to mark the moment that changed history. History flashed before their eyes as thousands returned to power lines iconic aleksandar plots to mark their moment that would help change the city and the country forever. We want to make it possible to relive what happened back then and also the developments since then the road hasnt always been smooth over the last 30 years but we succeeded at something we can live together without a wall in peace and freedom in feeding on fire. On november 4th 1909 more than half a 1000000 protesters descended on the square staging what would become the largest demonstration in the history of east germany led by some of its most prominent intellectuals they rose up to demand more freedom. This is. How this is if someone has pushed open the window. After years of intellectual economic and political stock nation. Shelf they can years reeking of apathy for 2 years of double speak and bureaucratic despotism. But doable job is. The communist regime had rapidly and publicly lost all support but even then no one predicted that just 5 days later the berlin wall would fall. This week the spirit of the peaceful revolution once more lights up the city like this giant wave of colorful streamers at the Brandenburg Gate carrying messages of hope for the future written by germans. Over the coming days the city will celebrate the anniversary with more than 200. 00 events exhibitions and artworks culminating with the ceremony at the berlin wall memorial on saturday. Joining me now in the studio as each of these Political Correspondent simon young welcome simon are we heading to with an anniversary which changed the course of history tell us more about how a germany is commemorating these events of 30 s. Ago you know you used the word festivities and i think this really will be a week of celebrations especially here in berlin there are you know parties of course on projects speeches discussion panels and all sorts of events around this and of course the t. V. Networks have been full of all those familiar. Shots particularly when those crossing points were opened between east and west in the streets of berlin pretty much became a huge street poesy and i think the authorities are going to rekindle some of that atmosphere 30 years old remembering the victims of division of course as well but it it will climax in a huge goal of performance at the Brandenburg Gate on the 9th of november of course the day the actual full of the world as we call it absolutely and the getting some of the euphoria that people felt at that time but the beautification had losers and winners specially in eastern germany and some people embrace the opportunities others said it was quite hard so tell us what this anniversary means for them well i think a lot of people will find it hard to join in the celebrations you know theres no doubt saying that germany today will democratic place than come. Honest east germany ever was but 989 thought he changes for many people for many people in the east it meant the end of the country that theyd grown up in where they understood the system where they knew how to get on and suddenly they found themselves struggling to come to terms with the capitalist system in some cases you had west germans and other foreigners turning up and telling people how to live their lives and making Big Decisions about for instance the future of businesses and of course not everybody thrived and indeed in line with that theres a survey out just this week saying that around hearth of eastern germans believe that theyre less free now to express their opinions than they would in communist east germany and thats along with the impression that many east germans have or eastern germans i should say you know theyre somehow 2nd class citizens they get paid less their pensions a lower it means you know not everybody looks back with fondness to 989 although i should also say that very very few people want to return to the g. D. R. In the bad old days of the comment about freedom of speech is quite remarkable given that one of the most dreaded aspects of eastern germany was the stasi police the secret police so what was it like for citizens off east in germany living with that yeah i mean this is the stasi the secret police in east germany was Something Like a state within a state and it was there to sort of protect communism and keep the whole thing going but what it involved was a huge apparatus of professional agents but also unofficial collaborative is in 1989 there were around 300000 people working for the stars in one way or another thats over 20 percent of the population and they were collecting information and in some cases spying on people within their own families of course a lot of people will locked up somewhat tortured and that was a grim system and of course no one wants to return to that so many of these Political Correspondent thank you very much. And all this week we will be bringing you special coverage and reports on the mentors events that led to the fall of the bone in 130 years ago let me now being that some of the stories making news around the world the European Court of justice is broke by lowering the retirement age of judges in the European Commission had challenged the polish alleging it undermined the judiciarys independence because the government would appoint a replacement judges. Irans president Hassan Rouhani says his country is to take another step towards violating the 2015 nuclear deal that limited its Nuclear Program technicians will begin injecting gas at centrifuges that enrich uranium iran started backing away from the deal after the us bijou and imposed sanctions. At least 5 people were killed in the iraqi capital baghdad when Security Forces opened fire on antigovernment protest is tens of thousands of iraqis have been demonstrating in central baghdad and southern iraq since october the 25th calling for the overthrow of the government and sweeping political change. Authorities in brazil see an oil spill off the northeast coast is one of the biggest environmental disasters ever to hit the country or else been washing up for months now with nearly 300 beaches hit but president. And that the worst is yet to come brazil blames a greek freighter for the disaster but the ships owners deny any involvement. Its one of the worst oil spills in brazils history but one thats hard to fully assess from the air or by satellite brazilian Authorities Say its impossible to tell how much oil is likely to come ashore. No ones sure whos responsible. Brazilian president says its the fault of a greek flight oil tanker and hes asked interpol to investigate but also now are removed environmental safeguards so they say stablish. Order in april got rid of several 100 of those committees in all further ormont. And one of those committees was exactly the committee to deal with oil spills now brazils coastal ecosystems its beaches coral a marine life have been devastated. I mean the invite say supply food be able to flourish and grow like its always been able to and it affects the food chain its a community of land and sea species here this is a disaster this oil cannot be allowed to remain. This you are going to read it the cleanup effort is enormous including government authorities the military and thousands of volunteers because it has to be over 300. 00 beaches along 2000 kilometers of coastline must be cleared of crude oil. But you know this disaster with this kind of oil that cant be detected by satellite has never happened before in brazil or in fact anywhere in the world or. Brazil now has multiple environmental disasters playing out at once in the amazon a burst toxic mining dam. And now this. Im now joined by dan reporting for the Associated Press indigenous dan do we know more about where this oil is coming from and why interpol is not getting involved in this incident yet. So resilience already is investigated for two months they looked into dozens of vessel that had been navigating close to the coast around brazil coaster around july and august and for a long they didnt know were actually back i mean it was all over they didnt know where it came from and a few days ago police said that it came from a greek cargo and they believe that the tanker still so many crew some seven hundred kilometers up the brazilian coast between twenty eight and twenty ninth of july. But the sheeple are married tonight you can so prison authorities request of preparation for our International Agencies such as interpol to help with this investigation into shape but also the crew and the pump. As he seemed to joke is a helping with the cleanup what more can you tell us about this public action. So since the very beginning said it would be around september 2nd when oil started the washing up on the. Shore. Locals it once years have played a very Important Role and in the cleanup you know they have been the ones running up their sleeves and taking it on themselves to going to beaches because they know you know they depend on this and its for tourism and so they have been very crucial in keeping up and not always using the material and protection so we have seen reports of some people feeling nauseous and having headaches and you would think skin because theyve been working all day you know they got today on cleanup or and sometimes up close. And sometimes that stepping outside for the for the government who is kind of you know slow to to respond in fact talking about the government is this president general sonata has come under fire for his handling of this situation what more can you tell us about that and how damaging is this oil spill if. So some of the some saying it was the problem was that it was too little too late and a lot of people have been criticizing the governments slow response at 1st then they sent a military and then they sent it you know back up to 5000 military members who are you know available to help. But its pretty excited that one of the big problem is that also now are dismantled when he came to power in april many comics is that used to counsel governments on different issues from culture to health to the environment and some of those comments and 2 of them were actually said down and they were actually part of the National Emergency plan for old girls and was the nation so this is not good for the government right today and i should take in Rio De Janeiro thank you very much for the update from there. Tens of thousands of people have taken to the streets in the chilean capital santiago to demand Better Social Services and an end to inequality the demonstrations began last month after the government announced a hike in somebodys fares the government accuses a protest as of damaging the economy but the critics say far too few chileans a benefiting from the countrys fast better to. Tear gas and water cannon tensions once again fled into violent clashes between police and protesters in santiago. The demonstrations have entered the 3rd week of a metro affairs has grown into protests income inequality and poor public services. Clashes between police and protesters have left 20 people dead the governments response is im good friends demanding change. Where protesting against the system in general above all against the problems in the neoliberal system here in chile weve reached a crisis and have noticed that the system cannot handle it anymore you know i actually was considered a latin american Success Story but Economic Growth has been accompanied by rising inequality and cooks in social spending. Thousands took to the streets on monday to protest against the Pension System they say is leaving people short changed. Your world again this government wants to maintain the current Pension System. For us this is insulting its a provocation and thats why people are so angry. To highlight student debt which is crippling the finances of university graduates. Not being able to pay and having to do without things to save money and its never ending in a source of distress. Fuelled by a sense of. Justice for protests show no sign of abating. Youre watching the news coming up ahead why does this man collect collecting elephant dung in south africa its got to do with something elegant cocktails on the veranda as the sun goes down. But 1st for decades scientists have been predicting we would soon win the war on cancer but progress has been stubborn the slow thats because a cancer diagnosis often comes too late when the is already well advanced such a major conference on the topic in glasgow in scotland Early Detection is on top of the agenda. Breast cancer is often diagnosed through my ma graphy but mammograms are often far from conclusive experts have hotly debated whether large scale screening with the high tech method is the best way to detect the disease in its early most treatable stages in the race to improve early prediction oncologists have been looking for biomarkers in blood that indicate the likelihood of developing a wide range of cancers before they break out earlier this year and then announcement criticized by some a team in germany presented a marketable blood test for Breast Cancer. If its about liquid biopsy that was biopsied means we are determining a diagnosis via body fluids it may leave blood. Its einen boot we now have a blood test that enables us to find out whether there is an indication for an ill that he or the opposite would be i did he see that theres no indication of ilyas so fine. Now in glasgow new methods in the field were showcased that push the boundaries even further one of them as a blood test that might one day predict Breast Cancer up to 5 years before patients begin to show clinical signs another serving 50000 patients looked at predicting possible risk in Ovarian Cancer and the earlier the diagnosis the better the chance patients can be healed. And from what im not joined by one of the authors of the study involving Ovarian Cancer got funston whos at Cambridge University welcome dr hans to 9 sim can you explain to us the potential benefits of blot test in diagnosing Ovarian Cancer. Yes so blood of or potentially a very cheap quick. Simple way to detect cancer early in patients. The results of our study looked up to the use of one blood test called c a one to 5 to detect Ovarian Cancer in women with symptoms of counts are such as blood saying p. N. And we find it was a very useful test to help doctors identify the concert or not group now until now screening for Ovarian Cancer hasnt been entirely accurate so do blood tests schauble promise screening is is a big challenge its very difficult to use a simple blood test to pick up a compass or a screening focuses on patients with new symptoms or research is focused on something slightly different weve looked at women with nonspecific very big symptoms of possible a very concert such as blue saying weve used the test in the patients and we find its very useful so that does some promising but based on your research how reliable are not dissin detecting cancer. So it varies on the type of test used very very much. The test we studied which is is currently used in the u. K. And some other countries. It picks up our arms percent of a variant counselors it doesnt pick them all up no task is ever going to be part of the picks up around 80 percent of those cancers and theres always been the hope for a long time that simple but effective blood tests would be available one day why is it taken so long. It takes a long time to bring a blood test from 3 words 1st creates is new ideas or develops always 3 to using them in patient care the majority of new. Biomarker you see on the news and you see reports that will never make it to the patients. So this requires decades of research sometimes to shew that these tests were there affective and that we can use them in patients not causing harm thats a long process but its really important and necessary process. Right to got funds to the Cancer Research at Cambridge University thank you very much for sharing your expertise with us thank you now these majestic animals elephants produce huge amounts of something that isnt quite so much as to poop elephant dung is used for many things from fertilizer to fuel but now a south african couple has found a new and novel use for it as a correspondent. Reports. Lets have a sleigh is always good to see peoples reactions while preparing his didnt tasty after all in the oval is no ordinary gin its flavored with elephant stuff. Oh. Yeah it is a little bit funny its a thing that was elephant dung but its its good surprisingly good for me doesnt it you didnt expect so you know. What makes me relax or feel better about it is all the alcohol of that sterilizes whatever that was inside the dung said doesnt really make a big difference to me it tastes good. Less ensley and his wife paula gave a special ingredients for their gin in south africa but the scope gave words if. And there is some danger involved pride of lions watch this with baited breath by. The 2 former academics came up with the idea while i suffer now theyre in business. Terms of grass and leaves is love is very botanical its because see the elephant. All this amazing food and they digest so little and the rest of their food is just posh right through their digestive system very quickly and then on the felt floor indeed that doesnt smell too bats. Still the park rangers are just getting used to seeing people collect elephant feces. Its still for you a little bit weird but. Somehow oh. Yes yes. We collected about just over 3 of the size bags. And this will be. More we have about. 4000. 00 bottles 6000. 00 bottles which will hopefully get out of the elephant feces get washed and dried the workshop then it gets steeped in gin for 24 hours just like a tea bag find a product as a premium gin for more than 30 euros per bottle its a clear success for the gin distillers. Its been crazy so it was it started off as maybe we could do this is a part time thing but we soon realized if we wanted to make it successful and if we if you wanted to grow the business and it had to be a full time job so forth for 2 of us its a full time job. The spirit makers now hope that the elephant dung infused will claim a permanent place on the shelves of south africas stores and pops. I personally do really like the taste and it seems a lot of people here are agreeing with me on that you just need to sort of not really think about what ingredient is in the air you know. The sport non bruce have gotten into italys into milan in the Champions League later today its an important game as both teams sift full of occasion in a group thats currently tough for barcelona into one the 1st fixture and i expecting an electric atmosphere in dortmund the german sides recent run of good form is seen as a confidence boost boost and they hope to put that to good use. Says believe is a quality union plant has in abundance it was his brace against bull was you mentioned lot back that dumped them out of the german top last week and confidence can be contagious thats why the dortmund forward wants his team to come out of their shell when they face in time iran in the Champions League. We are a good team weve scored a lot of goals and that been asleep already. And i believe that we should respect their defense but as a team we do not have to hide really almost 2 months of consciousness to for posting. Need the intel on the italian team place with character and the defense has been tough to break this season but playing is always a challenge. We have to be very careful and pay close attention its very important for us we will be playing in an electric atmosphere. The home support will boost confidence the fans will hope to push their Team One Step closer to qualifying for the Champions League knockout stages. Should be a good match heres a recap of the top story that were following for you. Jim he has begun a week of celebrations marking the fall of the berlin wall could go on november the 9989. 00 artists projected images onto buildings in the capital as part of the series of events to remember and commemorate the ok. Thats it for me and the news team up next kickoff previews match of the bundesliga and dont forget this board theres more news and information on a website that dot com as seen in half an hour. Because. I wrote some sort of hollow play in the berlin derby. But now im in for the against down to. A devastating loss for byron and me coco much is ours. My class is not going to 5 to one because. More and more young people are striking to save the planet and i mean were the people who would like to keep living on this planet and if we dont save the planet now itll be too late this is how does a 16 year old organize a europe wide Climate Congress how does that leave time for school in france and we accompanied 3 noncrime an activist. Who saw 60 minutes on d w. 30 years after the fall of the berlin wall nov 9th w. Without this peaceful revolution matchday tens 1st of a bundesliga jewel between an east and west berlin club would never have been possible