states successfully before and that have been working and that have been parts of congressional legislation for some time, and now there is finally an opportunity to put the solutions in place for the whole country, to create a baseline set of voting rules that every american can rely on, a federal floor, and to deal with things like extreme gerrymandering and dark money that have reached crisis proportions. >> so, carol anderson, professor anderson, republicans, as you well know, say these voting restrictions are needed because of so-called fraud, fraud that we should say does not exist, did not exist in that last election. can you provide some historical context in which those accusations have been made over generations, not just about fraud but a whole host of things in order to suppress the vote. >> absolutely. so beginning in 1890, in the mississippi plan of 1890 which created this comprehensive