Logistics. A new day dawns its time to get out and stretch. And its time to learn new things in school or at university or at work theres always lots to be learned but not all of the learning takes place during waking hours it turns out that we also process knowledge in our sleep. Every night we close our eyes and lie in bed for hours asleep. Arresting but our brains are a hive of activity. According to sleep or such as our brains are actually highly creative while we sleep. This constant sleep here. Whats extraordinary is that sleeping is an unconscious process. In an unconscious state when we sleep but in this unconscious state the brain generates memories google the hipness. Without memory we would be helpless we wouldnt manage even simple tasks like adding up numbers according to a pattern. The students taking part in this experiment keep giving incorrect answers because they dont know the past and. The next day after a good nights sleep they do better. They now understand the rule that eluded them yesterday. Astonishingly they appear to have grasped that while they were sleeping. Until recently sleeper such as would have denied this was possible. Before shown by the he gets the shaft we used to think that sleep was passive and had no impact on memory. The latest findings tell a completely different story. After a period of sleep you can retrieve qualitatively different memories from the ones that were there before you went to sleep fourteen flav open up and. Sleep can help us solve problems. Not only can sleep cement new knowledge it can process restructure and resort it. And that allows us to recognize patterns we hadnt seen before and to solve problems we couldnt solve before. For bonus talk to on that second. Solution like. One sleeper such a young boy and identified the Creative Process is underway while we sleep he began to explore where the brains ability to form new neural pathways while we sleep comes from are we born with this ability or do we acquire it. Researchers believe that the reason small children need so much sleep is because theyre processing so much input and with so much you know he understood how old is he. Im not but i want to do three months then to fear in from thats when the brain is dealing with too much information its forced to filter it. So its only relevant it only retains selective details. By. What the few experiments weve done so far tell us is that these processes of abstraction this filtering out of information and patterns are much more evident in infants while they sleep than in adults. So if you do it here is i spy it in africa. Their research is want to see what creative developments occurred while three month old yulia slept they show him pictures of females. Faces has already seen some of the pictures before hed had a period of sleep he seeing others for the first time. Pays more attention to the new faces the movement of his eyes shows that hes using a basic sorting principle distinguishing between whats familiar and whats unfamiliar and therefore interesting. The sorting process is occur while were asleep and unconscious unbelieves they happen automatically. This is going to shine and then want to thats what makes our research exciting. We can prove that the processes that occur when we are unconscious impact our conscious brains is this you put. It in this blue sign when we wake up after sleeping we know more than we did before that. None of that improved knowledge four is mind expanding this is happiness really im by to. Ask you to tell us about your experiences with learning in your sleep. Jo caleb roden on facebook saying that he solved math problems in his sleep. Olivia munn find sleep helpful for processing Foreign Languages that shes learning she says shes dreamt in russian and japanese. While alexander a voice of seems to think it can replace studying in a waking state. Thanks for that and keep those comments coming. We all know the saying practice makes perfect that usually means try try again. But there are many different ways of practicing skills and scientists have investigated one kind of training method thats truly dreamy. Marquette munchak says that in his dreams hes completely. Directed hes free of fear and of the laws of physics he also says he can control what goes on in his dreams like practicing a flip turn. Mark says hes very satisfied with the result its helped him hasta the technique in an actual swimming pool. Now mark has a new objective for the past few weeks hes been trying to learn the ukulele the movements the rhythm the fingering its all new to him but mark believes he can speed along and intensify his practice he intends to utilize his talent for lucid dreaming many people experience a lucid dream sometime in their lives a stage in which the dreamer is aware of dreaming mark streams are almost always like that. The market from their arc is somewhat unique in terms of lucid dreaming hes a natural lucid dreamer meaning all his dreams a lucid or at least hes always aware when hes dreaming and thats been the case since Early Childhood thats a very very rare part of the fun there whats more mark can also signal when hes dreaming when you know youre dreaming move your eyes to the left and to the right three times and then practice your instrument and when youre done give me the signal again and ill wake you through the intercom ok all right. Mark falls asleep and swiftly enters the Rapid Eye Movement all ram phase. It looks as if hes in rem sleep and maybe hell give us an eye signal meaning that he knows hes dreaming. Rises at home and that would indicate a lucid dream most of this is really cool his eye signalling was very slow but hes done it. Maybe hes playing his ukulele fifteen minutes later. Mark. Consumers can you hear me. Cancer do you remember curious and. Tell me what you jumped about. I was sitting at a bonfire. On a beach at night. With my ukulele and an Old Fashioned metronome and i was practicing. On vi has it feel to be playing. It. As if i were really good. Its just the way id like to be able to play on sky absolutely rio i felt the ukulele as if it were real. As it were you could feel the strings on the your fingers. Yes the pressure points absolutely we have to see how to found a real real. Its fascinating to think that we might be able to improve our abilities in our dreams and very alluring to musicians all athletes who need to learn new complex sequence of movements some of tried it report that their motions become far more fluid and practiced. People who have used lucid dreaming to improve coordinated movement often report very positive experiences and they say it felt extremely realistic in the dream all they got trainers to advise them and they reported that the same movements had improved in waking life. And some cases without any additional actual physical training that is they practiced in their use and then went to the next Training Session and were able to perform a sequence of movement that they hadnt been able to do before home the next training youre going to. Like a flip that mark has now monster but he knows his proficiency on the ukulele will require a lot more practice in the real world ended his dreams. That woke you up didnt that everyone has their preferred method of combating drowsiness some drink coffee others take a cold bath exercise can also boost alertness especially in the fresh air. And theres Something Else that can help blue light most peoples favorite color is blue and blue makes us extra creative and alert. Scientists have long tried to determine the effects of blue light on the human body. Its an important issue nowadays were constantly exposed to televisions laptops and smartphones and there are many indications that their screens can disturb our sleep because the light they emit stimulate special receptors in the eye that were discovered a decade ago. The finding of this new cell its a big innovation i mean people often mythologised researchers were not aware that there was an extra cell in the eye that law says diff to a particular spectrum of the law. The receptor is that are especially sensitive to blue light are thought to be involved in setting circadian rhythms the bodys internal clock the cells detect whether its day or night and influence how awake we are or how tired we get. Screen split with l. E. D. S. Are especially rich in blue light the eye is most sensitive in this part of the spectrum. Thats shown by this test. After blue light is shown into the eye the pupil takes much longer to return to its normal state than for any other color of light. Thats due to cells on the retina that respond mainly to blue light alongside the rods and cones they belong to a third group of photo receptors in the eye. And theyre believed to be involved in the secretion of the hormone melatonin which plays a role in sleep at a fest natan thing about this special type of cell in our eye is that we are able to play around with spectra in our Light Sources and id our stimulate this cell or protect its from the signal. In order to get a good nights sleep we should protect ourselves from blue light. For some people who go to bed late and have trouble getting up a shower of blue light in the morning could boost their alertness. A study carried out at the university of groningen showed a strong effect. The effects of little light were both thats there was a big shift in meditation and there was a shift in their face they had a good sleep quality during the treatments and when we stopped the treatments they still were able to wake up earlier than they did before and in addition they still performs very well during the day blue light could help turn late risers into early birds. But most people should turn it off at night. And. If youre planning an expedition underwater youll have to take some oxygen along with you and you might wonder where the fish get their oxygen. Unlike divers who carry it on their backs fish brave oxygen thats dissolved in the water but how did it get there a viewer from canada sent in a question about the air that we breathe. Spangenberg from st thomas ontario wants to know. Where does the earths oxygen come from. The air we breathe is a mixture of different gases around a fifth of it is oxygen molecules. Out in space individual oxygen atoms are quite common there was oxygen in the cloud of gas and dust that may have given birth to our planet. Hotta matter clump together to form ever larger clumps. The oxygen in the young earth was mainly bound in rocky minerals. As the planet cooled and atmosphere formed but it didnt contain oxygen yet. For that to happen the oceans first had to form. But it was still a long time before gaseous oxygen appeared. That required life when tiny organisms known as blue green algae or cyanide bacteria evolved they produced oxygen by means of photosynthesis molecular oxygen escaped from the water and took up residence in the atmosphere and millions of years later some of it began to break. Down react and generate a layer of ozone. That protective shield enabled life to develop on land plants and rich the atmosphere with more and more oxygen. Until three hundred fifty million years ago the earths atmosphere had as much oxygen as it does today. If you have a science question than santa then by going to our website if we answer it on the show youll get our d. V. D. Featuring our white hearted look at some of albert einsteins greatest theories. The most important thing is to never stop asking questions. Lots of people love to shop but fewer and fewer people are actually going to stores to do it. Instead they stay at home and order things online that means more and more packages have to be delivered and fast. Scientists and logistics experts are looking into the Delivery Systems of the future. This is how one major Logistics Company imagines the future of possible delivery. Postle copter was put through its paces serving a remote area in the foothills of the Bavarian Alps it didnt deliver to peoples front door but to an automated. At this f. L. D. In southwest in germany Aviation Engineers are working on a larger freight carrying journey it might look like a toy but its a serious piece of equipment that can fly for twenty four hours nonstop with. Billowed. Will turns be delivering packages here in germany in the full seeable future. He says its nice i dont see it happening in urban areas nor do i see the need for it theres no reason to deliver yet another pair of shoes downtown by drone but we do need to develop ways to make life more convenient for people in rural areas. High tech logistics in country quarters currently jonesy used to deliver aid supplies to remote communities all to places where disaster has hit this one is going to Doctors Without Borders in africa. And parts of China Commercial Package Delivery jones are already in use in some rural areas. Logistics in cities presents different kinds of challenges. Delivery services generate Noise Pollution and road traffic and their booming Online Shopping is one major reason for that one study predicts that the sector will grow thirty percent in germany this year. The Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering in stuttgart is working on the last mile getting goods to the end consumer. Stephon hybrids research focuses on that last mile online retailers keep offering faster delivery like same day or within the hour those responsible for implementing such promises have to scramble to keep up or get ahead of the game. Plays a central role in the new concept vehicles embody some Innovative Solutions are also seeing combinations of delivery vehicles with other kinds of calls such as the obligatory drones or transport robots with larger vehicles. One can imagine having a large vehicle as a hub for smaller words like a mobile Storage Facility and distribution note. His research has shown that delivery personnel in downtown start got cover large distances on foot and often cant drive to their destinations has identified a number of spots from which many destinations can be reached more efficiently he says packages being delivered by Different Companies should cover the last mile together that would reduce vehicle traffic and fast pollution dangerous emissions such as fine particles and nitrogen oxide as well as noise. But is testing his first logistic hotspots in cooperation with Logistics Companies and the municipality moment plan with mitzi were going to switch to delivery by force with a trial its a big truck will deposit the goods in a container early in the morning and get up again in the evening this will mean a sharp reduction in motorised traffic by delivery vehicles off the streets. And what about germs. Last year misstate he spends presented its vision ban concept vehicle with its own flock of last Mile Delivery germs with a landing pad on its roof. Fan and drone will be electrically powered reducing pollution at least where they are in service. The engineers envision a wide range of uses for example speeding spare parts to a building site of a piece of equipment breaks down. But what is the point of deploying vans and jones together in this way. Its about parallel processing while the driver of the van comes to your door the drones on the van fly off to deliver stuff to others that would boost efficiency we want to enhance efficiency in our factories and our customers in the Logistics Industry who want to do the same with their work processes especially the last mile i see great opportunities here when he calls assassin assist us in the two conflict on the two sides and. Ask the name suggests the vision van embodies a vision it will only take to real roads to deliver real things in about one years time in the back stacking in removing parcels is automated while the driver delivers one package that joins us off to visit other customers but where would it make sense to deploy such systems. When it comes to Package Delivery i see the focus on urban areas residential neighborhoods. But i could also imagine deployment in the us instead of driving up Windy Mountain roads to reach a remote farm sending a drone might be a more efficient way to deliver a parcel. And if its. Meanwhile the fellow kariya company has fleets of each icicle couriers providing same day deliveries in eight german cities including stuttgart they can carry much more stuff than adjourn can run them more environmentally friendly. Experts say that innovative ground based last Mile Delivery solutions stand a better chance of success in cities than do apple in ones. It looks like its a few expect companies that dont have any. Delivery vehicles Like Department stores might build up their own small fleets of self driving vehicles with no personnel costs none of the usual Fleet Management costs. As to drones we all know and man deploying them in in a city and i dont see all those possibles being delivered by apple and would last there are legal issues about flying of other peoples property who owns what piece of real estate is always very complicated in cities and in rural areas its often much simpler as you see the pilot projects usually take place out in the country because. And. So while city folk may not have to listen to the erosion of drones in the near future country folks should be prepared. For more from the world of science and technology visit our website or get in touch on twitter or facebook we love to hear from you. Thats it for now but join us again next time when well be looking at the future of traffic what doesnt autonomy vehicle do when it gets confused researchers are looking to another planet for answers to the rovers on the surface of mars which also have to cope with the unexpected more on that next week on tomorrow today. Top stories followed across social media sharing commons and content welcome to. Make your smart t. V. Smarter with. Smart. What you want what you want to. Update. Extraordinary. Data. You decide what songs. Find no more. Small. Company a German Stock Corporation was founded in two thousand i mean our initial stuff of two has meanwhile grown to eighty at least i know well the site was chosen because we have all the competencies. In excellence it doesnt insects and your fellow very good ecosystem fall off by me through fifty five g. Is the driving force behind industry four point zero zero so whats special about us is probably that we dont only present the formulas how it could be but that we also make tests on a running system involving xom a conductor you have the largest cluster in germany and in europe we have to university we have a set of the Film Institute you have two players of equipment and materials for us is going to tell us its absolutely important that our staff have their minds free when they come to work this means we do have these child friendly facilities creativity navia take this as a fruit off the atmosphere surrounding your company and we have also extremely good support from the political system is entrenched quite proud of where we are today and see what we still need as human power is at the end of the day the industry says of course they go where they get their problems solved and thats possible here on site i believe in the us i live in china before im french but doesnt is a very good place to raise a family. And i know if it was my for media. This is day that were newsline from a call for action to action at the u. N. Climate summit opens in germany oh the conference chair fiji began proceedings stand against it are expected to working to cap the expected Global Temperatures attempt to increase
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