To escape starvation in their home country. In the 20th century the 2nd world war forced 60000000 people in europe alone from their homes. And since 2011 millions of people have fled the ongoing conflict in syria. Sometimes like in africa today all the causes of flight come together at the same time take mali for example since 2012 violence has overshadowed the west african country islam ists regularly attack mali and Government Forces and Un Peacekeeping troops over the past few years 250000 mile ians have fled to neighboring countries now some of them are returning home. In. The carman timbuktu is deceptive and. Its mainly down to the massive presence of u. N. Peacekeepers rebels and your hottest still operating in northern mali at the edge of the Sahara Desert terror and violence have left their mark on the city. There are too few hospitals and many children are no longer attending school. Mariam fatuma toure ambassadors for unicef the United Nations childrens fund. There 15 years old and theyre still in school. Until about 2 years old town they regularly visit families to persuade them to send tech its back to school. And. We go from door to door to make parents aware of how important education is weve already persuaded a few to send their children to school. But there are parents who say that education is not important for children. And then some of them say its more important to go to quranic school. Not only parents objections like these keeping children out of school fear is also a factor more than 800. 00 schools that shut down after the political crisis in 2012 remain closed more than 80 in and around timbuktu alone the city my school is open and hopelessly overcrowded mariam meant mohammad ali is 12 years old one of around a 1000 students most of them are children from the neighborhood some have fled the violence but have since returned like mariam. And damon and david my family left timbuktu in 2012. We lived in a refugee camp and more autonomy and. Life was very hard there we didnt have a proper house just a hut. It was very windy and very hot in the camp it was hard. There up to 100. 00 children in each class. Mariams teacher. Says the returning refugees need extra special attention. C when they get out soon this is all we have to work with someone to levels on the one level we have to support them psychologically because so many of them are traumatised on the other we have to give them extra tutoring so they can catch up with the other pupils. Many of the refugee children have missed an awful lot of school. Even if. Theres not just a shortage of schools in timbuktu but also with Teaching Staff teachers have to contend with threats from the islamists who want to stop nonreligious education. Few children herrick getting the chance to finish their schooling. This year im really happy theres a Proper School here with desks teachers and porks. Im so glad i have the chance to learn here and there last. Month. And 8000 kilometer long belt of trees stretching along the edge of the sahara from mali through an asiatic ethiopia. Thats the goal of the great green wall project the idea was that the plants will prevent further dessert if acacia makes soils more fertile and reduce conflict and its urgently needed bamako in mali for instance has a booming population and deforestation in the region continues. Charcoal is big business in bamako the capital of mali. Almost Everybody Needs charcoal to cook with and the population is growing. My mom is a charcoal match and. Shes doing well but her very success is becoming a source of concern. That there are fewer and fewer trees. To do that scary if you go out of town youll see what i mean. An australian agronomist with world vision tony rinaldo has developed a method of countering the deforestation that affects large parts of africa his work won him the right livelihood award also known as the alternative nobel prize. And is cleared of the vegetation the land gradually degrades and becomes less and less productive less less can be grown on a profit can be made and people become more desperate so there is a very strong link between 100. 00 flicked and land and also between migration and then degree. Tells rinaldo that she now has to get her charcoal from 160 kilometers away because sources closer to bamako have dried up its a similar situation in and around many of africas big cities the disappearance of forests and degradation of the land is a huge problem. How do we fortunately through famine manage that regeneration through the regeneration of trees and landscapes is a very low cost rapid and scalable method to reverse that degradation in the 1980 s. Were now discovered that in many places there are intact underground networks of roots struggling to grow and that pruning shoots can help trees and bushes flourish well vision is now promoting the f. M. N r technique in 24 countries around the world in northern uganda some time was among the 1st farmers to adopt it a decade. Go to. It is strange so much in my village. You are used to have to drive our cattle long distances to graze. Cvs could steal them. But now they can graze nearby. But theres still a lot to do the villages are regularly go out and work on reviving areas of degraded land applying when ottos technique and trying new shoots growing out of old stumps farmer manage Natural Regeneration isnt complicated it involves targeted pruning and protecting of new growth still its very effective these saplings will hopefully grow into tall trees. We cut some shoots but leave the bigger ones just one or 2. What we cut away we use as firewood. The key advantage over planting new trees is that the roots are already there and reach deep into the soil so even if it rarely rains they can tap into the ground water trees can also raise the water table release moisture into the air and fertilize the soil when their leaves fall and decompose as conditions improved Samuel Bunton was able to increase his herd. It has helped a lot life used to be much harder but now things are different we have a proper income we can look after our families pay for Health Insurance and school fees and everybody has enough to eat. In your memory 82 hectares of land have so far been reforested but large stretches still look like a desert. Degraded dryland regions may have countless intact tree root systems that could yet heeled new trees if theyre properly tended. Rinaldo organizers conferences across africa on f. M. And are also in countries that are in turmoil such as mali he was recently in bamako. Rinaldo has devoted his life to restoring africas forests. He says regenerating local vegetation improves the lives of millions and giving people hope can help transform the Political Landscape as well in many a country. Transform the whole country. Because it has that potential people to be able to be selfsufficient and theyre not going to be so interested in joining a fight somewhere else or families. To. Cities such as burma co consumer vast amounts of Natural Resources even as they become ever more scarce the restoration of vegetation around cities and elsewhere can improve peoples quality of life and perhaps reduce the potential for violence and conflict. Of the world 68800000 displaced persons by far the majority around 14000000 people are internally displaced in colombia years of paramilitary violence has led to 7700000 people there suffering that fate most have nothing to return to their homes and livelihoods several gone. And more recently theyve been joined by one and a half 1000000 refugees from crisis stricken venezuela. Is growing fast some 10000000 people live here but its the poor districts on the outskirts that are. Increasing most rapidly. Many people displaced from their homes elsewhere in colombia have settled in so watch the neighborhood is known to be dangerous but its close to the city center and rents are cheap. And want to be recognized a month ago he fled from gang warfare in the town of el. It was war so we left so as not to get caught up in the fighting if we hadnt left it would have cost us our lives. The power vacuum left by the far is now being filled by other groups anyone who doesnt Pay Protection money gets murdered. Carlos saw 28 people die before he decided to flee to the capital. I feel good here but ive had a lot of support from the red cross and from the victim support. Thank god im ok. Helping me find a job in a company thats my plan to find work and spend the rest of my life in. The hope of a job and a home has also driven thousands of venezuelans to colombia venezuela closed the official border crossings in february but families continue to come across elsewhere on foot. There was nothing back home nothing from my baby nothing for us thats no way to live no medicine no food nothing. But things wont be easy in colombia either to get a work permit you need proper id almost half the venezuelans who come here dont have that. Many are exploited as day laborers some just hang around the streets and beg for money and food even people with a job have a hard time finding a decent place to stay. Many of those who make it here sleep in socalled goes shared rooms packed with beds they have no rights there and could be evicted at any time luis is a hairdresser and has a job but he barely makes enough just to pay for his bed. Prison prison. There are 3 bunk beds perronet that 6 people so you have absolutely no privacy and you cant leave any valuables there either. Colombia is trying to cope with its own displaced people and many more from venezuela the United NationsRefugee Agency u. N. H. C. R. Is worried that the country cannot handle the strain samples be annoying but it is practiced in various parts of colombia venezuelans just sleep on the streets which makes them vulnerable to attack i know. There are all kinds of people lots of women with children pregnant women older women and people who need special care and. Thats why the u. N. H. C. R. And other agencies are trying to at least offer some initial help. But at the minute we want to give them a chance to build a life here in colombia because as long as they cant return to venezuela cannot return happiness when this man is one of the successful ones hes opened a venezuelan restaurant in bogota back home he worked in tourism but then things became unbearable. First i was planning to go back when the regime fell. But now i have my business here and my family. I have to think about it ill probably wait a while. The restaurateur is a role model for some other friends as well as in colombia not just for his success but also because he provides them a taste of home. An amazing 85 percent of all refugees worldwide taken in by developing countries regions where poverty and hunger ready keek problems. Industrialized nations make up just one in 10 of all host countries and one of them japan is notoriously tough when it comes to asylum. Or. The detainees are treated worse than animals. Better than in. Tokyo capital of one of the most marginal societies in the world foreigners make up only 2 percent of japans population its also one of the countrys most closed to outsiders more than 10000. 00 people applied for asylum here in 2018 but only 42 were granted Refugee Status because it. Was Organization Says it takes care of 6. 00 to 700. 00 Asylum Seekers every year helping them fill out applications and survive the long wait. I mean it is a silent process is very strict and we see the applicants here and we think that more should be accepted. They must pay and provides applicants with food accommodation and clothing during their wait which averages almost 1. 00 and a half years but this capacities are at the limit. And since last year the government has made the conditions stricter for work during the waiting period should also to them also very few people can get work and only a few get government support. The japanese government says many applicants come for economic reasons only but documents from the department of justice showed that in recent years only one 3rd of all applicants were clear economic migrants of all the industrialized countries japan has the most rigorous interpretation of the Un Refugee Convention applicants must be able to prove theyre threatened in writing and in japanese during the waiting period many are at risk of becoming homeless or if the initial application is denied they may end up in detention pending deportation. One of the biggest Detention Centers is 2 hours outside of tokyo. She says the Building Back that thats where i was held. To marry young applied for asylum in 2010 decades after being involved in antigovernment protests in south korea she had reason to fear repercussions after overstaying his visa he spent more than 2 and a half years in the center now hes out on probation. Not much gets out about the conditions in. After 6 months most peoples faces turn on expressionless. The inmates have been on Hunger Strike several times in recent years they criticize the crowded accommodations insufficient many call care and the uncertainty about their status some are confined for more than 5 years although detention is only meant to be temporary. One former detainee is this refugee from sri lanka he doesnt want to give his name for fear of being recognised in his homeland. He got caught between the fronts of the civil war he fought for over 12 years to gain Refugee Status. 100. 60 no so. Saw him is finished. So i dont have my children with me. I dont. Know there is no future. This mountain of papers is only part of his long running legal battle on a stopover to canada he was detained at the airport in japan for missing documents it was only in january this year that he was finally recognized as a refugee. He was helped by people like total saw originally from myanmar he is one of the few refugees who have become successful in japan 17 years ago he opened a bernese restaurant in tokyo. Closing so president those guys see that the. Deportation is very difficult. So they do everything they can to make life in japan hard. And the home people who sought refuge here will leave the country voluntarily with horny. One direction then one japanese dont want these problems around them. Its may want to keep them far far away. From us. At the height of the e. U. s migration crisis in 2015 many refugees who arrived in germany from regions in turmoil like syria received a warm welcome to 8000000 germans volunteered to give language classes assistance and advice all of which helped many young arrivals settle in. A further syrian has opened a supermarket in hanover. Thats worth a story for the photo journalist. Of. An hour left behind so there is a telethon that hes documenting. People who have to flee syria try to make a life for themselves in germany. This is okra its quite hard to find here this is from syria. It tastes really good with tomatoes and pepper. Many germans dont engage with the migrants or refugees in their midst now jam would like to awaken an interest in syrian culture including the food. Thats what so i try to show that its not something bad. On the contrary could be good for you to that point and maybe youll find a tasty try it. Im open minded ive eaten german schnitzel and stuffed cabbage ive tried it all. When he was 18 and studying Political Science and journalism in levanon he was detained crossing into syria and taken to a secret service jail where he was tortured then he was given a choice join the army or have your family buy your freedom which they did after that he knew he had to leave. This farm land. Syria was the place where i lived and grew up but it felt alien it wasnt the right place for me i just couldnt stay there at. Least. In 2014 he reached germany overland through the balkans he experienced so much along the way but didnt yet have the means to record what he saw once here he learned german to prepare a tree classes and is now studying photojournalism in hanover. Hes involved with a media collective there called cameo. Once a week the team meets to discuss projects. They publish a physical and online magazine on the. Website up gratian features a range of photo series and articles so this is not a hard laugh hopes he can soon show his latest works there. Are. Lots of the stories on the website are about the concept of identity and the many ways of thinking about it also with respect to gender and migration texts are in german english and arabic. Contributors from all backgrounds are welcome. That doesnt mean that for us gratian means upgrading through migration what we believe is that one plus one equals 3. As when people with different points of view and backgrounds come together thats when new surprising and interesting things emerge. For a laugh cameo offers a forum for exploring the issues close to his heart free of the constraints of a more conventional publication. The latest issue of cameos magazine is devoted to the fim of uncommon arriving after contributed a piece with photos of young refugees who talk about their lives and hopes. This one says im 7 years old so i come from syria id like to get to know some german children and to play with them. Laugh says he feels good in germany but its his profession that gives his life focus and meaning. And what this arriving is not necessarily about reaching a certain spot to live and it can also be about finding a place for yourself its not always about having a new home or a new language it can be just a feeling finding your place in pursuing a sport for example or a real place the feeling of having arrived can be very gratifying and soothing for the soul. Of hopes he will be allowed to stay in germany where he sees a future for himself. Thats all from us a global 3000 were back next week heres a quick reminder to send us your feedback right global street 1000 d. W. Dot com and you can find us on. Expect to. See you next time. In the. Odd. Going to go and speak old fashioned. Color made from scratch. Pretty colors from bacteria. And may not mask or. Sustainable classical and thats a beautiful fashion model and 30 minutes on the. Whole. City programs are a. Symbol of a long conflict in the philippines. Between the muslims and the christian population. As funders occupied the city center to close in 17 president to churchs response was. The original. Name the colors. Of. The reconquest turned into tragedy this is not the kind of freedom that we want. How did we become a gateway to islamist her. Exclusive report from a destroyed city. Full of the sights of our u. S. Starts october 24th on d w. The power of sports. Where i come from i never saw the sun where it needs to. Have gone up in brazil the sun was always a man since the portuguese word for sun is masculine when i move to germany as a 10 year old i want to come to it on t. V. That would change how i see the world because in germany the sun was family and. Even now but the side of a good listener side with the ponytail instead of a deep voice extroverted guy seemed absolutely incredible. I realized how language shapes and thinking how definition far not only a mental image just put our whole 1st steps of the role. Inside save my life and was one of the reasons i became i joined a list im a storyteller and i use my words to help with Intercultural Understanding my name is in one way and i work to tell people. This is deep that we could use live from berlin and turkey advances deeper into Northern Syria in its deployment against the kurds but kurdish leaders have sealed the deal with syrias government to cooperate and have to be turkish offensive hoping excuse me that as their former ally the United States withdraws from the conflict so