Limbs of heart. Research station manager peter cooper and meteorologist marion meagher to really face this sort of danger every day. Most of the research thats done here focuses on the local environment particularly the climate. More than 60 percent of the archipelago is covered by glass yes the scientists observe and record any changes in this pristine arctic environment. This data can then be applied to the north pole region and the rest of the world. Author and merriam have left the village and will now head out into the wild but 1st to loads the rifle with 4 cartridges just to be on the safe side. Then the scientists move into polar bear territory there on their way to one of the measuring stations that marion looks after. These instruments measure wind speed and wind direction close to the ground. Checks to make sure that the equipment is functioning properly in this harsh environment. Meanwhile marine biologist karo hopper is packing for a trip to the arctic ocean she hopes that the weather will be good toward funds and. Its always best to be out in the water when theres no wind and the equipment has to be lowered and raised vertically if the those is buffeted by the wind its harder to keep everything stay but i distribute to heighten and we like calm weather and the forecast for tomorrow looks quite good. Obviously pressure from all and. Doctoral students car of our 4 also go along on this trip the 2 scientists are getting their testing equipment ready now so they wont have to do it on board the ship tomorrow. Theyll try to collect as many water samples as possible. So there was a temperature is just below 0 degrees celsius is a chart. Trying to find this data is from yesterday. Surface wars is just around 0 and below that it drops down to minus 0. 3. The Weather Forecast turns out to be correct clear skies not much wind and a calm sea. Clara outlines the focus of their research. Thats all thats before were studying phytoplankton the microscopic plants that grow on the Ocean Surface to find out what influences their growth and productivity and food here at speech these firefighters have planted on other cornerstone of the arctic food web which provides nourishment for fish polar bears and other wildlife. In fish we want to see how the environment and Climate Change affect these organisms its nice to see that some of that if not the. Climate change is a major focus of a joint french and German Research facility at new oleson. Right now marion is preparing a device that will carry out measurements in the atmosphere at an altitude of up to 30 kilometers the probe is sent up to 4 times a day using a weather balloon. But 1st she has to calibrate the probe she plugs it into a chamber that creates conditions of 100 percent humidity these are at most fair tests might seem straightforward just sending up a balloon but its not as easy as it sounds. To me. If you dont attach the balloon to the unwinding device properly the balloon can tear off and the end of its windy the villain will drift sideways instead of upward and the progun fall. If you do so if theres a lot that can go wrong as a descriptor to produce the most you can come. Next marion compares the temperature sensors on the measuring device with a moment hers at this weather station if the data matches the probe is ready to go and the information that it puts out can be used by Weather Forecasters worldwide. Meanwhile karl hopper is preparing a water collection container. She and her colleagues use a steel cable to lower the device which will take water samples of various depths. Clara is particularly interested in finding samples of plants and also called micro algae. As soon as they bring the container back up they start analyzing its contents. Its a good thing that they prepared the individual files in advance because its cold out here. And them with this thing at the end of the day with freezing. But they put up with the weather because the study of micro provides crucial data. Is required we didnt put these organisms produce about half the oxygen and they have the atmosphere is well you know every 2nd breath that we take wouldnt even say also absolutely a lot of Carbon Dioxide its 5. Carbon dioxide contributes to Climate Change. Back at the Research Facility marion. Hes getting ready to fill her weather balloon with helium. Shes done this hundreds of times but she still gets a kick out of it. The blue moon is made of highly elastic rubber it will have to withstand enormous fluctuations in air pressure as it rises through the atmosphere. All set. Its essential to make sure all that the measuring device isnt damaged during takeoff. Looks good so far. Over the balloons going straight up because theres not much wind. On it will just disappear into the clouds. As the balloon moves towards a target down to shoot of about 30 kilometers the device attached to it sends back data including Temperature Humidity and the air pressure. But the scientists are doing much more than just measuring weather conditions theyre also studying Climate Change and how it affects the environment and the analyzing the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere. How do the Component Parts of the earths ecosystem Work Together and how are they being altered by Global Warming its issues task but the research is here at spitzbergen are up to it. Klara well try to. Tonight the total amount of microbes in this part of the ocean its spring now and the organisms are multiplying on a massive scale. That only experts can spot the algae and this to follow the water. Good now yes and right now were at the height of the spring algal blooms thats when they grow quickly and they biomass is that its peak is of your muscle problem but its like when trees on learn turn green all at once. So its been like this with 2 or 3 weeks now and itll probably start dropping off next week you know to get them at the 1st time that we were here we completely missed the spring blues and its just like icy water to us my students didnt believe that there was any such thing as a blooming so were always happy when we catch it in time yeah and as a mouthful there was the ocean. But what if the water gets rough out here. You can get by as a voter actually ive never been seasick i says but i have a very sturdy stomach it has happened after when im down in the antarctic with 13 metre waves i think its great just was that. The sea is pretty calm today amount of good news for the crew. Marian checks in on how weather balloon. Was here as it was i was all so far its looking good the probe is sending back data since the balloon has now reached an altitude of 12 kilometers and. I assume that it will continue to fly and transmit it. By then and then she keeps an eye on the balloon as it rises. The others on this its already reached the stratosphere the temperature is warmer there because of the layer of ozone molecules and. Temperature is now minus 42. 00 degrees celsius which is fairly warm so in winter the temperatures can drop to minus 80 but. So in the stratosphere its already summer. Must what is fear of so much. Thats confirmed by the data. Giving it comes wasnt its essential for us to take measurements that are highly accurate and properly calibrated. That data is not just used for Weather Forecasts but its also a key part of our Climate Research and despite major trends in the climate we have to use data thats reliable and verifiable before but. During the winter about 30 people live in new earth a sun most of them a scientists from all over the world the population increases to more than 100 in summer. With station manager to be chefs he talks tomorrow and about current weather conditions since a lot of their research is conducted outside. We asked her about the worst weather shes seen here. To give it up for the start of the most extreme case was when we had rain one winter it was january and here we were at 80 Degrees North latitude inside the Arctic Circle and it was raining the cup not an octopus and wasnt making what was that like a smoke it was like experiencing Global Warming by the live. These 3 scientists from the french German Research station are also studying the effects of Global Warming today theyre headed out to conduct experiments on snow. 3 are microbiologists bad while bad painter alex holland and rose later. You wouldnt expect to see people traveling by bicycle in the arctic but the research is cant you snowmobiles right now the snow is melting and its too soft. Rose is not happy about that climb straight in that we cant use this name belle because it makes it easy to get up to. However we do have a ton of ted stands favorites now completely clear so we can use bikes to get up we can use an electric car as we cant use any country because now its. Very very contamination it does take more time. You have to be flexible when you lacking in arctic conditions. Treks ability is also an important part of merion matterless job because much of her work depends on the weather today she was shuttled to replace a radiation measuring device thats not going to happen. I dont want to ruin my measurements by leaving footprints we not only measure thermal radiation but also reflected radiation which tells us a lot about soil conditions affect you know reflects a lot of light but not when it starts to melt weve done a lot of tests on the annual phone me show me and a woman with him told her the snow is melting right now and footprints reproduce a darker pattern on the ground and that influences the radiation measurements on the misnomer today he can start by and for those that im not going. To replace the device today just wait until the snow is completely gone and theres new question michel or to quote pic of. Me over the past few years weve noticed that the thaw has been starting earlier allow those old to clog its deep thats an obvious indication of Climate Change and we can see it right here come on in. It ive been working at this research station for nearly 20 years or until now you notice these changes are in and youre out of this thats a major cause for concern its very sad and publish them. Meanwhile ben was getting ready to take some snow samples. That. The temperature is 3 degrees above freezing thats 10 degrees celsius higher than normal for early may and. Is collecting samples of microorganisms hes wearing special clothing so that he doesnt contaminate the snow this is a key part of the scientists research. Theyre particularly interested in finding out what sorts of single celled organisms are present in the snow thats fallen here. Rose keeps an eye out for polar bass that tough to spot against the snowy background. Flater back in the laboratory the snow is melted the some bones are sorted numbered and packed in boxes but whats so important about these samples from spitzbergen bedrock are just as easily have collected some snow in the french alps. See if its possible in this part of the arctic offer the warming trend is much strong. Anger that it is in the rest of europe and walked on and we have the data to prove that hes so spitzbergen provides an excellent environment for us to study the effects of Climate Change something and we can see those effects more clearly here than elsewhere. They feel its more we can take measurements that are more accurate because there arent a lot of people here this one over his term or he could have a formal its a pristine environment. And that will help us to study the snow content even more effectively with it. Comes from for this phenomena. Beyond glaziers and mountains create a unique laboratory where scientists can study the effects of human activity on the earths environment. Here clara harper and chloroform are analyzing the water samples that they took yesterday clara really enjoys this part of her research. If im human its always exciting to look at things and of the month prescribe. Im going to use for those containers of water dont seem very interesting at 1st but then you run the water through the filter sit down and take a closer look. There are lots of really beautiful shapes and. I really enjoy this work. Of course theres a serious side to this research at least scientists are studying the impact that humans have on the environment. Right now marion is on her way to the local air filter to carry out some tests. These high powered radio telescopes gather data from space now the researchers are going to launch a drone thats form of sensitive sensors that measure weather conditions of the drone data it will supplement the information thats gathered by marians balloon device. And says that shes impressed with this kind of technology. This is great i think its exciting and all of our researchers contribute Something Different to these projects and thats big we all Work Together and i think thats wonderful because with that you know. The marine biologists are an important part of the team their research on time tom grows plays an Important Role in determining the effects of Climate Change on the environment. The 2 researchers often spend 12 hours or more every day and all of our training. This time of year theres plenty of daylight. Klara explains the significance of our work. So i didnt really have on one hand were trying to understand how Climate Change of effects micro and not one year from now a days ahead could also be applied to other areas like the north sea. But at the same time its important to remember that major european fishing grounds on moving north in. So if there are big changes in the ecosystem and it can no longer provide a proper environment for fish its going to affect all of us. The researchers here on spitsbergen to trying to predict what those effects might be some of the changes in the local environment may later expand to include other parts of the earth. Charter could be shared ski the head of the research station is one aware of the situation. Hes walked here longer than anyone else often under difficult conditions. From a familiar and i miss my family and my friends and our continent i also missing trees and plants. The landscape is beautiful of course of this but theres not a lot of vegetation. Its a few very good sort of. New color certain boasts the worlds northernmost post office its a remote region but marian says that the scientists who come from 11 Different Countries have created their own community here. Can. These american researchers are testing a captive balloon that collects weather data myron of course takes an active interest in their work. With their family to share information because they understand that everyone here has to Work Together to solve scientific problems. In. The researches dont need high tech equipment to tell them that the i knew. The thought is under way they can see for themselves. This year the snow and i started to melt early and far too quickly. For decades marian has been collecting data that indicates that Global Warming is progressing rapidly. Since kids of el monte weve been observing these phenomenon for the last 20 years this graph shows the average annual temperature here which has risen at a rate of about 1. 00 degrees celsius per decade and politics dot com thats a much larger increase than weve seen for the rest of the world. For. The earths average temperature has risen by about one degree celsius over 100 years but here on spitsbergen the increase was 1. 6 degrees in just 10 years. The arctic region is warming up faster than anywhere else in the world. Here in new all or soon the worlds northernmost Research Facility scientists Work Together to analyze the changes that are taking place in the earth environment. At the end of the day they often get together to enjoy the midnight sun and forget about work for a while. These scientists are committed to their various projects because they are concerned about the future of the planet. Carry out their work in the snowy world on us. In the atmosphere. And in the ice cold waters of the arctic ocean. And. It is quite as simple as it seems. To understand the world better we need to take a closer. Experience knowledge to educate next. To. The soviet union secretly or fly. It to a few years before u. S. Spy satellites found out. What the russians were up to. The untold story of moscows efforts to win the space race by putting a man on the moon to find millions. More robert a symbol of a long conflict in the philippines. Between the muslims and the christian coalition. When my instructors occupied the city center in 2017 president to change his response was. This is not the kind of freedom that we want code of morality become a deep way to islamist terror. An exclusive report from a destroyed city. In the sights of our u. S. Starts oct 24th on d w. Welcome to tomorrow today the science show on t w. Coming up. The stuff of life is it possible to create spell out officially. The downside of the internet of things