Many animals communicate via their voices and pitchin intonation play a key role in the process because those elements predate any kind of language or grammar in humans what you say is often less important than how you say it. U. S. President barack obama. Why is this nation together is not the colors of our skin apple steve jobs. 3 separate device. This is one of my german politician great need of washed up. 3 charismatic speakers with something to say but if you think that content is the main aspect of speaking youre wrong how we say it is much more important. Than things that can work it speaks for the quality of the voice and the intonation played the biggest role in bringing across a statement to the listener and researchers say. This catalyst will not only can i measure how well you speak i can also turn you into a better speaker. Together with fanatics expert oliver neber weve devised an experiment we invited 12 volunteers to a Recording Studio half of them made up the jury and the other half for a test group they all had to read the same passage from good his classic play faust. Havent. Features a fee you list i dont need seen one played out to be our philosophy you know this stuff i mean it seems. To me that. Insecure before the jury members couldnt see the speakers but only judge their voices. As a doctor once you show on. This that sounded like a math professor writing on the board from your staccato pretty fast yeah you know the jury could award between one and 10 points isin my guess that price a doctor and see a sure and saying yeah youre right she was really into the role but yeah mr march has had a much oliver need for his. Devised a formula to determine how the perfect charismatic voice sounds he analyzes voices according to various parameters including tempo rhythm melody volume and pauses by measuring 16 parameters he comes up with a value of what he calls acoustic charisma the highest possible score is 100 can his method predict the jurys results neber used it to pick the top 3. Nino placed 1st features of the you list that i dont need to. Second place went to fire. Right on scene and lucas came in 3rd. For those who feel you was too high you made it seem. So what were the jurys scores they also thought nino was the best but 2nd in 3rd place were switched. The other spots were the same for the computer calculation and the jury almost identical why. Because the voice is an ancient means of communication much older than our word choice our words our syntax and our grammar so its directly linked to our perception and emotions and to our decisions every listener creates an image exactly like our system does. Or does this team come and what makes certain voices convincing even seductive need were analyzed recorded speeches by famous people like facebook had Mark Zuckerberg and apple founder steve jobs such. A revolutionary mobile phone and a Breakthrough Internet Communications Device an Additional Support on me to one of the key parameters as the range of pitch and jobs is ranges more than 2 octaves or 24. 00 halftones zuckerberg remains under one octave or slightly over 11 half tons. But what i guess what i can assure you is that were hard at work making sure that people dont misuse this platform stuff. Clinged so Mark Zuckerberg sounds much less melodic and somewhat more monotonous than steve jobs and he gets a score of 52. 00 in our test and by contrast our steve jobs has a score of 93. 5. Above all the pronounced speech melodies who do since listeners and charismatic speakers tend to transition between loud and soft fast and slow and choose the right moments for pauses what. Oliver needs or is also examining how strongly a voice can influence us for example with an avocation devised hes chosen a route from the port in the danish town of sunder gorg to the University Campus the drivers know the area well 2 different forces were used in the test. That one was similar to steve jobss fois. And this one was more like Mark Zuckerberg but the test drivers didnt know that both voices tried to lead them in the wrong direction. The detour became longer and longer so which voice did the locals follow longer. A. Few speed up or quit much later with the one that was like steve jobs in fact 26. 7 percent of them didnt quit at all so we had to end the test. With a voice similar to Mark Zuckerberg so most half of the drivers quit after the 1st mistake. We believe thats because the drivers thought the wrong directions given by the steve jobs like voice were an alternate route to avoid Road Construction or traffic jams not a faulty programming of the navigation device you got there was good data saves. So a charismatic voice can lead us and also seduce us but peoples voices arent an alterable niebuhr is developing software to help everyone to train their voice to be more charismatic. Pillars of feet superstar night we did see him in the night out here to do it all studio to his place of the moon now he hopes to turn his training module into an app a year ago he had a charisma score of 43 percent since then his score has gone up to 85. 00. With good asking. If outlook is right right but only if they. Do you have a science question that youve always wanted allen said were happy to help out you send it to us as a video text ovoid smell if we answer it on the show well send you a little surprise as a thank you can i just ask. You this week a viewer from columbia asked about the threat from space. How great is the risk of a deadly asteroid strike. And day out our planet is bombarded with chunks of rock from space most are so small they hardly leave a trace. But in 2013 this meteorite was left by an asteroid that formed a fireball and exploded over the russian city of chelyabinsk was the biggest one to hit the earth in a century. Most asteroids orbit the sun in a region between jupiter and mars known as the past. Roy belt there degree left over from the early solar system. This animation shows the orbits of all 600000 known asteroids new ones are discovered every month the earth has been struck throughout its history and the moon shows how often and violently lunar impact craters arent worn away by wind and waves so the moon serves as a kind of archive over the last 290000000 years the frequency of impacts on earth has risen because large asteroids have collided producing many tiny fragments. Some of these space rocks caused massive destruction when they hit the earth like one that struck 66000000 years ago. An asteroid measuring 10 kilometers in diameter landed in mexico and the cataclysm that ensued wiped out the dinosaurs and many others fishies not even much smaller asteroids can cause deadly damage thats why telescopes constantly survey the sky to detect near earth asteroids and predict their trajectories more than 1800. 00 potentially hazardous objects are cataloged one of them is a part of us at over 300 meters in diameter it would be big enough to wipe out a city like berlin. In 2029 its expected to pass on earth even closer than sun Geostationary Communications satellites. Radio telescopes have revealed details of numerous asteroids like the several kilometer wide boulder its also coming unnervingly close to earth. The data shows that the risk of impact in the next 200 years is negligible however asteroids coming from a direction close to the sun often hard for ground based telescopes to detect that was the case with the asteroid that became the chelyabinsk meteor when it exploded over the russian city it released. 3 times as much energy as the atomic bomb detonated at hiroshima injuring 1500. 00 people and damaging thousands of buildings. In 201701 walk past the solar system it was the 1st interstellar object weve ever detected in space surprises are always just an observation away. In the early stages of development the fetus in a womb doesnt have found its skeleton is mainly made of cartilage as a baby grows that gradually turns into bone everywhere except at the joints they remain cushioned by cutting edge for the rest of our lives in principle at least but as we grow older it begins to deteriorate lets find out why ready. Professor thomas pup has a somewhat unusual passion these tiny cells cartilage so. Popular his team keep a very close eye on them ready theyre convinced that cartilage cells play a malign role in arthritis. But why. Last year when we discovered that cartilage cells dont just simply begin degenerating the cells communicate with each other and receive external signals and were trying to understand those signals coding decipher and spying on them so. Ready that its not easy to eavesdrop on the cells they live very isolated lives in tiny cavities in the car to latinists nature. Ready but chemical messengers is still able to reach them and transmit information at 1st good information. Cartilage cells constantly receive reassuring signals from their surroundings that tell them everythings alright stay where you are rebuild the cartilage in a controlled manner without the signals the cartilage cell strikes a lot of stress under support of their reaction to the stress they switch to a dismantling program and begin to destroy the cartilage. But what exactly puts the cells under stress. Which signals cause the cartilage tissue to begin to selfdestruct. The researches know the cartilage and joint suffered due to bad posture but other factors can also contribute to the stress reaction. To being overweight is certainly at the top of the list of stress factors for cartilage and its a trigger for arthritis the excess weight acts in 2 ways 1st it puts additional strain on the joints and the cartilage. In addition to fatty tissue produces problem from a tree substances that can exacerbate the disease process. But not everybody who is overweight will develop off writers a number of other factors theyre all for involved genetic excuse or injuries you need to show for poor. Pups team looking for chemical messages in the joint fluids and other substances that are emitted by stress cartilage cells. Theyve already identified one of them approaching called sin they can form. Following an injury the cartilage cells start producing it but what role does the person play under safaga after initially failing to find the answer to this problem that we decided to examine it in mind when we identified the syndic and for we already knew that there are mice that are unable to produce it so they were very suitable for our study. The surprising result was that mice without the seen the can for protein did not develop following cartilage damage the only mice that did produce the protein it appears to be one of the substances that can initiate the destruction of the joint cartilage. Sendek and 4 is embedded in the cell membrane of cartilage cells but how exactly does it transmit the destructive signals and can the researches hinder it the syndic and the sender can for is integrated into the Cellular Service and functions like an antenna. Different proteins can talk on to that antenna on the one hand chemical messengers but also enzymes that can ultimately destroy the cartilage thats in the ready. Pups team has identified one of those enzymes. Ready the discovery is a milestone one that helped the researches understand how the enzyme triggers destruction ready. If the enzyme is activated on the cell surface it begins catching up college and finders in the surrounding tissue. As it was for us and it was a key discovery for us because we could then start searching for an antibody that can prevent the enzyme from triggering the degradation process. That in turn enabled us to stop joint degradation in the mice to prevent the mice from developing arthritis at all it was a major success for us. So the scientists have already unlocked one of the secrets behind cartilage cells improving their understanding of the cells in the future will conceivably allow them to treat this crippling condition. Now we have to find antibodies for people. But that would be a 1st real step towards developing an effective therapy for off writers. But its a step that will take decades rather than years. By a child soldier. Said slides. Forced laborers. To global slavery in texas there are currently 45000000 modern slaves more than at any other time in Human History cliver 2 centuries ago during his journey through spain south american colonies alexander from whom was a vocal critic of the Inhumane Treatment of slides power reporter Christian Roman followed from both stresses in colombia where slavery is cruel legacy is still tangible. 180 meters below ground nothing but salt all around us. The maya no security in modern day colombia. For centuries that one so precious substance was extracted here under appalling working conditions. Every day narrows faced the threat of floods trucks accounts isnt collapsing tunnels at a time when alexander for an on board with that of the tunnels in 1801 countless Indigenous People lost their lives toiling away down here. Yes in the heroes dot com but if you look at the spanish forests the indigenous inhabitants to work in the mines and the eyes of the Catholic Church they didnt have a soul and were therefore seen as dispensable labor for working in the tunnels in it and nobody had to report their deaths. But unequal this is why there are no real statistics on how many people died working in the mines in the 1900 centuries fortys. By the time home to reach the socalled new world slavery had been a pillar of the Spanish Colonial economy for centuries. And when they could no longer find enough Indigenous People to cover their labor needs the spanish that millions of africans abducted and torn from their homelands and shipped across the atlantic to the caribbean. The immediate destination after the brutal sea journey was the port city of kut to hana to india us where the slaves were auctioned off on process do you wanna. Buyers continually appeared and examined the condition of the slaves teeth their age and state of else critical home both reported on the inhumane events seen the display of options they forcibly wrenched their mouths open just as we see at a horse market. Got to hit the better they make up to him it was a kind of marketplace where slaves were bargained over just like any other goods that is whether indigenous or african here they were no longer viewed as human beings but as a commodity with the pick. Attentional to earn their owners a lot of money but major landowners came here from all over the colonies looking for labor. By the for Agricultural Production in the house the endos or and domestic servants in the cities. What up out of the slave trade that he now became an important commercial hub of the colonial era. And. You. Know. Sometimes. People. Are nothing. But. 80 kilometers from cotton and know its sun buzzy leo departing i village founded by escaped slaves today has a population of 3500 people nearly all of them natural colombians theyre the descendants of the cement on a sinister spanish called their runaway slaves as was common practice they had all been marked by their owners with branding irons as from boat himself witnessed the scars would remain forever but not the chains from which the slaves were freed themselves to escape sun but c. D. O. Departed was the 1st free slave town in the americas. Living in freedom and didnt seclusion the slaves and their descendants preserved and fostered their own culture. Today that community is above all connected by punk hero the only creole language in latin america with spanish portuguese and african influences in the 1990 s. It was reintroduced to the curriculum for schoolchildren not so close well i mean that was. All our lives we heard and spoke the language in our homes but eventually it almost died out. In the community face discrimination because of its language firstly its never been easy being black in colombia he meant and secondly especially if youre from. The. 3rd and we speak spanish differently from other colombian us its melodic almost like singing and 4th spanish might have always been the official National Language but its never been our native tongue. For linguistics experts the fact that such a Small Community has managed to preserve its own creole language over for centuries is practically a miracle. Yes. The limbo lou is a traditional valuable ritual where the entire Community Gathers in the Village Center for 9 days and nights its this kind of cohesion and solidarity that helps in brazil you depend survive as a Community Despite centuries of persecution poverty and discrimination. Today that putting care of us our own officially recognized minority in colombia. But the trauma of slavery as a lasting legacy. I will for more than meet out of it there are 2 ways of looking at slavery theres the physical manifestation where slaves feel the chains and shackles on their arms and ankles really yet this form of slavery has disappeared. I thought i think you. But not the psychological slavery our minds are still subject to an installation process we still havent overcome it which is why a lot of descendants of african slaves still tend to deny their roots when the thing theyve got even thing ive got to. Alexander from home boiled referred to slavery as the greatest of all evils which of afflicted mankind. The explorer repeatedly wrote of his disgust at the injustices he saw in the colonies to the extent that some of his works ended up being banned there but to the last crumb was stayed true to his conviction that all humans are equally designed to live in freedom. And his famous expedition to the americas alexander from home both also explored the river today a biologist there is struggling to preserve the regions biodiversity for the final part about journey in the footsteps of home bolt next time on tomorrow today see you then. Im not very creative yet but i would love to be considered an artist one day. Everyone is talking about Artificial Intelligence and we are too. Good computers and algorithms one day surpass human creativity. Art on the edge. Our talk at Global Media Forum from bach. That are 30 minutes on my table idea. Was raising the site for some of the nominees and im up when theres a flood the water comes up to your waist going to close fast and everyone. But a lack of water is an equally dangerous. May sound you can see people not self so they can plant crops and find a new system. Floods and droughts Climate Change become the main driver of mass migration you can write any going to matter if you want to inform them or the federal. Climate exodus starts september 5th on d w. Where the real talent resides. When i come from there and lots of people in fact more than a 1000000000 to do but not just democracy thats one reason im passionate about p. The aspirations and they can send. The troops and the mission reporters tried to implement onto the floor of the sun in one and i remember thinking at the time because of bali in broken forward anything can happen if people come together and unite for a pull. But i do the news often confronted difficult situations more conflict between does something still high seas respond to my child to confront does he does on policies and development put the spotlight on issues that matter most. To security oppression matia nice solution. Or not has been achieved so much more needs to be john and i think people have to be at the heart of solutions my name is on the top shes on and ill look into jail field. Goal. Play. Play. Play. Play play. Play. Because d. W. News like from berlin the far right makes major gains in tuesdays elections in eastern germany but mainstream parties managed to hold off for victory and sacked me as brandenburg as all show chancellor on the back expressing democrats garnering the most votes back to me and the governing social democrats take 1st place in brandenburg also coming out poland marks 18 years since the 2nd world war began